JP2995574B2 - Gate for granular material - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a granular material gate for discharging a granular material such as foundry sand from a bottom of a roasting furnace, a silo, or a tank.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a gate for a granular material used for discharging a granular material such as molding sand from the bottom of a roasting furnace, a silo, a tank, or the like, a gate shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 is used. It has been known. In these figures, reference numeral 101 denotes a cylindrical main body such as a silo or a tank, and 102 denotes a valve body (shutter). The valve body 102 opens an opening (discharge port) 103 of the cylindrical main body 101 so that the cylindrical body is opened. The granular material 104 charged and accommodated in the main body 101 is dropped and discharged from the opening 103. The discharge amount (discharge speed) can be adjusted by the opening degree of the opening 103, that is, the valve opening degree of the valve body 102.

On the other hand, in order to prevent the segregation phenomenon from occurring in the discharge of the granular material from the bottom of the tubular body such as the roasting furnace, that is, in order to uniformly discharge the granular material from the bottom of the tubular body such as the roasting furnace, There may be a case where a large number of discharge portions are provided on the bottom plate. Even in such a case, in the related art, the discharge / stop is switched by configuring a powder gate provided with the above-described valve body 102 for each discharge unit and simultaneously operating these valve bodies. Like that.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the gate for powder and granular material as shown in FIGS.
When the fluid having a large particle size reaches the opening 103 or the powders and granules are pressed against each other at the opening to form a lump in a state where 2 is in a half-open state, a clogging phenomenon may occur at the opening. was there.

Also, in the gate for granular material shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, the granular material enters the sliding portion of the valve body 102 and a biting phenomenon occurs, and the opening and closing of the valve body 102 becomes uncertain. Could be.

Furthermore, in the case of the above-mentioned gate for powder and granular materials, when a large number of discharge units are provided in order to avoid the segregation phenomenon, a complicated drive mechanism is required to simultaneously open and close the valve body 102 of each discharge unit. In addition, there is also a problem that the opening and closing operations of all the valve bodies cannot be performed smoothly due to the above-described biting occurring in the valve body of one discharge unit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-described circumstances, the present invention provides a gate for a powder or granular material that discharges a powder or granular material in the cylindrical portion downward through a discharging portion provided on a bottom plate of the cylindrical portion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gate for a granular material that does not have a risk of occurrence of cracks.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a gate for a granular material capable of controlling the discharging and stopping of the granular material from all the discharging portions with a relatively simple configuration even when there are a large number of discharging portions. To provide.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, a gate for a granular material according to the present invention is disposed below the discharge unit, and the granular material discharged from the discharge unit is naturally disposed thereon. A flat powder body that can be deposited,
An air nozzle for blowing air onto the granular material receiver, and an inclined surface of a deposit of the granular material connecting at least a part of the granular material receiver and an outlet of the discharge unit forms an angle of repose at the outlet And an air nozzle capable of ejecting air at a pressure that causes the sediment of the granular material forming the angle of repose to collapse.

In such a granular material gate, the granular material receiver can be configured as a bottom surface of a box having one side open.

[Operation] In the above-described gate for powder and granular materials, the powder and particles discharged from the discharge portion without ejecting air from the air nozzle naturally accumulate on the powder and particle receiver, and rest at the outlet of the discharge portion. The discharge from the discharge portion is naturally stopped with the corners formed.

When air is blown out from the air nozzle and the sediment of the granular material is collapsed, the maximum inclination of the sediment at the outlet of the discharge part becomes smaller than the angle of repose, and the new granular material is discharged from the discharge part. Becomes possible. In a state where the air is ejected from the air nozzle, the granular material cannot form the angle of repose and is sequentially moved from below the discharge unit. Therefore, new powders are discharged one after another from the discharge part.

When the pressure of the air is increased, the moving speed of the granular material dropped on the granular material receiver is increased, and the discharge amount per unit time from the discharge unit is increased. When the air pressure is reduced,
The moving speed of the granular material on the granular material receiver is reduced, and the amount of discharge per unit time from the discharge unit is reduced.

When the granular material receiver is constituted by the bottom surface of a box having one open side, the granular material moved from the granular material receiver by air is directed toward the open side surface, that is, in a predetermined direction, and the granular material is oriented in a predetermined direction. Fall from the catch.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an illustrated example.

FIG. 1 shows a granular material discharging device D provided at the bottom of a fluidized roasting furnace F for removing impurities from molding sand. The granular material discharge device D has a ... number of granular-body gate G, these granular-body gate G ... been powdery grains discharged from, provided with a chute I ₀ in the central portion Funnel-shaped accumulation part I
Through the belt conveyor B below.

Each granular material gate G has a pipe-shaped discharge unit 1. The discharge unit 1 is connected to an opening f2 formed in a bottom plate f1 of the fluidized roasting furnace F, and its lower end outlet 1a is connected to an opening formed in a partition 2 parallel to the bottom plate f1. ing.

The outer peripheral edges of the bottom plate f1 and the partition 2 are connected by a side wall 3, whereby the bottom plate f1, the partition 2, and the side wall 3 are connected.
The space S surrounded by the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of discharge units 1 is in a closed state.

The lower surface of the partition 2 is provided with a box body 5 which communicates with the inside of the fluidized roasting furnace F via the outlet 1a of the discharge part 1 and has one side open. Are arranged to the box body 5 has its open side facing the chute I ₀ side of the stacking unit I. And the bottom plate of this box 5 constitutes the granular material receiver 5a. As shown in FIG. 2, the granules discharged from the discharge section 1 form deposits P on the granule receiver 5a.

In the powder receiver 5a, the inclined surface of the deposit P of the powder naturally deposited thereon naturally catches between the outlet 1a of the discharge unit 1 and the end 5b of the powder receiver 5a. It is large enough to form the maximum possible slope. When the inclined surface forms the maximum inclination in this way, a repose angle α is formed at the outlet 1a of the discharge unit 1 at which the maximum inclination forms an angle with the horizontal plane. In the case where the powdery granules are the reclaimed molding sand as described above, for example, the inner diameter φ of the discharge portion 1 is 72.1 m.
m, the height l ₁ in the box 5 is 50 mm, and the distance l ₂ from the center of the discharge section 1 to the open end 5 b is 150 mm, so that the powdery material deposit P is Angle of repose α of 30 to 35 ° on 5a
Can be formed.

An air supply pipe 4 connected to an air supply source (not shown) is connected to the side wall 3. The pressure of the air supplied from the air supply pipe 4 to the space S is accumulated on the granular material receiver 5a in a state of forming an angle of repose by blowing the air from the tip of an air nozzle 6 described later. The pressure is set so as to collapse the sediment of the granular material. For example, about 300 to 700 mmAq can be selected as the pressure when the deposit of the reclaimed molding sand forming the angle of repose of 30 to 35 ° as described above collapses.

As shown more clearly in FIGS. 2 and 3,
An L-shaped air nozzle 6 for communicating the space S with the inside of the box 5 is provided in the box 5. Air nozzle 6
The connection between the and the partition 2 is sealed by welding or the like. The air nozzle 6 has a horizontal portion which is the powder receiver 5a.
Is in contact with the granular material receiver 5a in a state parallel to the upper surface of the powder.
Therefore, air is blown out from the air nozzle 6 along the upper surface of the granular material receiver 5a. And the air nozzle 6
Is disposed on the extension of the central axis c1 of the discharge section 1. However, the position of the tip of the air nozzle 1 does not necessarily have to be on the extension of the central axis c1 of the discharge unit 1. But,
If it is arranged on the extension of the central axis c1 of the discharge unit 1, the deposit of the granular material on the granular material receiver 5a can be most efficiently collapsed.

In the granular material gate G configured as described above, in a state where the supply of air from the air supply pipe 4 is stopped,
As the granules are deposited on the granule receiver 4 from the discharge unit 1, as shown by a dashed line in FIG. At the time of formation, the discharge unit 1 no longer discharges the granular material.

When air is pressure-fed into the space S through the air supply pipe 4 in a state where the repose angle α is formed on the pulverized material receiver 4 in the manner described above, the air passes through the air nozzle 6. It is blown out into the box body 5 through. Therefore,
Due to this air, the sediment P of the granular material on the granular material receiver 5a collapses, and the sediment P does not form the angle of repose α at the outlet 1a of the discharge unit 1. That is, the granules fall one after another from the granule receiver 5a, and the granules in the fluidized roasting furnace F are discharged from the discharge unit 1 onto the granule receiver 5a. If the feeding of air is stopped, the granules no longer drop from the granule receiver 5a, and the sediment P is discharged from the discharge unit 1 when the granules form the repose angle α at the outlet 1a of the discharge unit 1. The discharge of the powdery particles is stopped again.

As is clear from this, the above-mentioned gate G for the granular material controls the supply of the air to the space S through the air supply pipe 4 to discharge or stop the discharging of the granular material. be able to. That is, the discharging and stopping of the discharging of the granular material discharge device D including a large number of the granular material gates G can be controlled only by switching the supply of the air to the air supply pipe 4.

Further, in the above-described gate G for a granular material, the discharge speed of the granular material is increased in the range of the diameter of the discharge unit 1 with the increase of the pressure of the air blown out from the air supply pipe 4. Can be faster. That is, the discharge speed can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of the air. In addition, since no projections or throttles are formed in the passage of the discharge unit 1, there is no possibility that the particulate material is clogged in the passage.

By the way, in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, a space S is formed between the bottom plate f1 of the fluidized roasting furnace F and the partition wall 2, and this space S
The air is blown out from the tip of the air nozzle 6 by forcing the air into the air nozzle, so that the air can be supplied to many air nozzles 6 with a very simple configuration. However, the configuration for supplying air to the air nozzle can be changed in design as needed. FIG. 4 shows another configuration of the air nozzle 6 '.
, Which is provided with a powder gate G ′ for supplying air to the device. This granular material discharging device D 'is formed at the lower end of the cylindrical portion F'.

The granular material gate G 'includes a granular material receiver 5a' integrally provided on a part of the lower peripheral wall of the discharge portion 1 '. This granular material receiver 5a 'also has a size such that at least one inclined surface of the deposit P connecting one end thereof and the outlet 1a' of the discharge portion 1 'can form a repose angle at the outlet 1a'. In the gate G 'for the granular material, an air supply pipe 4' is provided extending in the vicinity of each discharge portion 1 ', and the air nozzles 6' branched from the air supply pipe 4 'are connected to the discharge portion 1'. It is configured to be connected to the connection part of the powdery material receiver 5a '. The tip of the air nozzle 6 ′ is at a predetermined position on the powder receiver 5 a ′ and faces the front end of the powder receiver 5 a ′.

The gate G 'for the granular material as shown in FIG. 4 can also discharge the granular material sequentially by blowing air from the air nozzle 6'. When the ejection of air from the air nozzle 6 ', that is, the supply of air to the air supply pipe 4' is stopped, the sediment of the particulate matter discharged from the discharge part 1 'forms a repose angle at the outlet 1a', The discharge of the granules is stopped.

In each of the above embodiments, a pipe-shaped discharge portion is provided, and the powdery material receiver is disposed below the outlet of the pipe-shaped discharge portion. However, as shown in FIG. An opening formed in the bottom plate f1 "of the cylindrical body F" in which the body is accommodated is formed into a discharge portion 1 ".
The granular material receiver 5a "may be arranged below the bottom plate f1". In this case, of course, the air blown out from the tip of the air nozzle 6 "is supplied by the separately provided air supply pipe 4".

[Effects of the Invention] According to the first aspect, by controlling the air supply pressure, the discharge amount of the granular material can be adjusted without providing a throttle portion in the passage of the discharge portion. It is possible to obtain a highly reliable gate for a granular material that does not have a risk of biting.

In addition, since it is possible to discharge or stop the discharge of the granular material only by controlling the ejection of the air, the gate for the granular material is constituted only by the inoperative components such as the air nozzle and the granular material receiver. be able to. Therefore,
There is an effect that the discharge device for powders provided with a large number of gates for powders can have a very simple structure.

According to the second aspect, the granular material can be dropped in a predetermined direction, and the size of the granular material receiver can be minimized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a perspective view in which a part of a discharge device for a granular material provided with a gate for a granular material is cut out, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view in which a part of a gate for a granular material is cut out, and FIG. Is also the front view, 4th
The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a discharge device for a granular material provided with another gate for a granular material, FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a discharge device for a granular material further provided with a gate for a granular material, FIG. FIG. 10 to FIG. 10 are schematic explanatory diagrams of a conventional example. 1,1 ', 1 "... Discharge part 5a, 5a', 5a" ... Powder receiver 6,6 ', 6 "... Air nozzle

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B65D 90/54 B65D 88/26 B65G 53/42

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gate for a powder and granular material for discharging powder and granular material in the cylindrical portion below through a discharging portion provided on a bottom plate of the cylindrical portion, wherein the gate is disposed below the discharging portion. A flat particle receiver on which the powder discharged from the discharge unit can naturally accumulate, and an air nozzle for blowing air onto the powder receiver, and at least a part of the powder receiver The inclined surface of the sediment of the particulate material connecting the discharge port and the outlet of the discharge part can form an angle of repose at the outlet, and the air nozzle disintegrates the sediment of the particulate material forming the angle of repose. A gate for powder and granular material, characterized in that it can blow out pressure air. 2. The gate for a granular material according to claim 1, wherein the granular material receiver is a bottom surface of a box having one open side.