JP2994893B2 - Method and apparatus for controlling direction of shield excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling the direction of a shield excavator using a shield jack tuning circuit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In many cases, tunnels such as subways, water and sewage systems, electric power, communication, gas common trenches, and underpasses are constructed by a shield method. If you adopt the shield method,
The tunnel can be constructed while excavating and lining safely inside the shield while preventing the surrounding ground from collapsing.

Here, an outline of the mechanical configuration and operation of a mud shield excavator will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the excavator body 1 has a cylindrical shape, and a bulkhead 2 serving as a partition is attached to a front portion thereof, and a rotary cutter 3 is attached to a front surface of the bulkhead 2.
The space between the bulkhead 2 and the rotary cutter 3 is a chamber chamber 4, and the kneaded soil generated by kneading the pressurized and injected muddy material and the shaved soil is taken into the chamber chamber 4. The kneaded soil is discharged by the screw conveyor 5.
At this time, the earth pressure on the front face of the face is detected by the earth pressure gauge 6.

At the tail of the excavator body 1, a segment 8 is constructed on the inner surface of the tunnel. At the rear of the excavator body 1, a plurality of hydraulic shield jacks 9 are arranged along the circumferential direction. When propelling the excavator body 1, pressure oil is supplied to some of the shield jacks 9 to extend the shield jacks 9 and push the segments 8. As a result, the excavator body 1
The excavation is performed by the rotary cutter 3 with the propulsion. After digging for one segment, the excavation is stopped, the shield jack 9 of the portion where the segment 8 is to be constructed is contracted, and the gap formed by the contraction is
The new segment is loaded and assembled into a ring.

[0005] The above-mentioned shield excavator is adjusted in course so as to excavate along a predetermined planning line. In other words, the position of the shield excavator is actually measured using a laser measuring instrument, a level meter, or the like, the deviation between the measured data and the planned line is determined by a computer, and the course is adjusted so that the deviation becomes zero. The course adjustment is performed by adjusting the pressure oil supplied to the plurality of shield jacks 9 during excavation,
This is realized by changing the turning moment acting on the excavator body 1.

A hydraulic circuit for driving the shield jack 9 generally has a tuning function as shown in FIG. In other words, even when the shield excavator is propelled or changes direction, all shield jacks 9
Is not driven, and even when ten shield jacks 9 as shown in FIG. 4 are provided, for example, a plurality of every other shield jacks 9 are driven and the other shield jacks 9 only follow. .

This is because the propulsion force is sufficient without using all of the shield jacks 9, and the other shield jacks 9 follow only when the segment 8 is assembled later, at a location other than the segment to be assembled. This is to prevent the shield excavator 9 itself from being pushed back by water pressure or the like in front of the shield jack 9 in such a state that the shield jack 9 is brought into contact with the already reinforced segment end face. That is, since it is necessary to extend later, it is extended in advance at the time of propulsion.

[0008] The hydraulic circuit shown in FIG.
Reference numerals 1a and 11b denote shield jack selection valves (hereinafter referred to as SJ selection valves), 12 is an expansion / contraction switching valve, 13 is a hydraulic pump, 14 is a motor, 15 is a tank, and 16 is a source pressure for regulating the maximum hydraulic pressure for propulsion. A setting relief valve 17 is a tuning pressure setting valve (pressure reducing valve), and 18 is a tuning switching valve. 1
9 and 20 are check valves, and 21 is a relief valve for preventing damage to the hydraulic circuit.

Here, the shield jack 9a is driven,
Describing the case where the shield jack 9b is made to follow, the SJ selection valve 11a is inserted, and the tuning switching valve 18 is switched. High-pressure oil enters the extension side of the shield jack 9a via the expansion / contraction switching valve 12 and the SJ switching valve 11a which are switched to the extension side, and the shield jack 9a is extended. Since the SJ selection valve 11b is closed, no high oil pressure is supplied to the extension side of the shield jack 9b. The oil depressurized by the tuning pressure setting valve 17 is supplied to the extension side of the shield jack 9b through the tuning switching valve 12. Therefore, the shield jack 9b does not contribute during propulsion, but extends following the shield jack 9a.

[0010]

In a shield excavator provided with a drive hydraulic system for the shield jack 9 as described above, when the course is adjusted, the shield jack 9 is supplied to the shield jack 9 which contributes to propulsion as described above. Although the adjustment is performed by adjusting the pressure oil, there is a problem that the adjustment is difficult because the high-pressure oil pressure is adjusted.

In other words, the high-pressure hydraulic pressure is not fixed at a predetermined pressure, but is passive, which depends on the condition of the ground in front of the shield excavator.
It had to control while detecting the oil pressure. Therefore, the shield jack is divided into blocks,
Although control may be performed for each block, control still needs to be performed while detecting the oil pressure, and the problem of complicated control could not be solved.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems] direction control method of the shield excavating machine according to the present invention for solving the above-shield drilling
Supplying high hydraulic pressure to shield jacks that contribute to the promotion of milling machines
Meanwhile, the supply of low pressure to the shield jacks other than contributing shield jacks to the promotion of the shield excavator child to
In the method of causing the extension of the shield jack to follow the shield jack contributing to the propulsion in synchronization with the shield jack supplying the high hydraulic pressure and supplying the low hydraulic pressure
Check when switching the selection of shield jack
High oil pressure supplied to the shield jack by the valve is low oil
Prevents pressure from flowing into the supplied shield jack
While providing high hydraulic pressure to the shield jack, which contributes to propulsion.
Shield jaws that do not contribute to the propulsion regardless of supply operation
Set the low oil pressure to be synchronized by increasing or decreasing the low oil pressure supplied to the jack
By changing, it is characterized in that for controlling the propulsion direction of the shield excavator.

A direction control device for a shield excavator according to the present invention includes a plurality of shield jacks provided at a rear portion of the shield excavator, and a drive hydraulic pressure for supplying a high hydraulic pressure to the shield jack for propulsion of the shield excavator. A direction control device for a shield excavator, comprising: a circuit unit; and a tuning hydraulic circuit unit configured to supply the shield jack that does not contribute to the propulsion of the shield excavator by reducing the high oil pressure and extend the shield jack. tuning the hydraulic circuit, all the sheet
Operation of the drive hydraulic circuit unit connected to the
Independent supply of low hydraulic pressure to the shield jack
Tuning changeover valve and tuning hydraulic pressure to change setting of low hydraulic pressure to tune
Change means and the high hydraulic pressure supplied to the shield jack is low
Prevents hydraulic pressure from flowing to the supplied shield jack
And a check valve that performs the check .

[0014]

[Function] Supplied to shield jack that contributes to propulsion
Regardless of high hydraulic pressure, shield jacks that do not contribute to propulsion
The key is synchronized by supplying low hydraulic pressure to the key.
When controlling the propulsion direction of
Just switch between high and low oil pressure in key
At this time, check the valve with a check jack
The supplied high hydraulic pressure is changed to the shield jack supplied with low hydraulic pressure.
Operate the tuning selector valve to prevent flow to the key.
The direction control of the shield excavator can be easily and reliably performed without any trouble.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a method and an apparatus for controlling the direction of a shield excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The mechanical structure of the shield excavator itself may be the same as the conventional one. That is, as an example, as shown in FIG. 3, a rotary cutter 3 is attached to a front portion of the excavator main body 1, and a screw conveyor 5 for transporting excavated soil and the like to the rear in the excavator main body 1. And a plurality (for example, ten) of shield jacks 9 that can extend rearward are provided on the inner periphery of the rear part of the excavator body 1.

FIG. 1 shows a part of a hydraulic circuit for driving the shield jack 9. The drive hydraulic circuit for driving the shield jack 9 in this hydraulic circuit is driven in the same manner as the conventional hydraulic circuit. That is, 11a and 11b are SJ selection valves for selecting whether or not to drive the shield jacks 9a and 9b at high pressure, and 12 is to select the hydraulic pressure supply destination to either the extension side or the contraction side of the shield jacks 9a and 9b. Or a telescopic switching valve for selecting whether to shut off or supply. 13 is a hydraulic pump that is a source of hydraulic pressure, 14 is a motor, 15 is a tank, 16 is a relief valve for setting the original pressure for regulating the maximum hydraulic pressure for propulsion, and 21 is a relief valve for preventing damage to the drive hydraulic circuit. .

The oil passage 31 constituting the tuning hydraulic circuit is provided with a main oil passage 3 extending from the hydraulic pump 13 to the expansion / contraction switching valve 12.
2, the oil passage 31 is provided with a tuning switching valve 18.
Is provided. The oil passage 3 on the outlet side of the tuning switching valve 18
Reference numeral 3 is connected to the extension sides of the shield jacks 9a and 9b via a check valve 20.

The oil passage 33 is provided with a first tuning pressure setting valve 35 which is a pressure reducing valve. That is, the high-pressure oil coming through the oil passage 31 and the tuning switching valve 18 is depressurized here.

An oil passage 36 is provided downstream of the first tuning pressure setting valve 35.
Branch, and the oil passage 36 further branches to oil passages 37, 38, 39, and the oil passages 37, 38, 39 have second, third, and fourth oil passages, respectively.
Tuning pressure selection valves 40, 41, and 42, and second, third, and fourth tuning pressure selection valves 43, 44, and 45 that communicate with the tank 15 are provided. The second, third, and fourth tuning pressure setting valves 43, 44,
45 is a relief valve. Incidentally, the pressure is reduced by the first tuning pressure setting valve 35 and P _1, second, third, the pressure is reduced by the fourth tuning pressure setting relief valve 43, 44, 45 P _2, P _3, When P _4, for example P _1> P
₂ > P ₃ > P ₄ . Like this
A tuning hydraulic pressure changing means is configured.

In the above configuration, the shield jack 9a,
9B is arranged symmetrically. When the right shield jack 9a is driven to change the direction of the shield excavator to the left and the left shield jack 9b is followed, the SJ selection valve 11a is turned on. And the SJ selection valve 11b remains OFF. The expansion / contraction switching valve 12 is switched to the extension side.

The high-pressure oil generated by the hydraulic pump 13 enters the extension side of the shield jack 11a via the expansion / contraction switching valve 12 and the SJ selection valve 11a, and drives the shield jack 9a to extend. The shield jack 9a extends by receiving the segment 8 as a reaction force, and applies a counterclockwise turning moment to the shield excavator.

On the other hand, the tuning switching valve 18 is switched is the tuning side, and the fourth tuning pressure selection valve 42 to set the original tuning pressure P ₄ is turned ON. Therefore, the first tuning pressure setting valve 3
The pressure in the oil passage 5 of the soil side becomes P _4, oil pressure enters the expansion side of the shield jack 9b which does not contribute to turning propulsion of the shield excavator, the shield jack 9b is followed extended at low pressure P ₄ You.

If the turning moment given by the drive-side shield jack 9a is too large and turns to the left, the left turning moment must be reduced to return the direction of the shield excavator. In this apparatus, the first, second, and third tuning pressure setting valves 35, 43, 44
This is done by selecting.

That is, for example, the third tuning pressure selection valve 41 is opened, and the fourth tuning pressure selection valve 42 is closed. Thus, the hydraulic pressure entering the following side of the shield jack 9b is boosted and P ₃ from P _4, acts as a correspondingly reverse moment, left turn moment due to shield jacks 9a is relaxed, propulsion direction control of the shield excavator It is done.

Whether or not the shield excavator is digging along a predetermined planning line is actually measured by a laser measuring instrument, a level meter, or the like. We know whether it is good. Therefore,
Depending on the magnitude of the required reverse moment, the selection valve 40,
Select 41 or 42 or close them all,
Than it is to adopt the highest pressure P ₁ that is reduced in pressure by tuning pressure setting valve 35.

In the above embodiment, four stages of synchronized low pressure can be set using one pressure reducing valve and three relief valves, but the number of relief valves is not limited to this. One or more can be installed according to required performance and the like.

In the above embodiment, the tuning hydraulic pressure changing means is
Although the low pressure applied to the shield jack to be tuned can be changed stepwise, as another embodiment, a variable tuning pressure setting valve (reducing valve) 51 is employed as shown in FIG. May be. That is, the oil passage 33
Instead of the first tuning pressure setting valve 35 and the second, third, and fourth tuning pressure setting selections 40, 41, and 42, the variable tuning pressure setting valve 5
1 is provided.

According to this structure, the low pressure applied to the shield jack to be tuned can be changed steplessly, and the turning moment can be adjusted with higher precision.

In the above-described embodiment, the change of the direction, that is, the adjustment in the case of turning, has been described as an example of the work. Applied.

The present invention is not limited to the shield excavator of the type shown in FIG. 3, but is applicable to shield excavators in general.

[0031]

According to the directional control apparatus for a shield excavator according to the present invention, the tuning pressure to the shield jack, which has been conventionally only tuned, can be changed, so that the reverse moment with respect to the moment by the shield jack contributing to propulsion. , The direction of the shield excavator can be easily controlled. Also,
High pressure hydraulic pressure on the shield jack that contributes to propulsion
It does not detect and adjust, so the control itself is simple.
It becomes simple.

Also, to a shield jack that contributes to propulsion
Seats that do not contribute to propulsion, regardless of the high hydraulic pressure supplied
Ludo jack is supplied with low oil pressure and synchronized.
When controlling the propulsion direction of the shielded excavator in
Selection switching between high and low oil pressure in rud jack
Only need to be done at this time, shielded by a check valve
The high hydraulic pressure supplied to the jack is
Tuning switching to prevent flow to the lud jack
Easy and reliable shield excavation without operating the valve
Direction control of the cutter can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a direction control device for a shield excavator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a direction control device of a shield excavator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of a shield excavator.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of arrangement of shield jacks in a shield excavator.

FIG. 5 is a drive hydraulic circuit diagram of a conventional shield jack.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavator main body 3 Rotary cutter 9, 9a, 9b Shield jack 11a, 11b Shield jack selection valve 12 Telescopic switching valve 18 Tuning pressure switching valve 35 First tuning pressure setting valve 40 Second tuning pressure selection valve 41 Third tuning pressure selection Valve 42 4th tuning pressure selection valve 43 2nd tuning pressure setting valve 44 3rd tuning pressure setting valve 45 4th tuning pressure setting valve 51 Variable tuning pressure setting valve

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toshihiro Okumura 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seiichi Matsushita 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Corporation (72) Inventor Masago Yasumoto 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Corporation (72) Inventor Koichi Ito 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. Inside the company (72) Inventor Tadashi Higuchi 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Yagura 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (56 References JP-A-2-252894 (JP, A) JP-A-3-42894 (JP, U) JP-A-1-136592 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB Name) E21D 9/06 301 E21 D 9/06 302

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A seal contributing to the propulsion of a shield excavator
While supplying high pressure to Dojakki, by supplying the low pressure to the shield jacks other than contributing shield jacks to the promotion of the shield excavator, to tune the extension of the shield jacks contributing shield jacks to the propulsion Shield to supply high oil pressure in the method of following
Selection of jack and shield jack to supply low oil pressure
When performing replacement, check valve to shield jack
The supplied high hydraulic pressure is changed to the shield jack supplied with low hydraulic pressure.
Seal that contributes to propulsion while preventing flow to the key
Regardless of the operation of supplying high hydraulic pressure to the jack,
Increase or decrease the low oil pressure supplied to shield jacks that do not contribute
A method of controlling the direction of a shielded excavator, wherein the propulsion direction of the shielded excavator is controlled by changing a setting of a low hydraulic pressure to be synchronized . A plurality of shield jacks provided at a rear portion of the shield excavator; a drive hydraulic circuit for supplying high hydraulic pressure for propelling the shield excavator to the shield jack;
A tuned hydraulic circuit unit comprising: a tuned hydraulic circuit unit that reduces the high oil pressure and supplies the shield jack that does not contribute to the propulsion of the shield excavator to extend the shield jack. Is all
The drive hydraulic circuit is connected to a shield jack
One that supplies low oil pressure to the shield jack regardless of movement
Tuning switch valve and tuning oil for setting low hydraulic pressure to be synchronized
Pressure change means and high hydraulic pressure supplied to the shield jack
Prevents low oil pressure from flowing to the supplied shield jack
A direction control device for a shielded excavator , comprising: a check valve for stopping .