JP3004521B2 - Method and apparatus for charging liquid CO2 into the deep sea - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to the deep sea poured method of a liquid CO ₂ to be introduced as a minimum the impact of the CO ₂ contained in industrial exhaust gas or the like gas to safely and environmentally depth 3000m or more deep sea Yosoko and Related to the device .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the use of fossil fuels has increased the concentration of CO ₂ in the atmosphere. On the other hand, CO ₂ is considered to be one of the global warming substances, and means for alleviating the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide are being considered. As one of the means, a means for putting CO ₂ into the deep sea and storing it is known. As an example thereof, in FIG. 9, the carbon dioxide recovered from the concentrated emission sources such as power plants, as a liquid CO ₂ was carried in the ship (not shown) to the offshore base 101, offshore base liquid CO ₂ 102a from ships Tank 103 on 101
Transfer to The liquid CO ₂ 102a in the tank 103 is pumped by the pump 104 through the pipe 105 to a depth of 3000 or more in the ocean. In this deep sea, liquid CO ₂ 102a
And the specific gravity of seawater reverses, the liquid CO ₂ 1
02b sinks by its own weight and accumulates on the seabed 106.

[0003]

However, in this case, when the liquid CO ₂ is injected into the deep sea at a depth of 3000 m,
For example, liquid C in a CO ₂ tank pressure 7 kg / cm ²
Temperature of O ₂ is - about 500 ° C., the liquid CO ₂ C
When passed through the O ₂ pipe, first, the liquid CO ₂ pipe containing the seawater. Therefore, if liquid CO ₂ is directly charged here, seawater freezes, which is not convenient. Therefore, there is a need for an initial charging procedure that can prevent seawater from freezing.

[0004] The present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances, seawater freeze liquid CO _2, for example -500 ° C. upon contact with the liquid CO ₂ and seawater in the initial stage of introducing the deep sea bottom Method of Injecting Liquid CO ₂ into the Deep Sea that Can Prevent
And an apparatus .

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The depth of liquid CO ₂ of the present invention
Sea turned methods, the liquid to be introduced through the CO ₂ introduced pipe liquids CO _2, which is accumulated in the interior to the sea level or RaFukashi sea tank
In deep sea turned methods CO _2, with the liquid CO ₂ vaporizer and vapor body of CO ₂ temperature at not to freeze the seawater by a heater from the tank, pressurize the gas CO ₂ by a compressor the CO ₂ guide have been of the same gaseous CO ₂ peripheral to the depth of the sea during through-on pipe
Direct temperature and pressure conditions and ing the former step to liquefy at a temperature and pressure of the external seawater circumference, the liquid CO ₂ in the tank
Supplied onto SL CO ₂ introduced pipes, the state of the liquid CO ₂
Mom from the lower end of the CO ₂ introduced pipe constituted by the latter step of dropping in the sea have a means of solving the problems.
In addition, the apparatus for deep-sea input of liquid CO ₂ of the present invention includes a tank
CO ₂ and liquid CO _2, which is accumulated in the inside from the sea surface to the deep sea
Into the deep-sea input device for liquid CO ₂ input via the input pipe
Communication with the above tank equipped with a liquid CO ₂ pump
The tube was attached to the discharge side of the communicating pipe and the CO ₂ introduced pipe
And a pair of upper bypass pipes arranged in parallel.
And the lower bypass pipe.
Vaporization tube, compressor and heater in bypass pipe
Insert the upper bypass pipe and lower bypass
A flow path switching means for switching between pipes is provided to solve the problem.
Means.

[0006]

[Action] In the above present invention, liquids CO in the former step
The liquid CO ₂ in ₂ tanks with passing Riki encoder and heater by the <br/> liquid CO ₂ pump with the lower bypass pipe, 20 ° C. by pressurizing by the compressor, 50k
The gaseous CO ₂ of g / cm ² is supplied to the CO ₂ input pipe. This ensures that, CO ₂ seawater in the input pipe water depth 5
It is pushed down to a level of 00 m or more, and a portion up to a depth of 500 m above the seawater is filled with liquid CO ₂ . Next, in a subsequent step, the liquid CO ₂ at −50 ° C. and 7 kg / cm ² is directly supplied from the tank by switching to the upper bypass pipe.
By contacting the supply, further depressed the upper end of the liquid CO _2. At this time, gaseous CO ₂ is -5 due to the influence of the temperature and pressure of seawater and the temperature and pressure of upper liquid CO _2.
0 ° C., the liquid CO ₂ becomes a state of 7kg / cm ^2, CO
_{(2) Since} the seawater in the input pipe falls from the lower end thereof, the liquid CO ₂ accumulates above the seawater in the input pipe, and the seawater in the input pipe falls from the lower end in this form. Eventually, all the seawater in the input pipe is replaced by the liquid CO ₂ .

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG .
Referring to deep sea turned a method and apparatus for liquid CO _2, 1, 2, 3, 4 first in the former step, respectively, second, third, liquid CO _2, which shows a higher fourth Engineering
Longitudinal sectional view of a deep sea feeding device, FIG. 5, the fifth, the liquid CO ₂ showing a more sixth Engineering deepwater belonging to the latter step 6 respectively
It is a longitudinal section of a charging device . Figure 7 is a gas-liquid-solid phase diagram for CO _2, FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the depth and density of the liquid CO ₂ and seawater.

In FIG . 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a CO ₂ input pipe (a low temperature steel pipe) for inputting liquid CO ₂ from a liquid CO ₂ tank 3 (hereinafter referred to as a tank) mounted on a CO ₂ processing vessel into deep sea water. It shows a hereinafter referred to as the pipe)
Ri, low temperature steel pipe 1 of this kind now be the same as those used in LPG tanks LPG carrier for transporting the LPG of -46 ° C., also sufficiently adaptable to liquid CO ₂ of -50 ° C. is there. Reference numeral 2 denotes seawater, and reference numeral 4 denotes a liquid C stored in the tank 3 at a temperature of −50 ° C. and a pressure of 7 kg / cm ² .
O ₂ and reference numeral 5 indicate vaporizers , respectively.
Is connected to the tank 3 by an inverted U-shaped communication pipe 12.
Reference numeral 13 denotes a lower bypass pipe that connects the vaporizer 5 and the upper part of the pipe 1, and the heater 6, the compressor 7, and the valve 8 are inserted into the lower bypass pipe 13 . Bal to the position of the carburetor 5 side of the communication pipe 12
The pipe 11 is inserted , and an upper bypass pipe 14 that connects an upstream portion of the valve 11 of the communication pipe 12 and an upper end of the pipe 1 is provided. Flow of upper bypass pipe 14
Valves 15 and 16 are provided on the inlet and outlet sides, respectively.
Have been. Valves 8, 11, 15, 16 are upper bypass
Channel for switching between pipe 14 and lower bypass pipe 13
It constitutes switching means. Reference numeral 10 denotes an inserted liquid CO ₂ pump to the tank side of the communication pipe 12 (hereinafter referred to as pump).

In the above configuration, the first step shown in FIG.
In, the tank 3 - T ° C., as Pkg / cm ^2, -50 ℃ respectively, the liquid CO ₂ 4 pressure 7 kg / cm ² is Ru are reservoir. On the other hand, the pipe 1 is initially filled with seawater from the lower end opening to the sea level as shown by hatching. Here, - T ℃, Pkg / cm 2 is almost standard temperature and pressure conditions the temperature of the liquid CO ₂ to the outer surface to the atmosphere are stored at a low temperature under pressure in the pressure-resistant airtight tank exposed to (NTP), the pressure , And each has a slight correlation fluctuation width.

In the next second step , as shown in FIG. 2, the liquid CO ₂ 4 in the tank 3 is sucked by the pump 10 and passes through the communication pipe 12 and the opened valve 11 to evaporate the vaporizer 5. , As indicated by hatching. At this time, the valve 8 is open and the valves 15, 16 are closed. Then, liquid CO ₂ 4 at −50 ° C. and 7 kg / cm ²
Is heated through the vaporizer 5 and the heater 6,
It is pressurized by the compressor 7 and as a result,
50 kg / cm ² temperature, becomes gaseous CO ₂ pressure,
As indicated by an arrow, it is pressed into the pipe 1, depressing the seawater in the pipe 1 in the sea water depth 500 m les in the level depth. At that time, as shown in FIG. 7, CO ₂ is in the process of changing from gas to liquid.

Further, in the third step , as shown in FIG.
In the pipe 1 up to a depth of about 500 m, the temperature of the gaseous CO ₂ gradually decreases and becomes about the same as the surrounding external seawater temperature of 5 to 10 ° C., and the gaseous CO ₂ gradually changes into a liquid CO ₂ state at a depth of 500 m. Start to collect on the level of seawater.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 4, in the fourth step, the seawater is further depressed, and the upper end of the accumulated liquid CO ₂ is at a level of a depth of 500 m. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, while changing the temperature and the pressure along the liquid side of the gas-liquid critical curve, the gaseous CO ₂ changes from the state A of 20 ° C. and 50 kg / cm ² to −50 ° C. and 7 kg / cm 2. to migrate into the ^second state B (which the same liquid CO ₂ in tank 3).

In the fifth step, as shown in FIG.
When O ₂ reaches −50 ° C. and 7 kg / cm ² ,
As shown in FIG. 6, with closed valves 11 and 8, by opening the valve 15 and 16, the liquid CO ₂ in the same temperature and the liquid CO ₂ in the same pressure conditions in the tank 3 as shown by hatching, directly, It is pumped to the pipe 1 in the direction of the arrow. As a result, liquid CO ₂ is formed above the gas CO ₂ in the pipe 1.

Here, the gaseous CO ₂ is in a form of being enclosed by the upper and lower liquid CO ₂ , and is at 20 ° C. and 50 kg / cm 2.
-50 ° C. ² state, the introduction of liquid CO ₂ of 7 kg / cm ^2, the pressure along the critical curve in FIG. 7 is 50 kg /
The water gradually changes from cm ² to 7 kg / cm ² , and the seawater in the pipe 1 is further pushed down and falls from the opening at the lower end into the external seawater. At that time, the seawater does not freeze. Thus , the gas CO _{2 of} 20 ° C., 50 kg / cm ² , which was initially sent to the pipe 1 by the compressor,
Is gradually changed to −50 ° C. and gaseous CO _{2 at} 7 kg / cm ² while adjusting the heater and the compressor, and finally the state can be made the same as the liquid CO ₂ in the tank. .

[0015] Here, it is possible to omit the step of FIG. 5 described above. That is, the liquid CO ₂ generated by the process shown in FIG. 4 becomes −50 ° C. near the lower end of the pipe 1 as shown in FIG. 6, and temporarily becomes a temperature buffer in a gas-liquid mixed state. And finally, 20 ℃, 50kg / cm
Continuously -50 from ^second tank directly into the gaseous CO ₂
As a result of charging the liquid CO _{2 at} 7 ° C. and 7 kg / cm ^2, the specific gravity of the liquid CO _{2 at} the lower end of the pipe becomes larger than that of seawater as shown in FIG. fall and rather than boiled. According to the way of this, 20 ℃, 50k
g / gaseous CO ₂ in cm ² -50 due to the large pressure difference
° C., the state change to the liquid CO ₂ of 7 kg / cm ² is slightly
Becomes unstable, it is possible to shorten the part process.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the liquid CO ₂ stored in the tank at −T ° C. and Pkg / cm ² is transferred from the sea surface to the deep sea at a depth of about 3000 m. CO ₂
When dosed via the filling pipe, with the gas CO _2, which was heated to a temperature at no freezing the seawater liquid CO ₂ by the carburetor and the heater from the tank, pressurized Ri by the compressor Te guided into the sea of medium depth through the CO ₂ introduced pipe, the said gas CO ₂ and the former step to the temperature and pressure conditions to liquefy at a temperature and pressure of the seawater, directly from the upper end of the liquid CO ₂ in the tank C
It is supplied to the O ₂ introduced pipes, -T ° C. The Re this and Pkg /
By the state of cm ² was a two-step with the second step of dropping into the sea from the lower end of the CO ₂ introduced pipe,
Of -50 ° C. The liquid CO ₂ can be prevented seawater freezes on contact with liquid CO ₂ and seawater in the initial stage of introducing the deep sea bottom.

[0017]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
In the early stage of introducing low-temperature liquid CO ₂ into the deep sea, liquid CO
Frozen seawater in the pipe at the junction between the ₂ and the seawater liquid CO ₂
Can be avoided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a deep sea casting of liquid CO ₂ as one embodiment of the present invention.
The higher the first factory in the former step of the input device is shown to the longitudinal cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a liquid CO showing a second step following the first step in FIG.
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of ₂ deep-sea input apparatus .

FIG. 3 is a liquid CO showing a third step following the second step in FIG. 2;
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of ₂ deep-sea input apparatus .

FIG. 4 is a liquid CO showing a fourth step following the third step in FIG. 3;
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of ₂ deep-sea input apparatus .

5 is a liquid CO showing a fifth step following the fourth step in FIG.
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of ₂ deep-sea input apparatus .

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the deep-sea charging apparatus for liquid CO ₂ showing a sixth step, that is, a final step, subsequent to the fifth step in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a solid-liquid-gas phase diagram of CO ₂ .

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the depth and the density of liquid CO ₂ and seawater.

FIG. 9 is an overall side view showing a conventionally known liquid CO ₂ deep sea charging apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 CO ₂ turned pipe (pipe) 2 seawater 3 Liquid CO ₂ tank (tank) 4 Liquid _CO 2 _(LCO 2) 5 vaporizer 6 heater 7 compressor 8 valve 9 the gas _CO 2 _(VCO 2) 10 liquid CO ₂ pump (Pump ) 11 valve 12 communication pipe 13 lower bypass pipe 14 upper bypass pipe 15 valve 16 valve

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01J 19/00 B01D 53/62

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A inside the reservoir liquid to be introduced through the CO ₂ introduced pipe liquids CO ₂ to sea level or RaFukashi sea tank
In deep sea turned methods CO _2, with the liquid CO ₂ vaporizer and vapor body of CO ₂ temperature at not to freeze the seawater by a heater from the tank, pressurize the gas CO ₂ by a compressor the same gas CO ₂ circumference have guide into the sea of medium depth through the CO ₂ introduced pipe
Direct the preceding step of the temperature and pressure conditions to liquefy at a temperature and pressure of the external seawater circumference, the liquid CO ₂ in the tank
Supplied onto SL CO ₂ introduced pipes, the state of the liquid CO ₂
A method of dropping the liquid CO ₂ into the deep sea, which comprises a subsequent step of dropping the CO ₂ into the sea from the lower end of the CO ₂ charging pipe as it is. 2. A method liquid CO _2, which is accumulated in the interior of the tank
Liquid injected from the sea surface to the deep sea through a CO ₂ input pipe
In deep sea dosing device CO _2, liquid CO in the tank
_Two communication pipes with pumps are connected, and discharge of the communication pipes
Side and the upper end of the CO ₂ input pipe are arranged in parallel.
Pair of upper and lower bypass pipes
And connected to the lower bypass pipe
Tube, compressor and heater are inserted and above
For switching between the bypass pipe at the bottom and the bypass pipe at the bottom
Liquid provided with a path switching means
Deep sea dosing device CO _2.