JP3028021U - Ornaments - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] The present invention relates to improvement of decorativeness of diamonds and other ornaments, and particularly to brilliance of light and disperser.
The shine of scintillation and scintillation is further enhanced to improve the characteristics. A decorative article, characterized in that a fine groove is formed on the surface of the decorative article made of a light transmitting material having a plurality of surfaces.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to improvement of decorativeness of an ornament, and more specifically, it enhances the value as an ornament by further increasing the brightness of transparent materials such as glass and jewelry due to transmission and reflection of light. It is about.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Diamonds are a typical example of jewelry. The reason why this diamond occupies the highest position as jewelry is that the diamond itself has excellent characteristics such as transparency and high refractive index, but its cutting method is also closely related.

This is because the amount of light reflected and the refraction state of light are subtly changed depending on the cutting method. A typical cutting method is brilliant-cut. This method of cutting is currently known to be the strongest indicator of diamond's stunning beauty compared to all other cutting methods such as scare cutting, emerald cutting and so on.

The general matters and properties of the brilliant cut of diamond are described in detail in “Gemstone Classroom”, 126-132, published by Sogensha Co., Ltd. on August 10, 1977. According to this document, the beauty of a brilliant-cut diamond lies in its high amount of total internal reflection. Due to its high refractive index, the total reflection area is wide, and since the amount of total reflection is large, diamond shines like that. This phenomenon is called brilliancy. Next, the totally reflected light causes dispersion due to the difference in the refractive index depending on the vibration frequency of each color, and changes into seven colors. This seven-colored rainbow is called a fire. Further, the light totally reflected from the facet surface moves flicker each time the diamond moves or the viewer moves his eyes. This phenomenon is called scintillation. Brilliant cuts effectively cause these brilliances, dispersions and scintillations, which is a major reason for the beauty of diamonds.

As a conventional technique for improving beauty, South African Republic Patent Application No. 7018135 filed on Dec. 1, 1970 (corresponding to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47-11241) “Cut diamond and its cut There is a way. This device adopts the scare cutting method from the viewpoint of improving the raw material yield of diamond rough. Also, there is United States Patent Application No. 690401 (corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-147170) “Brilliant cut gem” filed on May 27, 1976. The present invention relates to a hybrid cutting method which has the advantages of a scare cutting method with a high raw material yield of rough diamond and a brilliant cutting method with excellent diamond brilliance.

Further, there is a patent application No. 254360 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-115582) filed on September 29, 1991 (1989) “Precious Metal Coating Method on Diamond”. This invention relates to a method of coating a precious metal on diamond.

[0007]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, up to now, no technology is known for cutting the decoration of a light-transmitting material other than the cutting method and the noble metal coating in order to improve the decoration. In any case, it is an eternal task to improve the decorativeness of diamonds and other jewelry items.

An object of the present invention is to improve the decorativeness of decorative items such as jewelry.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The above problem is that a plurality of cut surfaces having different surface directions are formed on a three-dimensional surface made of a light-transmissive material, and a plurality of fine grooves are formed on at least one of the cut surfaces. The problem is solved by a decorative article characterized by being formed at substantially equal intervals.

Diffracted light is generated when the distance between the fine grooves is 0.1 μm to 1000 μm. The light transmitting material that generates light diffraction is typically jewels such as diamond, glass, plastic or cubic zirconia. The pattern of the fine groove formed on the cut surface of the light transmitting material is solved by the decorative article characterized in that it is different in each region divided on the cut surface.

For example, the pattern of the narrow groove is a parallel line, a concentric circle, or a waveform. Alternatively, it is a combination of these parallel lines, concentric circles, and wavy patterns. Each region divided on the cut surface of the light transmitting material may be arbitrary. When formed radially, it exhibits a special shine.

[0012]

[Action]

 According to the ornament of the present invention, when light is irradiated, a part of the light is diffracted by the plurality of fine grooves on the cut surface, and the light is dispersed to generate reflected light of seven colors. At the same time, part of the light incident from the cut surface is transmitted through the light-transmitting material, is repeatedly reflected by another cut surface, and is finally refracted and dispersed by the original cut surface. It is emitted as light to the outside. At this time, this light is once again diffracted by the narrow groove on the cut surface and then emitted as dispersed light.

As described above, according to the present invention, the effect of dispersed light due to reflection and diffraction at the time of incidence by the plurality of fine grooves on the cut surface and the dispersion due to refraction and diffraction at the cut surface after entering the transparent solid are obtained. The effect of light and the effect of dispersed light due to refraction and diffraction at the time of emission work intricately, so that only a specific color (red, blue, or yellow) is emphasized in the dispersed light. The appearance of light or the appearance of a cross-shaped light of a specific color shows an effect peculiar to the present invention that could not be seen in the past.

[0014]

【Example】

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The effects of the present invention can be more clearly confirmed by experiments. The effect of the present invention is considered to be most effective in diamond, but for convenience, the experiment is carried out using brilliant-cut 0.5 carat cubic zirconia.

Cubic zirconia is an equiaxed zirconia oxide with a stabilizer (Y ₂ O ₃ etc.) added, and because it has properties very similar to diamond, it is a gem alternative to diamond. Often used as. Table 1 shows the physical properties of diamond and cubic zirconia.

[0016]

[Table 1]

Brilliant cutting is known as a cutting method for making the brilliance of diamonds more beautiful, and is a cutting method generally applied to other jewelry. Hereinafter, this cutting method will be described for reference. See FIG. This figure is published on page 126 of the above-mentioned document "Jewelry Class", and it outlines the process of brilliant cutting of diamond. Cubic zirconia used in the experiment of the present invention Is also applicable.

The brilliant cut includes (a) inking 41, (b) sawing 43, (c) rounding 45, (d) blocking 47 and regard ring 48, (e) main facet cutting, and (F) Completed through other facet-cutting processes. Fig. 5 shows the detailed external shape (proportion) of the completed brilliant cut. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show a front view and a plan view of the brilliant cut, respectively.

When viewed from the front view of FIG. 5A, the top surface indicated by reference numeral 51 is called a “table”, and it is about 3/10 of the total height from the periphery of the table 51 in the downward direction of the drawing. Up to this point, an inclined surface is formed as indicated by reference numeral 53 whose horizontal cross-sectional area gradually increases. This inclined surface is called "crown". Further, the remaining height of about 7/10 is formed with another inclined surface indicated by reference numeral 55 where the horizontal cross-sectional area gradually decreases and converges. This inclined surface is called a "pavilion". A "girdle" 57 is provided between the crown 53 and the pavilion 55, so that the girdle 57 is formed in a perfect circle when viewed in the plan view of FIG. 5 (b).

The relationship between the brilliance, dispersion, scintillation, and reflection on the surface, which are the main reasons for the beauty of diamond, and the external shape (proportion) of diamond is as follows. The phenomenon that a diamond shines is called "brilliance", which utilizes total internal reflection of light. Diamond has an index of refraction of 2.42, a very high value compared to other gems such as 1.55 for quartz and 1.77 for ruby and sapphire. Therefore, when the light incident from the table 51 reaches the pavilion 55, most of the light is totally reflected (that is, the light exits from the pavilion 55 to the outside of the diamond and returns to the inside), and then to the crown 53. It reaches and goes out of the diamond from the crown, jumps into the eyes of the person and feels a shine. The angle of the pavilion 55 is important for causing total internal reflection. The angle of the pavilion 55 is seen in Fig. 5 (a), and the angle of the pavilion 55 is usually formed at about 40 ° 3/4 'with respect to the horizontal line. ing.

The light that has been totally reflected changes into seven colors by causing “dispersion” (dispersion). When the incident light is the light emitted by a high temperature body such as sunlight, it includes each color even if it looks white to the naked eye (also called “composite light”), and each color vibrates according to the color. By having a number. Light with a higher frequency (that is, light that is closer to purple in visible light) has a higher refractive index, and light with a lower frequency (that is, light that is closer to red in visible light) has a lower refractive index. The difference appears as a difference in the refractive index, and the light that is totally reflected is dispersed into each color and exhibits a rainbow of seven colors (fire).

Table 2 shows the wavelength (reciprocal number of frequency) λ of incident light and the refractive index R.I. I. It shows the relationship of. The difference in refractive index between purple and red is generally referred to as dispersity (D.R.).

[0023]

[Table 2]

Therefore, how the spectrum is divided becomes clear as the degree of dispersion increases. Also, the more accurate the angle of the pavilion 55, the greater the number of total internal reflections inside the diamond, and the longer the light path (in other words, the larger the size of the diamond), the clearer the dispersion and the clearer the fire. appear. The diamond dispersity of 0.044 just makes this fire look beautiful and elegant to the human eye.

A “scintillation” phenomenon occurs in which the reflected light of diamond flickers in response to the movement of the diamond or the movement of the eyes. The scintillation phenomenon is caused by the precision of the diamond, the number of facets, the finish of the facet polishing surface, the accuracy of the angle of each facet, etc. In addition, a part of the light incident on the diamond does not go inside the diamond and is reflected by the surface of the diamond. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, at the incident angle of 10 °, 17.24% of the incident light is reflected on the surface and increases with the incident angle, and at the incident angle of 89 °, the incident light 89.97% reflect on the surface. "Reflection on the surface" is caused by the refractive index and the incident angle of incident light. This surface-reflected light is a reflection of the incident light from the outside as it is, and at times, it contains the color of the indoor blue carpet and walls as it is, and acts to further enhance the diamond.

The above is the brilliant cut which is considered necessary for understanding the present invention and the basic matters related thereto. For further details, please refer to the above-mentioned reference “Gemstone Classroom”, pp. 126-132. (1) Description of First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. According to the first embodiment, a 0.5 carat cubic zirconia sample is prepared by the brilliant cut method, and then a single groove 23 is formed on the surface of the table 21 in a single direction (line machining). ) Is given. This line processing was performed by a lithographic method using argon etching which is a conventional method in the printing industry and the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Specifically, it depends on various steps of ultraviolet reduction exposure, development, and argon etching.

For this argon etching step, a Miratron E-modification device manufactured by COMMON WEALTH SCIENTIFIC Co., Ltd. was used. The etching conditions are as follows. Background pressure 6.0X10 ^-6 torr, Working pressure 2.0X10 ^-4 torr, Ar flow rate 20 SCCM, Magnet current 1.6 A, Glow current 6.0 A, Extractor voltage / current 350 V, 0 A, Cathode current 3.3 A, Neutralizer current 14.0 A, ion output voltage / current 400 V, 0.5 A, stage cooling temperature 5 ° C, stage tilt angle 90 °, working time 170 sec.

As shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. 1B, the surface finish of the table 21 is such that the mutual distance 25 is about 2.5 μm, the width 27 is about 2.5 μm, and the depth 28 is about 0.1 μm. Fine grooves 29 of 2 to 0.3 μm are formed in the given constant direction at substantially equal intervals over the entire length of the surface of the table 21. The confirmation of the effect of this example was carried out in the first example using a sample prepared under the same conditions as in the first example except that the surface of the table 21 was not processed after the brilliant cut, as a conventional product. This was done by comparing the sample of the example with this conventional product.

Parallel light rays were applied to the sample of the first example and the conventional product by a double arm fiber illuminator manufactured by Nikon Corporation. It was confirmed that the sample of the first embodiment produced stronger dispersion and surface reflection than the conventional product. Further, depending on the parallel rays radiated and the direction of the viewer's line of sight, the entire table surface shined all over red, all over blue or all over yellow, or a rainbow of seven colors (fire) was recognized.

It is considered that the increase in the decorative effect is due to the fact that the brilliance of the dispersed light due to the reflection diffraction and the transmissive diffraction at the narrow groove formed on the table surface is added to the brilliance of the dispersed light due to the conventional refraction. (2) Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. According to the second embodiment, a 0.5 carat cubic zirconia sample is prepared by the brilliant cut method. After that, the surface of the table 11 having a substantially octagonal shape is divided into a plurality of regions 17 by an arbitrary diagonal line 13 or a line 15 connecting the opposite side midpoints. In each of the divided areas 17, different fine grooves 19 in arbitrary fixed directions are formed (line-processed). Here, division into regions and line processing are performed in one etching operation. For example, it is possible by preparing a predetermined pattern mask corresponding to FIG. 2A in the ultraviolet reduction exposure step of the above-mentioned etching operation.

The lithography working conditions for the line processing are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the finish of the surface of the region 17 of the table 11 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 2 (b)), as shown in FIG. 1 (b) which is a partially enlarged view. Furthermore, the effect of this embodiment was confirmed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, a sample prepared under exactly the same conditions as the second embodiment except that the surface of the table 11 was not processed was used as a conventional product, and the sample of the second embodiment was compared with this conventional product.

When the parallel rays emitted by the double-arm fiber illuminator were applied to the sample of the second embodiment and the conventional product from several directions, the sample of the second embodiment was stronger than the conventional product. It was observed that dispersion and surface reflections, as well as more scintillation, occurred. Due to the strong dispersion, a 7-color rainbow is clearly visible.

It is considered that this increase in the decorative effect is due to the addition of the respective effects of the diffracted light in the narrow groove formed in each region. (3) Third Embodiment A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. According to the third embodiment, a 0.5 carat cubic zirconia sample is prepared by the brilliant cut method. After that, the surface of the substantially octagonal table 31 of the brilliant cut shape is divided into a plurality of radial regions 39 by a line connecting the center 33 and each vertex 35 or the side midpoint 37. For each of the divided radial regions 39, fine grooves in different constant directions are formed (line-processed).

The working conditions for wire processing are the same as those in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the finish of the surface of the region 39 of the table 31 is as shown in FIG. 3 (b) which is a partially enlarged view, and those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment (FIG. 2 (b), FIG. Substantially the same as b)). Furthermore, the effect of this embodiment was confirmed in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. That is, a sample prepared under exactly the same conditions as in the third embodiment except that the surface of the table 31 was not processed was used as a conventional product, and the sample of the third embodiment was compared with this conventional product.

When the parallel rays emitted by the double-arm fiber illuminator were applied to the sample of the third embodiment and the conventional product from several directions, the sample of the third embodiment was stronger than the conventional product. It was observed to cause dispersion and surface reflection. Further, as an effect peculiar to the third embodiment, it was recognized that the reflected light forms an image in a cross pattern above the table 31. It was also confirmed that this cross-shaped image turned red, blue or yellow depending on the direction of the parallel rays and the line of sight of the viewer.

It is considered that this is because the formation region of the narrow groove is formed radially. (4) Description of other examples (a) Light-transmitting material As the light-transmitting material, jewels such as diamond, glass, all kinds of transparent and translucent jewels and glass exhibiting diffraction phenomenon such as glass, plastic or cubic zirconia Etc. can be used.

(B) Cut Shape of Permeable Material As the type of cut, it is applicable to cuts other than brilliant cut. Further, it is not necessary that a complete polyhedron is formed by cutting, and a curved surface may be partially formed. For example, when the present invention is applied to a crystal glass ornament in the shape of an animal, the tail is a curved surface and the other part is formed in a polyhedron, and at least one surface of the polyhedron has the thin film of the present invention. Form a groove. As a result, the diffracted light generated on the surface appears as dispersed light on the other surfaces or curved surfaces of the polyhedron, and the brightness can be increased.

(C) Shape and Pattern of Fine Groove Formed on Cut Surface The fine groove pattern is the fine groove pattern disclosed in the first, second or third embodiment (see FIG. 1, FIG. 2 or FIG. It is not limited to 3). Further, the dimensions shown for the shape of each fine groove, the depth of the groove, the distance between the grooves, and the like are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these. However, when the distance between the narrow grooves is too wide compared to the wavelength of light, the light interference effect due to diffraction does not appear so much.

Further, the fine grooves formed in each region may be formed in concentric circles as shown in FIG. 7A instead of the parallel straight lines described in the embodiment, or as shown in FIG. The waveform may be formed as shown in FIG. (D) Jewelery to which the present invention is applied The present invention is effective when the jewels described in Examples 1 to 3 are used for a ring and a brooch. It can also be applied to figurines made of crystal glass. Furthermore, if a lightweight plastic material is used, a chandelier to which the present invention is applied can be manufactured.

[0040]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, by performing line processing on the cut surface of light transmitting materials such as jewels, brilliance, dispersion, scintillation, etc. on each cut surface can be improved. It is possible to make better use of it and improve the decorativeness of jewelry.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A is a plan view showing a surface of a brilliant cut table 21 according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a partially enlarged view thereof, and FIG. 1B is a vertical view of a part of the surface of the table 21. It is the elements on larger scale showing a section.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a table surface of a brilliant cut according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a partially enlarged view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a table surface of a brilliant cut according to a third embodiment of the present invention and a partially enlarged view thereof.

FIG. 4 is published on page 126 of the above-mentioned document “Jewelery Class” and shows an outline of the brilliant cutting process.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing details of the outer shape of the brilliant cut, FIG. 5 (a) is a front view of the brilliant cut, and FIG. 5 (b) is a plan view of the brilliant cut.

[Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a view described on page 131 of the above-mentioned document "Jewelery Classroom", and is a diagram illustrating "reflection on the surface" which is one of the decorative properties of diamond.

FIG. 7 (a) is a pattern of concentric narrow grooves, and FIG. 7 (b) is a corrugated pattern of narrow grooves.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 table 13 diagonal line 15 line connecting midpoints to each other 17 area 19 narrow groove 21 table 23 narrow groove 25 distance between grooves 26 narrow groove bottom portion 27 narrow groove width 28 groove depth 29 narrow groove 31 table 33 table Center 35 Vertex 37 Side midpoint 39 Radial area 41 Inking 43 Sawing 45 Rounding 47 Blocking 48 Regard ring 51 Table 53 Crown 55 Pavilion 57 Girdle

Claims (9)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A three-dimensional surface made of a light-transmissive material,
An ornamental article characterized in that a plurality of cut surfaces having different surface directions are formed, and a plurality of fine grooves are formed at substantially equal intervals on at least one or more of the plurality of cut surfaces. 2. The interval between the fine grooves according to claim 1 is 0.1 μm.
A decorative article characterized by being ~ 1000 μm. 3. The decorative article, wherein the light-transmitting material according to claim 1 is any one of jewels such as diamond, glass, plastic, and cubic zirconia. 4. The ornamental article according to claim 1, wherein the fine groove pattern formed on the cut surface is different in each region divided on the cut surface. 5. The decorative article, wherein the fine groove pattern formed in each region divided on the cut surface according to claim 3 is a parallel line. 6. The decorative article, wherein the fine groove patterns formed in the respective areas divided on the cut surface according to claim 3 are concentric circles. 7. The decorative article, wherein the fine groove pattern formed in each region divided on the cut surface according to claim 3 is corrugated. 8. A decorative article, wherein the pattern of the fine grooves formed in each of the regions divided on the cut surface according to claim 3 is any one of parallel lines, concentric circles, and corrugations. 9. An ornamental article, characterized in that each region divided on the cut surface according to claim 3 forms a radial pattern.