JP2985037B2 - Panoramic and stereo panoramic cameras - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

First, in a conventional camera-rotating panoramic camera, the rotation axis of the camera is generally located on the center or the optical axis of the photographing lens. In order not to prevent obstruction, special consideration was required in the attachment, but by shifting the position of this rotation axis, the optical axis and the rotation axis are perpendicular to each other, and smaller than the focal length of the lens. They were arranged with no gaps between them. As a result, the rotation axis and the concentric cylinder can be placed in the dark box without obstructing the light coming from the subject. Next, the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical body is made equal to the focal length of the photographing lens, and the photographing film pulled out from the film storage chamber attached to the camera body is attached so that the photosensitive surface thereof is in contact with the cylindrical surface. When the camera body is rotated in the direction in which the contact surface between the photosensitive film and the cylindrical body of the photographing film increases while leaving the cylindrical body fixed to the support table, and the static friction force acting on the contact surface, As a result, the film was pulled, and successively new parts wrapped around the cylindrical surface and moved from the film storage room toward the cylindrical body, so that the film feeding continued.

When the film is attached to the panoramic camera constructed as described above by the above-described method, and the camera body is driven and rotated in a direction in which the contact area between the film and the cylindrical surface increases, the camera comes out of a distant subject. The light beam that has passed through the taking lens forms an image on a portion of the photosensitive surface of the film, which is between the film storage chamber and the cylindrical surface, and is in a plate shape. The movement of the image occurs in synchronization with the rotation of the camera, since this is the same as the rotation of the subject. Since the film is wound on the cylindrical surface simultaneously with the rotation of the camera, the film moves in synchronization with the rotation of the camera. From this, the movement of the image and the movement of the film are synchronized. Next, when examining the length and direction of these two movements, assuming that the camera body is now rotated by the angle θ, the movement of the image of the object at infinity with respect to the camera is fθ when the focal length of the lens is f. Since the translation of the object is insignificant at infinity, this length does not change regardless of the position of the rotation axis. Also, when the camera body is rotated by the angle θ, the length of the film wrapped around the cylinder is apparently fθ because the radius of the cylinder is equal to the focal length f of the lens. Matches the length of Regarding the direction of movement, in the case of FIG. 1, when the camera body is rotated clockwise with respect to the subject, the subject rotates counterclockwise with respect to the lens. Therefore, the image of the subject behind the lens also rotates counterclockwise about the lens, and moves from the right to the left in the drawing, ie, from right to left in the drawing. At this time, the direction in which the film moves is a direction in which the film is wound up by the cylindrical body and moves away from the film storage chamber, so that the direction from right to left is the same as the direction in which the image moves. After all, about the movement of the statue and the film,
Since the timing, direction, and length are the same, the photosensitive surface of the film can be exposed as a subject image without any shift. Even when the subject has a close-up view, it is extremely rare that a photographic part in which this does not hold is possible. From the above, this panoramic camera can obtain almost the same photograph as long as the same subject is photographed, even if the distance between the rotation axis of the camera and the optical axis of the lens is changed or the rotation direction of the camera is changed. The stereo panoramic camera according to claim 2 utilizes this fact. This camera has two lenses, each having an optical axis at a position apart from each other, and both are directed to the same subject. For example, in the camera of FIG. 3, one lens shoots while approaching the subject, and the other lens shoots while moving away from the subject. However, since the position of the lens at the time of photographing is different, there is also a difference in the photograph, and it is possible to observe it as a stereoscopic panorama by continuously viewing it with both eyes. In order to manufacture such a stereo panoramic camera in which two lenses are mounted on one camera, the panoramic camera according to claim 1 is more advantageous in terms of form and function than those of other systems. Simple and advantageous. The camera attachment according to the third aspect utilizes the fact that the left half of the panoramic camera as shown in FIG. 1 is almost equal to the ordinary camera, so that the function of the right half of the panoramic camera of FIG. 1 can be easily attached to and detached from the ordinary camera. This is convenient when trying to change an ordinary camera into a panoramic camera.

The effects common to the panoramic cameras of the type according to the present invention will be described below. The first is the effect of removing the intermediate media, which is considered to be the cause of the lack of bright and dark vertical lines in the photographed image. As described in the Background of the Invention section, this vertical line of light and darkness is caused by the technique of rotating a camera to take a picture over 360 degrees.
Years ago, it remained a difficult problem to solve and has caused a decrease in interest in panoramic cameras (see JP-A-55-74534, page 12). Much of their efforts have been focused on smoothing the rotational drive, and the machinery for linking the film feed with the speed of camera rotation tends to be increasingly complex and sophisticated, and the gear teeth Any single defect or even a single grain of dust between the teeth will always appear as a vertical line in the picture, which is considered a fatal defect for this type of camera, which has many advantages. However, conventional cameras that require a combination of sophisticated mechanical parts (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 48-60630)
Claims and FIGS. 1 to 6, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-1438
18, claims and FIG.
Instead of the detailed description of the invention, see page 6), the camera according to the invention does not use any mechanical device for speed adjustment, which is the source of these drawbacks, but uses a vertical line caused by the mechanical device. This makes it possible to take sharp pictures without any worries, because all of the cameras in the above examples have the rotation axis of the camera in the center or center line of the taking lens and the rotation axis or film in the dark box through which the film passes. Although it was impossible to place a cylinder for feeding, it was proved that changing the position of the rotation axis did not change the photograph, which made it possible to place the cylinder, The advantage of the present invention is that the film is attached to this cylindrical body, and the film is fed directly, automatically and synchronously. Secondly, the photographed image is sharp. This is because, due to the form of the camera, the rotational moment of inertia is large, fortunately, the rotation is smooth, and the film feed speed is not disturbed. This is the effect of the structure. Third, it can be manufactured at a low cost. This is because the mechanism is simple and precision parts for feeding the film are no longer required.
In order to link the rotation of the camera and the film feed, there have appeared those using expensive special electric motors and electronic control devices, but the present invention is in sharp contrast. Fourth, it is easy to use a stereo panoramic camera, and a photograph with a sense of reality can be obtained. As illustrated in FIG. 3, in a camera-rotating stereo panoramic camera that does not use a mirror or a prism, two lenses whose center lines are generally parallel lines separated by a stereo base length,
A common rotation axis is required for these, but in the conventional camera, the rotation axis was basically placed on the center of the lens or on the center line of the lens. It is thought that it was impossible to satisfy the conditions at the same time, and it is thought that this type of camera was postponed, but even if the position of the rotation axis was changed, exactly the same stereo panoramic photograph could be obtained. It is an advantage of the present invention that it has been demonstrated to facilitate the design of this type of camera. Fifth, since there are many parts in common with the ordinary camera, this panoramic camera can be easily used as an ordinary camera, and the ordinary camera can easily be used as a panoramic camera.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 2, an optical axis 2 of a photographing lens 1 and a rotation axis 3 which supports a camera body are perpendicular to each other.
One end of the rotating shaft 3 is located at a position not less than the focal length of the lens, and one end of the rotating shaft 3 is
Fixed to 1. A cylindrical body 4 having a radius equal to the focal length of the lens is concentrically fixed to the rotating shaft 3. Now, the back cover 7 is opened, the film is pulled out from the film storage chamber 6, one end of the film is attached to the locking portion 10 attached to the cylindrical surface 5, and the back cover 7 is closed. In a weak force.
Here, when the camera body is rotated clockwise around the rotation axis 3, the film is wound on a cylindrical surface, and its speed is equal to the speed at which the subject image moves on the film immediately after the slit. Are exposed as a subject image without blur. FIG. 2 is a partially sectional elevation view of the camera.
The state of attachment of the rotation drive mechanism 12 and attachment to the fixed base 11 is also shown. The drive wheel 13 is rotated by the rotation drive mechanism 12, and the camera body integrated therewith is rotated. However, since the cylindrical body 4 is fixed, it does not rotate, but is connected to this and comes out on the upper bearing 14. The shutter position setting panel 16 does not rotate. If the shutter open position and the shutter close position are set on the setting panel 16, the shutter opens and closes at the set position by the setting panel interlocking shutter mechanism 17. FIG. 3 shows an example of a stereo panoramic camera, which is the same as FIG. 1 up to the photographing lens 1, the cylindrical body 4, the film storage room 6, and the locking portion 10, but the second photographing lens 19, the second film storage room. 18. Press roller 2
0, take-up spool 21, second slit plate 22, second
A spring-loaded pressure plate 23 is added, and after attaching the first film 24 to the locking portion 10, the second film 25 is pulled out from the second film storage chamber 18, and passes between the first film 24 and the back cover 7, It is pressed by the pressing roller 20 and is attached to the take-up spool 21 through the second slit 22. After this, when the camera body is rotated clockwise, the two films are wound up at the same speed, so that a stereo panoramic photograph can be taken. The tension of the film wound by the take-up spool 21 does not exceed the maximum static friction force between the pressing roller and the film.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a panoramic camera.

FIG. 2 is a partially sectional elevation view of a panoramic camera.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stereo panoramic camera.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Optical axis of taking lens 15 Lower bearing 26 Aperture and shutter mechanism 27 Viewfinder

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An optical axis of a photographing lens mounted on a camera body and a center line of a rotation axis rotatably supporting the camera body are perpendicular to each other, and are mutually perpendicular.
Attached so that it is not less than the focal length
The rotation axis and light rays coming from a distant subject pass through ,
The camera is positioned so that it is focused on the photosensitive surface of the film without being reflected by the reflector or prism.
With the taking lens attached to the main body, with respect to the rotating shaft fixed to a support table that is stationary with respect to the subject
Half concentrically fixed and equal to the focal length of the taking lens
A cylindrical body with a cylindrical surface of diameter is installed inside the camera dark box.
And the film can be freely pulled out.
A film storage room is attached to the camera body,
A portion of the imaging film drawn out from the pay room, walk film retaining portion so as to be attached or pressed to contact Kukoto in a direction in which the photosensitive surface of the film is in contact with the cylindrical surface
Is a camera that has a pressing part,
The goal is to match the speed with the moving speed of the image of the subject.
Speed adjustment device or speed conversion device attached to a camera
A panoramic camera, wherein the position is erased, and the cylindrical body is attached to the position to continuously shoot images. 2. A stereo panoramic camera, wherein photographing lenses having the same focal length are provided at two places in a dark box of one camera so that the same subject can be photographed at the same time. The panoramic camera described. 3. A panoramic camera according to claim 1, which is detachably attached to an ordinary camera, and has a cylindrical body, a dark box, a rotating shaft, and a mounting portion for facilitating attachment and detachment to and from the ordinary camera. Camera attachment.