JP2989061B2 - Fire alarm - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the detection of fire accuracy, danger, etc. based on detection information relating to physical quantities of fire phenomena such as smoke, heat, gas, etc. The present invention relates to a fire alarm device for obtaining at least one fire information.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There are various methods for detecting fire. For example, considering a case where a fire determination is made based on sensor level, that is, detection information of a fire detector as the simplest method, a fire signal is output when the sensor level exceeds a certain predetermined level. . In this case, the fire signal output from the fire detector is uniquely determined based on whether or not it exceeds a predetermined level, and it cannot be said that various environmental conditions are sufficiently considered. In addition to the detection information from the fire detector, it is also considered to collect environmental information and make a comprehensive fire judgment based on the detected information and the environmental information. In view of this, a sufficiently reliable fire signal has not yet been obtained, and from a human sense, it is not always possible to determine that a fire has occurred even if the fire signal is on.

[0003] In order to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-195495 filed by the present applicant discloses a method of collecting collected information including environmental information more reliably than conventionally performed. A fire alarm device is shown in which a more reliable fire determination is made by processing in (1). That is, the fire alarm device obtains various collected information related to the fire phenomenon and processing information from the collected information, and defines a function for the fire information for each of the obtained collected information and processing information. At the same time, a rule of at least one process to be performed by using the function is defined, and based on the rule of each process and each corresponding function used in the rule of each process, the obtained information Processing is performed to obtain a function value for each rule of each processing, and fire information is obtained by obtaining the center of gravity of the obtained function value. The obtained fire information is compared with, for example, a reference value or the like to determine whether or not a fire has occurred.

In such a fire alarm device, the obtained function values are effectively comprehensively determined, so that highly accurate fire information can be obtained, and thus good fire monitoring can be performed. However, in the inference using such processing rules, since many rules are used, not all of the rules are necessarily working effectively due to, for example, changes over time or changes in the environment. . In order to improve the reliability of the inference, if it is possible to understand how effectively the processing rules used for the inference work on the fire information as the inference result, that is, the relevance thereof, Is advantageous.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fire alarm system as disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, for example, which describes how effectively a rule currently used can be applied to fire information as an inference result. It is to be able to grasp whether it is working or its relevance.

Therefore, according to the present invention, in order to obtain fire information based on various information related to fire phenomena, various collected information related to fire phenomena and processing information obtained from the collected information are obtained. Information acquisition means, and definition means for defining a function for the fire information for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means, and defining at least one processing rule to be performed using the function. Performing the processing of the information obtained by the information acquisition means based on the rules of the respective processes and the corresponding respective functions used in the rules of the respective processes to obtain function values for the respective rules of the respective processes; Processing means for obtaining the fire information by comprehensively judging the obtained function values; and adaptation for calculating and storing the degree of suitability of the function value for each rule of each process to the fire information. Fire alarm device is provided which is characterized by comprising a storage means. It is preferable that the fire alarm device further includes a display unit capable of displaying the contents of the adaptability storage unit as needed.

[0007]

The information relating to the fire phenomenon obtained by the information acquisition means includes not only detection information of physical quantities based on the fire phenomenon, but also various kinds of environmental information such as the size of the room and the ambient temperature which affect the detection information. Also, so-called processing information such as a temporal change amount and an integral value of these information is included.

For example, the definition means, which may be a storage means, defines a function of the acquired information and the fire information for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means by a method such as an expression or a table, and performs processing of the information. At the time of execution, at least one (usually a plurality of) processing rules regarding which acquisition information versus fire information function (one or more functions) should be used are defined.

The processing means processes the information obtained by the information obtaining means based on a plurality of defined processing rules and the corresponding functions used in the respective processing rules. And the function values obtained for each rule are obtained, and the obtained function values are, for example, averaged, and the function values are comprehensively determined. As a result, fire information such as fire accuracy and danger level is obtained.

The fitness storage means calculates and stores the fitness of the function value for each rule of each process to the fire information, for example, when it is determined that a fire has occurred. The degree of conformity can be, for example, a ratio of the function value for each processing rule to the value obtained by comprehensively determining the function value.

As described above, by appropriately selecting a processing rule suitable for an environmental condition and defining it in the defining means in advance, the processing rule can be obtained in consideration of environmental information which affects fire event detection information. It is possible to consider a wide range of acquired information that contributes to the fire information that should be. The processing means processes the obtained information for each defined processing rule suitable for the environmental conditions to obtain fire information, and obtains the center of gravity of the obtained fire information, thereby properly narrowing down a wide range of obtained information. Therefore, highly reliable fire information can be obtained. In the fire alarm device capable of obtaining highly reliable fire information, the suitability storage means calculates and stores the suitability of the function value for each rule of each process with respect to the fire information as appropriate. Therefore, it is possible to understand how effectively the processing rule works on the inference result. That is, by calculating and storing the degree of conformity in this way, it is possible to delete a rule that is not valid by displaying or outputting it later, or to reduce the weight of the rule, If the rules can be appropriately changed in this way, the reliability of inference of fire information can be further enhanced.

[0012]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows a sensor level of an analog physical quantity based on a fire phenomenon detected by each fire detector, which is sent to receiving means such as a fire receiver RE or a repeater. FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram in a case where the present invention is applied to a so-called analog type fire alarm device that makes a fire determination by using the present invention. Of course, the present invention is also applicable to an on / off type fire alarm device in which each fire detector makes a fire judgment and sends only the result to the receiving means.

In FIG. 1, RE is a fire receiver, DE ₁
～DE _N is, for example, a pair of N fire detector analog connected transmission line through the L to the fire receiver RE, such as power supply and signal lines, that one flies fire detector D
Shows the internal circuit in detail only for E _1.

In the fire receiver RE, the MPU 1 is a microprocessor, the ROM 11 is a program storage area for storing programs related to the operation of the present invention described later, the ROM 12 is a storage area for various constant tables, the RO
M13 is a storage area of the terminal address table, ROM
Reference numeral 14 denotes a storage area for a definition function storing various definition functions such as a definition function for the sensor level SLV, a definition function for the integral value, and a definition function for the time.
Is a storage area storing processing rules for each fire detector, RAM 11 is a work area, DP is a display such as a CRT, OP is an operation unit, CL is a clock, TRX 1 is a serial / parallel. A signal transmission / reception unit composed of a converter and a parallel / serial converter, etc., a RAM 12 is a storage area for storing rule conformance, and SW is a conformity display switch. In the case of this embodiment, the fire operation is restored. It shall also serve as a fire operation reset switch for causing a fire. IF11 to IF15 are interfaces.

Further, in the fire detector DE _1, MPU
2 is a microprocessor, ROM 21 is a program storage area, ROM 22 is a self-address storage area,
The RAM 21 is a work area, and FS is a fire phenomenon detection sensor unit for detecting any physical quantity such as heat, smoke, or gas based on a fire phenomenon. Although not shown, an amplifier, a sample hold circuit, an analog It has a digital converter and the like. TRX2 is a signal transmitting / receiving unit similar to TRX1, and IF21 and IF22 are interfaces,
It is.

Storage area R of the defined function in the fire receiver RE
The OM 14 stores various defining functions as shown in (a) to (e) of FIG. 2 in the form of equations or tables, and stores them in the form of (a) to (e) of FIG. In the example, fire accuracy as fire information (vertical axis) for various pieces of acquired information, that is, input information (horizontal axis) is shown. FIG. 2 (a) shows the definition function F ₁ (SLV) for the sensor level SLV from the fire detection sensor unit FS as input information, that is, the fire accuracy in the range of 0 to ₁ . 2 (b), when the sensor unit FS detects temperature, the rate of change of the sensor level from the temperature sensor unit FS as input information ΔSLV, that is, the definition of the fire accuracy with respect to the temperature rise rate. The function F ₂ (△ SLV) is shown in the range of 0 to ₁ (curve b ₁ is the accuracy of a flaming fire, curve b ₂ is the accuracy of a smoldering fire), and FIG.
FIG. 2 (c) shows a definition function F ₃ (ΣSLV) of the fire accuracy with respect to the integrated value ΣSLV of the sensor level in the range of 0 to 1, and FIG. In the case of affecting the fire judgment value, the definition function F ₄ (t) of the fire accuracy with respect to the time t as the environmental information is shown in the range of 0 to 1, and FIG. As eg ceiling height
Defined functions F ₅ fire probability (H) are shown in the range of 0 to 1 with respect to (H). Various other defining functions can be stored in the storage area ROM 14, and can be extracted and used as needed.

In the storage area ROM 15 for processing rules,
The rules of processing to be performed for each fire detector are stored. The rule of each process defines a relationship with output information to be obtained when one or two or more types of obtained information are given. For example, when one type of acquired information is given, an example of defining the relationship with the output information to be obtained is as follows: (i) If the smoke sensor level SLV = X, the accuracy of the fire is F ₁ (X). "The relationship between the sensor level SLV and the fire accuracy is one processing rule. This is because, in this embodiment, the sensor
It can be represented by the definition function of the fire accuracy F ₁ (SLV) for the level SLV. (ii) "If the temperature rise rate △ SLV = Y, the fire accuracy is F
₂ (Y). Is also one rule, which is determined using the definition function of FIG. 2B in this embodiment. (iii) Similarly, the rule “if the integrated value ΣSLV = Z, the fire accuracy is F ₃ (Z).” In this embodiment, the rule is determined using (c) of FIG. If t = T, then the fire accuracy is F ₄ (T). ”In this embodiment, the fire accuracy is determined using (d) of FIG. F ₅ (H)
It is. "Is determined using FIG. 2 (e). Also, when two or more types of acquired information are given, an example of defining the relationship with the output information to be obtained is as follows: (vi) "When detecting smoke in a room with a high ceiling, High "to define the relationship between the ceiling height of the room and the smoke sensor level. Rule in this case, "if the sensor level SLV = X and ceiling height = H, a fire probability = F _6." Expressed so on, in order to obtain the result of this rule, "sensor level SLV = X, then the fire probability F ₁ (X) and a "F ₁ (X) of the" ceiling if height = H, F ₅ (H fire probability F is ₅ (H) " ) Are separately obtained from FIGS. 2A and 2E, and the smaller of F ₁ (X) and F ₅ (H) is determined as the output information F ₆ of the rule in this case. (vii) Another example is “Sensor level SLV = X
And if the time t = T, a fire probability F _7. Rule. This is, for example, the same sensor
Even when the level SLV is detected, it can be used when the fire accuracy differs between day and night. To determine the result of this rule, "if the sensor level SLV = X, fire probability is F ₁ (X)" as described above and F ₁ (X), the "time t
= If T, fire probability F ₄ F ₄ of (T) is "(T) and a, respectively, in FIG. 2 (a) and determined separately from the _{(d), F 1 (X} ) and F ₄ (T) Is smaller than the output information F ₇ of the rule in this case.
Is determined as

One or more of the above-described processing rules are defined for each fire detector, and the storage area R
It is stored in each fire detector area in the OM 15. For example the above (i) with respect to No.1 fire detector DE _1, if that rule is used as described in (iii) and (vii),
No.1 fire detector DE ₁ for the area rule in the storage area ROM15 (i), (iii) and (vii) are stored, below the program stored in the storage area ROM11, based on the rule Using the definition function of FIG. 2 stored in the storage area ROM ₁₄ , output information F ₁ (X) for each rule,
F ₃ (Z) and F ₇ are obtained, and the center of gravity of the results is obtained. In this embodiment, as an operation for obtaining the center of gravity, in this embodiment, a value obtained by dividing the sum of the definition function values obtained for each rule by the number of rules, that is, an average value between the definition functions is obtained.

[0019]

B = (F ₁ (X) + F ₃ (Z) + F ₇ ) / 3

The average value B of the definition function obtained in this manner represents desired fire information, that is, fire accuracy in the present embodiment.

As described above, based on the definition function indicating the relationship between each input value of a large number of environmental information and the fire probability stored in the storage area ROM 14 and the processing rules defined in the storage area ROM 15, Inference is developed by a program in the area ROM 11.

Since the contents of each of the above-mentioned definition functions and each rule can be made detailed from experiments and theory, the value of the definition function as a result obtained for each rule, that is, the fire accuracy is excellent. Since the final result is obtained by further accumulating the results for each rule and taking the average, a numerical value of fire information such as fire accuracy with high reliability can be obtained.

The above-mentioned storage area ROM 14 and ROM
It is preferable that 15 can be rewritten or replaced when necessary such as a change in environmental conditions.

After the fire information is obtained in this manner, the present invention further calculates the degree of conformity of each processing rule with respect to the obtained fire information and stores it in the storage area RAM 12. Is operated so that the degree of conformity can be displayed on the display device DP as needed. In the present embodiment, the calculation of the degree of conformity is performed after it is determined that a fire has occurred and the first fire display is performed. This allows the operator or monitoring personnel to know the degree of effectiveness of the rules of each process used to perform fire monitoring, for example, to determine whether maintenance or system changes are required. This is advantageous for judgment.

Hereinafter, the operation of the fire alarm device shown by the block circuit in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. FIGS. 3 to 5 are flowcharts showing the operation of the fire receiver RE. FIGS.
4 and FIG. 5, and FIG. 5 is connected to FIG. 3 to form one flowchart. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the fire detector DE ₁ side.

The fire receiver RE in Figure 1, intended to make the signal processing in the order for each of the fire detector DE ₁ ~DE _N of 1~N number. Hereinafter, the description will be given taking the case of the _first fire detector DE ₁ as an example. For the 1st fire detector DE _1, described above as the rule of the processing (i), (iii) and (vii) is employed and therefore as a defined function of FIG. 2 (a), (c)
And (d) shall be used.

In the fire receiver RE, first, the processing rules for the _first fire detector DE ₁ are read from the area for the first fire detector DE ₁ in the processing storage area ROM 15.
(i), (iii) and (vii) are read (step 304), and then a data return command is sent to the _first fire detector DE1 (step 305). Processing rules (i), (iii) and (v)
When performing signal processing in accordance with ii), the aforementioned rule (i),
As can be seen from the explanations in (iii) and (vii), only the sensor level SLV is required as information to be collected from the fire detector, and therefore, the content of the return command sent as a data return command is This is a level only return command.

When a data return command is received from the fire receiver RE (Y in step 402 in FIG. 6), the first fire detector DE ₁ receives a sensor level from the fire phenomenon detection sensor unit FS via the interface IF21. The SLV is read (step 404), and is read by the interface IF2.
2 is returned from the signal transmitting / receiving unit TRX2 to the fire receiver RE via the transmission line L (step 406).

When the data, that is, the sensor level SLV ₁ is returned from the _first fire detector DE _{1 in} this manner, the fire receiver RE stores it as SLV ₁ in the work area RAM 11 (step 306). ), it determines the sensor level SLV ₁ is about whether or not a predetermined level LV ₁ or more (step 308).

If the sensor level SLV ₁ is a predetermined level L
If less than V ₁ (N in step 308), go to the processing of the next fire detector without this fire detector DE ₁ is performed nothing.

If the sensor level SLV ₁ is a predetermined level
If LV ₁ or more (Y in step 308), the rule
for the treatment of (iii), the integral value S of the period the sensor level SLV ₁ is the predetermined level LV ₁ or more is determined (step 310), for processing the rules (vii), through the interface IF14 Then, the time T is read from the clock CL (step 312).

Next, as the processing of the rule (i), the definition function value F for the sensor level SLV _{1 is} calculated from the definition function of FIG.
₁ (SLV ₁ ) is obtained (step 314), and as a process of the rule (iii), a definition function value F ₃ (for the integral value S from the definition function of FIG. S) is determined (step 316) and the rule
As part of the process (vii), the storage area ROM 14
The definition function value F ₄ (T) with respect to the time T is obtained from the definition function shown in FIG.
8). Next, as further processing of the rule (vii), the definition function values F ₁ (SLV ₁ ) and F ₄ (T) are compared (step 32).
0), the smaller one is left as F ₇ (step 322 or 324).

Finally, the average B of F ₁ (SLV ₁ ), F ₃ (S) and F ₇ is taken (step 326), and the value B is used as an average fire accuracy by the indicator D via the interface IF12.
P is displayed as a percentage (step 328).

The fire accuracy B is compared with a fire accuracy reference value F stored in the storage area ROM 12 of various constant tables (step 330). If it is determined that the fire accuracy B is equal to or greater than the reference value F, A fire display is performed on the display device DP (step 332).

If it is determined that the fire accuracy B is equal to or larger than the reference value F, it is further determined whether or not the determination is the first one, that is, whether or not the first fire display is made (step 334). If it is the first fire display (Y in step 334), the function value obtained by the rule of each process or the conformity of the output information is calculated according to the following formula, and stored for the rule conformity storage. Area RAM12
(Step 336).

[0036]

[Equation 2] Fitness of processing rule (i) = F ₁ (SLVn) / B

[0037]

[Equation 3] Fitness of processing rule (iii) = F ₃ (S) / B

[0038]

[Equation 4] Fitness of processing rule (vii) = F ₇ / B

When calculating the degree of conformity of the output information obtained by the rules of each processing, it is determined whether or not the first fire display is made. If a fire has occurred once, the fire situation will progress. Therefore, the function value or output information obtained based on the data collected from the fire detector after that is different from the function value or output information that was initially determined to have a fire, and a value that can be definitely determined to be a fire in progress Therefore, even if the degree of conformity of each process rule to output information different from the first fire occurrence time is calculated, the judgment of the fire occurrence time, that is, the rule of each process for early detection of a fire is determined. This is because it is not a judgment of suitability.

Thus, the signal processing for the _first fire detector DE ₁ is completed, and then the same signal processing is continued for the fire detector DE ₂ (N in step 338 and step 302). . In this way, the processing of the fire detector is continued in order, and the last Nth fire detector D
When the processing of E _N is completed (Y in step 338), if any degree of conformity is stored in the storage area RAM 12 for storing the degree of conformity of a rule, the degree of conformity is displayed in FIG. Go to work.

In FIG. 5, first, FIG. 3 and FIG.
If none of the fire detectors from No. 1 to N perform a fire operation in the processing operation of No. 1, and therefore no fire display is performed, the first first fire detector D
Similar process returns to E ₁ is going to be continued (step 3
N of 40, N of step 342, step 348 and step 301).

If any one of the fire detectors fires and a fire display is performed, and the fire display is not yet cleared (Y in step 340), this means that the fire is still calmed down. Since the return operation has not been performed because the fire situation is continuing, the operation for displaying the fitness is not performed.
Returning to the _first fire detector DE1, a signal processing operation for fire monitoring is performed.

If the fire subsides after any one of the fire detectors fires and displays a fire,
Compatibility display switch SW that doubles as a fire reset switch
Is operated to perform the return operation of the fire alarm device. When the return operation is performed in this manner, the fire indication on the display unit DP is also cleared (N in step 340), and in conjunction with the operation of the suitability display switch SW (Y in step 342), The display operation of the degree of conformity becomes possible.

That is, the fitness calculated and stored in step 336 is read from the storage area RAM 12 for storing the rule compliance (step 344), and the first fire is displayed on the cleared display DP. It is displayed as fitness for detector DE ₁ (step 346). In the present embodiment, the fire detector D calculated in step 336
Only fit to the three rules in E ₁ is, although assumed to be stored in the storage area RAM 12, If there is a fire operation in other fire detector, adapted at that operating the fire detector Since the degree is also stored in the storage area RAM12, it is also displayed as the degree of suitability for the other fire detector.

Thereafter, if the suitability display switch SW is turned off (N in step 342), the display content of the display DP is cleared (step 348), and the normal fire monitoring state is continued.

In the above embodiment, the case where the suitability display switch SW also serves as a fire operation return switch has been described. However, a fire operation return switch may be provided separately from the suitability display switch SW. . If the fire operation recovery switch and the suitability display switch are separately provided, the suitability display switch SW is always turned to the ON side, and is turned off only when the display contents are cleared (N in step 342). And step 348).

In the above embodiment, different processing rules are applied to each fire detector. However, when the environmental conditions in which each fire detector is installed are the same, , The same processing rules may be used throughout the fire detector. In this case, the processing rules to be used are incorporated in the program of the ROM 11 so that the processing rule storage area ROM
15 can be unnecessary. Also, storage area ROM
The definition functions stored in 14 can be limited to those required for the same processing rules of all the fire detectors, and the program stored in the storage area ROM 11 is the same as that in step 304 in FIG. Can be removed, making it easier.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention, a function for fire information is defined for each piece of information obtained by the information obtaining means in order to obtain highly reliable fire information in consideration of a wide range of obtained information. In addition, the processing rules suitable for the environmental conditions to be performed using the function are appropriately selected and defined in advance, and the obtained information is processed for each defined processing rule to obtain fire information, In the fire alarm system which comprehensively judges the obtained function values, the degree of conformity of the function value for each processing rule to the fire information is calculated and stored. Thus, it is possible to know later how effective the fire information is, and therefore, it is possible to grasp the reliability of the fire alarm device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a fire alarm device to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a definition function that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device of FIG. 1 on the fire receiver side.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device of FIG. 1 on the fire receiver side.

5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device of FIG. 1 on the fire receiver side, and leads to FIGS. 4 and 3, respectively.

6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device of FIG. 1 on the fire detector side.

[Explanation of symbols]

RE fire receiver MPU1 microprocessor ROM11 program storage area ROM14 storage area SW adaptability of the storage area RAM12 rule adaptability storing definition function storage area ROM15 processing rule display switch CL timepiece DE ₁ ~DE _N fire detector FS Sensor for detecting fire phenomena

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An information acquisition means for obtaining various pieces of information related to a fire phenomenon and processing information from the collected information in order to obtain fire information based on various pieces of information related to a fire phenomenon. A definition means for defining a function for the fire information for each piece of information obtained by the acquisition means, and defining at least one processing rule to be performed using the function, Based on the corresponding functions used in the rules of the respective processes, the information obtained by the information acquisition unit is processed to obtain function values for the rules of the respective processes, and the obtained function values are integrated. Processing means for obtaining the fire information by making a judgment in a suitable manner; and a fitness storage means for calculating and storing the fitness of the function value for each rule of each process with respect to the fire information. Fire alarm system according to claim and. 2. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit capable of displaying the contents of the matching degree storage unit as needed.