JP2953935B2 - Clutch and brake device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a clutch / brake device suitable for use around a working machine such as a combine or a transport vehicle, and more particularly to a technique for facilitating a brake operation following a clutch operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 5-196153 has been filed.
As shown in the above item, it is proposed that a single operating lever and side clutch / brake be linked so that the heavy clutch disengagement operation is performed by the actuator and the subsequent side brake operation is performed manually. Have been. This is because the brake operation, which requires a relatively small operating force, is manually performed.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 21473, etc., it is possible to simplify the structure and reduce the cost while maintaining light operability, as compared with the one using a hydraulic cylinder for both the side clutch disengagement operation and the brake operation. There are advantages.

[0003]

Indeed, the brake operation can be sufficiently operated by human power, but the brake operation can be performed more lightly, probably because it does not reach the same level as the light operation feeling by the conventional actuator. Voices have been increasing.

An object of the present invention is to improve the operability of the clutch / brake while adopting a simple and inexpensive structure in which the brake operation is performed manually.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A feature of the present invention is that each of the transmission systems to the pair of left and right drive shafts is reversibly moved by moving the sleeve from the first position to the second position against the urging force of the spring. A side clutch and a side brake are provided, which can be disengaged and disengaged from the inclined cam surface formed on the sleeve, and the sleeve is moved to the second position by the rotational force of the sleeve when engaged. A mating pin is provided,
A mechanical interlocking mechanism is provided for interlocking the operated member of the side brake and a single operation lever, and the operation of the operation lever from a predetermined position to one side drives one of the pair of drive shafts. The side clutch for the shaft is disengaged, then the side brake for the one drive shaft is braked, and the side clutch for the other drive shaft is disengaged by moving the operation lever from the predetermined position to the other. Then, the left and right engaging pins and the mechanical interlocking mechanism are linked to the operation lever so that the side brake for the other drive shaft is braked, and the operated lever is operated with respect to the operation amount of the operation lever. A cam mechanism in which the moving amount of the member is smaller in the latter stage of the lever operation than in the initial stage of the lever operation is provided in the mechanical interlocking mechanism.

[0006]

According to the operation of the operating lever, the side clutch is operated and then the side brake is operated. From the start of the operation of the operating lever until the side brake starts to work, there is flexibility in the mechanical structure. There is also a general play in mechanical linkages. In the above-described conventional technology, the operation lever and the side brake are merely linked and linked, so that even if the operation lever is moved and operated due to the above-described flexibility and operation play, the operated side brake is actually operated. The member operates (moves)
There was a state of no operation, a so-called useless operation area.

Focusing on the above points, in the present invention, there is provided a cam mechanism in which the movement amount of the operated member with respect to the operation amount of the operation lever is smaller in the latter stage of the lever operation than in the initial stage of the lever operation. Since the lever and the operation play can be taken with a slight operation of the operating lever at the initial stage of the lever operation, the operating member moves without moving the operated member without increasing the operating range of the operating lever. The effective operation area in which the operated member operates in accordance with the operation of the operation lever can be increased by reducing the useless operation area. As a result, even if the operation area of the operation lever is the same size, the operation amount of the operation lever for operating the operated member by the unit amount in the effective operation area can be increased, so that the operation force on the side brake is reduced. It can be lighter than technology.
In other words, the side brake can be operated lightly without using an actuator.

Further, as a side clutch, the engagement pin is engaged with the inclined cam surface formed on the sleeve to rotate the sleeve against the urging force of the spring by the rotational force from the first position to the second position.
Since the clutch which moves to the position and is operated to be disengaged is provided, the side clutch can be reliably operated for disengagement against the urging force with a relatively small operation force such as engaging the engagement pin with the inclined cam surface. . As a result, the side clutch can be disengaged by an artificial force (manual operation force) without using an actuator, or even if an actuator is used, a small and inexpensive actuator that can only engage the engagement pin can be used. I can do it.

[0009]

As a result, although light operability can be obtained, an actuator for the side brake is unnecessary, and even when an actuator for the side clutch is used, the actuator is small and inexpensive. Synergistic with the need for a simple device, it has become possible to provide a device which is simple and inexpensive in structure and is useful in terms of structure and cost as a clutch / brake device for a small machine.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in which the present invention is applied to a combine driving operation structure. As shown in FIG. 2, the drive shafts 2, 2
And drive sprockets 3, 3 are attached to the drive shafts 2, 2, respectively, and the crawler traveling devices 4, 4 are driven. The first part of the drive shafts 2 and 2 in the transmission case 1
The transmission gears 5 and 5 are attached, the left and right side clutches 7 and the left and right side brakes 8 and 8 are provided on the transmission shaft 6 parallel to the drive shafts 2 and 2, and the input gear 9 receiving the power from the driving unit is connected to the left and right side clutches. The traveling transmission of the combine is constituted by loosely fitting to the transmission shaft 6 between 7,7.

Next, the side clutch 7 and the side brake 8 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, sleeves 10 are loosely fitted on the left and right sides of the transmission shaft 6, and these sleeves 10,
Claw-type first engagement portions are formed on opposing side surfaces of the output gear 9 and the output gear 9, and left and right side clutches 7 are formed by the sleeves 10 and the output gear 9. On the other hand, second engagement portions that engage and disengage in a claw type are formed on the sleeves 10, 10 and the first case fixing portion Q on the wall surface of the transmission case 1, respectively, so that the side brakes 8, 8 having the meshing structure are formed. Have been. In the drawing, reference numeral 11 denotes a spring for urging the sleeves 10, 10 into the clutch engagement position.

An operation structure for the left and right side clutches 7, 7 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the inclined cam 10 </ b> A is provided on one outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 10.
Is formed on the second case fixing portion P of the transmission case 1, the engaging pin 1 being detachable from the inclined cam 10 </ b> A.
2 is pivoted. A spring (not shown) for urging the engagement pin 12 to the disengagement position is provided, and a solenoid (for moving the engagement pin 12 to the engagement position with the tilt cam 10A against the urging force) ( (Equivalent to actuator)
13 are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the operating section is provided with a single operation lever 14 which can swing crosswise, and the side clutch 7 is turned on and off by swinging the operation lever 14 left and right. However, there is provided a control means 16 for operating either the left or right switch 15 by the swing to the left and right, thereby operating the solenoid 13. That is, FIG.
When the operating lever 14 is swung to one side in the transmission state of, the switch 15 is turned on, the solenoid 13 operates, and the engaging pin 12 engages with the cam surface of the inclined cam 10A. Then, since the sleeve 10 maintains the rotating state, the sleeve 10 rotates with respect to the engagement pin 12, and the sleeve 10 moves from the first position to the second position along the inclined cam 10A.
3B, the clutch is disengaged from the output gear 9 as shown in FIG. 3B.

When the operating lever 14 is returned to the original neutral position from the above position, the sleeve 10 is moved to the first position by the urging spring 11, and is engaged with the output gear 9, so that the clutch is engaged. However, in the actual operation,
When the operating lever 14 is continuously operated in one direction, the state in which the side brake 8 works while maintaining the clutch disengaged state appears. For this reason, the inclined cam 10A further moves the sleeve 10 from the clutch disengaged state. It is formed in a shape with one wall removed so that it can be moved laterally.

Next, an operation structure for the left and right side brakes 8, 8 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the operation lever 14 and the shift fork 31 of the side brake 8 are linked by a mechanical link mechanism B. That is, the swing arm 17 that swings integrally with the operation lever 14 only around the axis X is provided.
7, a vertically oriented boss member 28 is pivotally supported at the tip end, and an interlocking rod 32 is fitted over the U-shaped bracket 30 pivotally supported by an L-shaped plate 29 supported by the operation box 20 and the boss member 28. Have been. A three-propeller lever arm 34 connected to an L-shaped plate 29 and a rod 33 is pivotally supported on the side surface of the transmission case 1, and cam levers 35 symmetrical to each other are provided on fork shafts 35 supporting left and right shift forks 31, 31, respectively. A cam mechanism A is configured by the cam levers 36 and 36 and the lever arm 34.

The shift forks 31, 31 are sleeve 1
Acts on 0, 10 to slide the sleeves 10, 10 in the axial direction. Therefore, when the operation lever 14 is largely swung right and left, the interlocking rod 32, the L-shaped plate 29, the cam mechanism A, and the shift fork 31 are operated, and the sleeve 10 in the clutch disengaged state is engaged with the second case fixing portion P. Then, the side brake 8 operates as shown in FIG.

The interlocking rod 32 and the boss member 28, and the interlocking rod 32 and the U-shaped bracket 30 are provided with winding springs 37, respectively. It is made to come out. Thereby, even when the shift fork 31 does not immediately move even if the lever is operated due to phase mismatch, etc.
As long as the lever is operated, there is an advantage that the shift operation is automatically performed thereafter by the biasing force of the winding spring 37.

Cam mechanism A provided in mechanical interlocking mechanism B
Will be described in detail. A roller 38 is fitted on the pin 34 a erected at the left and right working ends of the lever arm 34, and the left and right cam levers 36, 36 have first contact surfaces 36 a with the roller 38. A second contact surface 36b is formed. The angle α ₁ formed between the line segment S connecting the swing fulcrum Z of the lever arm 34 and the swing fulcrum W of the cam lever 36 and the first contact surface 36a is the angle α formed between the line segment S and the second contact surface 36b. It is set smaller than ₂ . That is, the swing angle of the cam lever 36 with respect to the swing angle of the lever arm 34 when the roller 38 and the first contact surface 36a are in contact with each other is determined by the roller 38 and the second contact surface 36a.
The swing angle of the cam lever 36 is set to be larger than the swing angle of the lever arm 34 in the state of contact with b.

That is, the amount of movement of the shift fork (corresponding to the operated member) 31 with respect to the amount of operation of the operation lever 14 is:
The cam mechanism A functions so that the later stage of the lever operation is smaller than the initial stage of the lever operation after the operation of the switch 15, so that after the operation of the switch 15 until the shift fork 31 actually starts to move. The required operation range of the operation lever 14, that is, the so-called useless operation range, is reduced, the effective stroke for the brake operation is increased, and the side brake operation becomes lighter.

With the above structure, when the operating lever 14 is operated to one of the left and right sides, the side clutch 7 is disengaged by the first-stage operation, and when the second-stage operation is performed in the same direction, the side clutch 7 is driven through the mechanical interlocking mechanism B. The brake 8 can be turned on and operated.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5,
The hole 39k of the fulcrum boss 39, which is fitted into the fulcrum shaft 34j of the lever arm 34, and the hole 34k formed in the lever arm 34 are passed through a driver or the like so that the lever arm 34 can be easily formed. The position can be adjusted to the neutral position. Further, the support boss 40 and the cam lever 36, which are key-fitted to the fork shaft 35, are formed in a spigot structure which is bolted at three places. The position of the cam lever 36 with respect to the position can be adjusted in accordance with the neutral position of the lever arm 34.

The raising and lowering operation structure of the mowing part (not shown) will be described. First, as shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the structure of the support portion of the operation lever 14 will be described in more detail. First, the boss member 18 of the support frame 21 fixed to the operation box 20 has the front-rear rotation operation shaft 19 inside. A channel-like first base end 22 in plan view is fixed to one end of the front-rear rotation operation shaft 19 so as to be able to swing around a front-rear axis X. Then, the cylindrical second base end 24 is fitted around the left and right support shaft 23 attached to the first base end 22 so as to be swingable about the left and right axis Y.
The operation lever 14 is fixed to the second base end 24.
As a result, the operation lever 14 is configured to be able to perform a cross swing about the axes X and Y.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned swing arm 17 is attached to the other end of the front-rear rotation operation shaft 19 so as to be integrally rotatable, and this swing arm 17 is connected to the front-rear rotation operation shaft 19 and the first and second base ends. It is configured so as to be able to swing right and left around the axis X integrally with the parts 22, 24 and the operation lever 14. A skirt portion 22A protruding downward is integrally formed with the first base end portion 22,
An arc-shaped lower end surface 22a centered on the axis X and the left and right switches 15, 15 are arranged to face each other. Both switches 15, 15 are fixedly mounted on the support frame 21,
When the operation lever 14 is slightly swung from the neutral position, the lower end face 2
The operation mechanism C is configured by the state in which the 2a and the operation section 15a of the switch 15 are in contact with each other.

The second base end 24 of the operating lever 14
A connection frame 25 that moves rearward along the front-rear axis X.
And an operation rod 27 is linked to a front end of the connection frame 25 via a ball joint 26 that can be bent at right angles. The other end of the operating rod 27 is linked to an elevating sensor or the like, and the operating lever 1
The second base end portion 24, the connecting frame 25, and the operating rod 27 are vertically swung by swinging the back and forth around the axis Y. With the above-described configuration, the mowing unit moves up and down by swinging the operation lever 14 around the left-right axis Y, and swings around the front-rear axis X, so that the left and right side clutches 7 and 8 Can be performed simultaneously.

[Another Embodiment] For example, rods connected to the left and right cam levers 36, 36 may be provided, and a cam mechanism A may be formed between these rods and the L-shaped arm 29. Further, the present invention may be applied to a structure in which the side clutch 7 and the side brake 8 are directly mounted on the drive shaft 2, and the side clutch 7 and the side brake 8 are respectively provided on the left and right drive shafts 2 and 2. Any structure that works will do.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the entire side clutch operation structure.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an operation structure of a side clutch and a brake.

FIG. 3 is an operation diagram showing an operation state of a side clutch / brake.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an engagement pin and a sleeve.

FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the structure of the cam mechanism and the mechanical interlocking mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a vertical side view of the vicinity of the operation tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Drive shaft 7 Side clutch 8 Side brake 10 Sleeve 10A Inclined cam surface 11 Spring 12 Engagement pin 14 Operating lever 31 Operated member A Cam mechanism B Mechanical interlocking mechanism

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B62D 11/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A transmission system for a pair of left and right drive shafts (2).
From the first position to the second position of the sleeve (10) respectively
Reversible by movement against the urging force of the spring (11)
Side clutch (7), which is operated to switch off
Key (8) and an inclined cam surface (10A) formed on the sleeve (10).
The sleeve can be disengaged and disengaged.
The sleeve (10) is moved to the second position by the rotation force of (10).
And an operating pin (12) for operating the side brake (8).
Mechanical interlocking mechanism that interlocks with the operating lever (14)
(B) is provided, and a side clutch ( 1) of one of the pair of drive shafts (2) and (2) is operated by moving the operation lever (14) from a predetermined position to one side. 7) cut off
Operation, and then together with the side brake (8) is braked operated for該片side of the drive shaft (2), the moving operation to the other from the predetermined position of the operating lever (14), for the other side of the drive shaft (2) Side clutch (7) cut off
The operation lever (1 ) is moved so that the side brake (8) for the drive shaft (2) on the other side is braked.
4) The left and right engagement pins (12) and the mechanical interlocking mechanism
(B), and a movement amount of the operated member (31) with respect to an operation amount of the operation lever (14) is smaller in the latter stage of the lever operation than in the initial stage of the lever operation (A). ) Is provided in the mechanical interlocking mechanism (B).