JP2986408B2 - 4-way switching valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a four-way switching system which is installed in a pipeline connecting an emergency water storage tank and a water main used in an earthquake disaster or the like to change respective flow paths. It is about a valve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, emergency water tanks (tanks) are provided in roads, schoolyards or underground parks, for example, in order to secure living water for local residents in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake or to provide water for fire extinguishing. It is buried.

[0003] In this emergency water storage tank equipment, as shown in Fig. 7, a bypass pipe P is provided in a water main pipe S, a water storage tank (tank) T is provided in the bypass pipe P, and a bypass pipe P is provided. Emergency shut-off valves 1a and 1b are respectively provided on the outflow and inflow side of the water supply, and an emergency open valve 2 is provided in the water main pipe S between the bypass pipes P. In the figure, 3 is a fire hydrant, 4 is a manual pump, and 5 is an air valve.

In normal times, the emergency shutoff valves 1a, 1b
Is opened, the emergency on-off valve 2 is closed, water flows in the directions indicated by arrows a, b, c, and d to store water in the water storage tank T, and water is prevented from stagnating in the water storage tank T, and Has been prevented. On the other hand, in an emergency such as an earthquake (emergency), the emergency shutoff valves 1a and 1b are closed, the emergency release valve 2 is opened, the flow of the water main S is secured, and the water storage tank T is connected to the water main S. To prevent the water from flowing out of the water storage tank T due to the siphon phenomenon, and secure the water.

[0005] In this emergency water storage tank facility, as a technique for performing the emergency shut-off valves 1a and 1b and the on-off valve 2 with one valve, Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. Hei 6-59673,
Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 21275 and the like employ a four-way butterfly valve.

As shown in FIG. 8, the butterfly valve V has a bypass pipe P connected to one of two ports and a water main pipe S connected to the other two ports. And water is circulated as indicated by arrows a, b, c and d,
In an emergency, the valve 7 is positioned as shown by the solid line, and the bypass pipe P and the water main pipe P are cut off.

[0007]

The above valves 1a, 1b, 2
The installation of three units is not economical, and the maintenance is also difficult. The larger number of units has a high probability of failure and lacks reliability. In addition, it is necessary to operate the valves 1a, 1b, and 2 simultaneously or sequentially, so that operability is poor. Furthermore, a large installation space is required.

[0008] In the case of using the butterfly valve V, the above-mentioned problems can be solved because there is only one valve. However, since the opening and closing operation of the valve element 7 is a rotary motion, the rotary mechanism tends to be large. If the rotation angle is not accurate, accurate opening and closing cannot be performed. Therefore, the water stoppage due to the pressure contact between the valve body 7 and the valve seat based on the rotation operation cannot sufficiently obtain the water stoppage.

An object of the present invention is to provide a four-way switching valve that switches the flow path between the water main pipe S and the bypass pipe P by moving the valve stem in the axial direction under the above circumstances. And

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a valve stem having a valve stem which slides on the same axis in a valve box, and a partition wall which crosses the valve stem is provided with a valve. The valve body is provided at three locations in the axial direction of the rod, and the inside of the valve box is divided into four chambers of a first, second, third, and fourth order in the axial direction, and ports are formed in the respective chambers. A communication hole through which the valve stem penetrates is formed in each of the partition walls, and a first valve seat is formed around the communication hole between the first chamber and the second chamber, and a communication hole is formed around the communication hole between the second chamber and the third chamber. A second valve seat, a third valve seat is provided on the periphery of the communication hole between the third chamber and the fourth chamber, and a valve body is provided on the valve rod to contact and separate from the valve seat to open and close the communication hole. When each of the valve bodies comes into contact with the first and third valve seats, the valve body separates from the second valve seat and the second
The structure is such that the first and third valve seats are separated from each other when they come into contact with the valve seats.

In the four-way switching valve of this configuration, the valve body comes into contact with the first and third valve seats and the valve body separates from the second valve seat due to the axial movement of the valve stem. , The fourth chamber is closed and the second and third chambers are in communication with each other, the valve body is separated from the first and third valve seats, the valve body abuts on the second valve seat, and the first
The chamber and the second chamber and the third and fourth chambers are switched to each other in a state of communicating with each other.

[0012] In the four-way switching valve having this configuration, the valve element that is in contact with and separates from the second valve seat and the third valve seat is also used, and the valve element is selectively connected to and separated from both valve seats. (Claim 2).

With this configuration, the number of valve elements is reduced by one, so that the valve box can be correspondingly reduced in size and the valve itself can be reduced in size.

Further, in the four-way switching valve of the above two constructions, the valve element that comes into contact with and separates from the second valve seat is large enough to pass through the first valve seat, and the valve element that comes into contact with and separates from the third valve seat is the first. It is preferable to set the size so as to pass through the second valve seat (claim 3).

With this arrangement, all the valve elements can be inserted into the valve box from the first valve seat side, and the packing (sealing) of the valve elements can be easily replaced, which is advantageous for maintenance. It becomes something.

In order to use the four-way switching valve of each configuration in the above-mentioned emergency water storage tank facility, the bypass pipe is connected to the first and fourth chambers, and the second and third chambers are connected. The water main is connected to the valve main body, the valve box is provided with a cylinder in which the valve rod is inserted, and in this cylinder, a piston interlocked with the valve rod is provided, and the piston is moved from the second valve seat to the valve body from the second valve seat. A spring for biasing the valve body in a direction in which the valve body comes into contact with the first and third valve seats is provided, and a water pressure in the water main is applied to the piston so as to oppose a biasing force of the spring. During normal times when the water pressure is high, the water pressure separates the valve bodies from the first and third valve seats, and the valve bodies come into contact with the second valve seats.
In an emergency when the water pressure is low, the spring causes the valve bodies to abut against the first and third valve seats and separates the valve bodies from the second valve seat (claim 4).

According to this configuration, the valve stem automatically moves via the spring by the water pressure of the water main, and the above-mentioned two states are selectively performed. Is made. In particular, even if an emergency condition occurs due to a temporary decrease in the water pressure, when the water pressure is restored, the water automatically returns to a normal state when the water pressure returns, and the water in the water storage tank does not stagnate and rot.

At this time, it is preferable that the cylinder is provided with a pilot valve for applying the water pressure of the water main to the cylinder in the normal time, and for interrupting the application of the water pressure from the water main to the cylinder in an emergency. (Claim 5).

When the pilot valve is provided in this manner, the movement of the piston due to the water pressure of the water main is ensured.

[0020]

1 and 2 show one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a valve box, one divided body 10a having a first port (port) 11a and a second port (port) 11b, a third port (port) 11c, and a fourth port (port). 11d and a lid 10c of one of the divided bodies 10a.
0b, one of the divided bodies 10a and the lid 10c are integrated by a bolt 13 with a packing (seal) 12 interposed therebetween. Bolts 13 are provided at appropriate positions around the periphery.

A valve rod 14 is inserted into the center of the valve box 10.
The valve stem 14 is supported movably in the axial direction by bearings 15a and 15b on the bottom surface of the lid 10c and the other divided body 10b. In the valve box 10, partition walls 16a, 16b, and 16c are provided to cross the valve rod 14, and the first chamber 17a of the first port 11a, the second chamber 17b of the second port 11b, and the third port 11c of the third port 11c are provided. It is divided into four chambers of a third chamber 17c and a fourth chamber 17d of a fourth port 11d.

The partition walls 16a, 16b, 16c are formed with communication holes 18a, 18b, 18c through which the valve rod 14 penetrates, and the peripheral edges of the holes 18a, 18b, 18c are first, second, and third valves. The seats are 19a, 19b, and 19c. The valve stem 14 is provided with valve bodies 20a and 20b which are in contact with and separated from the valve seats 19a, 19b and 19c. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower valve body 20b comes into contact with the second valve seat 19b. The upper valve body 20a is separated from the first valve seat 19a, and as shown in FIG.
The upper valve body 20a comes into contact with the first valve seat 19a when coming into contact with the third valve seat 19c apart from the first valve seat 9b. Valve seats 19a, 19b, 19c of the valve bodies 20a, 20b
A seal 21 is provided on the contact surface with the seal to ensure watertightness.

The upper portion of the lid 10c of the valve box 10 is cylindrical, and a cylinder with a cover is screwed into the cylindrical portion to form a cylinder 22, into which the upper end of the valve rod 14 is inserted. The piston 23 is fixed to the end. This piston 23 is pushed downward by a spring 24. On the opposite side of the spring 24 of the cylinder 22, a pilot pipe 25 communicating with the second chamber 11b via a return pilot valve 30 and a shutoff pilot valve 40 is connected.

Return and shutoff pilot valves 30, 40
Has diaphragms 31 and 41 such as Velofram (trade name of Fujikura Rubber Co., Ltd.), springs 32 and 42 for pressing the diaphragms 31 and 41, and valve bodies 33 and 43 that are moved by the diaphragms 31 and 41. Return pilot valve 30
As described later, when the water pressure of the water main S is a normal required value, when the water pressure is applied from the second chamber 11b to the diaphragm 31 via the pilot pipe 25, the water is bent upward as shown in FIG. When the valve seat 34 is opened and its water pressure is applied to the piston 23, when the water pressure decreases, the diaphragm 32 is bent downward by the spring 32 to close the valve seat 34 and the hydraulic piston 23 as shown in FIG. Stop applying to the. When the water pressure is normal, when the water pressure is applied to the diaphragm 41, the shutoff pilot valve 40 bends upward as shown in FIG. 1, closes the valve seat 44, and maintains the water pressure application in the cylinder 22. On the other hand, when the water pressure decreases, the diaphragm 41 bends downward by the spring 42 to open the valve seat 44 and release the water pressure in the cylinder 22 as shown in FIG.

The four-way switching valve of this embodiment has the above-described configuration. When the four-way switching valve is used in the above-mentioned emergency water storage tank facility, the bypass having the water storage tank T interposed between the first and fourth ports 11a and 11d is used. A water main S is connected to the pipe P, the second and third ports 11b and 11c.

In this connection state, in normal times, the water pressure in the water main S also has a predetermined value, and as shown in FIG. To move upward (top dead center position), the valve rod 14 is also positioned upward, and the valve element 20b is moved to the second valve seat 19b.
And the valve body 20a keeps the state separated from the first valve seat 19a. In this state, the first chamber 17a and the second chamber 17b communicate with each other, and the third chamber 17c and the fourth chamber 17d communicate with each other. The water in the water main S flows like a solid line or a chain line in FIG. Pass through.

On the other hand, in an emergency such as when an earthquake occurs, the water pressure in the water main S decreases. Due to this decrease in water pressure, as shown in FIG. 2, no water pressure is applied to the cylinder 22 via the pilot valves 30 and 40, and the piston 23 is moved downward by the spring 24 (bottom dead center position), and the valve rod 14 Is also located below, the valve body 20b separates from the second valve seat 19b and contacts the third valve seat 19c, and the valve body 20a is
It contacts the valve seat 19a. In this state, the second chamber 17b and the third chamber 17c communicate with each other, and the first and fourth chambers 17a and 17d are shut off from the second and third chambers 17b and 17c.
The water in the water main S flows like a solid line or a chain line in the figure, and the water in the water storage tank T does not flow out.

When the water pressure of the water main pipe S rises and returns to a required value in the closed state of the water storage tank T, the water pressure is applied to the cylinder 22 via the return pilot valve 30 and cut off. The flow of water from inside the cylinder 22 is blocked by the pilot valve 40, and the piston 23 is moved upward by the required water pressure to return to the state shown in FIG. That is, even if the water pressure in the water main S is temporarily reduced for some reason, the state automatically returns to the state of flowing water to the water storage tank T.

In this embodiment, the lower valve body 20b is
First valve seat 19a (communication hole 18a) and second valve seat 19b
(The communication hole 18b), the cover 10
When c is removed, the valve stem 14, each of the valve bodies 20a and 20b, and the valve seat can be taken out of the valve box 10, and maintenance such as replacement of the seat is very simple.

The embodiment shown in FIG.
0 and 40 are constituted by one pilot valve 50, and first and second solenoid valves 57 and 58 are provided in the pipe 25 from the pilot valve 50 to the cylinder 22. In normal times, the first solenoid valve 57 is open and the second solenoid valve 58 is closed, and the water pressure in the second chamber 17b (water main S) deflects the diaphragm 51 upward as shown by the solid line against the spring 52. The first valve body 53 separates from the first valve seat 54, and the second valve body 55 comes into contact with the second valve seat 56.
3 to raise the piston 23 against the spring 24. For this reason, each valve body 20a, 20b in the valve box 10
Is in a normal state as indicated by the solid line.

On the other hand, in an emergency, the first solenoid valve 57 is closed,
The second solenoid valve 58 is opened, and the second chamber 11b (water main S).
The diaphragm 51 is bent downward by a spring 52 as shown by a chain line in FIG.
The second valve body 55 separates from the second valve seat 56 while abutting on the valve seat 54 to prevent the flow into the cylinder 22,
The inside of the cylinder 22 is opened. Therefore, the valve stem 14 is lowered by the spring 24, and each of the valve bodies 20a and 20b in the valve box 10 is brought into an emergency state as shown by a chain line.

In this embodiment, even if the emergency state is temporarily reached, if the required pressure is applied to the pilot valve 50 again, the normal state is restored by the above-described operation.

In this embodiment, the pilot valve 50
And the solenoid valves 57 and 58 respectively adjust the water pressure to the cylinder 22 to switch the flow path. The self-pressure type using the water pressure of the water main pipe P has priority. For this reason, the solenoid valves 57 and 58 do not always need to be provided. Manual valves may be used instead of the solenoid valves 57 and 58, and the pilot valves 30, 4 and 4, including the embodiment of FIG.
Alternatively, the cylinder 22 (piston 23) may be operated only by the solenoid valves 57, 58 and the manual valve while stopping 0 and 50.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
This valve body 20b is brought into contact with and separated from the lower surface of the second valve seat 19b or the upper surface of the third valve seat 19c to open and close the valve. If the cylinder 22 cannot be provided directly on the valve box cover 10c due to some reason, as shown in FIG. 3, the cylinder 22 is provided at a required height with a column 60 having an appropriate length. In the figure, 61 is a coupling for connecting the valve stem 14.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the other divided body 10b of the valve box 10 is rotated by 90 degrees so that the first and second ports
Third and fourth ports 11c and 41d for 1a and 11b
In a right angle direction. By doing so, the interference of the flanges of each port can be avoided, so that the length in the vertical direction can be compressed and the size can be reduced. In the figure, reference numeral 70 denotes a second and a third provided between the partition walls 16b and 16c.
These seats form the valve seats 19b and 19c, have a cylindrical shape, and have a through hole around them. Reference numeral 71 denotes a guide provided on the valve body 20b, which slides on the inner surface of the seat 70. This guide 71
, The lower bearing 15b becomes unnecessary, which contributes to downsizing.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which each valve seat 19a, 1
The valve bodies 20a, 20b, and 20c are provided on 9b and 19c, respectively. The solid line state indicates a normal state, and the chain line state indicates an emergency. As described above, if the valve element is separated, the valve element does not need to move between the two valve seats, and the stroke of the valve rod 14 at the time of opening and closing the valve can be shortened. It will be effective.

[0037]

According to the present invention, since the flow path is switched by moving the valve stem in the axial direction thereof, the water can be completely stopped, the structure is simple, and the structure is compact. Can also be achieved.

Further, by adopting the emergency water storage tank equipment, the switching of the flow path can be performed only by the valve of the present invention, the operability is good, and the operation is self-pressure type, manual type or electric signal type. It can easily correspond to any of the equations.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment in a normal state.

FIG. 2 is an emergency cross-sectional view of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of an emergency water storage tank facility.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 P bypass pipe S water main pipe T water tank (tank) 10 valve box 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d port (port) 14 valve stem 16a, 16b, 16c partition wall 17a first chamber 17b second chamber 17c third chamber 17d Fourth chamber 18a, 18b, 18c Communication hole 19a First valve seat 19b Second valve seat 19c Third valve seat 20a, 20b, 20c Valve body 22 Cylinder 23 Piston 24 Spring 25 Pilot tube 30 Return pilot valve 40 Pilot for shutoff Valve 50 Pilot valve

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-64-21275 (JP, A) JP-A-4-102780 (JP, A) JP-A-6-59673 (JP, U) JP-A-4-596 49274 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 4-73667 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16K 11/00-11/24 F16K 17/00-17/34 F16K 31/12-31/128

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A valve rod 14 that slides on the same axis is provided in a valve box 10, and partition walls 16a and 1
6b and 16c are provided at three positions in the axial direction of the valve stem 14, and the inside of the valve box 10 is first, second, and
Third and fourth chambers 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d are divided into ports 11a, 11b, and 11 respectively.
c, 11d, and communication holes 18a, 18b, 18c through which the valve rod 14 penetrates are formed in the respective partition walls, and a first hole is formed in the periphery of the communication hole 18a between the first chamber 17a and the second chamber 17b.
Communication hole 18 between valve seat 19a, second chamber 17b and third chamber 17c
b, the second valve seat 19b, the third chamber 17c, and the fourth chamber 17d
The third valve seat 19c is provided on the periphery of the communication hole 18c, respectively.
The valve stem 14 is provided with valve bodies 20a and 20b which contact with and separate from the respective valve seats to open and close the communication holes, and the respective valve bodies are brought into contact with the first and third valve seats 19a and 19c. ,
A four-way switching valve which is separated from the second valve seat 19b and separated from the first and third valve seats 19a and 19c when abutting on the second valve seat 19b. 2. A valve body 20b which is in contact with and separates from the second valve seat 19b and the third valve seat 19c, so that the valve body 20b is selectively connected to and separated from both valve seats 19b and 19c. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein 3. The valve body 20b that comes into contact with and separates from the second valve seat 19b is large enough to pass through the first valve seat 19a, and the valve body 20b that comes into contact with and separates from the third valve seat 19c is the first and second valve seats 19a. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the switching valve is set to have a size passing through 19b. 4. A bypass pipe P provided with an emergency water storage tank T in the water main pipe S to open and close the communication between the water main pipe S and the bypass pipe P so that the flow of the water main pipe S is controlled by the bypass pipe. The four-way switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is used for switching a flow path in a state in which P passes and a state in which P does not pass. The bypass pipe P is connected, the water main pipe S is connected to the second chamber 17b and the third chamber 17c, and the cylinder 22 in which the valve rod 14 is inserted into the valve box 10.
And a piston 23 interlocked with the valve rod 14 is provided in the cylinder 22, and the piston 23 is separated from the second valve seat 19b by the valve body 20b, so that the first and third valve seats 1 are provided.
9a, 19c is provided with a spring 24 for urging in the direction in which the valve bodies 20a, 20b are in contact with each other, and a water pressure in the water main S is applied to the piston 23 so as to oppose the urging force of the spring 24; During normal times when the water pressure is high, the first and third
The valve bodies 20a and 20b are separated from the valve seats 19a and 19c, respectively, and the valve body 20b comes in contact with the second valve seat 19b.
The first and third valve seats 19a, 19c have valve bodies 20a,
20b comes into contact with the second valve seat 19b and the valve body 2
A four-way switching valve for an emergency water tank, wherein 0b is separated. 5. The pilot valve 40 for applying the water pressure of the water main pipe S to the cylinder 22 in the normal state and shutting off the application of the water pressure from the water main pipe S to the cylinder 22 in an emergency. The four-way switching valve for an emergency water storage tank according to claim 4, wherein the four-way switching valve is provided on the emergency storage tank.