JP2963382B2 - Aerodynamic braking device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aerodynamic brake device for applying a braking force to a moving body such as a high-speed vehicle or an airplane by air resistance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An aerodynamic braking device is a means for applying a braking force to a moving body by utilizing air resistance.
It is installed in high-speed vehicles as a backup for mechanical or electromagnetic brakes. The brake plate, which is usually located along the surface of the moving object, is set up outside the moving object as needed (that is, opens toward the surroundings), and the braking force is obtained by increasing the air resistance. There are many things.
Such an aerodynamic brake device is disclosed in, for example,
No. 19269.

According to the publication, an aerodynamic brake device is basically configured as shown in FIG. 4 and is attached to a roof portion of a vehicle or the like. That is, the aerodynamic braking device 5
a) A brake plate 60 that can be opened and closed by swinging up and down between a position along the surface of the vehicle 1 and a position perpendicular to the traveling direction.
B) a bracket 70 which is connected to the base of the brake plate 60 via a pin 60A so as to enable the opening and closing, and is fixed on the structural portion W of the vehicle 1; and c)
A cylinder (telescopic actuator) 80 having both ends connected to the brake plate 60 and the bracket 70 via pins 80A and 80B to drive the opening and closing.
-And so on.

In FIG. 1, when the cylinder 80 is contracted as shown by a solid line, the brake plate 60 follows the surface of the vehicle 1, but when the cylinder 80 is extended, the brake plate 60 moves to a position perpendicular to the traveling direction as shown by a virtual line in the drawing. The brake plate 60 stands up to the point where the vehicle 1 receives a large air resistance irrespective of whether the vehicle is moving forward or backward and applies a braking force to the vehicle 1.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An aerodynamic braking device is
When the brake plate is opened, it receives a large force, so it is designed with sufficient strength. In the aerodynamic brake device of FIG. 4, the base (pin 60) of the brake plate 60 is also provided.
A) and the base end (pin 80A) of the cylinder 80 are not directly connected to the structural part W, but both are connected to an integral bracket 70, and the bracket 70 is fixed to the structural part W. As the bracket 70 and the body part W
And make up for each other's strength.

However, the structure as shown in FIG. 4 causes a rather complicated mechanical state in the structure portion W, so that it is difficult to secure sufficient strength with a simple and lightweight structure. That is, in the configuration of FIG. 4, when the brake plate 60 is opened and receives a large air resistance as indicated by a virtual line,
A force in the traveling direction (left and right in the figure) is applied to the structure portion W, and a so-called couple acting downward through the bracket 70 in the vicinity of the pin 60A and upward in the vicinity of the pin 80A also acts on the structure portion W in the figure. A moment acts to twist W counterclockwise. It is easy to cope with general forces acting in the traveling direction (or vertical direction), but it is not always easy to cope with moment loads. In many cases, the structure needs to have a considerable margin, and it is difficult to simplify and reduce the weight of the structure.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an aerodynamic brake device capable of reducing the weight of a structure (and thus a moving body).

[0008]

The aerodynamic brake device according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises: A) opening from a position along the surface of the moving body to a position at an angle (preferably about 90 °) with respect to the traveling direction; And a brake plate that can be closed, and B) through a pin to enable the above-mentioned opening and closing (since the above-mentioned opening and closing is possible, the axial direction of the pin is perpendicular or almost perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving body). The same applies to the following pins.) A hinge member connected to the base of the brake plate and fixed to the structural body of the moving body. C) A part of the hinge member travels through the pin through the moving direction of the moving body ( A bracket which extends forward or backward) and whose end on the extended side is connected to another structural part (B) of the movable body, which is different from the part to which the hinge member is fixed, and , D) Parts via a pin (or a fluid pressure cylinder, such as expansion and contraction means by screws or gears) above the brake plate and each linked expansion actuators to the bracket - those constituted by like.

[0009] The above-mentioned a), b), and
Compared with the configuration of c), the bracket of b) was divided into the hinge member of B) and the bracket of C), and both were connected via a pin, and only the hinge member of B) was fixed to the body part. There is a feature in the point. And for bracket C)
The end on the side extended in the traveling direction is connected to another structural part.

The hinge member and the bracket, which receive a force from the brake plate, are fixed and connected to different portions of the structure, and are connected to each other via pins so as not to transmit a moment. (For example, a downward force acts on the hinge member and an upward force acts on the bracket as in the case of FIG. 4), they do not act on the structure as a moment. That is, in this aerodynamic brake device configured as described above, the force received by the brake plate due to air resistance is:
The moving direction of the moving body (front and back) is added to the structural part to which the hinge member is fixed and the structural part to which the end of the bracket is connected.
And acts only as a force having a component in a direction perpendicular thereto (up and down or sideways), and does not act as a moment.

[0011] Front and back or up and down (or the side of the moving body)
For a force that has a directional component and does not act as a moment on the structure, the strength can be easily dealt with by, for example, adding a strength member in the direction of the force. The number of members is also small. Therefore, according to this aerodynamic brake device, a structure having sufficient strength can be configured as a simple and lightweight structure.

[0012] The aerodynamic brake device according to claim 2 is further provided in the device according to claim 1, further comprising: E) the space between the end portion of the bracket and the structural portion in the step C) so as not to overlap the extension line of the bracket. And both ends are connected by a pin-connected link.

In this aerodynamic brake device in which a link is connected between the bracket and the structural part connected as in the above C) as in E), a force along the longitudinal direction of the bracket acts on the structural part. do not do. The link in (E) is arranged so that it does not overlap the extension of the bracket, and is rotatable with both ends pin-connected. Although the displacement is generally 1 mm or less because of the high), the link only rotates by an amount corresponding to the displacement, and does not transmit the force in the displacement direction to the structural part.

Therefore, in this aerodynamic brake device, since a force acts only on a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bracket on the structure portion C), the reinforcement of the portion is further simplified, and the weight is reduced. It is also advantageous.

[0015]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the aerodynamic brake device 2, FIG. 1 (a) is a side view, and FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view. 2A is a side view of the vehicle 1 having the aerodynamic brake device 2, FIG. 2B is a view taken along the line bb in FIG. 2A, and FIG. It is an arrow c view. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a part of the force acting on the device 2 in the state of FIG. 2C.

The vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 2 (a) is a magnetic levitation / linear motor type high-speed vehicle (test vehicle), and has two right and left vehicles as shown in FIG. And the aerodynamic brake device 2 is mounted as a set. The device 2
Incorporates many of the components into the recess 3 at the top of the vehicle body,
Although the brake plate 10 is provided along the surface of the vehicle 1 in a normal state, as shown in (b) and (c) of FIG.
Is opened until it stands on the surface of the vehicle 1 (on the roof), whereby a braking force is exerted on the vehicle 1 by air resistance.

Each of the aerodynamic brake devices 2 mounted on the vehicle 1 is configured as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). That is, first, a structural part S, which is one of the strength members of the vehicle 1, is passed through the recess 3 for accommodating the device 2, and the structural member S is hinged using a plurality of bolts and nuts.
0 is fixed. The hinge member 20 is formed by integrating a mounting frame 21 fixed on the structural body portion S and a plate portion 22 for holding a pin 10A or a pin 30A described later facing the left and right of the vehicle 1. The bracket 30 having a length in the traveling direction of the vehicle 1 is not fixed to the pin 30A held by the hinge member 20, but is fixed to the structural portion S or the like.
Are connected so that they can be rotated around. Bracket 30
The hydraulic cylinder 40 is attached to an end of the side remote from the pin 30A via a slightly long pin 40A which is also directed to the left and right of the vehicle 1 (so that it can rotate around the pin 40A). One end of the link 50 is connected via the same pin 40A. The other end of the link 50 is connected to the structural part T via a pin 50A. The structural part T is a strength member different from the structural part S.
A is held. Since the bracket 30 and the link 50 are not arranged on a straight line, even when the bracket 30 expands and contracts during use of the apparatus 2, only the link 50 rotates, and the displacement and force due to the rotation extend to the structural part T. Never. After arranging each device in the concave portion 3 as described above, the base of the brake plate 10 is attached to the hinge member 20 via the pin 10A, and the cylinder 40
The vicinity of the center of the brake plate 10 is connected to the telescopic end of the brake plate 10 via a pin 40B. Since the connection is made via the pins 10A and 40B, the brake plate 10 swings smoothly by expanding and contracting the cylinder 40, and the state shown in FIG. 1A and the state shown in FIG. Can be opened and closed. In addition,
The brake plate 10 is formed by integrating a flat plate portion 11 and a frame portion 12 as shown in FIG. 1A, and pins 10A and 40B are engaged with the frame portion 12.

While the vehicle 1 is traveling, the aerodynamic braking device 2
In order to obtain the braking force, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is extended and the brake plate 10 is opened as shown in FIG. Assuming that the vehicle 1 is traveling in the direction of the outlined arrow shown in the figure, at this time, a force as shown in FIG. 3 acts on the brake plate 10 and the link 50 (if the vehicle is traveling in the opposite direction, the direction of the force is Reverse to the figure). That is, the brake plate 10 receives the force F as a resultant force of the wind pressure, receives the force f1 from the cylinder 40 to resist the force F, and simultaneously applies the force f2 including the upward component that balances the downward component of the force f1 to the hinge member 2.
Received from pin 10A on 0. On the other hand, the link 50 receives the force f3 having the same magnitude in the opposite direction to the above f1 at the pin 40A, receives the force f4 from the bracket 30 at the same pin 40A, and further receives the structural portion at the pin 50A. From T (small piece 51), a downward force f5 that balances forces f3 and f4 is received. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the structure portion T, as a reaction of the force f5, the force f5
Will receive an upward force of the same magnitude as. Similarly, the structural part S receives a downward force having the same magnitude as the force f2 and a leftward force transmitted from the bracket 30 and having the same magnitude as the force f4.

As described above, a force including a downward component and an upward component acts on the structural part S and the structural part T, respectively, but the pin 3 is located between the hinge member 20 and the bracket 30.
Since it is connected by 0A and is rotatable, each force acts individually on each structure part ST, and does not act on the structure as a moment. Further, since the link 50 is freely rotatable as described above, the structure portion T
Only acts in the vertical direction. From these points,
The structural parts S and T have a simple and lightweight structure (combination of ordinary shape steel as shown in FIG. 1),
It has sufficient strength to withstand the expected force.

Since the aerodynamic brake device 2 has pin coupling portions at a number of places and has a high degree of freedom in positioning, it is easy to assemble and attach to the vehicle 1. That is, even if there is some variation in the positional relationship (interval, relative height, etc.) between the structural parts S and T, and even if there is a dimensional error in the hinge member 20, the bracket 30, etc., the pins 30A and the pins 40A. By giving the bracket 30 or the link 50 a certain angle via the 50A, assembly and attachment can be performed smoothly.

An embodiment has been described above, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, regarding the connection between the bracket 30 and the structural part T,
Bracket 3 instead of link 50 as described above
A means of forming a long hole in the longitudinal direction (right and left in FIG. 1 (a)) at the end of 0, and engaging the pin 50A attached to the structural part T in the middle of the long hole. Is also possible.

[0022]

According to the aerodynamic brake device of the first aspect,
Even when a braking force is applied to the brake plate by air resistance, the load does not act on the structure as a moment, so that a structure with sufficient strength can be easily and lightweightly constructed, and the weight of moving objects such as vehicles is reduced. Can be achieved.

In the case of the aerodynamic brake device according to the second aspect, the direction of the force acting on the structure portion on the side connected to the bracket is limited (the force along the longitudinal direction of the bracket does not act), so the strength of the structure. Can be secured more easily, and the weight of the moving body can be further easily reduced. In addition, since this device includes a large number of pin coupling portions and has a configuration with a high degree of freedom, there is an advantage that assembly and attachment to a moving body can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an aerodynamic brake device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a side view and FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view.

FIG. 2A is an overall side view of a vehicle 1 having an aerodynamic brake device 2, and FIG.
FIG. 2C is a view as seen from the direction of the arrow b, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a part of a force acting on the device 2 in the state of FIG. 2 (c).

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a conventional aerodynamic brake device 5.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle (moving body) 2 Aerodynamic brake device 10 Brake plate 20 Hinge member 30 Bracket 40 Hydraulic cylinder (telescopic actuator) 50 Link 10A / 30A / 40A / 40B / 50A Pin ST / S structure part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Okamoto 2-4-25 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Tokyo Design Office (56) References JP-A-1-299330 (JP, A) 2-142932 (JP, A) US Patent 4,542,869 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16D 57/00 B60L 7/24 B60T 17/14 B64C 9/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A brake plate which can be opened from a position along a surface of a moving body to an angle with respect to a traveling direction and can be closed on the contrary, and a brake plate via a pin to enable the opening and closing. A hinge member connected to the base of the moving body and fixed to a structural part of the moving body; extending from a part of the hinge member via a pin in a traveling direction of the moving body, and an end on the extended side is connected to the other end of the moving body. An aerodynamic brake device, comprising: a bracket connected to the body part of (1); and a telescopic actuator having both ends connected to the brake plate and the bracket via pins to drive the opening and closing. . 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the connected end portion of the bracket and the structural portion are connected so as not to overlap the extension line of the bracket and both ends are connected by pins. Aerodynamic braking device.