JP3017123B2 - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an air compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Compressed air is used as a driving source for various control mechanisms such as a brake system in a medium- to heavy-duty truck. At present, a reciprocating compressor that employs a general crank mechanism and supplies lubricating oil to a cylinder chamber to lubricate a piston ring and the like is used as the supply source.

[0003] Water vapor contained in the air condenses during the compression process, accumulates in the middle of the air piping, and may freeze in winter. Therefore, it is necessary to separate compressed air and moisture. The current method of separating air and moisture is to absorb water in high-pressure air into a porous water absorbent and then rapidly reduce the pressure to release water from the water absorbent into the atmosphere. is there. This method has a disadvantage that the separation performance is reduced when lubricating oil is mixed with the compressed air.

When lubricating oil is mixed with compressed air, heat tends to carbonize the lubricating oil near the suction and discharge valves of the compressor. If sludge adheres to the discharge valve, the operation of the valve becomes imperfect, and the temperature of the compressed air increases more and more, so that carbonization is further promoted.

Therefore, it is desired that lubricating oil is not mixed with the compressed air.

[0006] Among general-purpose compressors, there are non-lubricated compressors. The most common type of this type uses a ball bearing for the crank part and a needle bearing for the piston and piston pin.These bearings are sealed with grease and lubricating oil enters the cylinder chamber. It is not to be.

However, according to the above bearing structure, the size of the bearing portion becomes large, and the size is unsuitable for mounting on a vehicle. In addition, since the inside of the crankcase is lubricated, the cooling effect is poor, not only the wear of the sliding portion is increased and the discharge amount is easily reduced, but practical use is difficult when the crank rotates at a high speed.

On the other hand, some vacuum pumps drive a piston rod with a cam and perform an oil seal at the center of the piston rod. What has been put to practical use with this structure has a piston stroke as small as 20 mm or less, and cannot be used for compressors for medium and large trucks.

On the other hand, a cross slider crank mechanism is used in some machines. This includes a reciprocating rod, a slider frame fixed to the slider frame and supported reciprocally, a slider supported on the slider frame so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the slider frame, and a slider. The crankshaft is rotatably connected. When this mechanism is connected to a piston, a piston in which side thrust does not act can be obtained, but there are restrictions on the conditions to be established as compared with a normal crank mechanism.

An example in which the cross slider crank mechanism is used in a reciprocating compressor is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-32665.
There is No. 8.

[0011]

The above-mentioned technology relates to a non-lubricated air compressor mounted on a vehicle, using a cross slider crank mechanism as a crank mechanism, and using a cross-slider crank mechanism at an intermediate position between piston rods. This is a proposal for a compressor that seals oil between the inside and the inside.

However, due to the presence of the oil seal, the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the crankcase are sealed,
Since the airtightness in the cylinder is increased, there arises a problem that the operating power during the suction stroke increases.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the operating power of a compressor using a cross slider crank mechanism as a crank mechanism and having a seal between a cylinder and a crankcase.

[0014]

According to the present invention, a piston is reciprocated in a cylinder by a crank mechanism, air is sucked from a suction hole into a cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston in a suction stroke, and the air is sucked in a compression stroke. The compressor is compressed and discharged from a discharge hole, and the crank mechanism is formed of a cross slider crank mechanism. In a compressor in which a gap between a cylinder and a crankcase is sealed, the inside of the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston and the outside are separated. It has a first air passage which communicates, shea this air passage faces the lower surface of the piston
Acts as a passage for exhaust and suction into the cylinder ,
One, a second air passage through the upper and lower surfaces on said piston
It is formed and checked on the top side of the piston.
A valve is provided, and the check valve is connected to the second air passage.
Is configured to close and open only during the suction stroke
And said that you are.

The cross slider crank mechanism includes a piston rod connected to and fixed to a piston, a slider frame connected to and fixed to the piston rod, and supported to be reciprocally movable, and a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the slider frame. The slider includes a slider movably mounted in a window of the slider frame, and a crankshaft on which the slider is rotatably mounted.

Since the cross-slider crank mechanism is employed as the crank mechanism for reciprocating the piston in the cylinder, the following operation is achieved. The piston rod performs a pure sinusoidal linear motion without the higher order vibration components associated with conventional crank mechanisms. Therefore,
Noise can be suppressed, and the durability of the seal ring (piston ring) and cylinder attached to the piston increases.
Since the piston rod performs a linear motion, an oil seal can be easily performed at an intermediate portion of the piston rod. As a result, the interior of the cylinder and the interior of the crankcase can be easily sealed, and the interior of the cylinder can be easily maintained in a non-lubricating oil state. Since the piston rod performs linear motion and does not generate piston slap, the durability of the seal ring (piston ring) mounted on the piston and the cylinder can be maintained even without lubrication. Since the piston rod performs a linear motion and does not generate a piston slap, generation of vibration and noise can be suppressed. Since there is no relative movement between the piston and the piston rod, lubricating oil can be easily supplied to the inside of the piston through the inside of the piston rod, so that oil cooling of the piston can be easily performed.

The seal between the cylinder and the crankcase can be performed by disposing an oil seal on the outer periphery of the piston rod. By setting the cylinder in a non-lubricated oil state, the air compressed in the cylinder is compressed. Can be prevented from being mixed with the lubricating oil.

The compressor of the present invention has a first air passage communicating between the inside and the outside of the cylinder where the lower surface of the piston faces, and this air passage faces the lower surface of the piston.
In the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston is exhausted through the air passage by acting as a passage for exhaust and suction into the cylinder, so that the operating power during the suction stroke is reduced.

In the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston is exhausted through the first air passage, so that the temperature in the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston can be reduced. As a result, an oil seal having low heat resistance can be used for a seal member that seals between the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the crankcase.

The first air passage is provided with one or two or more air passages.

The first air passage may communicate with a suction passage communicating with a cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston. In this way, during the suction stroke,
Since the air exhausted from the cylinder through the air passage is introduced into the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston, the suction efficiency is improved.

A plurality of the first air passages may be provided, and only a part of the first air passages may communicate with the suction passage communicating with the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston. In this case, it is desirable to connect an air cleaner to the air passage not communicating with the suction passage communicating with the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston. Further, an air passage communicating with the outside is connected in the middle of a communication passage between the suction passage communicating with the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston and the first air passage, and an air cleaner is connected to the air passage. It may be configured as follows.

A chamber may be provided in the middle of a communication passage between the first air passage and a suction passage communicating with a cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston. With this configuration, the chamber functions as a filter, so that foreign matter such as dust can be prevented from entering the cylinder. Further, pressure pulsation can be reduced.

Further , the piston penetrates the upper and lower surfaces.
A second air passage is formed and the piston
A check valve is attached to the upper surface of the check valve, and the check valve is
Close the second air passage and open it only during the suction stroke
By the configuration, during the suction stroke, the piston
Air in the cylinder facing the lower surface of the cylinder is formed on the piston
The top of the piston faces through the second air passage
Since it is introduced into the cylinder, the operating power is reduced and the cylinder is
In addition to reducing the internal temperature and improving the suction efficiency,
Cooling of the piston is performed by air passing through the ston.

The present invention can also be configured as follows. That is, the piston reciprocates in the cylinder by the crank mechanism, air is sucked from the suction hole into the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston in the suction stroke, and the air is compressed and discharged from the discharge hole in the compression stroke, and the crank In a compressor in which a mechanism is formed of a cross-slider crank mechanism, and a space between a cylinder and a crankcase is sealed, the cylinder has a double cylinder structure including an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and the piston has an inner cylinder. It is located inside the cylinder,
In addition, an air passage formed by the outer periphery of the inner cylinder and the inner periphery of the outer cylinder communicates with the inside of the inner cylinder through a window hole formed in a lower part of the inner cylinder, and the upper surface of the piston is It is characterized in that it communicates with a suction passage that communicates with the facing cylinder.

In this way, during the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston passes through the air passage formed by the outer circumference of the inner cylinder and the inner circumference of the outer cylinder. Will be introduced. Therefore, the cylinder can be cooled by air passing through the cylinder, in addition to reducing the operation power, reducing the temperature in the cylinder, and improving the suction efficiency.

Further, the compressor has a double cylinder structure.
The configuration of the air passage of the piston and the check valve
Can be added.

Further, the present invention may be configured as follows using the configuration of the air passage of the piston and the check valve. That is, the piston reciprocates in the cylinder by the crank mechanism, air is sucked from the suction hole into the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston in the suction stroke, and the air is compressed and discharged from the discharge hole in the compression stroke, and the crank In a compressor in which the mechanism comprises a cross-slider crank mechanism, a space between the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the crankcase is sealed, an air passage penetrating the upper and lower surfaces is formed in the piston, and the upper surface of the piston is A check valve is provided, the check valve is configured to close the air passage and open only at the time of a suction stroke, and communicates between the inside and the outside where the lower surface of the piston faces the cylinder. It has an air passageway for inhalation, characterized in that the suction valve is attached to the air passage for the suction.

In each of the above-described compressors, it is desirable to form a groove extending in the radial direction from the inner circumference to the outer circumference on the upper surface of the piston ring mounted on the piston.

In this manner, during the suction stroke, the upper surface of the piston ring abuts against the upper surface of the piston ring groove, so that the air in the cylinder, which faces the lower surface of the piston, enters the piston ring groove, and then the air on the upper surface of the piston ring. Through the groove, it enters the cylinder where the upper surface of the piston faces.
Thereby, the operation power can be reduced, the temperature in the cylinder can be reduced, and the suction efficiency can be improved. Also, the back pressure on the piston ring is reduced, so that the ring wear is reduced. In the compression stroke, the lower surface of the piston ring abuts against the lower surface of the piston ring groove, so that the piston ring is sealed.

[0031]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The compressor of the present invention is an air compressor in which a piston reciprocates in a cylinder. A cylinder head 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the cylinder 1.
Are provided with an air inlet 3 and a compressed air outlet 4.

The cylinder head 2 comprises a valve assembly 5 and a head body 6. The valve assembly 5 fixed to the upper surface of the cylinder 1 has a substantially square, flat plate shape, and has mounting holes 5a at four corners. Near the center of the valve assembly 5, a pair of discharge holes 7 are formed parallel to one end, and four suction holes 8 are arranged near one end. They are arranged in an arc along the direction.

A suction valve 9 is arranged on the lower surface of the valve assembly 5. The suction valve 9 is formed by a thin plate-shaped reed valve,
It has a ring shape, a part of which closes four suction holes 8, and two discharge holes 7 are arranged in the ring shape. Then, a catch 10 is placed on the base end of the suction valve 9, and the suction valve 9 is fixed to the valve assembly 5 with a set screw 11.

The discharge valve 1 is provided on the upper surface of the valve assembly 5.
2 are arranged. The discharge valve 12 is formed by a thin plate-shaped reed valve, and has an elongated rectangular shape.
Is closed. A discharge valve receiver 13 made of a plate having the same shape as the discharge valve 12 as viewed from above is disposed above the discharge valve 12, and both ends of the discharge valve 12 and the discharge valve receiver 13 are bolted to the valve assembly. 5 is fixed. The discharge valve receiver 13 has an arch shape that is curved upward. When the discharge valve 12 is opened, the discharge valve 12 curves upward and abuts on the lower surface of the discharge valve receiver 13 to regulate the lift amount. .

A notch 15 is formed on the upper end face of the cylinder 1 and is open to the inner peripheral side over the entire circumference. The suction valve 9 is arranged in the notch 15. When the suction valve 9 is opened, the suction valve 9 bends downward, and the tip of the suction valve 9 abuts against the bottom surface of the cutout 15 (constituting the suction valve receiver), whereby the lift amount is regulated.

Inside the head body 6 fixed to the upper surface of the valve assembly 5, an air portion 16 in which the discharge valve 12 and the discharge valve receiver 13 are housed, and the air portion 16 to the discharge port 4
And a suction passage 18 communicating from the suction hole 8 to the suction port 3.
Are formed.

A piston 20 is inserted into the cylinder 1. Piston rings 21 and 22 are respectively mounted in two ring grooves formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 20, and a seal with the inner wall 1a of the cylinder 1 is provided. I do. One end of a piston rod 23 is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the piston 20, and the piston 20 is configured to reciprocate in the cylinder 1 by a cross slider crank mechanism.

The support member 24 is a substantially square board fixed to the upper surface of the crankcase 25, and has a concave portion on the upper surface. The lower end of the cylinder 1 is inserted into a concave portion on the upper surface of the support member 24 and is fixed to the support member 24. In addition to forming the cylinder 1 from cast iron, the overall weight can be reduced and heat transfer can be improved by casting a cast iron sleeve with aluminum.

The support member 24 is formed with four first air passages 26 communicating between the inside of the cylinder 1 and the outside. Is exposed, and the openings of the other two air passages 26 are exposed on the opposite side surface.

On one side of the support member 24 of the compressor,
A pipe 62 is connected to the opening of the first air passage 26 and
An air cleaner 63 is connected to the pipe 62. This plumbing
62 is a suction passage 1 formed in the cylinder head 2.
8 and a pipe 65 connected to the opening
In the middle of the pipe 65.
A bus 66 is attached.

On the opposite side surface of the support member 24,
A pipe 67 is connected to the opening of the first air passage 26,
An air cleaner 68 is connected to the pipe 67.

The piston 20 has a solid cylindrical shape.
And a plurality of second air passages 100 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces
They are formed at intervals on the same circumference and
A valve means 106 is provided on the upper surface of the stone 20.

Hereinafter, the structure of the valve means 106 will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described below. Check valve 101 is provided from the outer periphery of the circular plate.
Rectangular plate piece 101a is formed so as to protrude radially.
Each of the rectangular plate pieces 101a is formed on the piston 20.
Are arranged so as to close each air passage 100.
You. A valve receiver 102 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the check valve 101.
The check valve 101 and the valve receiver 102 are
3 is fixed to the upper surface of the piston 20. Valve receiver 10
2 is made of a circular plate material in plan view, and the portion near the outer periphery is the entire periphery.
Over the entire area, and the warped portion 102a
When the rectangular plate piece 101a of the check valve 101 abuts,
The lift amount is regulated. On the top of piston 20
Around the respective air passages 100.
04 is formed, and the O-ring 105 is
The seal between the check valve 101 and the air passage 100
Have gone.

Also, as shown in FIG.
The upper surface of the ring 21 has a radius from the inner circumference to the outer circumference.
Grooves 70 extending in the circumferential direction are spaced apart in the circumferential direction.
Has been established. On the upper surface of another piston ring 22
The same groove 71 is formed.

A crankshaft 27 is disposed in the crankcase 25 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the piston 20 (hereinafter, referred to as a vertical direction), and both ends are rotatably supported by bearings 28. Crankshaft 2
Reference numeral 7 has one end protruding outward from the crankcase 25 and is configured to be rotationally driven by a driving source (not shown).

The crankshaft 27 is connected to the crankcase 2
5 has a pair of crank arms 29, and a slider 31 is rotatably attached to a crank pin 30 connected between the pair of crank arms 29.
The slider 31 is a block having a substantially square shape when viewed in the direction of the crankshaft 27, and is divided into upper and lower parts. A metal 32 is fixed to the inner periphery of a pin hole formed in the center part. It is rotatably assembled.

A slider frame 33 is arranged around the slider 31. The slider frame 33 is a rectangular frame that is horizontally long when viewed in the direction of the crankshaft 27. The height of the horizontally long rectangular window hole 34 is substantially the same as the height of the slider 31, and the width is longer than the width of the slider 31. It has dimensions. Window 34 of this slider frame 33
Slider 31 attached to crank pin 30
Are slidably mounted in the window hole 34 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the piston 20 (hereinafter, referred to as a left-right direction).

The surface of the slider frame 33 which slides with the slider 31, that is, the upper and lower surfaces of the slider frame 33 where the window holes 34 are formed, are covered with porous Cr plating 35. It is desirable to improve the smoothness, the surface roughness and the pore ratio of the surface of the Cr plating 35 by performing a surface treatment after the Cr plating. The slider 31 is formed of a cast iron material such as gray cast iron.

The slider frame 33 includes the crankcase 2
5, a pair of guide rods 36, 3 so as to be able to reciprocate up and down.
7 supported. A pair of guide rods 36, 37
Extends vertically in the crankcase 25 and is fixed to the crankcase 25, and passes through guide rod insertion holes 38 and 39 formed in both ends in the longitudinal direction of the slider frame 33 in the vertical direction, respectively. . The slider frame 33 has bushings 40 and 41 mounted on upper and lower ends of a pair of guide rod insertion holes 38 and 39, respectively. The bushings 40 and 41 slidably support the guide rods 36 and 37, respectively. are doing.

The piston rod 23, which is fixed to the bottom of the piston 20 and extends downward, penetrates through holes 42 and 43 formed in the support member 24 and the upper surface of the crankcase 25, and slides in the crankcase 25. Frame 3
3 is connected and fixed to the center of the upper surface.

Next, lubrication of the cross slider crank mechanism and cooling of the piston will be described.

The lubricating oil supplied into the compressor from an oil supply port 44 formed in the crankcase 25 is supplied to an oil supply passage 45 formed inside one guide rod 36, one of the guide rods 36 and a guide. One of the guide rods 36 passes through the oil supply passage 46 formed between the rod insertion holes 38 in order.
Then, while lubricating the sliding portion between the slider frame and the bush 40, it is configured to flow into an oil supply path 47 formed in the slider frame 33.

The lubricating oil that has flowed into the oil supply path 47 of the slider frame 33 branches off on the way into the other guide rod 37 and the piston rod 23. The lubricating oil flowing to the other guide rod 37 side is supplied to an oil supply path 48 formed between the guide rod 37 and the guide rod insertion hole 39.
After lubricating the sliding portion between the guide rod 37 and the bush 41, it falls into the crankcase 25 from the upper and lower ends.

The lubricating oil flowing to the piston rod 23 side is
After flowing into an oil supply passage 49 formed in the piston rod 23, entering a cooling chamber formed inside the piston 20, cooling the piston 20 from the inside, an oil discharge passage formed in the piston rod 23 It is configured to be discharged through the opening at the lower end into the crankcase 25 through the opening 50.

The lubricating oil supplied from the oil supply port 51 opened on the side surface of the crankcase 25 to the oil supply path 52 formed inside the crankshaft 27 is
It passes through the inside of the crankshaft 27 to reach the crankpin 30. The metal 32 has an annular groove formed in the inner periphery and an oil hole 53 formed in the slider 31 from the bottom of the annular groove.
The lubricating oil reaching the crank pin 30 is supplied to the sliding surface between the crank pin 30 and the metal 32, and a part of the oil is supplied to the slider. Through an oil hole 53 formed in the slider 31 and into an oil groove 55 formed in the surface of the slider 31;
It is supplied to the sliding surface between the slider 31 and the slider frame 33.

As described above, the lubrication and cooling oil passages are formed in the cross slider crank mechanism.

However, the interior of the cylinder 1 is kept in a non-lubricating oil state. That is, the oil seal 57 is attached to the annular concave portion 56 formed around the through hole 42 on the upper surface of the support member 24 supporting the cylinder 1,
The inner circumference of the oil seal 57 is in contact with the outer circumference of the piston rod 23 to seal it, so that the lubricating oil in the crankcase 25 is not supplied into the cylinder 1. Therefore, the piston rings 21 and 22 slide on the cylinder inner wall 1a without lubrication.

The operation will be described below.

When the crankshaft 27 is driven to rotate by a driving source (not shown), the slider 31 mounted on the crankpin 30 moves along a circular orbit around the center of the crankshaft 27. At this time, as the slider 31 moves along the circular orbit, the slider 31 slides in the window hole 34 of the slider frame 33, and accordingly, the slider frame 33 moves in a vertical direction (movement direction of the piston 20) by a sine. Perform a linear motion.

When the slider frame 33 makes a linear motion in the vertical direction as described above, the piston 2 moves through the piston rod 23 fixedly connected to the slider frame 33.
0 reciprocates in the cylinder 1.

The cross slider crank mechanism
Piston rod driven by rotation of link shaft 27
Since the pad 23 performs a linear motion with a pure sine,
There is no higher-order vibration component associated with the crank mechanism. did
Therefore, can the generation of noise in the suppression, the piston ring 21,
The durability of the cylinder 22 and the cylinder 1 is also increased. Also, piston thruster
Since the piston ring 21 is not lubricated,
The durability of the cylinder 22 and the cylinder 1 can be maintained. Also fixie
Since no slap occurs, vibration and noise can be suppressed.
Wear. Also, the relative position between the piston 20 and the piston rod 23
Through the interior of the piston rod 23
Lubricating oil can be easily supplied into the piston 20.
Therefore, oil cooling of the piston 20 can be easily performed.

When the piston 20 descends during the suction stroke,
The suction valve 9 opens. That is, the suction valve 9 bends downward and its tip end is formed in the notch 1 formed on the upper surface of the cylinder 1.
5 contacts the bottom surface (suction valve receiver).

When the suction valve 9 is opened, air is released from the cylinder head 2.
From the suction port 3 through the suction hole 8 into the cylinder 1 where the upper surface of the piston 20 faces.

On the other hand, during the suction stroke, the piston 20
When lowered, the empty space in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20
The air is pushed by the piston 20 from the first air passage 26
It is evacuated and pierced from the suction passage 18 through the chamber 66.
It is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the upper surface of the ton 20. did
Therefore, the compressor of the first embodiment reduces the operating power.
In addition, the rise in the temperature in the cylinder 1 can be suppressed.

In the first embodiment, the suction stroke
And is connected to the suction passage 18 of the cylinder head 2.
Through an air cleaner (not shown) connected to the pipe 64
In addition to the external air sucked in, the lower surface of the piston 20
The air in the cylinder 1 faces the upper surface of the piston 20.
Since it is sucked into the cylinder 1, the suction efficiency is high.

In the suction stroke, the piston 20 descends.
Then, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20
Is formed on the piston 20 by being pushed by the piston 20
Through the second air passage 100 which is
It is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the surface. Therefore, the real
The compressor of the first embodiment can reduce the operating power. Also,
It is possible to suppress a rise in the temperature inside the cylinder 1.

In the first embodiment, the suction stroke
And is sucked through the suction passage 18 of the cylinder head 2.
In addition to the outside air, the
The air in the piston 1 is
The upper surface of the piston 20 faces through the air passage 100 of
Since it is sucked into the cylinder 1, the suction efficiency is high.

Also, the air passing through the piston 20
Thus, the piston 20 is cooled.

Further , as shown in FIG.
The upper surfaces of the piston rings 21 and 22
Butts against the upper surfaces of the groove 72, 73. Therefore,
During the entry stroke, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20
After the air enters the piston ring groove 73, the piston ring
Through the groove 71 formed on the upper surface of the
It flows into the piston ring groove 72. This upper piston
The air entering the ring groove 72 is pierced similarly to the above.
Through the groove 70 formed on the upper surface of the ton ring 21
And flows into the cylinder 1 where the upper surface of the piston 20 faces.
You.

Therefore, the operating power can be reduced and the cylinder 1
To reduce the internal temperature and improve the suction efficiency.
Reduced back pressure on stone rings 21 and 22
The ring wear is reduced.

Next, when the piston 20 rises in the compression stroke, the suction valve 9 closes, and when the air is compressed by the rise of the piston 20, the discharge valve 12 opens at a predetermined compression position. That is, the discharge valve 12 curves upward and contacts the discharge valve receiver 13.

When the discharge valve 12 is opened, the compressed air is discharged from the discharge hole 7.
Through the discharge port 4 of the cylinder head 2.

In the compression stroke, the piston rings 21 and 22
Of the piston ring contact the lower surfaces of the piston ring grooves 72 and 73
Because it is sealed.

When the piston 20 rises during the compression stroke,
External air passing through each air cleaner is passed through the first air passage.
26, inside the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20
Inhaled.

The chamber 66 contains a gas contained in the air.
Since foreign substances such as strikes stay in the chamber 66, a kind of
Can act as a filter and reduce pressure pulsation
You.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of the present invention .
2 is shown. Hereinafter, differences from the compressor of the first embodiment will be described.

[0078] supporting support member 24, an air passage 26 which communicates with the cylinder 1 and the outside has two, apertures of their air passage 26 is exposed on one side, intake Iriben on its side A valve assembly 80 having 83 is mounted, and an air cleaner 92 is connected to the valve assembly 80 via a pipe 91.

The valve assembly 80 of the suction valve has a flat plate shape.
In addition, two suction holes 82 are formed, and the suction valve 8 is formed on the inner surface.
3 is attached. The suction valve 83 is a thin plate lead
Formed by a valve, forming an elongated rectangular shape, two suction
The hole 82 is closed and both ends are bolted with a valve 84
It is fixed to the attachment 80.

A valve set fixed to the side surface of the support member 24
The two suction holes 82 of the attachment 80 are respectively formed in the air passages 26.
The suction valve 83 is located on the side of the support member 24.
It is arranged in the formed recess 85. Suction valve 83
Is curved inward when opened, and the bottom surface of the recess 85 (the suction valve
Construct the catch. ) Makes the lift amount
Be regulated.

[0081] Thus, in the present embodiment 2, in the suction stroke, the piston 20 is lowered, the air in the cylinder 1, the lower surface of the piston 20 faces the second which is pushed by the piston 20 is formed in the piston 20 Air passage 10
0, it is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the upper surface of the piston 20. Therefore, the compressor of the second embodiment is Ru Hakare the relief of hydraulic power. Further, an increase in the temperature in the cylinder 1 can be suppressed.

In the second embodiment, in addition to the external air sucked through the suction passage 18 of the cylinder head 2 during the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20 is generated by the piston. The second formed on 20
Is drawn into the cylinder 1 where the upper surface of the piston 20 faces through the air passage 100, so that the suction efficiency is high.

The piston 20 is cooled by the air passing through the piston 20.

As described in the first embodiment,
In the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20 is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the upper surface of the piston 20 through the grooves 70 and 71 of the piston rings 21 and 22, so that the operating power is reduced. The temperature in the chamber 1 can be reduced, the suction efficiency can be improved, and ring wear can be reduced.

When the piston 20 rises during the compression stroke, the suction valve 83 opens. That is, the suction valve 83 bends inward and comes into contact with the bottom surface (the suction valve receiver) of the concave portion 85 on the side surface of the support member.

When the suction valve 83 opens, the external air passing through the air cleaner 92 passes through the air passage 26 and is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20.

FIG. 11 shows still another embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Is shown. Hereinafter, differences from the compressor of the first embodiment will be described.

In the third embodiment, the cylinder 1 has a double cylinder structure composed of an inner cylinder 110 and an outer cylinder 120, and the piston 20 is disposed in the inner cylinder 110. The cylinder 1 includes a support member 2 having a lower end fixed to the upper surface of the crankcase 25, as in the first embodiment.
4 and a cylinder head 2 is fixed on the upper surface.

An air passage 111 formed by the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 110 and the inner circumference of the outer cylinder 120 has a plurality of window holes formed by a plurality of cutouts, the lower part of which is formed at the lower end of the inner cylinder 110. It communicates with the inside of the inner cylinder 110 via 112. On the other hand, the valve assembly 5 of the cylinder head 2 has an inner cylinder 110
An annular air passage 113 is formed above the air passage 111 formed between the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120, and communicates with the air passage 111 between the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120. Annular air passage 113 formed in
The air passage 114 is formed in the head body 6 so as to communicate with the suction passage 18 communicating with the inside of the cylinder 1 where the upper surface of the piston 20 faces.

In the third embodiment, the air passage 26 communicating the inside and the outside of the cylinder 1 with the support member 24 is provided.
Is not formed.

Therefore, in the third embodiment, when the piston 20 descends during the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20 is pushed by the piston 20 to pass through the window 112 at the lower end of the inner cylinder 110. The air passage 1 is exhausted and further formed by the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120.
11, it is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the upper surface of the piston 20. Therefore, the compressor according to the third embodiment can reduce the operating power and can suppress a rise in the temperature in the cylinder 1.

In the third embodiment, in addition to the external air sucked through the suction passage 18 of the cylinder head 2 in the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20 is formed inside the cylinder . Formed by the cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120
The air is sucked into the cylinder 1 where the upper surface of the piston 20 faces through the air passage 111 to be drawn, so that the suction efficiency is high.

The air passing through the cylinder 1 cools the cylinder 1.

As described in the first embodiment,
During the suction stroke, the air in the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20 is removed from the air passage 10 formed in the piston 20.
0, and through the grooves 70 and 71 of the piston rings 21 and 22, the air is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the upper surface of the piston 20, so that the operating power is reduced, the temperature inside the cylinder 1 is reduced, and the suction efficiency is improved. In addition, the cooling of the piston 20 is performed, and the ring wear is reduced.

When the piston 20 rises during the compression stroke, air passing through the suction passage 18 of the cylinder head 2 from an air cleaner (not shown) is supplied to the air passage 111 formed by the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120 and the inner cylinder. Through the window hole 112 at the lower end of the piston 110, it is sucked into the cylinder 1 facing the lower surface of the piston 20.

At this time, the cylinder 1 is cooled by the air passing through the air passage 111 of the cylinder 1.

Hereinafter, the results of tests performed on the compressor described in the first to third embodiments and a conventional compressor (compressor using a cross slider crank mechanism having no air passage) will be described.

The test conditions are as follows. Rotational speed: 2500 rpm Reserve tank pressure: 0.92 MPa Operating time: 2 hours

The power consumption of the drive motor and the temperature near the oil seal when the compressor was operated under the above test conditions were measured. The results were as follows. -The power consumption of the compressor of the present invention was reduced by 40 to 50% compared to the conventional compressor.・ The temperature around the oil seal is 140
１５０150 ° C., the compressor of the present invention
0-120 ° C. This temperature is a temperature at which the upper limit of the continuous use temperature of the oil seal can be cleared.

[0100]

As described above, the compressor of the present invention can prevent lubricating oil from being mixed into compressed air. Even without lubrication, the durability of the seal ring (piston ring) mounted on the piston and the cylinder can be maintained. Further, generation of vibration and noise can be suppressed. further,
The working power can be reduced and the suction efficiency can be improved, and the temperature inside the cylinder and the piston can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, and is a partial cross-sectional front view of a compressor.

2A is a right side view, partly in cross section, showing a part of the compressor, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of a slider.

FIG. 3 is a partially sectional plan view showing a crankcase portion.

4A and 4B show a suction valve and a discharge valve on a cylinder head side, wherein FIG. 4A is a bottom view showing a valve assembly to which the valve is attached, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a longitudinal sectional view showing a portion of the discharge valve attached to the valve assembly.

FIG. 5 shows a piston ring, (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a longitudinal sectional view.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an operating state of a piston ring;
(A) shows the time of the suction stroke, and (b) shows the time of the compression stroke.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a piston portion.

FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a check valve and a valve receiver, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an upper surface of a piston.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention , and is a partial cross-sectional front view of a compressor.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of a suction valve fixed to a support member.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a compressor, showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... cylinder, 1a ... cylinder inner wall, 2 ... cylinder head, 3 ... inlet, 4 ... discharge port, 5,8 0 ...
Valve assembly, 5a mounting hole, 6 head body, 7
· Discharge hole, 8,82 ... suction hole, 9,83 ... suction valve, 10 ... catch, 11 ... setscrew, 1 2 ... discharge valve, receiving 1 3 ... discharge valve, 14, 8 4-bolt, 15
..Notch, 16 ·· Space, 17 ·· Discharge passage, 18
..Intake passage, 20..piston, 21,22..piston ring, 23..piston rod, 24..support member, 25..crankcase, 26,100,111 ..
· Air passage, 27 · · · crankshaft, 28 · · · bearing, 29 · · · crank arm, 30 · · · crankpin,
31 ・ ・ Slider, 32 ・ ・ Metal, 33 ・ ・ Slider frame, 34 ・ ・ Window, 35 ・ ・ Cr plating, 36 、
37 guide rods, 38, 39 guide rod insertion holes, 4
0, 41 guide bush, 42, 43 through hole, 4
4,51 ... oil supply port, 45,46,47,48,4
9, 52, 54 ... oil supply path, 50 ... oil discharge path, 53
..Oil holes, 55..Oil grooves, 56..Circular recesses, 57 ..
Oil seals, 60, 66 chambers, 61, 62,
64,65,6 7-and piping, 63,6 8 ... air cleaner, 70, 71 ... groove, 72, 73 ... piston ring groove, 85 ... concave portion, 101 ... non-return valve, 101a ... rectangular Plate piece, 102 ... valve receiver, 102a ... warped part, 1
03 ··· Set screw, 104 ·· Recessed groove, 105 ·· O-ring, 106 ··· Valve means, 110 ··· Inner cylinder, 112 ··· Window hole, 113,114 ··· Air passage, 120 ··· Outer cylinder.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masayuki Koizumi 1-9-9 Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Imperial Piston Ring Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kento Sakurai 1-9-9 Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. Teikoku Piston Ring Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-8-326658 (JP, A) JP-A-5-14573 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) ) F04B 39/12 101 F04B 39/12 F04B 35/01 F04B 39/00 104

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. A piston reciprocates in a cylinder by a crank mechanism, air is sucked from a suction hole into a cylinder facing an upper surface of the piston during a suction stroke, and the air is compressed and discharged from a discharge hole during a compression stroke. A compressor in which the crank mechanism comprises a cross-slider crank mechanism, wherein a seal is provided between the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the crankcase, wherein a first air passage communicating between the inside of the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston and the outside is provided. has, the air passage is the peak
Acts as a passage for exhaust and intake to piston of the lower surface faces the cylinder, and a second air passage through the upper and lower surfaces on said piston forming
And a check valve is provided on the top side of the piston.
The check valve closes the second air passage.
A compressor configured to close and open only during a suction stroke . Wherein said first air passage, the compressor according to claim 1, wherein the provided one or more. 3. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the first air passage communicates with a suction passage communicating with a cylinder in which an upper surface of the piston faces. 4. It has a plurality of said first air passages,
2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein only a part of the air passages communicates with a suction passage communicating with a cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston. 5. The compressor according to claim 4, wherein an air cleaner is connected to the first air passage not communicating with a suction passage communicating with a cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston. . 6. An air passage communicating with the outside is connected in the middle of a communication passage between the suction passage communicating with the cylinder facing the upper surface of the piston and the first air passage, and an air cleaner is connected to the air passage. The compressor according to claim 5, wherein is connected. 7. said first air passage, in the middle of the communication passage between the suction passage upper surface of the piston is in communication with the cylinder facing, claim, characterized in that the chamber is provided 3- 7. The compressor according to any one of 6 . 8. A piston reciprocates in a cylinder by a crank mechanism, air is sucked from a suction hole into a cylinder facing an upper surface of the piston in a suction stroke, and the air is compressed and discharged from a discharge hole in a compression stroke. A compressor in which the crank mechanism is a cross-slider crank mechanism, and a gap between the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the crankcase is sealed, wherein the cylinder has a double cylinder structure including an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, A piston is disposed in the inner cylinder, and an air passage formed by the outer periphery of the inner cylinder and the inner periphery of the outer cylinder is formed in the inner cylinder through a window formed in a lower portion of the inner cylinder. And a suction passage communicating with a suction passage communicating with the cylinder and facing the upper surface of the piston. 9. A second air passage which penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the piston is formed, and a check valve is provided on an upper surface side of the piston. second
9. The compressor according to claim 8 , wherein the air passage is closed and opened only during a suction stroke. 10. A piston reciprocates in a cylinder by a crank mechanism, air is sucked from a suction hole into a cylinder facing an upper surface of the piston during a suction stroke, and the air is compressed and discharged from a discharge hole during a compression stroke. A compressor in which the crank mechanism comprises a cross-slider crank mechanism, wherein a seal is provided between the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the crankcase. A check valve is provided on the upper surface side, the check valve is configured to close the air passage and open only at the time of a suction stroke, and inside and outside the cylinder facing the lower surface of the piston. the has an air passage for the suction communicating, compressor, wherein a suction valve is attached to the air passage for the suction. 11. The piston ring mounted on the piston is formed with a groove extending in a radial direction from an inner periphery to an outer periphery on an upper surface of the piston ring.
11. The compressor according to any one of 10 above.