JP2977490B2 - Air ion generating grinding wheel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a grinding wheel.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a grinding wheel that generates air ions. Grinding with a grinding wheel is used in a wide range of industrial fields as general machining, but this work is physically and mentally tired, so eliminating it in terms of occupational health and work efficiency. This is an important research topic. It is known that the cause of this fatigue is an increase in positive air ions in the working atmosphere, which is attributed to the rotation of the grinding machine, the movement of the grinding machine, and the positively charged floating dust. On the other hand, the amount of negative air ions that act physically and mentally soothingly and are effective for exhilaration, prevention of fatigue and recovery are often almost zero. The present invention relates to an air ion generating grinding wheel that is effective in improving such a poor working environment and improving the health and efficiency of workers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the past, improvement of the workplace environment has been neglected behind the reduction of machining costs. However, recently, various countermeasures against noise and vibration during grinding work have been studied. However, little consideration has been given from the standpoint of air ions.

[0003] Inhalation the bath of negative air ions not only refreshing feeling and fatigue recovery, it observed to be effective in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, for example, 10 ⁴ in the air 1 cm ³ A negative ion bath having an ion concentration of about 10 ⁵ is considered to be beneficial to the human body. Air ions are made up of complex types of groups, and negative air ions include O ₂ ⁻ , CO
_{^{2 -, (H 2 O)}} nO 2 -, (H 2 O) nOH - include, also, there is such as mobility 0.4cm ² / sec · volt or more airborne dust to those electron attachment. On the other hand, mobility 0.4
So-called medium ions and large ions of less than cm ² / sec · volt are positively charged, and the ratio of the number of positive and negative ions on the earth is theoretically about 1.2, and as the ratio increases, the absolute number of negative ions increases. It is said that the lower the air environment, the worse the air environment.

[0004] However, there has been no suitable method for converting air into air having a relatively large amount of negative ions in a workplace such as a factory where a grinding operation is performed. For example,
The high-voltage discharge method is an apparatus that generates only a high concentration of negative ions or positive ions, but has the drawback that the apparatus is dangerous, the life of the machine is short, and harmful gases such as ozone are generated at the same time. Further, the method using ultraviolet rays has a drawback that eyes are hurt and toxic gas is generated. There is a method using a radioactive material as a stable method that does not generate toxic gas, but it requires a high-intensity radiation source, which is not preferable in terms of safety measures. Furthermore, the fine water droplet splitting method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-47829 proposed by the present inventor is the most safe and excellent method having a high ratio of negative ions, but has a drawback that the indoor humidity increases.

In the above-mentioned various methods, the concentration of air ions sharply decreases as the distance from the location where the air ions are generated is increased. A huge air ion generator is required.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention does not include the drawbacks of each of the above-mentioned methods, does not require any special air ion generator, and can be used for grinding wheels used in a grinding workplace. Ideal for grinding workplaces where the appropriate concentration of air ions can be supplied from the whetstone to the worker's body, especially the respiratory area, and the air ions are beneficial to the human body and the generation rate of negative ions is higher than that of positive ions. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for generating air ions.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a grinding wheel, wherein a grinding abrasive, an inorganic or organic binder other than a metal for bonding the abrasive, and the binder are filled. characterized in that it consists of a powder the end of tourmaline was. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the binder has a polar group or water of crystallization.
It is an organic or organic binder .

Generally, a grinding wheel is composed of abrasive grains and a binder, and when any of them rubs against a workpiece in a pressurized state, they generate triboelectricity and generate air ions to some extent. In that case, the generation ratio of positive ions and negative ions differs depending on the type of workpiece. The invention of claim 1 is characterized in that the generation amount of negative air ions and the generation rate for positive air ions are remarkably increased in the grinding wheel as described above. explain.

A crystal lacking the center of symmetry of a crystal has a piezoelectric effect, and a potential is generated by pressurization or frictional pressure, and a flow of electrons is generated. Electricity is a material with a remarkable piezoelectric effect.
There is a stone, the addition of fine powder of tourmaline as a component of the grinding wheel, electrons strike issued by generating a negative air ions by the pressure in the grinding. This is the principle of generating negative ions in the present invention. And, in the present invention, when the grinding wheel that the grinding operator directly or close to grinds the workpiece, the negative ions are generated as described above, so when breathing or bathing it, the operator is physically affected. It is possible to work comfortably mentally.

Moreover, tourmaline is free of toxic substances, high its <br/> hardness is 1140 in Knoop hardness, and has also significant grinding force. Therefore, the grinding wheel to which tourmaline is added is also excellent in grinding performance.

A second aspect of the present invention is the above-mentioned first aspect, wherein a binder having a high ion generation rate is selected.
That is, it has a resinoid binder having a polar group such as an OH group such as a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, or a polyvinyl alcohol resin, or has water of crystallization such as an oxychloride binder (a magnesia cement binder). Since the object itself generates negative ions due to pressure or friction pressure, it is possible to generate more ions in addition to the ions generated by the piezoelectric crystal (tourmaline). Therefore, the effect of improving the working environment is further enhanced.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the grinding wheel of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of a grinding wheel according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a structural explanatory view of a grinding wheel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the grinding wheel of the present invention is composed of a grinding grain 1, a binder 2, and a powder 3 or particles 3a of a piezoelectric crystal such as tourmaline. In addition, 4 is a pore. The grinding wheel of the present invention is applied to a case where the grinding wheel is installed on a grinding machine, and a case where an operator holds and handles it by hand as in a hand grinder.

The abrasive grain 1 serves as a cutting edge of a grindstone. The abrasive grain 1 is composed of A abrasive grains mainly composed of alumina oxide, C abrasive grains mainly composed of silicon carbide, or zirconia-alumina abrasive grains. Any of them may be used. A abrasive grains include white fused alumina, brown fused alumina, single crystal alumina, sintered alumina, rose alumina, and the like, and C abrasive grains include green silicon carbide, black carbon Such as silicon.

As the binder for the grinding wheel, various resins can be used, including vitrified, oxychloride cement, bakelite and the like, and those described in Examples 1 to 4 which will be described later. But,
Less effective for metal binders. In the case of a vitrified binder, it is necessary to fire at a temperature below which the crystal loses piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity. Further, the bonding type of the abrasive grains by the binder may be either a matrix type having no pores shown in FIG. 1 or a matrix type having small pores 4 or a bridge type including large pores 4 shown in FIG. .

The abrasive ratio, binder ratio, and porosity are also arbitrary.
The shape of the whetstone is also arbitrary, flat, ring, tapered, single-dent, cup, double-dent, safety,
Double cup type, dovetail type, taper cup type, flat type,
It may be any of a saw-saw shape.

As the piezoelectric crystal 3, tourmaline is used.
You . Additional electrical stone, natural stable large quantities obtained, since available as finely pulverized product and particles, most preferred. Although many piezoelectric crystals contain harmful elements such as lead, tourmaline does not contain any harmful substances and is rather attracting attention as a health-promoting consumer product. Tourmaline is also called tourmaline, and there are many types, but black shawl tourmaline containing iron (chemical formula: NaFe ₃ B ₃ Al ₃ (Al ₃ Si)
₆ O ₂₇ ) (OH) ₄ ) or red tourmaline containing lithium (chemical formula: Na (Al, Li) ₃ B ₃ Al ₃ (Al ₃
Si ₆ O ₂₇ ) (OH) ₄ ), all of which have the same piezoelectric effect. Which to choose may be determined in consideration of the influence such as contamination on the workpiece. The tourmaline is 95
At 0 ° C., the crystals can be deviated, eliminating the piezoelectric and pyroelectric effects. Therefore, the firing temperature must be 950 ° C. or lower.

The finer the particle size of the tourmaline powder, the greater the effect. However, from the past cases of pneumoconiosis, it is physiologically safer if the particle size is smaller than 3 microns. The addition amount of tourmaline is optional, but generally 2 to 20% by weight of the binder is sufficient. Addition of this degree gives rather good results to the grinding performance of the grinding wheel. Tourmaline has a high hardness, has a Knoop hardness of 1140, and is second only to corundum as a natural crystal, and has considerable grinding power. Therefore, even if a grindstone is produced by mixing granules with grinding abrasive grains, the same air ion generation state as fine powder can be obtained.

Tourmaline is a rare mineral having a pyroelectric effect as well as a piezoelectric effect, and generates an electric potential even if there is a temperature difference as in the case of pressure. Accordingly, the tourmaline is charged on the anode and the cathode even by the temperature difference (heating or cooling) due to the grinding heat, so that electrons are knocked out and negative ions are generated. In addition, the grinding wheel according to the present invention is also used in a wet grinding operation.
It shows a very peculiar phenomenon. Hydroxyl ions adhering to water vapor in the air show a slight alkalinization phenomenon and a surface active effect in water, and also exhibit an effect of reducing grinding resistance by improving lubricity and preventing decay of grinding fluid by a sterilizing effect. Therefore, even in a grinding operation in which some kind of grinding fluid has to be used, the grinding operation can be performed with simple tap water.

[0020]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. (Example 1) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel A of Example 1. The grinding wheel A of Example 1 was manufactured in the following manner. Abrasive grain 1 has brown fused alumina abrasive grain size # 36 of 100
Parts by weight, liquid phenol resin 3.6 as binder 2
Parts by weight, 22 parts by weight of a powdered phenolic resin, and 5 parts by weight of cryolite, black electric tourmaline powder (average particle size: 6 μm) was added and mixed as a piezoelectric crystal powder, and these were mixed with an outer diameter of 100 mm. An offset grindstone was manufactured by pressing at 50 ° C. with a molding pressure of 50 kgf / cm ² at 50 ° C. with a molding pressure of 50 kgf / cm ^{2 using} an offset grindstone mold having a thickness of 6 mm and a hole diameter of 15 mm. This grindstone A was mounted on an angle grinder with output of 380KW, peripheral speed 4300m / min, grinding load 6
As a result of grinding the stainless steel at 00 kgf, the negative ion concentration was 70 × 10 ³ / cc at 40 cm from the ion concentration detector.
/ Sec and a positive ion concentration of 35 × 10 ³ / cc / sec.
Since the respiratory position of the worker is also at the same distance interval, it is recognized that the value is sufficiently good as the work environment.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is a sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel B of Embodiment 2. The grinding wheel B of Example 2 was manufactured in the following manner. 100 parts by weight of green silicon carbide abrasive grain size # 120 was prepared as abrasive grains 1, and a mixture of 2 parts by weight of dextrin, 1.8 parts by weight of water, and 12 parts by weight of borosilicate bond having a softening point of 700 ° C. was used as binder 2. 3 parts by weight of reddish tourmaline powder (average particle size: 6 μm) as a piezoelectric crystal powder were added and mixed, molded into an outer diameter of 255 mm × thickness of 25 mm × hole diameter of 19.05 mm, and fired at a firing temperature of 860 ° C. This grindstone B was mounted on a double-headed bench grinder (output 0.75 kw), and a carbide tip was ground at a peripheral speed of 1800 / min. As a result, the ion concentration detector
At cm, a negative ion concentration of 38 × 10 ³ / cc / sec and a positive ion concentration of 24 × 10 ³ / cc / sec were detected. Since the respiratory position of the worker has a similar distance, the work environment is recognized to be a sufficiently good value.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 5 is a sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel C of Embodiment 3. The grinding wheel C of Example 3 was manufactured in the following manner. Cubic boron nitride abrasive grain size 120/140 as abrasive grain 1
Prepare 100 parts by weight and use liquid epoxy resin 4 as binder 2
Parts by weight, 50 parts by weight of spinel particle size # 600, softening point 6
Using a mixture of 32 parts by weight of borosilicate bond at 70 ° C., 4 parts by weight of black tourmaline powder (average particle size: 6 μm) was added and mixed, and these were 180 mm in outer diameter × 6 mm in thickness × 31.75 mm in pore size.
, Formed into a diamond grindstone layer x 3 mm and fired at a firing temperature of 780 ° C. This grindstone C is mounted on a horizontal axis reciprocating surface grinder (output 2.2 kw), with a peripheral speed of 1800 m / min and feed of 10 m.
As a result of grinding a high speed steel quenched material (RC = 63) with a wet process at a depth of 5 microns / pass and a cut depth of 5 microns, a negative ion concentration of 110 × 10 ³ / cc / cc was obtained 50 cm from the ion concentration detection unit.
Seconds, a positive ion concentration of 20 × 10 ³ / cc / sec was detected. Since the respiratory position of the worker is also at the same distance, the work environment is recognized as a sufficiently good value. In addition, the emulsion aqueous solution used as the grinding fluid did not show any deterioration or decay for a long period of time.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel D of Embodiment 4. The grinding wheel D of Example 4 was manufactured in the following manner. Prepare 95 parts by weight of white fused alumina abrasive grain size # 80 as abrasive grain 1 and black tourmaline grain size # 80 as binder 2
A mixture of 5 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight of active magnesium oxide, and 33 parts by weight of a saturated aqueous solution of magnesium chloride was mixed with 4 parts by weight of black tourmaline powder (average particle size: 10 microns). It was cast into a 25 mm diameter × 36 mm diameter, 15 mm rim width w, and left to cure at 30 ° C. for 3 days. This grindstone D was mounted on a tool grinder (0.2 kw) and the spring steel was ground. As a result, 40 cm from the ion concentration detector
At this point, a negative ion concentration of 140 × 10 ³ / cc / sec and a positive ion concentration of 30 × 10 ³ / cc / sec were detected. Since the respiratory position of the worker has the same distance interval, it is recognized that the value is sufficiently good as the work environment.

[0024]

According to the present invention, by using a grinding wheel to which a piezoelectric crystal is added, air ions having a high ratio of negative ions are generated at a work position of a worker while performing a grinding operation, and the worker is in good condition. It is possible to work comfortably in a comfortable working environment. Thus, the present invention is a simple air ion generation method for remarkably improving the grinding work environment, and has a great effect in medical and workplace environmental engineering fields.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of the present invention in a matrix-type grinding wheel.

FIG. 2 is a structural explanatory view of the present invention in a bridge type grinding wheel.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel of Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel according to a second embodiment.

5A and 5B are a cross-sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel according to a third embodiment.

6A and 6B are a sectional view and a partial schematic view of a grinding wheel according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

Powder 4 pores of 1 abrasive 2 binder 3 tourmaline

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] And 1. A grinding abrasive grains, characterized in that it consists of a binder of inorganic or organic, except for metals for coupling該研Kezutogi grains, a flour powder tourmaline filled in the binder Air ion generation type grinding wheel. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said binder has a polar group or water of crystallization.
2. The air ion generating grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is an organic or organic binder .