JP2958272B2 - Driving rivets - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a driving rivet which is used for fastening thin plates (materials to be fastened) of metal or other materials to each other.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when fastening parts, especially plates, in transportation equipment or building materials, they are conventionally fastened with driving rivets made of iron or stainless steel. Meanwhile, in recent years,
Due to the demand for weight reduction in general industrial equipment such as transportation equipment, aluminum alloys have come to be frequently used for parts to be used. According to the aluminum alloy, this kind of equipment can be reduced in weight, and recycling is effective for effective use of resources.

However, in a conventional driving rivet made of iron or stainless steel, when plates made of an aluminum alloy are fastened to each other, not only causes electrochemical corrosion (so-called electrolytic corrosion) but also impairs recyclability. And so on.

For this reason, a driving rivet 10 made of an aluminum alloy having the same shape as a conventional driving rivet made of iron or stainless steel as shown in FIG.
An example of fastening aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 is known. In this example, first, as shown in FIG. 6A, the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 to be fastened to each other are supported on the driving punch 101 of the caulking device 100.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the driving rivet 10 supported by the stem 102 is lowered and driven into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 from the shaft 10a (FIG. 6 (C)). As a result, as shown in FIG. 6D, the aluminum alloy plates 11, 12 are sheared, curled in accordance with the shape of the punch 101, and the aluminum alloy plates 11, 12 are fastened.

[0006]

Here, FIG. 5 (B)
Shows the state after the completion of the caulking of the aluminum alloy plates 11, 12, and the like. Shaft 1 having straight hole 10b
The expanded state of Oa as shown in the figure forms a state in which the Oa bites into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12. However, in the case of the driving rivet 10, the driving rivet 1
The curl diameter E1 of the 0 shaft portion 10a or the clinch diameter E2 of the aluminum alloy plate 12 is relatively small. That is, the penetration of the driving rivet 10 is shallow, and a sufficiently large bonding strength cannot always be obtained.

Further, after typing, while medium Kas (also referred to as "scrap") connecting portion becomes thin, and using the caulking et the workpieces, the omission scum hammering rivet holes Easy to fall off. In an extreme case, it may fall off at the same time as the driving rivet is driven. On the other hand, in the caulking device, when the driving punch descends, the shaft portion 10a of the driving rivet 10 bends and bulges (buckles), and the driving force often does not act effectively. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a driving rivet particularly suitable for fastening an aluminum alloy plate.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on such problems, and as a result,
By making the shape of the internal cavity of the driving rivet into a certain shape, it was found that the aluminum alloy plate can be effectively fastened without using a driving rivet made of aluminum alloy without removing the middle waste etc. Based on this, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides (1) a driving rivet made of an aluminum alloy, which comprises a head portion and a shaft portion, and which is driven into a material to be fastened to caulk the material to be fastened. The portion has a tapered hole expanding toward the shaft end side and a tapered portion having a larger inclination angle than the tapered hole.
Driving tool characterized by satisfying (1) to (5)
Bed. A1 = (0.5 to 0.6) × d −−− (1) B = t + (0.08 to 0.1) × d −−− (2) L = t + (0.75 to 0) .8) × d --- (3) θ = 5 ° to 7 ° ------ (4) α = 40 ° to 60 ° ------ (5) A1: maximum diameter of tapered hole θ; taper Angle of inclination of hole α; Angle of inclination of taper part B; Hole length of tapered hole d; Shaft diameter L; Total length t; Total thickness of aluminum alloy plate

[0010] (2) The driving rivet according to any one of the above (1) , wherein the driving rivet is subjected to a heat treatment.

(3) The driving rivet according to the above ( 2 ), wherein a solution treatment and an age hardening treatment performed thereafter are employed as the heat treatment.

(4) The driving rivet according to the above ( 2 ), which is further subjected to a surface treatment.

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

According to the present invention, the material to be fastened is driven into the material to be fastened from the shaft portion of the driving rivet, and the material to be fastened can be mutually fastened by caulking with the material to be fastened. In this case, the driving rivet can be driven efficiently by providing a tapered hole formed so as to expand on the shaft end side. Thereby, the member to be fastened can be fastened with high bonding strength. Since the driving rivet of the present invention is made of an aluminum alloy, there is no concern about problems such as electrolytic corrosion even when an aluminum alloy plate is fastened, and the rivet is excellent in recyclability. Moreover, even though it is made of aluminum alloy, given heat treatment or surface treatment is performed,
The strength as a rivet of this kind can be secured.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a driving rivet according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, using substantially the same reference numerals as those of the conventional example or corresponding members. [First Embodiment] In a first embodiment of the present invention, a driving rivet 1 is composed of a head 2 and a shaft 3 as shown in FIG. Is flat and has a gentle curve from the head to the shaft. Shaft 3
Is a cavity (shaft hole), and a tapered hole 4 is formed in this cavity so as to expand toward the shaft end.

As a material of the driving rivet 1, an aluminum alloy is used.
A2000 or A7000 series aluminum alloy is adopted. The driving rivet 1 can be caulked and fastened by being driven into each of the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 as the material to be fastened. The driving rivet 1 is formed by header processing, and after this formation, a heat treatment is further performed. This heat treatment improves the overall strength of the driving rivet 1 and promotes hardening, so that the material to be fastened can be easily driven in caulking.

Here, as an example of the heat treatment for improving the strength and hardening, for example, a solution treatment → an age hardening treatment is employed. In this solution treatment, the aluminum alloy is hardened. For example, the aluminum alloy is heated in an atmosphere of 460 to 500 ° C. for about 6 to 8 hours, and then cooled with water. In this age hardening treatment, the strength of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Heating is performed in an atmosphere of 5 ° C. for about 22 to 26 hours, and then air cooling is performed.

By this heat treatment, the strength of the aluminum alloy is improved and hardened, so that a satisfactory driving rivet can be obtained. After these heat treatments, a predetermined surface treatment is preferably performed. Examples of the surface treatment include shot peening (WPC) treatment, chemical conversion coating (alumite) treatment, resin coating,
Zinc plating, metal spraying, vacuum deposition, or the like is performed, or these surface treatments are appropriately combined. This surface treatment improves corrosion resistance and the like.

In the above case, it is preferable to apply a lubricant to the driving rivet 1 subjected to the heat treatment or to the driving rivet 1 further subjected to the surface treatment after the heat treatment. By applying the lubricant, the slipperiness can be improved when the driving rivet 1 is driven into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12. As the lubricant, for example, a molybdenum treating agent or a surfactant is applied. In the driving rivet 1 made of an aluminum alloy as in the present invention, the lubricant functions particularly well in slipperiness than the driving rivet 1 of iron or stainless steel.
In addition to the lubricant, a method of performing Teflon processing or the like is also employed.

Next, a process of fastening the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 by the driving rivet 1 in this embodiment will be described. In FIG. 2A, aluminum alloy plates 11, 12 to be fastened to each other are supported on a driving punch 101 of a caulking device 100. The driving rivet 1 is supported by the stem 102 above the driving rivet 1 while being aligned with the convex portion 101b formed in the concave groove 101a of the driving punch 101.

Next, the driving rivet 1 supported by the stem 102 is lowered as shown in FIG.
Then, they are driven into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 at a predetermined pressure (FIG. 2C). As a result, the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 are sheared as shown in FIG. 2D, and the driving rivet 1 is curled according to the shape of the convex portion 101b of the driving punch 101. As a result, the driving rivet 1 is expanded at the shaft end side of the shaft portion 3 as shown in the figure, and the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 are fastened.

According to this embodiment, since the tapered hole 4 which expands at the shaft end side of the shaft portion 3 of the driving rivet 1 is provided, the shaft portion 3 is easily expanded when the driving rivet 1 is caulked. The curl diameter E1 or the clinch diameter E2 (FIG. 5)
) Can be made larger. More specifically, the provision of the tapered hole 4 enhances a stretching force that promotes compression and lateral extension of the member to be fastened, compared to a punching shear load generated when the member to be fastened is punched. Will work as follows. As a result, the driving rivet 1 bites deeply and widely into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12, so that the bonding strength between the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 can be increased.

Here, the pull-out load test of the bonding strength of the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 fastened using the driving rivets (10 pieces) of the following specific specifications 1 (the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 A pulling rivet was pulled in the opposite direction along the surface, and a test was performed to measure the load “pulling load” when the driving rivet came off the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12, and as a result, the pulling load was in the range of 588 to 626 kgf. And the average was 613 Kgf.

Specification 1 (first embodiment) Overall length (L): 8.5 mm, head diameter (D): 10 mm, shaft diameter (d): 6 mm, length of tapered hole (B1): 4.5 m
m, the minimum diameter of the tapered hole (A2): 3 mm, the maximum diameter of the tapered hole (A1): 3.5 mm, (the thickness of each aluminum alloy plate to be fastened is 2 mm, and the total thickness is 4 mm) Conventional driving rivet 1 with the following specific specifications 2
0 (FIG. 5), the detachment load is 496 to 561K.
gf, with an average of 526 Kgf.

Specification 2 (conventional) Overall length (L): 8.5 mm, head diameter (D): 10 mm, shaft diameter (d); 6 mm, straight hole length (C): 4.5 m
m, hole diameter of straight hole (A3); 3 mm (each aluminum alloy plate to be fastened has a thickness of 2 mm)

The crimping was performed by using 10 pieces of each of the above specifications (caulking load: 1600 kgf). In the case of the above specification 1, the clinch diameter was dispersed in the range of 7.8 to 8.0 mm. Also, the above specification 2 has a clinch diameter of 7.5 to 7.5.
It was dispersed in the range of 7.7 mm. A large clinch diameter means a large fixing force, and the superiority of the present invention can be understood.

Since the driving rivet 1 of the present invention is made of an aluminum alloy in particular, even when the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 are caulked and fastened, no electrolytic corrosion or the like occurs at the fastening portion. Therefore, the high bonding strength in the fastened initial state can be maintained for a long time. In addition, since the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 and the driving rivet 1 as the materials to be fastened are both aluminum alloys, they are separated from the material to be fastened and recycled like the conventional driving rivets 10 made of iron or stainless steel. There is no need to do so, and it can be used as it is for recycling.

[Second Embodiment] Next, in a second embodiment of the present invention, a driving rivet 1
As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the head comprises a head 2 and a shaft portion 3, and a tapered hole 4 and a tapered portion 5 are provided in the shaft portion 3 in the axial direction. Here, a tapered portion 5 is formed at the shaft end of the tapered hole 4. The tapered hole 4 and the tapered portion 5 are formed so as to expand toward the shaft end, respectively. The inclination of the tapered portion 5 is larger than the inclination of the tapered hole 4. The tapered hole 4 itself is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. That is, in the second embodiment, a taper portion 5 having a stronger inclination is provided as an extension of the tapered hole 4 of the first embodiment. Other configurations are basically the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows a fastening process of the aluminum alloy plates 11, 12 by the driving rivet 1 in the second embodiment. In FIG. 3A, aluminum alloy plates 11, 12 to be fastened to each other are supported on a driving punch 101 of a caulking device 100. Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the driving rivet 1 supported by the stem 102 is lowered, and is driven from its shaft 3 into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 at a predetermined pressure (FIG. 3C). Further, as shown in FIG. 3D, the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 are sheared, and the driving rivet 1 curls following the shape of the convex portion 101b of the driving punch 101.

The driving rivet 1 is also used in the second embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 are fastened by expanding the shaft end side of the shaft portion 3. Particularly in this example, since the tapered portion 5 is provided continuously in the axial direction,
Resistance at the time of driving the driving rivet 1 into the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 is reduced, and driving is easy.

Further, the effect of extending the lower plate 12 of the member to be fastened can be increased, and the shaft portion 3 can easily bite relatively deeply. As a result, the bonding strength between the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 can be further increased. Here, a pull-out load test of the bonding strength of the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 fastened using the driving rivets of the following specific specification 3 was performed. As a result, the pull-out load was in the range of 675 to 737 Kgf. And the average was 698 Kgf.

Specification 3 (Second Embodiment) Overall length (L): 8.5 mm, head diameter (D): 10 mm, shaft diameter (d): 6 mm, hole length of tapered hole (B1): 4.5 m
m, minimum diameter of tapered hole (A2); 3 mm, maximum diameter of tapered hole (A1); 3.5 mm, length of tapered portion (B2);
0.5 mm, minimum diameter of tapered portion (A4 = A1); 3.5
mm, the maximum diameter of the tapered portion (A5): 4.5 mm, (the thickness of each aluminum alloy plate to be fastened is 2 mm, and the total thickness is 4 mm). (Caulking load 1600 kgf).

As a result, the clinch diameter was 7.9 to 8.1.
mm. In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is more preferable that a heat treatment and a surface treatment be performed.

The present inventors have conducted many experiments, and as a result,
Shaft and shaft hole of rivet (straight hole, tapered hole, etc.)
When the length is increased, the curl diameter of the driving rivet and the clinch diameter of the member to be fastened can be increased, and as a result, the fastening force (caulking force) tends to be increased, On the other hand, on the other hand, it was verified that the member to be fastened was punched out, and there was a danger of falling off chips falling off. As a result of further experiments, in the driving rivet according to the second embodiment having a tapered hole and a tapered portion in the shaft portion, those having a range satisfying the following equations (1) to (5) are more preferable. We confirm that it is suitable.

A1 = (0.5 to 0.6) × d─── (1) B = t + (0.08 to 0.1) × d─── (2) L = t + (0.75 to 0.8) × d─── (3) θ = 5 ° to 7 ° ─── (4) α = 40 ° to 60 ° ─── (5) A1: Maximum diameter of tapered hole θ; Inclined angle of tapered hole α; Inclined angle of tapered portion B: Taper Hole length d; Shaft diameter L; Total length t; Total thickness of aluminum alloy plate

[Third Embodiment] In a third embodiment of the present invention, the driving rivet 1 comprises a head 2 and a shaft 3 as shown in FIG. In the example, the shaft portion 3 has a straight hole 6 and a tapered hole 7 continuously provided near the shaft end of the straight hole 6. The tapered hole 7 is formed so as to expand toward the shaft end. Other configurations are basically the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a state at the time of completion of caulking in the third embodiment. In this embodiment, the shaft portion 3 is expanded by providing the tapered hole 7,
High bonding strength to the workpiece is ensured. Here, the pull-out load test of the bonding strength of the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 fastened using the driving rivets of the following specific specification 4 was performed. As a result, the pull-out load was 589 to 653.
It was in the range of Kgf, with an average of 643 Kgf.

Specification 4 (Third Embodiment) Overall length (l): 8.5 mm, head diameter (D): 10 mm, shaft diameter (d): 6 mm, length of straight hole (C): 2 mm,
Hole diameter of straight hole (A3): 2.5 mm, hole length of tapered hole (B1): 2.5 mm, minimum diameter of tapered hole (A
2); 2.5 mm, maximum diameter of tapered hole (A1); 4 m
m, (the thickness of each aluminum alloy plate to be fastened is 2 mm) Ten pieces having the above specification 4 were caulked (caulking load: 1600 kgf). As a result, the clinch diameter is
It was dispersed in the range of 7.8 to 8.0 mm. In the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is more preferable to perform a heat treatment and a surface treatment.

Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited only to the embodiment, and it goes without saying that other various modifications can be made without departing from the essence of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, an example in which the head is a flat surface has been described.

In the above embodiment, the case where the aluminum alloy plates 11 and 12 are particularly fastened has been described. However, the present invention provides various types of aluminum alloy driving rivets as long as they can be driven and swaged. It can be effectively applied to plate materials. For example, synthetic resin, rubber and wood, or other metal materials can be fastened with high bonding strength.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, when this kind of plate is fastened, it can be fastened with high bonding strength after solving problems such as electrolytic corrosion or recycling. In particular, the diameter of the clinch can be increased, and as a result, the fastening force (caulking force) increases, and there is no loss of the scum. Therefore, it is possible to effectively cope with the demand for weight reduction in all industrial equipment such as transportation equipment and the like, and energy saving can be expected by realizing weight reduction of this kind of equipment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a configuration example of each embodiment of a driving rivet of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a fastening step in the first embodiment of the driving rivet of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a fastening step in a second embodiment of the driving rivet of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after caulking is completed in a third embodiment of the driving rivet of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional driving rivet and a state after completion of caulking.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a fastening step of a conventional driving rivet.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing dimension display symbols of driving rivets of specifications 1 to 4.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Driving rivet 2 ... Head 3 ... Shaft part 4, 5 ... Tapered hole 6 ... Straight hole 7 ... Tapered hole 11, 12 ... Aluminum alloy plate 100 ... Caulking device 101 ... Driving punch 102 ... Stem A1; Tapered hole The maximum diameter of the taper B; the length of the tapered hole θ °; the inclination angle of the tapered hole α; the inclination angle of the tapered part d; the shaft diameter L; the total length t;

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-4372 (JP, A) JP-A-56-73211 (JP, A) Fully open sho 60-43710 (JP, U) Really open sho 58- 178510 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application No. 52-133293 (JP, U) JULIUS SOLED, P.S. E., "FASTENERS HAND BOOK", 1957, REINHOLD P UBLISHING CORPORATION ION, p. 26 (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16B 19/08

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A driving rivet made of an aluminum alloy comprising a head portion and a shaft portion, which is driven into a material to be fastened to caulk the material to be fastened, and is expanded toward the shaft portion toward the shaft end. It has a tapered hole to be opened and a tapered portion having a larger inclination angle than the tapered hole, and satisfies the following expressions (1) to (5).
Driving rivet characterized by being. A1 = (0.5 to 0.6) × d −−− (1) B = t + (0.08 to 0.1) × d −−− (2) L = t + (0.75 to 0) .8) × d --- (3) θ = 5 ° to 7 ° ------ (4) α = 40 ° to 60 ° ------ (5) A1: maximum diameter of tapered hole θ; taper Angle of inclination of hole α; Angle of inclination of taper part B; Hole length of tapered hole d; Shaft diameter L; Total length t; Total thickness of aluminum alloy plate 2. The driving rivet according to claim 1 , wherein a heat treatment is applied to the driving rivet. 3. The driving rivet according to claim 2 , wherein a solution treatment and an age hardening treatment performed thereafter are adopted as the heat treatment. 4. The driving rivet according to claim 2 , further comprising a surface treatment.