JP3005024B2 - Friction charging member - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to friction having a function of imparting triboelectric charging to an electrostatic image developing toner used in electrophotography, electrostatic printing, and the like. The present invention relates to a charge applying member, a carrier that applies frictional charge to toner, a transfer regulating member such as a sleeve and a doctor blade, and other frictional charge applying members.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-147261, a method of developing an electrostatic image using toner is roughly divided into a so-called two-component developer in which a toner and a carrier are mixed. There is a method and a method using a one-component developer which is used alone without being mixed with the carrier.

In the above method, the toner and the carrier are charged with different polarities by stirring and friction with each other, and an electrostatic charge image having the opposite polarity is visualized by the charged toner. By
There are a magnet brush method using an iron powder carrier, a cascade method using a bead carrier, a fur brush method, and the like.

The latter one-component developing method includes a powder cloud method in which toner particles are used in a spray state, a contact developing method in which toner particles are brought into direct contact with an electrostatic latent image surface for development (also referred to as touch-down development), There is an induction development method in which a magnetic conductive toner is brought into contact with an electrostatic latent image surface.

As a toner applied to these various developing methods, fine powder in which a coloring agent such as carbon black is dispersed in a binder resin made of a natural resin or a synthetic resin is used. For example, particles obtained by finely pulverizing a dispersion of a colorant in a binder resin such as polystyrene to about 1 to 30 μm are used as toner. Further, those in which a magnetic material such as magnetite is further added to these components are used as a magnetic toner.

As described above, the toner used in various developing methods has positive or negative charges depending on the polarity of the electrostatic latent image to be developed. Although it is possible to use the triboelectrification property of the resin as a component, in this method, since the chargeability of the toner is small, an image obtained by development is easily fogged,
It becomes unclear. Therefore, in order to impart a desired triboelectric charging property to the toner, a dye, a pigment, or a charge control agent that imparts charging property is added.

However, dyes and pigments or charge control agents added to these toners have to be exposed to some extent on the toner surface in order to impart chargeability. Therefore, due to friction between the toners, collision with the carrier, friction with the electrostatic latent image holder, etc., these additives drop off from the toner surface and contaminate the carrier, etc., and the electrostatic latent image holder, for example, the photoreceptor belt Alternatively, contamination of the drum and the like occurs. As a result, the chargeability deteriorates, and as the number of endurable sheets increases, the deterioration proceeds, the image density decreases, and fine line reproducibility, fogging and the like become practical problems.

Therefore, the above problems have been solved by improving the affinity and dispersibility of the binder resin of the toner with a dye or pigment for imparting chargeability or a charge control agent.
For example, there is a method in which these additives are subjected to a surface treatment in order to increase the affinity. However, when the surface treatment is performed, the charge imparting property often decreases. In order to improve the dispersibility, there is a method in which the mechanical shear force is strengthened to disperse finely. However, the ratio of the additive which appears on the toner surface decreases, and the chargeability tends to be insufficiently provided.

From these facts, there are very limited additives for imparting electric charge that are sufficiently satisfactory for practical use, and the number of practically used additives is small.

In addition, to obtain not only black and white images but also color images,
It is preferable that the colorant added to the toner is colorless, but most of the dyes, pigments or charge control agents conventionally used are dark colors. Intense research is ongoing.

Therefore, it has been proposed that the charging is not performed by using the additive of the toner, but by using a transfer regulating member such as a carrier, a sleeve, or a doctor blade, or another frictional charging member.

Here, the triboelectric charging member refers to a member capable of applying or assisting the charge required for development by contacting the toner. Hereinafter, these members are collectively referred to as a triboelectric charging member.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a triboelectric charging member that imparts excellent positive chargeability, overcoming the conventional disadvantages.
Still another object is to provide a triboelectric charging member suitable for charging a vivid color toner, and even after continuous copying,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a triboelectric charging member that provides image quality equivalent to an initial image.

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that a specific fluorine-containing compound is effective, and have reached the present invention.

That is, the present invention is a triboelectric charging member characterized by having a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following general formula (1) and / or (2) on at least the surface.

General formula (1) (However, R _{1 represents} H, an alkyl group, an aryl group, n represents a positive integer.) General formula (2) (However, R _{2 represents} H, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group, and m represents a positive integer.) In the present invention, the compounds represented by the above general formulas (1) and (2) are It may be used by dispersing it in a solvent or a dispersion medium as it is, or may be used by dispersing it in a resin. As such a resin, general resins can be used, for example, polystyrene, polyacrylate,
Rubber resins such as polymethacrylic acid ester, polyacrylonitrile, polyisoprene and polybutadiene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, epoxy resin, polycarbonate, rosin, phenol resin, chlorinated paraffin, silicone resin Teflon, and derivatives thereof Or a copolymer thereof, or a mixture thereof.

Dipping the coating liquid on the base material of the triboelectric charging member,
When applied by a spray method, brush coating, or the like, and dried, the triboelectric charging member of the present invention is obtained. Further, a resin in which the above compound is dispersed may be molded as it is to form a triboelectric charging member. In this case, silica, carbon, carbon fiber,
An inorganic filler such as glass fiber may be contained. As the base material of the triboelectric charging member in the form of a carrier, all known carriers can be used, and metals or alloys such as iron, nickel, and aluminum, particles of a metal compound such as a metal oxide, and further, glass, silicon carbide, and the like. Ceramic particles such as are used. Furthermore, as a base material of the triboelectric charging member in the form of a sleeve or a doctor blade, a conventionally used sleeve or doctor blade such as a metal or alloy such as iron, aluminum, and stainless steel, and a nonmetallic compound such as plastic and rubber is used. it can.

The compound of the general formula (1) used in the present invention includes:
There are the following.

The compounds represented by the general formula (2) include the following.

Examples of the charge-imparting agent that is added to the frictional-charge-imparting member as described above are as follows. For example,
Metal complex salts of monoazo dyes, nitrohumic acid and its salts,
Metal complexes of salicylic acid, naphthoic acid, dicarboxylic acid such as Co, Cr, Fe, etc., sulfonated copper phthalocyanine pigment, nitro group, styrene oligomer into which halogen is introduced, chlorinated paraffin, melamine resin and the like.

As the toner used in combination with the frictional charging member of the present invention as described above, those used as conventional electrophotographic toners can be used. That is, the toner may be magnetic or non-magnetic. More specifically, the toner is a colored fine particle in which a colorant is contained in a binder resin, and may contain a magnetic powder as needed. Further, these toners may contain a small amount of a charge imparting agent, for example, a dye / pigment, a charge control agent, etc., in order to give more efficient charge imparting, but may contain much less than conventional ones. Examples of the charge-imparting agent include nigrosine, an azine dye having an alkyl group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-1627), a basic dye, a lake pigment of a basic dye, CI Solvent Black 3 Hansa Yellow GCI Moldelant Black 1
1, CI Pigment Black 1, Gilsonite, asphalt, quaternary ammonium salt, metal salt of higher fatty acid, metal complex of acetylacetone, polyamine resin such as vinyl polymer containing amino group, condensation polymer containing amino group, etc. is there.

Also, if necessary, fluidizing agents such as colloidal silica, titanium oxide, metal oxides such as aluminum oxide,
An abrasive such as silicon carbide and a lubricant such as a fatty acid metal salt may be contained.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Exemplified compound (1) -1 was placed in 1 liter of toluene.
30 g and 70 g of a styrene-MMA copolymer were dissolved and dispersed, and this was coated on 5 kg of a spherical ferrite carrier (average particle size: 100 μm) using a fluidized bed coating apparatus.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts CI Pigment Blue 15 5 parts The mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified,
A blue toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 2.5 parts of the toner, 97.5 parts of the carrier was mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by a blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +16.5 μC / g, and the charge amount of the toner after running 100,000 sheets was 14.8 μC / g, which is almost the same as the initial value. Was. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 2 A coated carrier was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the exemplified compound (1) -2 was used.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts Carbon black 10 parts The mixture of the above composition was kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified, and
A black toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 3 parts of this toner, 97 parts of the carrier were mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by a blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +15.8 μC / g, and the toner charge amount after running 100,000 sheets was 15.1 μC / g, which was almost the same as the initial value. Was. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 3 100 g of a silicone resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the exemplified compound (1) -5 was further added thereto. This was coated with a spherical ferrite carrier in the same manner as in Example 1.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts CI Pigment Blue 15 2 parts CI Pigment Yellow 175 5 parts
A green toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 2.5 parts of the toner, 97.5 parts of the carrier was mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by a blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +18.1 μC / g, and the toner charge amount after running 100,000 sheets was 16.6 μC / g, which is almost the same as the initial value. Was. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 4 100 g of MMA resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the exemplified compound (1) -6 was further added thereto. This was coated with a spherical ferrite carrier in the same manner as in Example 1.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Polyester resin 100 parts CI Pigment Red 57 5 parts CI Pigment Red 48 3 parts A mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified, and
A red toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 3 parts of this toner, 97 parts of the carrier were mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by the blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +14.9 μC / g, and the charge amount of the toner after running 100,000 sheets was 14.2 μC / g, which was almost the same as the initial value. Was. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 5 Exemplified Compound (1) -1 was placed in 1 liter of toluene.
30 g and 70 g of a styrene-MMA copolymer were dissolved and dispersed, and the toner conveying member 2 shown in FIG. 1 was coated by dipping and set in a developing section.

Silicon toner (particle size 2)
3 μm) and 0.1 part of hydrophobic colloidal silica were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

This toner is charged into a developing device as shown in FIG.
When continuous copying was performed and an image test was performed, a good image was obtained. The image did not change even after 50,000 sheets of images were displayed.

The developing method will be described. As shown on the screen, the toner 6 contained in the toner tank 7 is
, The toner is forcibly brought to the sponge roller 4, and the toner is supplied to the sponge roller 4. The toner taken into the sponge roller 4 is conveyed to the toner conveying member 2 by the rotation of the sponge roller in the direction of the arrow, rubbed, electrostatically or physically attracted, and the toner conveying member 2 is moved in the direction of the arrow. , And a uniform toner thin layer is formed by the elastic blade 3 and triboelectrically charged. Thereafter, the latent image is transported to the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier 1 which is in contact with or in proximity to the toner conveying member 2, and the latent image is developed.

The electrostatic latent image is formed by applying a negative DC charge of 800 V to the organic photoreceptor, exposing it, forming a latent image, and developing the latent image.

In addition, in order to measure the specific charge of the toner on the toner conveying member: Q / M, the toner on the toner conveying member is sucked through a Faraday cage having a filter layer on the outlet side, and trapped in the Faraday cage. The Q / M was measured by a suction method specific charge measuring device for measuring the specific charge of the toner thus obtained, and it was confirmed that the toner was sufficiently charged at +8.2 μC / g.

In addition, the charge amount after running 50,000 sheets was +7.3 μC / g, which was almost the same as the initial value.

Further, even under high and low humidity, image quality equivalent to that of normal humidity was obtained. Also, there was no toner filming on the photoconductor.

Example 6 100 g of a silicone resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the exemplified compound (1) -6 was further added thereto. This was coated on the toner conveying member 2 shown in FIG. 1 by spraying and set in the developing section.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts Polyethylene 5 parts CI Pigment Red 57 5 parts CI Pigment Red 48 3 parts A mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified, and subjected to a filtration.
A red toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) 2
And 0.1 part of hydrophobic colloidal silica were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

This toner was placed in the developing section of the drawing, and an image test was performed in the same manner as in Example 5. As a result, a clear and good red image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +8.5 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +7.5 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, even under high and low humidity, image quality equivalent to that of normal humidity was obtained.

Example 7 Exemplified Compound (1) -7 30 in 1 liter of toluene
g and 70 g of the styrene-MMA copolymer were dissolved and dispersed, spray-coated on the elastic blade (made of stainless steel) shown in FIG. 1, and set in the developing section. When an image test was performed using the toner of Example 6 in the same manner as in Example 5, a clear and good red image was obtained.

When Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +10.0 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +9.4 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 8 100 g of a silicone resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the exemplified compound (1) -2 was further added thereto. This was spray-coated on an elastic blade (made of stainless steel) shown in FIG. 1 and set in a developing section. When an image test was performed using the toner of Example 6 in the same manner as in Example 5, a clear and good red image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +6.8 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +6.4 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 9 150 parts of the above example (1) and 100 parts of silicone resin were mixed, heated and melted, and a molded resin blade was attached to an elastic blade 3 shown in the drawing.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Epoxy resin 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts CI Pigment Blue 15 2 parts CI Pigment Yellow 17 5 parts The mixture having the above composition was kneaded and cooled in the same manner as in Example 1.
After pulverization and classification, a green toner having a particle size of 5 to 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
2 parts and 0.1 part of zinc stearate fine powder were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

When an image test was performed using this toner in the same manner as in Example 5, a clear and good green image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +8.1 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +7.6 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 10 A resin blade was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the exemplified compound (1) -8 was used. When an image test was performed using the toner of Example 6 in the same manner as in Example 5, a clear and good red image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +8.9 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +8.1 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 11 50 parts of Exemplified Compound (1) -10, polystyrene resin 1
00 parts and 30 parts of carbon black were mixed, heated and melted, and molded to prepare a resin blade.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts Carbon black 10 parts Charge control agent (Nigrosine dye) 0.5 parts Mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified,
A black toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
3 parts and 0.5 part of titanium oxide were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

When an image test was performed using this toner in the same manner as in Example 5, a clear and good black image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +11.2 μC / g, and the value after 50,000 sheets was +10.6 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 12 50 parts of the above exemplified compound (1) -16, 100 parts of MMA resin, and 30 parts of calcium carbonate were mixed, and the mixture was mixed in the same manner as in Example 11.
A resin blade was manufactured.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

100 parts of polyester resin 7 parts of polyethylene 7 parts of CI Pigment Blue 15 5 parts A mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, and classified.
A blue toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
3 parts and 0.5 part of titanium oxide were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

When an image test was performed using this toner in the same manner as in Example 5, a clear and good black image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 5, the initial value was +9.2 μC / g, and the value after 50,000 sheets was +8.5 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 13 Exemplified Compound (2) -1 was placed in 1 liter of toluene.
30 g and 70 g of a styrene-MMA copolymer were dissolved and dispersed, and this was coated on 5 kg of a spherical ferrite carrier (average particle size: 100 μm) using a fluidized bed coating apparatus.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts CI Pigment Blue 15 5 parts The mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified,
A blue toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 2.5 parts of the toner, 97.5 parts of the carrier was mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by the blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +18.1 μC / g, and the toner charge amount after running 100,000 sheets was +17.2 μC / g, which is almost the same as the initial value. Did not. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 14 A coated carrier was produced in the same manner as in Example 13, except that the exemplified compound (2) -2 was used.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts Carbon black 10 parts The mixture of the above composition was kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified, and
A blue toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 3 parts of this toner, 97 parts of the carrier were mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by a blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +17.4 μC / g, and the toner charge amount after running 100,000 sheets was +15.5 μC / g, which is almost the same as the initial value. Did not. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 15 100 g of silicone resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of Exemplified Compound (2) -5 was further added thereto. This was coated with a spherical ferrite carrier in the same manner as in Example 13.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts CI Pigment Blue 15 2 parts CI Pigment Yellow 175 5 parts
A red toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 2.5 parts of the toner, 97.5 parts of the carrier was mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

Also, when the charge amount of the toner was measured by the blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +21.6 μC / g, and the toner charge amount after running 100,000 sheets was +20.1 μC / g, which is almost the same as the initial value. Did not. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 16 100 g of MMA resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the exemplified compound (2) -6 was further added thereto. This was coated with a spherical ferrite carrier in the same manner as in Example 13.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Polyester resin 100 parts CI Pigment Red 57 5 parts CI Pigment Red 48 3 parts A mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified, and
A red toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

To 3 parts of this toner, 97 parts of the carrier were mixed by a ball mill to obtain a developer.

Next, the above developer was set in our FT4820, and an image test was performed.As a result, a good image was obtained.
It did not change even after displaying 10,000 images.

When the charge amount of the toner was measured by the blow-off method, the initial charge amount was +16.9 μC / g, and the toner charge amount after running 100,000 sheets was +14.4 μC / g, which is almost the same as the initial value. Did not. Further, even in a high humidity environment of 35 ° C. and 90% RH and a low humidity environment of 10 ° C. and 15% RH, an image equivalent to normal humidity was obtained.

Example 17 Exemplified Compound (2) -130 in 1 liter of toluene
g and 70 g of a styrene-MMA copolymer were dissolved and dispersed, and the toner conveying member 2 shown in FIG. 1 was coated by dipping and set in a developing section.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2)
3 μm) and 0.1 part of hydrophobic colloidal silica were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

This toner is charged into a developing device as shown in FIG.
When continuous copying was performed and an image test was performed, a good image was obtained. The image did not change even after 50,000 sheets of images were displayed.

The developing method will be described. As shown on the screen, the toner 6 contained in the toner tank 7 is
, The toner is forcibly brought to the sponge roller 4, and the toner is supplied to the sponge roller 4. The toner taken in by the sponge roller 4 is conveyed to the toner conveying member 2 by the rotation of the sponge roller in the direction of the arrow, rubbed and electrostatically or physically attracted, and the toner conveying member 2 is moved in the direction of the arrow. , And a uniform toner thin layer is formed by the elastic blade 3 and triboelectrically charged. Thereafter, the latent image is transported to the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier 1 which is in contact with or in proximity to the toner conveying member 2, and the latent image is developed.

The electrostatic latent image is formed by applying a negative DC charge of 800 V to the organic photoreceptor, exposing it, forming a latent image, and developing the latent image.

In addition, in order to measure the specific charge of the toner on the toner conveying member: Q / M, the toner on the toner conveying member is sucked through a Faraday cage having a filter layer on the outlet side, and trapped in the Faraday cage. When the Q / M was measured by a suction method specific charge amount measuring device for measuring the specific charge of the toner thus obtained, it was confirmed that the toner was sufficiently charged at +8.8 μC / g.

In addition, the charge amount after running 50,000 sheets was +7.8 μC / g, which was almost the same as the initial value.

Further, even under high and low humidity, image quality equivalent to that of normal humidity was obtained. Also, there was no toner filming on the photoconductor.

Example 18 100 g of a silicone resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the above exemplified compound (2) -6 was further added thereto. This was coated on the toner conveying member 2 shown in FIG. 1 by spraying and set in the developing section.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts Polyethylene 5 parts CI Pigment Red 57 5 parts CI Pigment Red 48 3 parts A mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified, and subjected to a filtration.
A red toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
Two parts and 0.1 part of hydrophobic colloidal silica were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

This toner was placed in the developing section of the drawing, and an image test was performed in the same manner as in Example 5. As a result, a clear and good red image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +9.3 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +8.6 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 19 Example Compound (2) -7 30 in 1 liter of toluene
g and 70 g of the styrene-MMA copolymer were dissolved and dispersed, spray-coated on the elastic blade (made of stainless steel) shown in FIG. 1, and set in the developing section. An image test was performed using the toner of Example 18 in the same manner as in Example 17, and a clear and good red image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +10.3 µC / g, and the value after 50,000 sheets was +9.5 µC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 20 100 g of a silicone resin was dissolved in 1 liter of toluene, and 50 g of the exemplified compound (2) -2 was further added thereto. This was spray-coated on an elastic blade (made of stainless steel) shown in FIG. 1 and set in a developing section. An image test was performed using the toner of Example 18 in the same manner as in Example 5, and a clear and good red image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +7.7 μC / g, and the value after 50,000 sheets was +7.1 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 21 50 Parts of Exemplified Compound (2) -1 and Silicone Resin 10
0 parts and heated and melted, the molded resin blade,
It was attached to the elastic blade 3 shown in the drawing.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Epoxy resin 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts CI Pigment Blue 15 2 parts CI Pigment Yellow 17 5 parts The mixture having the above composition was kneaded and cooled in the same manner as in Example 12.
After pulverization and classification, a green toner having a particle size of 5 to 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
2 parts and 0.1 part of zinc stearate fine powder were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

When an image test was performed using this toner in the same manner as in Example 17, a clear and good green image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +8.4 μC / g, and the value after 50,000 sheets was +7.8 μC / g, and there was almost no change. Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 22 A resin blade was prepared in the same manner as in Example 21, except that the exemplified compound (2) -8 was used. An image test was performed using the toner of Example 18 in the same manner as in Example 17, and a clear and good red image was obtained.

When Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +8.9 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +8.1 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 23 50 parts of Exemplified Compound (2) -10, polystyrene resin
100 parts and 30 parts of carbon black were mixed, heated and melted, and molded to produce a resin blade.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 100 parts Polypropylene 5 parts Carbon black 10 parts Charge control agent (Nigrosine dye) 0.5 parts Mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, classified,
A black toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
3 parts and 0.5 part of titanium oxide were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

When an image test was performed using this toner in the same manner as in Example 17, a clear and good black image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +12.4 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +11.6 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

Example 24 The same procedure as in Example 23 was carried out except that 50 parts of the exemplified compound (2) -16, 100 parts of an MMA resin, and 30 parts of calcium carbonate were mixed.
A resin blade was manufactured.

 The toner was prepared from the following composition.

100 parts of polyester resin 7 parts of polyethylene 7 parts of CI Pigment Blue 15 5 parts A mixture of the above composition is kneaded, cooled, pulverized, and classified.
A blue toner having a particle size of 20 μm was obtained.

Silicon carbide (particle size: 2 μm) for 100 parts of the toner
3 parts and 0.5 part of titanium oxide were sufficiently stirred and mixed with a speed kneader to obtain a toner.

When an image test was performed using this toner in the same manner as in Example 17, a clear and good black image was obtained.

When the Q / M was measured in the same manner as in Example 17, the initial value was +9.7 μC / g and the value after 50,000 sheets was +8.4 μC / g, and there was almost no change.

Further, image quality equivalent to normal humidity was obtained even under high and low humidity.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, an image having the same quality as the initial image can be obtained even after continuous copying, there is no change in the amount of positive charge, there is little environmental change, and clear color is obtained. An image is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a developing device used for an image test in the embodiment. 1 .... Electrostatic latent image carrier, 2 .... Toner conveying member, 3 ....
Elastic blade, 4 sponge roller, 5 stirring blade, 6 toner, 7 toner tank.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-55-18629 (JP, A) JP-A-2-282347 (JP, A) JP-A-2-301770 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 253279 (JP, A) JP-A-60-159857 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G03G 9/10 G03G 15/08 CA (STN) REGISTRY (STN)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A triboelectric charging member characterized by having a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following general formula (1) and / or (2) on at least its surface. General formula (1) (However, R _{1 represents} H, an alkyl group, an aryl group, n represents a positive integer.) General formula (2) (However, R _{2 represents} H, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group, and m represents a positive integer.)