JP2959999B2 - Eye test - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a space-saving visual acuity inspection apparatus for inspecting the visual acuity of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A predetermined eye distance is required for a visual acuity test. However, the eye to be inspected and a visual target (a visual acuity table) are not linearly arranged, and the eye distance is optically secured using a mirror or the like. A space-saving visual acuity inspection apparatus has been proposed. This type of device has a relatively small mirror that reflects the target beam toward the subject's eye, and the subject views the target in the housing via the mirror.

[0003]

However, in the conventional apparatus, the target is presented to the subject's eye by using the above-mentioned reflection of the mirror, so that the tolerance for the change in the position of the subject's eye is small, and the sitting height is low. The lower one had disadvantages, such as forcing an unreasonable posture.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a visual acuity that enables a subject to perform an optometry in a proper state regardless of physical conditions. An object of the present invention is to provide an inspection device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a visual acuity inspection apparatus that can easily maintain the apparatus with a configuration as simple as possible and that can accurately measure a visual acuity.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is characterized by having the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.

(1) Optotype presenting an optotype for visual acuity test
The indicator means is arranged in a predetermined housing so that the
In a space- saving visual acuity testing device that takes an appropriate space, the placement surface of the visual acuity test target is
Hold the optotype plate so that it is almost perpendicular to the
Optotype switching means for switching the force test optotype to a predetermined presentation position, a reflecting member for reflecting the optotype luminous flux from the optotype switching means in an upward direction , and a reflecting member for reflecting the beam from the beam splitter.
Reflects the passed target beam toward the beam splitter
It has a concave mirror, and the concave mirror has a predetermined apparent inspection distance.
The beam splitter has a curvature for placing an eye test target.
Directs the target beam toward the beam outlet provided in the housing.
It is provided at the position where the light is reflected
A beam that can change its reflection angle to shake
A light guide optical system consisting of a splitter and a concave mirror, and the height of the eye to be examined
Change the reflection angle of the beam splitter to match
Input means for inputting change information for
The reflection angle of the beam splitter based on the change information.
Adjusting means for adjusting .

(2) In the visual acuity test apparatus of (1) ,
The optotype plate has an optotype arranging section for arranging optotypes for visual acuity test.
A rotating disk plate having the same circumference and the presentation position
When the subject is switched by rotating the rotating disk plate, the subject
A visual acuity test apparatus characterized in that it is a position where movement of a target is recognized in a vertical direction .

[0008]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus of this embodiment as viewed from the right side, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus as viewed from the front, and FIG.
Is a schematic perspective view when viewed from above. The configuration of the apparatus of the present embodiment will be described separately for the optotype inspection apparatus main body and the remote controller.

(Main Unit of Optotype Inspection Apparatus) 1 is an eye to be inspected, and 2 is an optotype inspection apparatus main body that presents an optotype to the eye 1 to be inspected. A window 3 is arranged on the side of the optotype test apparatus main body 2 facing the eye 1, and the eye 1 views the optotype through the window 3. The inside of the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2 is painted black, so that the internal structure of the eye 1 is difficult to see.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a disc-shaped target disc plate made of glass or the like, and a target 5 is drawn on the same circumference of the target disc plate 4 by chromium vapor deposition. Target disk 4
Is rotated by a target disk motor 6, and switches the target 5 to be presented to the subject. Reference numeral 7 denotes a mask plate for masking a part of the target 5 and is rotated by a mask plate motor 8 to apply a required mask.

Reference numeral 9 denotes an illumination lamp for illuminating a target. 1
0 is a mirror, 11 is a beam splitter, and 12 is a concave mirror. The optotype 5 is disposed at the focal length of the concave mirror 12 (the optical distance between the optotype and the subject's eye may be a finite distance such as 5 m). The target 5 illuminated by the illumination lamp 9
Is reflected upward by the mirror 10, passes through the beam splitter 11 along the optical path A, and is reflected by the concave mirror 12. The optotype light flux reflected by the concave mirror 12 is reflected by the beam splitter 11 and passes through the optotype optical path B to enter the subject's eye 1.

The tilt angle of the beam splitter 11 changes in order to move the reflection direction of the target beam upward and downward. Reference numeral 13 denotes an angle changing motor for changing the inclination angle of the beam splitter 11, which is fixed inside the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2. A support shaft 14 that supports the beam splitter 11 is fixed to a rotation shaft of the angle changing motor 13. The beam splitter 11 is supported by a support shaft 15 coaxial with the support shaft 14, and the support shaft 15 is
Are rotatably held by the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2 via the. When the rotation angle of the beam splitter 11 changes due to the rotation of the angle changing motor 13, the target optical path B reflected by the beam splitter 11 becomes the target optical path B 'according to the positions of the subject's eye 1' and the subject's eye 1 ". Or target light path B "
Can be changed as follows. Reference numerals 1 'and 1 "indicate states when the height of the subject's eye 1 changes due to a difference in sitting height or the like.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a microswitch for detecting the initial position of the tilt angle of the beam splitter 11.

The upper part of the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2 is
It is held rotatable in the horizontal direction with respect to 0. Reference numeral 21 denotes a horizontal rotation motor, and a wheel 22 is attached to a rotation shaft of the motor 21. A worm wheel 23 meshes with the wheel 22. The worm wheel 23 is fixed to a shaft 24 coaxial with the optical path A, and the shaft 24 is
It is planted at 0. When the wheel 22 is rotated by the drive of the motor 21, the upper part of the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2 rotates in a horizontal direction with respect to the fixed pedestal 20 via the thrust bearing 25, and changes the optotype light flux reflected by the beam splitter 11 right and left. Go to

The optotype inspection apparatus main body 2 has a detection mechanism for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected. Reference numeral 30 denotes a condensing lens which condenses infrared light emitted from a light emitting unit of a remote controller to be described later on a two-dimensional position detecting element 31. Two-dimensional position detecting element 31
For example, a semiconductor position detecting element used for an autofocus camera or the like is preferable. The vertical and horizontal positions of the remote control light emitting unit are detected based on the image position of the light emitting unit of the remote control formed on the two-dimensional position detecting element 31.

The detection mechanism includes a pair (a condenser lens 30 and a condenser lens 30) symmetrically with respect to the center axis of the beam splitter 11.
30 ', two-dimensional position detecting elements 31, 31') are arranged so that position detecting signals can be transmitted from either the left or right of the subject.

The optotype test apparatus main body 2 is provided with a transmitting / receiving section for exchanging optotype switching signals with a remote controller. A light receiving unit 32 receives a signal from the remote controller, and a light emitting unit 33 sends an optical signal for confirmation to the remote controller.

(Remote Control Unit) Reference numeral 40 denotes a remote control for switching targets, and FIG. 4 is a view showing the appearance thereof. Reference numeral 41 denotes a target switch group for selecting a target having a required visual acuity value, and reference numeral 42 denotes a position transmission switch for transmitting a position detection optical signal. Reference numerals 43 and 44 denote optical path changing switches for driving the angle changing motor 13 or the horizontal rotation motor 21 by manual operation and changing the target light path. Reference numeral 45 denotes a display unit for displaying a target presented on the target inspection apparatus main body 2.

At the rear of the remote controller 40, there are provided a light emitting section 46 for emitting a pulse signal by infrared light, and a light receiving section 47 for receiving an optical signal from the light emitting section 33.

The operation of the apparatus having the above-described configuration is as follows.
This will be described with reference to the electric system block diagram of FIG. The subject is positioned at a predetermined position on the front, and a power switch (not shown) is turned on. The control unit 50 of the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2 receives the signal, turns on the illumination lamp 9 via the driver 51, and rotates the angle changing motor 13 and the horizontal rotation motor 21 through the driver 52 and the driver 53, respectively, in the forward direction. Let it. Due to the forward rotation of the angle changing motor 13, the beam splitter 11 rotates clockwise in FIG. When the upper rear surface of the beam splitter 11 contacts the microswitch 17 due to the rotation of the beam splitter 11, the microswitch 17 is energized and the initial position is detected. After detecting the initial position, the control unit 50 reverses the angle changing motor 13 and moves until the optotype optical path becomes the optotype optical path B suitable for the standard eye height. Similarly, the main body 2 is driven by the forward rotation of the horizontal rotation motor 21.
Is rotated horizontally, the initial position is determined by a signal from a microswitch (not shown), and the horizontal rotation motor 21 is reversed by a predetermined amount.

Next, the examiner operates the remote controller 4 as shown in FIG.
The rear part of 0 is placed in a predetermined relationship with the eye to be examined. That is, the rear part of the remote controller 40 is adjusted to the height position of the subject's eye 1, and is placed at a position outside the line of sight of the subject's eye by a fixed amount (it may be placed on the line of sight. Since it is relatively large, it may be a rough position such as the position of the subject's ear.) Then, the position transmission switch 42 is pressed. The signal of the position transmission switch 42 is input to the control unit, and the control unit controls the operation of the light emitting unit 46 to convert the signal into an infrared pulse signal.
The infrared pulse signal is received by the light receiving section 32 of the main body 2, subjected to predetermined processing by the signal processing circuit 54, and input to the control section 50. The control unit 50 sets the position signal of the subject's eye in the receiving state, and reads the position of the subject's eye from the signal of the two-dimensional position detecting element 31. The position signal of the two-dimensional position detecting element 31 is taken into the control unit 50 via the signal processing circuit 55, and the position data in the vertical and horizontal directions is obtained. Based on the position data, the control unit 50 rotates the motor 13 and the motor 21 via the driver 52 and the driver 53 by a corresponding amount. The rotation of the motor 13 and the motor 21 moves the position of the beam splitter 11 with respect to the subject's eye, and the luminous flux of the target is directed toward the subject's eye 1.

After the target beam is made to accurately enter the eye 1 to be examined, the examiner operates the remote controller 40 to perform a visual acuity test. When a target to be presented is selected by pressing a switch of the target selection switch group 41, the remote control light emitting unit 4
The signal emitted from 6 is received by the light receiving section 32. The control unit 50 drives the motor 6 via the driver 56 to set the optotype 5 corresponding to the received switch signal in the optical path. The moving direction of the optotype is in the left-right direction (on the diagram in FIG. 1) at the position of the optotype disc plate 4, but is reflected by the beam splitter 11 and recognized by the subject's eye to be switched to the up-down direction. . Further, the control unit 50 transmits the target information corresponding to the presented target from the light emitting unit 33 to the remote controller 40 through the signal processing circuit 57. By displaying the optotype information on the display section 45 based on the signal received by the light receiving section 47 of the remote controller 40, discrepancies between the displayed contents and the presented optotype are prevented.

In this embodiment, the light-emitting unit 46 and the light-receiving unit 47 arranged on the remote controller 40 are provided at the rear of the remote controller 40. This means that the examiner faces the examinee (diagonally forward). This is because it is convenient when it is located, and as shown in FIG. 6, a light emitting section 46 'and a light receiving section 47' having the same functions as the light emitting section 46 and the light receiving section 47 are provided further forward, and the remote control is directed to which side. May also be good.

In this embodiment, a light source for detecting the position of the subject's eye is provided on the remote controller, and the position of the subject's eye is detected by bringing the remote controller close to the subject's eye. However, as shown in FIG. It may be attached to a temporary frame for inserting glasses or an inspection lens.

As means for adjusting the optical path of the target to the height of the eye to be inspected, the inclination angle of the beam splitter 11 is changed. May be driven by the height position detection signal.

Further, in order to move the optotype optical path up and down and left and right, the embodiment combines a mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the beam splitter 11 and a mechanism for horizontally rotating the upper portion of the optotype inspection apparatus main body 2. , Beam splitter 11
May be rotated about two axes.

[0027]

Second Embodiment In the first embodiment, the position of the subject's eye is detected using a two-dimensional position detecting element. In the second embodiment, a four-division light receiving element is disposed near the concave mirror 12 for detection. FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus according to the second embodiment when viewed from the right side. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. Reference numeral 60 denotes a condenser lens, and reference numeral 61 denotes a light receiving element divided into four as shown in FIG.

A light beam for position detection emitted from the light emitting section 45 of the remote controller is reflected by the beam splitter 11 and travels upward, and an image of the light emitting section is formed on the four-divided light receiving element 61 by the condenser lens 60. By comparing the light amounts between the four divided light receiving elements, the motor 13 and the motor 21 are driven to change the optical path of the target. That is, the angle of the beam splitter 11 is changed by the control unit 50 by the upper and lower light receiving elements (61a, 6a).
1b and 61c, 61d for the sake of convenience, the influence of the position due to reflection is not taken into account), and the motor 13 is rotated so that the image of the light emitting unit moves to the vertical center of the light receiving element 61. Do.

Similarly, in the left-right direction, the control unit 50 compares the light amount difference between the left and right light receiving elements (61a, 61c and 61b, 61d), and the image of the light emitting unit moves to the center of the light receiving element 61 in the left-right direction. The motor 21 is driven as described above. In this way, the target optical path moves toward the eye to be examined.

[0030]

Third Embodiment FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus according to a third embodiment. The third embodiment is an embodiment in which the optotype inspection device main body 2 of the first embodiment and the subjective inspection device are combined, and the beam splitter 11 is detected by detecting the height position of the subjective inspection device.
Change the optical path of the reflection target.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a subjective optometric apparatus placed in front of the subject's eye 1, and the subjective optometric apparatus 70 is suspended from an arm 71 and held. The arm 71 is supported by a shaft 72, and the shaft 72 is held by a pole 73 fixed to an optometry table (not shown) so as to be vertically movable in the axial direction.

A connecting plate 74 extending horizontally is attached to the lower end of the shaft 72, and the leading end of the connecting plate 74 is connected to a timing belt 75. Pulleys 76 and 77 are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the timing belt 75, respectively, and the rotation shaft of a rotary potentiometer 78 is fixed to the center of the pulley 76.

When the subjective optometric apparatus 70 is moved up and down together with the shaft 72 in order to adjust the height of the inspection window 70a of the subjective optometric apparatus 70 to the eye 1 to be examined, the vertical movement position of the shaft 72 is changed to the connecting plate 7
4. Potentiometer 7 via timing belt 75
8 is sent to the control circuit 79 as a change signal of the resistance value.
The control circuit 79 drives the beam splitter 11 by rotating the motor 13 by a predetermined amount corresponding to the signal, and directs the target optical path B toward the eye 1 to be examined. In the embodiment, the position in the left-right direction is not adjusted, but can be adjusted in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0034]

Fourth Embodiment A fourth embodiment is an embodiment of an apparatus having a target presenting mechanism having a different configuration from that of the first embodiment, and FIG.
It is a right side see-through | perspective schematic diagram for demonstrating the optotype presenting part of the apparatus of FIG. In the figure, the same or equivalent parts or members as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

An optical system having the following configuration is arranged inside the target inspection apparatus main body 2 '. The optotype drawn on the optotype disc plate 4 is illuminated by turning on the illumination lamp 9, and the optotype luminous flux passes through the beam splitter 11 via the first mirror 80 and the second mirror 81, and then passes through the concave mirror 12. '. The optotype luminous flux whose inspection optical axis is extended to almost infinity by reflection of the concave mirror 12 'is transmitted to the beam splitter 1
The eye 1 is reflected upward by the first mirror 1 and is examined by the third mirror 82.
Turned to In the optical path from the beam splitter 11 to the third mirror 82, a transparent glass 83 that blocks a space from the outside is arranged.

The third mirror 82 is rotatable about a shaft 84. A lower end of the third mirror 82 is provided with a cam cylinder 85. The rotation axis of the motor 13 'is eccentric to the outer periphery of the cam cylinder 85. Fixed. A shaft 86 is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the cam cylinder 85, and the rotation shaft of the motor 13 'is
1 By rotating counterclockwise, the micro switch 17 'is pressed, and the initial position of the third mirror 82 is detected. Since the optotype presenting unit of the fourth embodiment is configured as described above, the motor 13 is driven by a signal from the position detecting means for detecting the height of the subject's eye 1 as in the first, second or third embodiment. ′ Is driven and the angle of the third mirror 82 is changed according to the height position of the subject's eye 1. The embodiment having the above configuration can be variously modified, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Regardless of the physical condition of the subject,
Visual acuity can be easily measured while maintaining the same distance
You. It has an extremely simple configuration and is inexpensive and compact.
Maintenance equipment that does not easily adhere to the target surface
An easy device can be provided. The invention of claim 2
According to the test subject, the flow is switched in the vertical direction
Because it is visible, there is no discomfort.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus of Example 1 when viewed from a right side.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the device of Example 1 as viewed from the front.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the device of Example 1 when viewed from above.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an appearance of a remote controller for switching targets.

FIG. 5 is an electric block diagram of the device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a modification of a remote controller for switching targets.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a light source for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected is attached to eyeglasses.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the device of Example 2 when viewed from the right side.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a four-division light receiving element.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a right side perspective schematic diagram for explaining a target presenting unit of the device of the fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Target inspection apparatus main body 3 Window 4 Target disk disk 6 Target disk disk motor 10 Mirror 11 Beam splitter 12 Concave mirror 13 Angle changing motor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A61B 3/028

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An optotype presenting means for presenting an optotype for a visual acuity test.
Is placed in a predetermined housing, and there is considerable space between the subject's eye and the housing.
In a space-saving visual acuity testing device that performs inspections at intervals, the placement surface of the visual acuity test target is the installation plane of the visual acuity testing device.
Hold the optotype plate so that it is almost perpendicular to
Optotype switching means for switching the target to a predetermined presentation position, a reflecting member for reflecting the optotype light flux from the optotype switching means in an upward direction, and reflected by the reflecting member and transmitted through the beam splitter.
Concave mirror for reflecting a target beam toward the beam splitter
The concave mirror has a visual acuity at a predetermined apparent inspection distance.
The beam splitter has a curvature for placing an examination target, and the beam splitter
Directly reflects the luminous flux toward the luminous flux outlet provided in the housing
At a position where the target beam is swung up and down.
Beam splitter that can change its reflection angle
Light guide optical system consisting of a mirror and a concave mirror, and the height of the eye to be examined.
To change the reflection angle of the beam splitter.
It has an input means for inputting change information, and
And adjusting the reflection angle of the beam splitter based on the
And an adjusting means . 2. The visual acuity test apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
The optotype plate is the same as the optotype arranging part where the optotype for sight test is arranged
A rotating disk plate having a circumference, wherein the presentation position is
The subject moves up and down when the target is switched by rotating the rotating disk
A visual acuity test apparatus characterized by being a position where movement of a target in a direction is recognized .