JP2983846B2 - 3D display device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device,
In particular, the present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device capable of performing both stereoscopic viewing of a direct view and an enlarged virtual image without greatly changing an appropriate viewing distance with a simple structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, there has been a so-called parallax barrier system in which left and right images are separated by using a vertical stripe-shaped barrier, as a stereoscopic display device capable of viewing a stereoscopic image without using special glasses. .

As the stereoscopic display device of the parallax barrier type, a direct-view type and an enlarged projection type occupy the mainstream. In the direct-view type, a vertical stripe corresponding to a pixel pitch is provided in front of or behind a liquid crystal panel for forming an image. By disposing the barrier, and in the case of the enlarged projection type, by disposing the barrier in front of the screen where the image projected and enlarged from the projector is formed, the image is separated into the left and right eyes to obtain stereoscopic vision. I have.

In recent years, an HMD (Head Mounted Display) type that obtains a stereoscopic image by inputting information in consideration of binocular parallax from an image display device to each of the left and right eyes via an optical system from each of the left and right eyes. Have been developed.

[0005]

The virtual image stereoscopic display device of the HMD type requires two sets of image display devices and an optical system, so that it is expensive. It is annoying because it needs to be attached to the part.

Therefore, an attempt was made to enlarge and display a virtual image of a direct-view type stereoscopic display device using a lens.
Since the barrier is arranged on the pixel panel including the polarizing plate, the barrier is not enlarged at the same magnification with respect to the pixel due to the focal length of the lens used, and the barrier pitch is inappropriate at an appropriate viewing position during direct viewing. It turned out that stereoscopic vision was not possible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a simple structure that enables a stereoscopic display of both a direct view and an enlarged virtual image with almost no change in an appropriate viewing distance. It is intended to provide a device.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first three-dimensional display device comprising an active liquid crystal comprising liquid crystal forming vertical stripes as left and right image separating means on the front and rear surfaces of a liquid crystal panel, respectively. Place the barrier,
A detachable enlargement lens is arranged at the forefront.

A second three-dimensional display device of the present invention comprises:
In order to achieve the above object, two parallax barriers having different vertical stripe pitches are arranged on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel as left and right image separating means so as to overlap each other, and either one of the front and rear parallax barriers is placed on the other side. The parallax barrier is provided so as to be displaceable in the barrier pitch direction, and a detachable magnifying lens is further provided on the front surface of the parallax barrier.

[0010]

In the first three-dimensional display device of the present invention, one of the active barriers disposed before and after the liquid crystal panel is set to the optimum value for direct viewing, and the other is set to the optimum value for virtual image. . When one of these is selectively operated and the other is in a transparent state, and an active barrier having an optimum barrier pitch for direct viewing is operated, a lens is removed to form a liquid crystal panel at an appropriate viewing distance. When the active barrier having the optimum barrier pitch for virtual images is operated, stereoscopic viewing of the enlarged virtual image can be performed at an appropriate viewing distance by operating the active barrier having the optimum barrier pitch for virtual images.

In the second three-dimensional display device according to the present invention, one of two parallax barriers having different barrier pitches is displaced with respect to the other, whereby a composite formed by the two parallax barriers is formed. The barrier pitch of the barrier is switched between the optimal barrier pitch for direct viewing and the optimal rear pitch for virtual images. By removing the lens when the optimal barrier pitch for direct viewing is used, it becomes possible to directly stereoscopically view the real image formed on the liquid crystal panel at a predetermined optimal viewing distance, and attach the lens when the optimal barrier pitch for virtual image is used. By doing so, it becomes possible to stereoscopically view the enlarged virtual image at a predetermined suitable viewing distance.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

In the stereoscopic display apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, light emitted from a backlight 1 as a light source enters a liquid crystal panel 3 through an active barrier 2 for direct viewing, and After being modulated, the light is directed to the detachable magnifying lens 5 through the virtual image active barrier 4.

As shown in FIG. 2, each active barrier 2
4 has a transparent electrode 6 patterned in a stripe shape and a transparent electrode 7 formed on the entire surface facing the transparent electrode 6,
When a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 6 and 7, a stripe-shaped light-shielding portion is formed.

The two active barriers 2 and 4 are liquid crystal panels 3
The polarizing plate 8 is attached to the back of the active barrier 2 for direct viewing and the front of the active barrier 4 for virtual image, respectively.

By the way, in a conventional direct-view type stereoscopic display device in which an active barrier is arranged in front of a liquid crystal panel,
The interocular distance a, the observation position - Barrier distance (proper viewing distance) to L _1, the liquid crystal panel - Barrier distance (air conversion distance) L, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel l _1, the barrier pitch l
Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the following equation 1 holds.

[0017]

(Equation 1)

Also, as shown in FIG. 4, the following equation 2 holds.

[0019]

(Equation 2)

From the equations (1) and (2), the optimum barrier pitch l is expressed by the following equation 3, and is determined by the pixel pitch l ₁ .

[0021]

(Equation 3)

When a magnifying lens having a focal length f and a magnification m is disposed at a position x between a lens and a liquid crystal panel in front of the liquid crystal panel of a conventional direct-view type stereoscopic display device having an active barrier disposed in front of the liquid crystal panel, The following Equation 4 holds, and the magnification m ′ for the barrier is expressed by Equation 5.

[0023]

(Equation 4)

[0024]

(Equation 5)

Therefore, if the actual barrier pitch l is set to a value represented by the following equation 6 in consideration of the magnification m ', the image is separated into the left and right eyes, and virtual image stereoscopic vision becomes possible. However,
In Expression 6, l ₂ is the virtual image image pitch, which is the product of the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel 3 and the magnification ratio m of the lens.

[0026]

(Equation 6)

When the barrier is disposed on the rear surface of the panel, the following equations (7) and (8) hold, and the barrier pitch 1 in the direct viewing state is given by equation (9).

[0028]

(Equation 7)

[0029]

(Equation 8)

[0030]

(Equation 9)

As described above, the barrier pitch x of the active barrier 4 on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 3 is determined according to Expression 6, the barrier pitch y of the active barrier 2 on the rear surface is determined according to Expression 9, and the lens 5 is removed. When the active barrier 4 on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 3 is set in the transmissive state and the active barrier 2 on the rear surface is operated, stereoscopic viewing can be performed directly from the liquid crystal panel 3 at a predetermined position.

When the lens 5 is mounted, the active barrier 2 on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 3 is set in the transparent state, and the active barrier 4 on the front surface is activated, the enlarged virtual image is stereoscopically viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 at the same predetermined position as described above. Can be.

Of course, it is also possible to use as a 2D display device without operating both active barriers 2 and 4.

In the above embodiment, the active barrier 4 for virtual images is arranged on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 3 and the active barrier 2 for direct viewing is arranged on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 3. Is disposed on the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 3, and the active barrier 4 for virtual image is disposed on the rear surface.
May be arranged.

In this case, the barrier pitch l of the direct-view active barrier 2 may be determined according to the following equation (10).
The barrier pitch l of the virtual image active barrier 2 is given by the following equation (1).
1 may be determined.

[0036]

(Equation 10)

[0037]

[Equation 11]

In a three-dimensional display device according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, a light beam emitted from a backlight 1 is modulated by a liquid crystal panel 3 and then superimposed on the liquid crystal panel 3 before and after. Through the parallax barriers 9 and 10.

As shown in FIG. 6, each of the parallax barriers 9 and 10 is formed by printing a vertical stripe on a glass substrate, and one parallax barrier 9 (or 10) is fixed and the other parallax barrier 10 is fixed. (Or 9) is movable in the stripe pitch direction, that is, left and right.

Here, the optimal barrier pitch of the parallax barrier for direct vision is l = x represented by the above equation (14), and the optimal barrier pitch of the parallax barrier for virtual image is l = y represented by the above equation (12). If the pitch difference (y−x) is c and the barrier stripe width is d, the stripe pattern of the first parallax barrier 9 is: pitch = y, stripe width = d− (n−1) c Pitch = y + (x−d), stripe width = c Pitch = x, stripe width = d− (x−d) are defined as one cycle.

The stripe pattern of the second parallax barrier 10 is as follows: pitch = x, stripe width = (n−1) c pitch = x + c, stripe width = d pitch = y, stripe width = d− (n− d) Let c be one cycle.

The second parallax barrier 10 is moved right and left by d.
As a result, the barrier pitch of the barrier synthesized by the two parallax barriers 9 and 10 before the shift becomes the optimal barrier pitch for direct viewing (or the optimal barrier pitch for virtual image) as shown in FIG. The barrier pitch of the barrier combined by the two parallax barriers 9 and 10 after the shift is an optimal barrier pitch for a virtual image (or an optimal barrier pitch for direct viewing) as shown in FIG.

In the case of direct vision, stereoscopic vision can be obtained by removing the lens 5 for observation, and in the case of virtual vision, stereoscopic vision can be obtained by observation with the lens 5 attached.

Here, the first parallax barrier 9 is fixed and the second parallax barrier 10 is moved. However, the first parallax barrier 9 is moved and the second parallax barrier 10 is moved. It may be fixed.

The first parallax barrier 9 and the second parallax barrier 10 may be reversed.

[0046]

As described above, the first three-dimensional display device of the present invention has an active barrier made of liquid crystal forming vertical stripes as left and right image separation means on the front and back of a liquid crystal panel, respectively. Since the detachable magnifying lens is located at the forefront, the structure is simple, and one of these active barriers is set to the optimal barrier pitch for direct viewing, and the other barrier pitch is set to the optimal barrier pitch for virtual image. By setting the pitch and selectively activating one of the active barriers, and attaching and detaching a lens corresponding to the selected active barrier, stereoscopic vision can be achieved by direct vision with almost no change in the optimal viewing distance, or an enlarged virtual image can be rendered stereoscopically. Or you can.

Further, the second three-dimensional display device of the present invention comprises two parallax barriers by moving one of two parallax barriers having different stripe pitches in the stripe pitch direction with respect to the other. The barrier pitch of the composite barrier can be switched between the optimal barrier pitch for direct vision and the optimal barrier pitch for virtual images, enabling stereoscopic vision with direct vision and stereoscopic vision of enlarged virtual images with little change in the optimal viewing distance. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an appropriate viewing distance for stereoscopic viewing in a barrier system.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a barrier pitch for a stereoscopic view of a barrier system.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a stereoscopic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the positions of both parallax barriers and the synthesized barrier pitch in a direct view according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the positions of both parallax barriers and the synthesized barrier pitch at the time of a virtual image according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Active barrier 3 Liquid crystal panel 4 Active barrier 5 Lens 9 Parallax barrier 10 Parallax barrier

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G02F 1/13 505 G02B 27/22

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A three-dimensional structure comprising: an active barrier made of a liquid crystal forming a vertical stripe as left and right image separating means disposed on a front surface and a rear surface of a liquid crystal panel; and a detachable magnifying lens disposed on the front surface. Display device. 2. The inter-eye distance is a, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel is l ₁ , the virtual image pixel pitch (the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel is l
_{If 1} × magnification ratio m) is l ₂ , the lens focal length is f, the magnification ratio is m, and the distance between the liquid crystal panel and the barrier (air conversion distance) is L, the stripe pitch x of the active barrier disposed on the front surface and the rear surface And the stripe pitch y of the active barrier arranged in Characterized in that they are designed at different pitches so as to satisfy the following. 3. The inter-eye distance is a, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel is l ₁ , the virtual image pixel pitch (the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel is l
_{If 1} × magnification ratio m) is l ₂ , the lens focal length is f, the magnification ratio is m, and the distance between the liquid crystal panel and the barrier (air conversion distance) is L, the stripe pitch x of the active barrier disposed on the front surface and the rear surface And the stripe pitch y of the active barrier arranged in Characterized in that they are designed at different pitches so as to satisfy the following. 4. A method of selectively operating one of the front and rear active barriers to form vertical stripes and causing the other active barrier to be in a transparent state,
The stereoscopic display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lens is attached and detached in accordance with the selection before and after. 5. Two parallax barriers having different vertical stripe pitches are disposed on the front surface of a liquid crystal panel as left and right image separating means so as to overlap one another, and either one of the front and rear parallax barriers is disposed against the other. A three-dimensional display device, which is provided so as to be displaceable in a pitch direction, and further comprises a detachable magnifying lens on the front surface of the parallax barrier.