JP2952659B2 - Volume reduction machine for waste plastics - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a volume reducing machine for reducing the volume of various kinds of waste such as plastics discharged from homes and factories.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various volume reducing machines have been known. A screw is rotatably disposed in a casing provided with an inlet and an extrusion die, and one end connected to a rotation drive system of the screw; In general, the opposite ends are rotatably supported by bearings. And
The screw end opposite to the one end connected to the rotary drive system is rotatably penetrated through the extrusion die, and is supported by a bearing outside the casing.

[0003]

For this reason, the conventional volume reducer has a problem that the screw has to be long and large. Further, hard foreign substances such as metals may be mixed in the waste to be treated by the volume reducing machine, and if these hard foreign substances are present, an excessive load is suddenly applied to the screw. In the conventional screw, there is a problem in that the influence of the load extends to the bearing portion outside the casing, and damage such as breakage occurs in many portions supporting the screw.

[0004] In order to solve these problems, cantilever-supporting type screws that rotatably support only one end of the screw have been developed. However, there is a problem in strength, and in particular, an excessive load is suddenly applied. There was a problem that when it did, it was easily damaged. An object of the present invention is to provide a volume reducing machine that solves such a problem.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a rotary drive system 8, 10, 11 is provided in a casing 2 having an inlet 2a and an extrusion die 5. The screws 3, 4 connected to the screw 3 and 4 are rotatably arranged, and the waste plastic or the like charged from the input port 2a is moved toward the extrusion die 5 by the rotational driving force of the screws 3, 4, and crushed, heated, After being compressed and reduced in volume, the reduced volume solid is extruded into the extrusion die 5.
In the volume reducer for discharging waste plastic or the like discharged from the discharge port 13 provided in the above, the end of the screws 3, 4 opposite to the one end connected to the rotary drive systems 8, 10, 11 is connected to the extrusion die 5. rotatably fitted supported, whereby the recess 5a provided, as well as eliminating the need for the casing 2 outside of the bearing, Ri FIG improving drawbacks in a strength of cantilevered type, also with the extrusion die 5 Contact face
And a gas collecting port 16
The bar member 14 is connected to the discharge port 13 side of the extrusion die 5.
It can be opened and closed freely .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a projection having a slightly smaller diameter is provided at an end opposite to one end connected to the rotary drive systems 8, 10, 11 of the screws 3, 4. A protrusion 4a is formed, and the protrusion 4a is rotatably fitted and supported in a recess 5a provided in the extrusion die 5, whereby the screws 3 and 4 are more reliably supported.

[0007]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing the entire volume reducer, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the entire volume reducer with the charging hopper removed,
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial enlarged perspective view showing a state where the cover member is opened, and FIG. 4 is a schematic partial enlarged sectional view showing a state where the screw is supported.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two screws 3 and 4 are horizontally arranged in a casing 2 mounted on a base 1 and having an inlet 2a opened on the upper surface. . As shown in FIG.
At each end, a projecting portion 4a having a slightly smaller diameter (only the screw 4 is shown) is formed.
And is rotatably supported. The other ends of the screws 3 and 4 extend into the gear box 6 and are rotatably supported by bearings 24 and 25.
In the gear box 6, the gears 26 fixed to the screws 3 and 4 are engaged with each other (only the screw 4 is shown). In addition, a guide member 27 for dispersing and injecting waste is provided in the inlet 2a.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the end of one screw 3 extends further and is connected to the output shaft 9 of the speed reducer 8 by a coupling 7. This reduction gear 8
Is connected to a drive motor 11 via a rotation transmission mechanism 10.
Output shaft. As a result, when the drive motor 11 is driven, the rotation driving force is transmitted to the rotation transmission mechanism 1.
0, transmitted to the screw 3 via the speed reducer 8, the respective screws 3, 4 are rotated inwards in opposite directions to each other, and the waste such as plastics introduced from the introduction port 2 a by the rotational propulsion is removed. The dies are forcibly moved in the direction of the extrusion die 5 while being crushed. The drive motor 11, the rotation transmission mechanism 10, and the speed reducer 8 form a rotation drive system.

As shown in FIG. 3, a heater 12 is provided inside the extrusion die 5 so as to further heat the waste so as to sufficiently dissolve the waste. The extrusion die 5 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 13 projecting from the discharge ports 13 to discharge reduced volume solids formed by compressing waste.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a cover member 14 is supported at one end of the extrusion die 5 via a hinge mechanism, and the cover member 14 can be opened and closed. The cover member 14 is in the shape of a housing. The surface in contact with the extrusion die 5 is opened, and the lower surface is also opened to serve as a reduced-volume solid material discharge port 15. The upper surface is provided with a gas recovery port 16. Are provided with transparent windows 17, respectively.

The drive motor 1 is provided on the outer surface of the cover member 14.
8, a pair of rotating shafts 19a, 19a provided with cutting blades 19, 19, respectively, are rotatably penetrated through the cover member 14 and connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 18, respectively. The blades 19 are configured to pivot along the discharge ends of the discharge ports 13 to cut the reduced volume solid discharged from the discharge ports 13 of the extrusion die 5 into a predetermined length. The length of the reduced solids is
It is determined by the swirling speed of the cutting blades 9 and 19 and the extruding speed of the reduced volume solid, and is shorter in proportion to the rotating speed of the cutting blade 1919 and longer in proportion to the extruding speed of the reduced volume solid. Become.

As shown in FIG. 1, normally, in order to facilitate the introduction of waste into the charging port 2a, a charging hopper 20 is provided.
Is established. This charging hopper 20 also has a gas recovery port 21.
Is provided. Suction ducts 22 and 23 connected to suction blowers (not shown) are provided in the gas recovery ports 16 and 21.
And the harmful gas sucked from the gas recovery ports 16 and 21 is stored in a container (not shown).

Next, the operation of the above-described volume reducing machine will be described.
In the state shown in FIG. 1, the power of the heater 12 is turned on, and the driving motors 11 and 18 are driven. Then, waste such as plastic, which is to be processed and cut into a predetermined size or less, is put in from the input hopper 20. The input waste falls from the input port 2a between the screws 3 and 4, and is moved in the direction of the extrusion die 5 while being crushed by the screws 3 and 4 rotating so as to be wound inward. .

If hard foreign matter such as metal is mixed in the input waste, the screw 3
Although excessive load is suddenly applied to 4, each screw 3,
One end of 4 is fitted and supported in the concave portion 5a of the extrusion die 5, and the diameter of the projection 4a of this supporting portion is almost the same as that of the main body shaft portion, so that it has sufficient strength. Therefore, the screws 3 and 4 do not bend or break.

At the time of the above-mentioned movement, the waste is heated by the frictional heat at the time of crushing and the frictional heat between the screws 3 and 4 and the inner wall of the casing 2 and sequentially extrudes the die 5.
And heated by the heater 12. As described above, the waste pressurized at a high temperature becomes a semi-dissolved state and is compressed and reduced in volume.
Is discharged as a bar-shaped reduced volume solid having a thickness defined by the diameter of the discharge port 13. In addition, as the diameter of the discharge port 13 is reduced, the pressure in the casing 2 is increased and the temperature is also increased, so that a reduced volume solid matter in a more dissolved state can be obtained.

The volume-reduced solid discharged from the discharge port 13 is cut into a predetermined length by the cutting blades 19, 19, drops from the volume-reduced solid discharge port 15 of the cover member 14, and is placed in an appropriate container. Will be accommodated. Here, when the waste contains a harmful gas, most of the waste is discharged from the outlet 13 into the cover member 14 together with the above-described reduced volume solids. Therefore, when the suction blower is operated, the harmful gas in the cover member 14 is removed from the gas recovery port 16 by the suction duct 22.
It is sucked into and collected in an appropriate container. Similarly,
The harmful gas flowing out of the charging port 2a into the charging hopper 2 is sucked into the suction duct 22 from the gas recovery port 16 and collected in an appropriate container.

Further, since the cover member 14 is provided with the transparent window 17, it is possible to confirm the discharge state of the volume-reduced solid matter from the discharge port 13 and the operation state of each cutting blade 19,19.
Furthermore, since the cover member 14 can be opened and closed, the cleaning of the discharge port 13 and the cutting blades 19 after the work is completed can be easily performed.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the main body shaft portion can be extended without providing the screws 3 and 4 with a slightly small projection 4a.
The extension may be fitted and supported in the recess 5 a of the extrusion die 5. Further, the cover member 14 may not be provided. Further, the drive motor 11 of the rotary drive system and the speed reducer 8
May be directly connected in series without the rotation transmission mechanism 10 interposed therebetween.

[0020]

As is clear from the above description,
According to the invention of claim 1 of the present invention, the size of the airframe can be reduced, and hard foreign substances such as metals are mixed in the waste to be treated, and an excessive load is suddenly applied to the screw. Even if the screw does not bend or break, even if the screw is damaged, there is no effect on other members,
Damage can be minimized , and gas recovery ports
Since the cutting blade is provided on the openable and closable cover member having
The effect is that the toxic gas generated from the reduced solid content can be recovered .

According to the second aspect of the present invention,
Since the screw is supported in the extrusion die by the protruding portion, in addition to the above-described effects, an effect that more reliable support is possible is achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing the entire volume reducing machine.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the entire volume reducer in a state where a charging hopper is removed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial enlarged perspective view showing a state where a cover member is opened.

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial enlarged sectional view showing a supporting state of the screw.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Casing 2a Input port 3, 4 Screw 4a Projection 5 Extrusion die 5a Depression 6 Gear box 8 Reduction gear 10 Rotation transmission mechanism 11 Drive motor 13 Discharge port 14 Cover member 16, 21 Gas recovery port

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B29B 17/00-17/02 B09B 3/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A screw connected to a rotary drive system is rotatably arranged in a casing provided with an input port and an extrusion die, and waste such as waste plastic input from the input port is driven to rotate the screw. Moved toward the extrusion die by force, crushed, heated, compressed and reduced in volume, and in a volume reduction machine for discarded plastics etc. which discharges reduced volume solids from an outlet provided in the extrusion die, the screw The end opposite to the one end connected to the rotary drive system is rotatably fitted and supported in a concave portion provided in the extrusion die, and is provided with the extrusion die.
Open the contact surface and lower surface, and provide a gas recovery port
Open and close the cover member on the discharge port side of the extrusion die
A volume reduction machine for waste plastic, etc., which is provided freely . 2. A small-diameter projection is formed at an end opposite to one end connected to a rotation drive system of a screw, and the projection is rotatably fitted and supported in a recess provided in an extrusion die. The volume reducing machine for waste plastics according to claim 1.