JP3012543B2 - Extrusion molding method and extrusion molding apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extruding a shape or the like from an ingot introduced into a lumen of an ingot container by an extrusion stem fed in an extrusion direction into a molding opening of a die. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device which is particularly suitable for this purpose.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION During the extrusion process, a material in a ductile state with respect to metals, such as non-ferrous metals, sintered metal or steel, particularly aluminum alloy heated ingots or rolls, is extruded by an extrusion stem. Alternatively, in the case of hydraulic extrusion, the fluid is pressed through one or more openings in the die in the extrusion direction. In the case of direct or forward extrusion, the stem moves in the direction of the die opening and in the same direction as the resulting profile. In the case of indirect or backward extrusion, the material moves through a die attached to the hollow stem in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the stem.

[0003] In the case of direct extrusion, when the end of the stem reaches the die, the so-called ingot tail, which is a somewhat degraded metal, is at the rear of the die, ie between the die and the stem. Remains. The butt (tail) is typically removed by a shearing tool that can move radially with respect to the die before the next ingot can be pushed into the ingot container and pressed against the die surface by the stem. The stem is usually retracted. Thus, the actual extrusion process can be performed continuously.

[0004] Metal ingots, particularly ingots of aluminum alloys, are covered with contaminants such as residual lubricants and oxide layers. Experiments have shown that oxide particles at the end of the ingot are extremely harmful when mixed into the resulting profile. The oxide-contaminated zones contained in the profile are relatively long, depending on the shape of the profile and the extrusion speed. Thus, as the required quality increases, the length of the profile that the manufacturer scraps increases. The resulting productivity is reduced and cost-effectiveness is reduced. Many attempts have been made to eliminate this problem, none of which has been successful.

[0005]

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for extruding an aluminum alloy,
The elimination of a contaminant zone created between two adjacent ingots or billets.

[0006] The above objective is accomplished by the present invention according to the independent claims. The dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the invention.

[0007]

According to the present invention, before the front end of the ingot enters the die opening, the ingot is first compressed and slightly extruded from the ingot container in the direction of extrusion, for example, 10 mm. Following this, the disk-shaped slice is removed from the free end of the ingot by shearing. The free end of the ingot is then advanced to the die opening or to the rear end of the profile being manufactured.

[0008] By removing this front portion of the ingot, the oxide layer on this portion is also removed, resulting in a condition where the tip of the ingot, which is completely uncontaminated, is quickly advanced to the die. There is no risk of contamination due to contamination and no risk of wasting a predetermined length of the profile.

In order to eliminate the delay between the shearing process and the continuation of the extrusion process, removal of the ingot edge must be performed simultaneously with the normal shearing of the ingot tail on the die surface. For this purpose, after extruding the ingot, the die and the ingot container must be moved away from each other along their common axis. When the adjacent ends of the die and ingot container are secured together, shearing of the ingot tail and the ingot end can occur.

Of particular importance according to the invention is the shearing of the new ingot surface during extrusion of the profile. The cross section of the profile is at least partially larger than the cross section of the ingot itself. Large and wide profiles are extruded from small diameter ingots using the so-called spreader technology.
This allows the cross-section of the material of the ingot to expand in the preforming chamber before entering the actual die opening. The spreading of the material takes place in certain areas and becomes narrower in the cross-sectional profile, also forming a narrow cross-section.

The device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises a shearing tool at the end of the ingot container facing the die, the blade of the shearing tool or a suitable separating means being provided at the outlet from the bore of the ingot container. It is characterized by being able to pass above. In this connection, it is advantageous to secure the ingot container movable along its axis to the radial line of movement of the shearing tool.

As mentioned above, the time between removing the ingot end facing the die and advancing the sheared ingot surface to the end of the section being manufactured should be as short as possible. To do this, the distance between adjacent end faces of the ingot container and the die must be fixed. This allows shearing with two blades in the resulting gap whose width has been precisely determined, while simultaneously removing the residual butt of the extruded ingot and the front end of the next ingot. These ingot slices can be returned to the refinery. The removed harmful oxide particles and materials are reused for manufacturing purposes.

According to another feature of the invention, the distance between the two shear blades is adjustable. For example, a deviation from a predetermined size of the gap determined by monitoring with a laser beam can be corrected.

The means for guiding the shearing means are advantageously provided on the front face of the ingot container, especially if a conventional ring-shaped length of ingot container sleeve projects from the bore of the ingot container. . According to the invention, the size of the preforming chamber arranged upstream of the die for the purpose of extruding an aluminum ingot using the so-called spreader method depends on the extrusion direction from the diameter of the bore of the ingot container to the die opening. An axis extending transversely to at least one of the planes extending in the direction of extrusion.

[0015] In one embodiment of the preforming chamber, the cross section thereof is tapered in a direction on both sides of another axis crossing the first axis. In this area, the amount of material required is less than or equal to the amount provided by the extruded ingot, and excess material is diverted to another axis.

It has been found particularly advantageous to arrange both axes perpendicular to one another and to arrange these axes as lines of symmetry, thereby equalizing the distribution of excess material.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, spacer means are provided in the gap between the die and the ingot container. The spacer means can be advanced into or retracted from the gap transversely to the direction of extrusion. The die and ingot container face the spacer. The present invention allows for quick and trouble-free positioning of ingot container / die pairs.

A preferred embodiment of the spacer means is characterized by having at least one insert such as a stop plate extending in the direction of extrusion. The edges of this insert are arranged transverse to the direction of extrusion and act as stops for the die and ingot container. Specifically, the two stop plates must be joined by at least one yoke, which must be connected to a drive mechanism, such as a movable set of rods. The stop plate is located on the side of the separating means.

The movement of the spacer means is performed independently of the shearing means and is moved into the gap between the ingot container and the die. After this movement, the ingot container is moved to the stop plate until the ingot container stops on the other side from the die. Therefore, a mechanical, time-consuming, handling procedure that locks the ingot container in place is:
No longer needed.

If the shearing means known in the prior patent application with two spaced shearing devices is provided, the width of the stop plate is approximately equal to the width of the shearing device with two shearing blades. Equally, ie, the shearing device is, for example, 1 mm narrower than the stop plate to provide sufficient play for the shearing blade or shearing operation.
The movement of the spacer means and the shearing means is performed separately from each other when the shearing operation is performed by moving the shearing means into the stationary spacer means during operation.

The independence of the shearing means and the spacer means is maintained for other designs, the spacer means being in the form of a groove-shaped section open at least at one end, as a flange and a stop for the die and the ingot container. Has a working base. The cross section of the flange extends parallel to the direction of extrusion and, in the operating or shearing position, is on either side of the ingot bat. In this operating position, the ingot container / shear before the ingot bat is not necessarily perfectly flat
The channel-shaped profile / die arrangement is advantageously inside the profile, so that the outer surface of the base of the channel is facing the ingot or its end slice.

Accordingly, it has been found desirable to form a recess on the outside of the base of the channel to accommodate the end slice of the ingot oriented in the extrusion direction. Usually, a depth of about 10 mm is sufficient for this recess.

To enable the shear blades to be introduced into the profile and into the recesses, the profile is provided with openings for each shear blade of the shearing means. Both openings are provided on both sides of the profile, along the long edge of the channel profile.

In the case of a shearing means having two shearing blades separated by a predetermined distance, the lengths of these blades are different so that they cut into the ingot bat and the ingot front end slice at different moments. I have. Thereby, the shear blade adjacent to the die is preferably longer than the blade adjacent to the ingot container.

Other advantages, features and details of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A main cylinder 14 of an extrusion press 10 for directly extruding a profile 12 has a longitudinal axis A of a lumen 19 passing through an ingot container 18 as shown in FIG. And has a press stem 16 extending therefrom.
Dummy block 17 provided on the free end face of stem 16
Is slightly smaller than the free lumen diameter d1, so that the stem 16 can penetrate the lumen of the ingot container. The above-mentioned bore diameter d1 is constituted by the inner surface 20 of the sleeve 21 inserted into the ingot container 18, that is, the lumen 19 of the ingot container. In the text below, the sleeve 21
Is referred to as an ingot container lumen 22.

The front part 23 of the ingot container and the dummy block 1 in the inoperative position of the stem 16 (not shown in this figure)
The maximum distance between the ingot container 7 and the light metal billet or ingot 24, specifically a preheated aluminum alloy, is aligned by the loader 26 with the front of the ingot container lumen 22, which is pushed by the stem 16 in the extrusion direction x. Is a distance that can be pushed into the ingot container lumen 22.

In the vicinity of the ingot container end surface 23a far from the stem 16, the die holder 2 of the extrusion platen 30 is disposed.
8 is provided with a forming die 32. With respect to the extrusion direction x, the die continues to the take-out channel 34. The profile 12 shaped by the contour 31 of the die 32 is removed through this channel.

As shown in FIG. 1, on the end surface 23a of the ingot container is provided a jacking system 36 for shearing means 38 which moves radially to the gap 40 between the ingot container 18 and the die 32. ing.

At the end of the extrusion process (see FIG. 2), a so-called ingot tail is formed at the end of the ingot container lumen 22 remote from the stem 16. In FIG. 2, the dummy block 17 has been retracted rearward from the tail 42 of the ingot. The collar-shaped protrusion 44 formed by the protrusion length of the ingot container sleeve 21 allows the die surface 33 to be formed.
Stops at a predetermined distance from the front end 23a of the ingot container. Furthermore, at the rear end 23 of the ingot container, an annular collar-like projection 46 acting as a projection length of the ingot container sleeve 21 surrounds the ingot container lumen 22.

When a new ingot 24 is inserted, the free end of the tail 42 of the ingot has a thickness of, for example, about 80 mm.
It is. The rear end distance e of the ingot material 24 is 2 at the maximum.
It goes up to 0mm.

Next, the ingot container 18 is pulled backward until the bat 42 becomes free (see FIG. 5). When the ingot 24 protrudes from the collar-like protrusion by a length t of about 10 mm beyond the collar-like protrusion 44 as shown in FIG. This is to prevent the ingot 24 from being sheared by the shearing tool 38 in the subsequent shearing step.

Prior to performing the shearing process, the rear surface 33 of the die
Alternatively, the ingot container 18 is pulled in the direction opposite to the extrusion direction x until the die 32 itself is at a predetermined distance n from the end surface 23a of the ingot container 18. Ingot container 1
8 and die 32 are temporarily fixed in this position.

As shown in FIG. 6, by lowering the pair of shear blades 39, 39a of the shearing tool 38, the butt 42 and the end slice 4 of the projecting length t of the ingot 24 are lowered.
8 are removed at the same time, thereby removing the end face 49 at the downstream end of the ingot 24. Before the shearing step described above,
An oxide layer has been formed on end face 49 and the end face oxide particles that form undesirable impurities in the resulting profile 12 have not been removed.

To ensure accurate alignment of the shearing tool 38, a vertical alignment strip 50 is provided on the end surface 23a of the ingot container 18 above the collar projection 44. The thickness of the alignment strip 50 corresponds to the thickness h of the collar projection 44.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the bat 42 and the ingot end surface 49 remain close together, so that the width i of the shear blade 38a can be kept very small. As a result, the distance between the new oxide-free ingot end and the profile end that are simultaneously spaced from the ingot tail 42 can be made very small.

After the shearing operation, the ingot container 18 is again moved toward the die 32 and the extrusion process is restarted from the beginning. The die 32 according to the mode shown in FIG.
2 The die ring forms a preform chamber 54 into which ductile ingot material is introduced. The ductile ingot material enters from the chamber into the slit-like opening 31 in the embodiment shown in FIG. The horizontal longitudinal dimension q of the slit opening 31 is, for example, 75
0 mm, which is larger than the lumen diameter d1 of 520 mm. The height z of the opening 31 measured on the central plane in the extrusion direction x of the predetermined vertical central axis M is only 240 mm.
The size of the die opening 31 increases on both sides from the central axis M, which forms a line of symmetry like the transverse axis Q, and has a maximum height z1.
Then it becomes 280mm. This is the ingot container lumen 22
FIG. 9 shows two cross points with the longitudinal contour 31a of the die opening 31 by the contour 22a of FIG. Outside that, the end contour 3 of the die opening 31
In 1e, the slice has a circular shape.

The outline 56 of the chamber wall 58 viewed from the side
Is a straight line connecting the contours 22a of the ingot container lumen 22 as shown in FIG. 10, and a curved base contour 56b having a circular slice and a curved upper contour 56f opposed thereto are shown in FIG. As shown in the die opening 3
It forms a conical shape that tapers towards 1. The three-dimensional shape of the chamber wall 58 is shown in FIG.

By the so-called spreader technique, a large wide profile 12 can be formed from a relatively narrow width of the ingot container bore 22. Using this method and preform chamber 54, such profiles can be manufactured from circular ingot containers 18 using dies 32 designed for rectangular ingot containers.

The two-blade shearing means 38 preferably comprises
A blade plate 37 near the die 32 and a blade flange 37a attached to the blade plate as shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, having shear blades 39, 39a of different lengths f, f1. The blade 39a of the blade plate 37 for the ingot butt 42 is longer than the blade 39 adjacent to the ingot container 18. Blade 3
9 slides along the contact strip 50a.

In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 14, the ingot butt 42 and the front end surface 49 of the ingot are close to each other, so that the width i of the shearing tool 38a can be kept very small. Thus, the distance between the new ingot end without oxide formed by removing the end slice 48 and the profile end from which the ingot bat 42 was simultaneously removed is very small.

After the shearing operation is completed, the ingot container 18 can be advanced again to the die 32 and the extrusion process can be restarted from the beginning. FIG. 16 shows a two-blade shearing tool 3 having a width i.
8, the drive ram 36 has passed a rectangular yoke 70 with some play. The yoke 70 then
It is fixedly attached to the jacking rod 72, and is provided at each end with a stop plate or spacer plate 74 having a width of m. The width m of the spacer plate is slightly larger than the width i of the two-blade shearing tool 38. This spacer means, consisting of a yoke 70, a jacking rod 72 and a spacer plate 74, is lowered into the gap 40 between the ingot container 18 and the die 32 to determine the effective distance from each other. This allows the long edge 75 of the spacer means 76 to extend transversely to the extrusion direction x.
Form a stop. The spacer means and the two-blade shearing tool 38 are driven by a drive mechanism not shown here.
It can be moved up and down independently of each other.

Similarly, a groove-shaped profile 78 which is open at both ends, for example pushed in from the side, serves as a position stop and is used to fix the distance n, ie the width, of the gap 40. Sectional length mh of flange 79 of groove-shaped profile 78
a, Determine the gap width n mentioned above.

In the operating position, the flange 79 is located on the side of the ingot bat. The ingot bat is placed in the inner part of the profile or channel 82. This channel is bounded on the other side by a profile base 80. A flat recess 84 with a depth c of about 10 mm is provided in the profile base 80 in the direction toward the ingot container 18. This recess 84 is for the front end slice 48 of the ingot. The recess 84 opens to the shear blade 39 so that the shear blade can be lowered onto the end slice 49 through the edge slit 86. Furthermore, an entry opening 88 for the other shearing blade 39a is provided in the interior 82 of the profile. Both entry slits 86, 88 are provided on both sides of the channel-shaped profile 78 and are aligned with each other along the long edge 90 of the channel-shaped profile 78.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an extrusion press provided with a horizontal stem.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the component of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the illustrated ingot container with the stem upstream and the die tool downstream with respect to the direction of extrusion.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to FIG. 3, with the ingot container and the stem in different positions.

5 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to FIG. 3, with the ingot container and the stem in different positions.

FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a shearing tool disposed between an ingot container and a die tool.

FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of a shearing tool disposed between an ingot container and a die tool.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of a die tool having a preforming chamber for performing extrusion using a so-called spreader technique.

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the direction of extrusion of the preforming chamber ending at the die opening.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the preforming chamber along line Q.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the preforming chamber along a line M.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical surface for material flow in a die.

FIG. 13 is a view showing another embodiment of the shearing means disposed between the ingot container and the die tool.

FIG. 14 is a view showing another embodiment of the shearing means disposed between the ingot container and the die tool.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged end view of the shearing means shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a two-blade shearing tool with an ingot container and a spacer for a die.

FIG. 17 is a view of the ingot container and the die corresponding to the ingot container and the die of FIG. 13, in which a spacer having another configuration is arranged between the ingot container and the die.

18 is an enlarged perspective view of the spacer shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Extrusion press 12 Shaped material 14 Main cylinder 16 Press stem 17 Dummy block 18 Ingot container 19 Lumen 21 Sleeve 22 Ingot container lumen 24 Ingot 26 Loading machine 28 Die holder 30 Extrusion platen 32 Molding die

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (73) Patentee 591059652 Badische Bahnhofst race 16, CH-8212 Neuhausen am Rheinfall, Switzerland (72) Inventor Adolf Ames Germany-78351 Hildingen-Ducht, Germany Oberdorfstrasse 7 (72) Inventor Wolf Hoder D-78234 Engen, Helene-Roth-Strasse 2 (72) Inventor Gregore Rothsinger D-78224 Zingen-Fridingen, Boilenerstrasse 30a (56) Reference JP-A-7-323329 (JP, A) JP-A-4-251610 (JP, A) Flat 7-102389 (JP, B2) (58 ) investigated the field (Int.Cl. ^7, DB name) B21C 33/00 B21B 27/00 B21C 35/04

Claims (30)

(57) [Claims] 1. An extrusion molding method for extruding a shape or the like from an ingot, wherein the ingot is introduced into an inner cavity of an ingot container, is sent in an extrusion direction by an extrusion stem, and is used for forming a die. In the extrusion method, which is fed into the opening, before the ingot enters the forming opening of the die,
The ingot is pressed in the extrusion direction to cause the ingot to protrude from the ingot container in a collar shape. Here, the free end of the ingot is sheared and removed, and then the ingot is molded into the die. An extrusion method for extruding a shape or the like from an ingot, characterized by being introduced into an opening for use. 2. When the ingot is extruded, the tail of the ingot remaining on the surface of the die opposite to the direction of extrusion of the ingot is removed by shearing the free end of the ingot into a flake. The extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion is performed by shearing. 3. The extrusion molding according to claim 1, wherein an end of the ingot is brought into contact with an end of the profile located inside the die immediately after the shearing step. Method. 4. Before performing the shearing step, the ingot container and the forming die are moved so as to be separated from each other along a common axis, and adjacent end faces of the ingot container and the forming die are fixed to a predetermined position. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light source is temporarily fixed at a distance.
Extrusion molding method described in 1. 5. The material forming the ingot is expanded so as to form a narrow cross section in a predetermined region in the preforming chamber before entering the forming opening of the die. The extrusion molding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a contour of the cross section is reduced. 6. Before entering the shaping opening of the die, the ingot is defined by an axis extending transversely to the extrusion direction and extending at least in the extrusion direction. In one plane, the ingot is widened, and the ingot is narrowed in at least one other plane extending in the extrusion direction and transverse to the at least one plane. The extrusion molding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: 7. An extruder for extruding an article such as a profile (12) from an ingot (24), said extruder comprising an ingot (24) introduced into a lumen (22) of an ingot container (18). ) From the extrusion stem (16)
6. It is configured to be fed in the extrusion direction (x) by means of a die (32) and into the forming opening (31) of the die (32), in particular according to any one of the preceding claims. In said extrusion apparatus for carrying out the extrusion method, a shearing tool (38, 38a) is provided behind the end (23a) of the ingot container (18) facing the die (32) and is movable. An extrusion apparatus, characterized in that a separating means, such as a shearing blade (39), is arranged above the inlet of the ingot container lumen (22). 8. The extruder according to claim 7, wherein the end (23a) of the ingot container (18) is fixable to a radial movement line of the shearing blade (39). apparatus. 9. A die (32) and an ingot container (1) according to claim 7 or 8, which are relatively axially movable.
8), the die (3)
2) and the adjacent end face (3) of the ingot container (18).
3, 23a) wherein said distance (n) is adjustable and fixable. 10. The shearing tool (38) having two shearing blades (39, 39a) parallel to one another and separated by a predetermined distance (i). 5. The extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 1. 11. The distance (i) between said shearing blades (39, 39a) is adjustable.
The extrusion molding device according to claim 10. 12. At least one alignment means (50) for aligning a shearing tool (38) with said ingot container (18) is provided at the end (23a) of the ingot container (18).
The extrusion molding device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the extrusion molding device is provided in (1). 13. A collar-shaped projection (44) of a sleeve (21) constituting a lumen (22) of the ingot container projects from an end (23a) of the ingot container (18).
13. The extruder according to any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein a front of an alignment means (50) for aligning a shearing tool (38) with the ingot container (18) is provided with a collar. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that it is flush with the edge of the projection (44). 14. A preforming chamber (54) is provided between the ingot container (18) and the die (32), the width of the preforming chamber being at least one extending in the extrusion direction (x). 8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in one of the planes (Q), the diameter of the cavity (22) of the ingot container increases from the diameter (d1) toward the forming opening (31) of the die. The extrusion molding apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 13. 15. The cross-section of said preforming chamber (54) extends in a central plane (M) extending transversely to said plane (Q) and extending in the extrusion direction (x). 15. The extruder according to claim 14, characterized in that it is inclined. 16. The central plane (M) extends through the lumen (22) of the ingot container along a longitudinal axis (A) and at right angles to a transverse plane (Q), The extrusion device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that it forms a plane of symmetry of the wall (58) of the preforming chamber (54). 17. A spacer means (76, 78) is provided in said gap (40) between said die (32) and said ingot container (18), said spacer means being provided in said pushing direction (x). 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the die and the ingot container are configured to be able to advance into the gap in a lateral direction with respect to and to be retractable from the gap, and the die and the ingot container face the spacer. 9. Extrusion equipment. 18. The spacer means (76) has at least one stop plate (74) extending in the extrusion direction (x), the stop plate being arranged transversely to the extrusion direction. The edge (75) of
2. A function as a stopping means for said die (32) and said ingot container (18).
8. The extrusion molding device according to 7. 19. Two stop plates (74) are joined by at least one yoke (70), said yoke being connected to a drive mechanism such as a set of drive rods (72). The extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 18, wherein: 20. The extruder according to claim 19, wherein the stop plate is located beside the shearing means (38, 38a or 39, 39a). 21. A shearing means comprising two shearing blades mounted on a set of drive rods and spaced apart from one another by a predetermined distance. The width (m) of said stop plate (74) substantially corresponds to the width (i1) of a shearing device (38, 38a) having two shearing blades (39, 39a). Claim 1
21. The extrusion molding apparatus according to any one of 7 to 20. 22. The extruder according to claim 21, wherein the set of drive rods (36) passes with play through the yoke (70). 23. The method according to claim 17, wherein the spacer means (76) and the shearing means (38, 38a) can be moved independently of one another. Extrusion equipment. 24. The spacer means (76) is characterized by a groove-shaped profile (78) having a flange (79), wherein the groove-shaped profile (78) is open at at least one end, The base (80) of the profile (78) functions as a stopper for the ingot container (18) and the die (32), and the plurality of flanges (79) of the groove-shaped profile (78) are The extrusion device according to claim 17, characterized in that it extends parallel to the direction. 25. The flange (79) of the channel-shaped section (78) is configured such that when the channel-shaped section is placed in a shearing position, both sides of the tail (42) of the ingot and the die (79). The contact is made at the position of (32).
5. The extrusion molding device according to 4. 26. On the outside of said base (80) of said channel-shaped profile (78), flaky shear fragments (from the end of said ingot (24) oriented in said extrusion direction (x)). 4
Extruder according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that a recess (84) is provided for accommodating 8). 27. The recess (84) is open at one end and parallel to the interior (82) of the profile (82).
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is open to the open end of the device.
7. The extrusion molding apparatus according to 6. 28. Access openings (88, 86) for said shearing device (38, 38a) which can be moved individually.
The interior (82) and the recess (84) of the profile
28, characterized in that the two entry openings are arranged on both sides of the profile and are aligned with one another on the long edge (90) of the channel-shaped profile. The extrusion molding apparatus according to any one of the above. 29. The method according to claim 17, further comprising a shearing device.
The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shearing device comprises two shearing blades, spaced apart by a predetermined distance and extending in the same direction, wherein the shearing blades (39, 39a) are The extrusion device according to any one of claims 17 to 28, characterized in that the lengths (f1, f1) are different. 30. The shearing blade (39a) facing the die (32) is longer than the shearing blade (39) facing the ingot container (18). Extrusion equipment.