JP2946088B2 - Casting production method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a casting by using a mold having at least two cracks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional casting manufacturing apparatus, a single product is manufactured by using a split mold. That is, inorganic particles are filled in the cavity of the mold while maintaining the temperature of the joined mold in a range near the upper limit of the solid solution phase temperature of the aluminum alloy, and vacuum suction is performed from one end of the cavity of the mold. While reducing the pressure in the cavity, the molten metal at the liquidus temperature of the aluminum alloy is sucked and injected from the other end of the mold into the fine gap between the particles of the inorganic particle layer in the cavity to produce a composite member having a certain size. ing.

[0003]

However, it is difficult to maintain a seal between the joining surfaces of the joined dies, and especially when the temperature of the dies is high as described above, the temperature difference from the outside air temperature is high. Due to the warpage of the mold, a gap is formed in each joint surface of the mold, making it more difficult to maintain a seal on the joint surface of the mold. For this reason, when the inside of the cavity of the joined mold is filled with the inorganic particles, and then the inside of the cavity is depressurized by vacuum suction, the decompression in the cavity is not achieved. Can not.

[0004] In order to reduce the pressure in the cavity of the mold during vacuum suction, a heat-resistant packing may be mounted on the joint surface of the mold. There is no suitable packing material that can be held, and even if an elastic metal packing material that can withstand high temperatures is used, its durability is inferior.Especially in the case of a mold that repeatedly opens and closes, if the elasticity of the metal packing material is lost, the The sealing effect of the joint surface is lost, and the effect of the packing is lost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a casting capable of sealing a joining surface of a mold without using a packing material.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a casting according to claim 1 comprises defining a cavity for producing a casting by at least a two-part mold. Discharging the air in the cavity while introducing the molten metal into the cavity, wherein one of the molten metal introduced when introducing the molten metal into the cavity is provided. The step of guiding the portion to each joint surface of the mold to seal the joint surface.

According to the method of manufacturing a casting of claim 1, when the molten metal is introduced into a cavity defined by at least a split mold, a part of the introduced molten metal is removed from the mold. Of the mold, the molten metal guided to the joint surface blocks the cavity inside the mold from the outside of the mold in a gas-tight manner, and as a result, the mold does not use a packing material. The sealing of the joint surface can be effectively achieved.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a casting manufacturing apparatus according to a second aspect is provided with a split mold configured to define a cavity and one end of the mold. An injection port for introducing molten metal into the cavity, and a discharge port provided at the other end of the mold and discharging air in the cavity, wherein the at least two A groove is provided around at least one of the joining surfaces of the cracking mold around the defining portion of the cavity and connects the inlet and the outlet.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for manufacturing a casting, which is provided around a prescribed portion of a cavity on at least one of respective joining surfaces of a split mold and introduces a molten metal into the cavity. With the groove connected to the mouth, when the molten metal is introduced into the cavity, the cavity and the groove are closed by the molten metal in the inlet when the molten metal is filled only in the inlet and does not reach the cavity. Therefore, the air existing in the cavity and the groove is reliably discharged through the exhaust port. At this time, the groove filled with the molten metal seals the cavity from the outside of the mold in an airtight manner, and as a result, effectively seals the joining surface of the mold without using a packing material. Can be.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for manufacturing a casting, wherein the at least two-part mold is configured to accommodate inorganic particles in the cavity.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the cavity is filled with the inorganic particles, the flow resistance of the molten metal is smaller in the groove than in the cavity, and the molten metal is introduced. When introduced into the mouth, the inside of the groove can be reliably filled with the molten metal prior to the cavity, and the effect of sealing the joining surface of the mold can be improved.

[0012] The apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to claim 4 is provided by claim 2.
Alternatively, in the casting manufacturing apparatus according to the third aspect, a vacuum applying unit is connected to the discharge port.

[0013] According to the casting manufacturing apparatus of the fourth aspect, a thin composite member can be manufactured.

[0014] The apparatus for producing a casting according to claim 5 is as follows.
5. The casting manufacturing apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein a heat-resistant mesh member is attached to the outlet.

According to the casting manufacturing apparatus of claim 5, the molten metal flowing in the groove can be prevented from flowing to the discharge port.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

The apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to the first embodiment comprises two split molds 1 and 2 joined by a plurality of tie rods (not shown). The molds 1 and 2 are each embedded with a U-shaped electric heater 3 having a total of nine stages, so that the molds 1 and 2 can be uniformly heated. Each heater 3 is controlled to a predetermined set temperature by a temperature sensor and a controller (not shown).

The molds 1 and 2 have a vertical length of about 480 on each joint surface 4 side.
A cavity 5 of mm × about 470 mm × 6 mm in thickness is defined. A tapered pouring port 6 is formed at an upper portion of the molds 1 and 2 as an introduction port whose cross section decreases toward the bottom over the lateral length of the cavity 5. It is connected to the lower end of the gate 6.
The dimensions of the cavity 5 are not limited to the above. The dies 1 and 2 are configured to accommodate the inorganic particles described later in the cavity 5.

A pair of ladle support members 7 are provided on the upper surface of the mold 1.
Is mounted, and the ladle 8 filled with the molten metal is rotatably supported by the ladle support member 7. By tilting the ladle 8, the molten metal in the ladle 8
Poured in.

A recess 9 as a rectangular parallelepiped outlet opening downward is formed in the lower part of the molds 1 and 2 over the length of the cavity 5 in the horizontal direction. It is connected to the.

A groove 11 is formed on the joining surface 4 of the mold 1 at about 10 mm outside both sides of the prescribed portion of the cavity 5. The groove 11 has a semicircular or rectangular cross section and a width of about 6
〜１０10 mm. The groove 11 is provided with the pouring hole 6 and the concave portion 9.
Open each. The groove 11 may be provided in the mold 2, or the groove 11 may be formed in both the molds 1 and 2.

A suction box 12 is mounted in the recess 9, and the suction box 12 is urged upward by a pneumatic cylinder (not shown) and pressed against the lower surfaces of the dies 1 and 2. The upper portion of the suction box 12 has an opening over a range including the cavity 5 and the groove 11, and a heat-resistant mesh member 13 is attached to the opening by an appropriate method. The mesh member 13 is made of heat-resistant alumina fibers having a mesh of 30 to 70 microns. A groove is provided on the upper surface of the suction box 12 so as to surround the opening, and a packing 14 is mounted in the groove.

A suction port 15 is provided at a lower portion of the suction box 12, and this suction port 15 is connected to a vacuum generating unit (not shown) as a vacuum applying means.

Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
The operation of the casting manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment will be described.

First, the molds 1 and 2 are joined as shown in FIG. 2, and the electric heater 3 holds the molds 1 and 2 at a temperature near the upper limit of the solid solution phase temperature of the aluminum alloy.
The suction box 12 is mounted in the recess 9 by a pneumatic cylinder (not shown), and the lower end opening of the cavity 5 and the lower end opening of the groove 11 are closed by the mesh member 13. Next, after the inorganic particles are introduced into the cavity 5 from the pouring port 6, the inside of the cavity 5 is depressurized by operating the vacuum generating unit.

Next, the molten metal is poured into the pouring port 6 by tilting the ladle 8 (see FIG. 3). At this time, the molten metal
When the cavity 5 and the cavity 5 do not reach the cavity 5, the top opening of the cavity 5 and the top opening of the groove 11 are closed by the molten metal in the pouring port 6, so that the air existing in the cavity 5 and the groove 11 It is sucked by the vacuum generating unit via the suction box 12. At this time, the cavity 5
Since the inside is filled with inorganic particles, the flow resistance of the molten metal is much smaller in the groove 11 than in the cavity 5, so that the groove 11 is first filled with the molten metal. The molten metal flowing in the groove 11 does not flow into the suction box 12 by the action of the mesh member 13.

The groove 11 filled with the molten metal hermetically blocks the cavity 5 from the outside of the dies 1 and 2, and effectively seals the joint surface 4 of the dies 1 and 2. As a result, the vacuum in the cavity 5 is maintained, and the molten metal in the pouring port 6 is reliably injected into the fine gap between the particles of the inorganic particle layer in the cavity 5. Thereafter, the set temperature of the molds 1 and 2 is changed to a range near the lower limit of the solid solution phase temperature of the aluminum alloy, and the molten metal injected into the fine gaps between the particles of the inorganic particle layer in the cavity 5 is solidified. Then
The suction box 12 is removed from the recess 9 by operating the pneumatic cylinder, the molds 1 and 2 are opened, and the solidified composite member is released from the cavity 5 and taken out.

In the first embodiment, after the inorganic particles are introduced into the cavities 5 in the molds 1 and 2,
Although the molten metal is injected into the cavity 5 through the hole 5, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained by introducing the molten metal into the cavity 5 through the pouring port 6 without introducing the inorganic particles into the cavity 5. Can be obtained. In this case, the spout 6
The molten metal poured into the pouring port 5 has a cavity 5
First, it is formed so as to flow into the groove 11. That is, the pouring port 6 is provided at a depth of at least 30 mm deeper than the vicinity of the cavity 5 in the vicinity of the two grooves 11 to provide a groove pouring port, and the pouring port of the ladle 8 is branched into two to melt into the groove pouring port. Pour the metal. Thus, the molten metal poured into the groove pouring port first fills the groove 11, and then the molten metal overflowing the groove pouring port flows into the cavity 5.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of an apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line C-C, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line D-D in FIG.

An apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to the second embodiment comprises split molds 21 and 22 joined by a plurality of tie rods (not shown). A total of nine stages of electric heaters 23 are embedded in the molds 21 and 22, and temperature sensors 37 are individually embedded near the heaters 23. The temperature sensor 37 is connected to a controller (not shown). With such a configuration, the mold 2
1 and 22 can be uniformly heated to a predetermined set temperature.

The molds 21 and 22 define a cavity 25 having a length of about 600 mm × width of about 600 mm × thickness of 6 mm on each joint surface 24 side. A tapered pouring port 26 is formed at an upper portion of the molds 21 and 22 as an introduction port whose cross section decreases downwardly over a length corresponding to a lateral direction of the cavity 25. The upper end is connected to the lower end of the pouring port 26. The cavity 25
Is not limited to the above. In addition, the dies 21 and 22 are configured to accommodate inorganic particles described later in the cavity 25.

A pair of ladle support members 27 is mounted on the upper surface of the mold 21, and a ladle 28 filled with molten metal is rotatably supported by the ladle support member 27. By tilting the ladle 28, the molten metal in the ladle 28 is poured into the lubrication port 26. A cavity 25 is opened on the lower surfaces of the dies 21 and 22 to form a discharge port 29.

The bonding surface 24 of the mold 21 has a cavity 2
A groove 31 is formed at about 10 mm outside both sides of the prescribed portion of No. 5. The groove 31 has a semicircular or rectangular cross section and a width of about 6 to 10 mm. Further, the groove 31 is opened on the lower surface of the pouring port 26 and the mold 21. The groove 31 is provided in the mold 22.
The groove 31 may be formed in both the molds 21 and 22.

A suction box 32 is mounted on the lower surfaces of the molds 21 and 22 via a mesh member 33 made of a fibrous material having heat resistance and air permeability, and the suction box 32 is attached upward by a pneumatic cylinder (not shown). Forced mold 2
It is pressed against the lower surfaces of 1,2. The mesh member 33 is made of a heat-resistant alumina fiber having a mesh of 30 to 70 microns.

The suction box 32 is in the shape of a hollow rectangular parallelepiped. On the top surface of the suction box 32, ten cylindrical ventilation holes are arranged in a row so as to face the region including the cavity 25 and the groove 31. And an iron vent bush 34 is inserted into each of the ventilation holes. The vent bush 34 has a cylindrical cup shape that opens downward, and 5 to 6 parallel slits are formed on the bottom surface of the vent bush 34 (FIGS. 5 and 6).
In which a single hole 36 is shown).

A suction port 35 is provided at a lower portion of the suction box 32, and the suction port 35 is connected to a vacuum generating unit (not shown) as a vacuum applying means.

Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
The operation of the casting manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment will be described.

First, the molds 21 and 22 are joined as shown in FIG. 5, and the electric heater 23 keeps the molds 21 and 22 at a temperature near the upper limit of the solid solution phase temperature of the aluminum alloy. The suction box 32 is mounted on the lower surfaces of the dies 21 and 22 via a mesh member 33 by a pneumatic cylinder (not shown), and the lower end opening of the cavity 25 and the lower end opening of the groove 31 are closed by the mesh member 33. Next, after introducing the inorganic particles into the cavity 25 from the pouring port 26,
The inside of the cavity 25 is depressurized by operating the vacuum generating unit.

Subsequently, the molten metal is poured into the pouring port 26 by tilting the ladle 28 (see FIG. 6). At this time, in a state where the molten metal is only filled in the pouring port 26 and does not reach the cavity 25, the upper end opening of the cavity 25 and the upper end opening of the groove 31 are closed by the molten metal in the pouring port 26, so that the cavity 25 is closed. The air existing in the groove 31 is sucked into the vacuum generating unit through the suction box 32. At this time, since the cavity 25 is filled with the inorganic particles, the flow path resistance of the molten metal is considerably smaller in the groove 31 than in the cavity 25. Therefore, the groove 31 is first filled with the molten metal. The molten metal that has flowed in the groove 31 does not flow into the suction box 32 due to the action of the mesh member 33.

The groove 31 filled with molten metal blocks the cavity 25 from the outside of the molds 21 and 22 in an airtight manner.
The sealing of the joining surface 24 of the molds 21 and 22 is effectively achieved. As a result, the vacuum in the cavity 25 is maintained, and the molten metal in the pouring port 26 is reliably injected into the fine gap between the particles of the inorganic particle layer in the cavity 25. Thereafter, the set temperature of the molds 21 and 22 is changed to a range near the lower limit of the solid solution phase temperature of the aluminum alloy, and the molten metal injected into the fine gaps between the particles of the inorganic particle layer in the cavity 25 is solidified. Then, the suction box 32 is removed from the lower surfaces of the molds 21 and 22 by operating the pneumatic cylinder, the molds 21 and 22 are opened, and the solidified composite member is released from the cavity 25 and taken out.

In the second embodiment, the dies 21 and
Although the molten metal is injected into the cavity 25 through the pouring port 26 after the inorganic particles are introduced into the second cavity 25, the molten metal is injected into the cavity 25 through the pouring port 26 without introducing the inorganic particles into the cavity 25. Even if a molten metal is introduced, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In this case, the shape and the like of the pouring port 26 are formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

In the first and second embodiments, the vacuum casting unit is connected to the suction ports 15 and 35 of the suction boxes 12 and 32 to reduce the pressure in the cavities 5 and 25. Alternatively, a low pressure casting method may be used in which a positive pressure is applied to the cavities 5 and 25 through the pouring ports 6 and 26, and the molten metal is pressure-filled into the cavities 5 and 25 in the mold by a differential pressure of atmospheric pressure.

In the first and second embodiments,
Molten metals include copper, aluminum, magnesium, and their alloys.

In the first and second embodiments,
The inorganic particles include glassy porous particles (G-lite-trade name-), porous particles composed of volcanic glassy deposits (Shirasu balloon-trade name-), and ceramic porous particles (cerabies-trade name-). And so on.

G light is produced by pulverizing glass, heating and melting it to form a foam, and then sizing the glass. The vitreous particles have a thermal conductivity of 0.06 Kcal / m ·
h / ° C., which is smaller than silica sand, and the specific heat is 0.3 to 0.41
cal / g · ° C., the particle size is 0.5 to 1 mm, and the specific gravity is 0.3 to 0.5, which is lighter than silica sand. Further, the present G light has a sufficient fire resistance as a composite material with a non-ferrous metal. Further, G is used as the inorganic particles.
If lights are used, glass waste can be recycled.

The above-mentioned shirasu balloon is manufactured by rapidly heating and softening shirasu (volcanic vitreous sediment), foaming it by the evaporative power of crystallization water, and then sizing.
Shirasu balloon has a thermal conductivity of 0.05 to 0.09 Kc.
al / m · h · ° C, which is smaller than silica sand, and the specific heat is 0.2
Large, 4 cal / g · ° C., particle size: 0.3 to 0.8 m
m.

The shirasu balloon has a specific gravity of 0.07 to
0.2 and lighter than silica sand and G-light.

[0049]

According to the method of manufacturing a casting according to claim 1,
When the molten metal is introduced into the cavity defined by at least the split mold, a part of the introduced molten metal is guided to the joining portion of the mold, so that the molten The metal hermetically seals the cavity in the mold from the outside of the mold, so that the sealing of the joining surface of the mold can be effectively achieved without using a packing material.

According to the casting manufacturing apparatus of the second aspect, at least one of the joining surfaces of the two-piece mold is provided around the prescribed portion of the cavity, and the molten metal is introduced into the cavity. When the molten metal is introduced into the cavity, when the molten metal is filled only in the inlet and does not reach the cavity, the cavity and the groove are filled with the molten metal in the inlet. Being closed, the air present in the cavities and grooves is reliably exhausted through the exhaust. At this time, the groove filled with the molten metal blocks the cavity from the outside of the mold in a gas-tight manner, so that the sealing of the joining surface of the mold can be effectively achieved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the cavity is filled with the inorganic particles, the flow resistance of the molten metal is considerably smaller in the groove than in the cavity. When the gas is introduced into the inlet, the groove can be reliably filled with the molten metal prior to the cavity.

According to the casting manufacturing apparatus of the fourth aspect, a thin composite member can be manufactured.

According to the casting manufacturing apparatus of claim 5, the molten metal flowing in the groove can be prevented from flowing to the discharge port.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a casting manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a casting manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 6;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,2,21,22 Mold 3,23 Electric heater 4,24 Joining surface 5,25 Cavity 6,26 Pouring port 8,28 Ladder 11,31 Groove 12,32 Suction box 13,33 Mesh member 15,35 Suction port 34 Vent bush

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shoichi Makimoto 3-6-8 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Inside Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A 9-122886 (JP, A) (58) Surveyed field (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B22D 18/06 B22D 19/14

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casting method comprising: defining a cavity for producing a casting with at least a two-part mold; and discharging air from the cavity while introducing molten metal into the cavity. A method of manufacturing a product, the method including a step of, when introducing the molten metal into the cavity, guiding a part of the introduced molten metal to each bonding surface of the mold to seal the bonding surface. A method for producing a casting. 2. A mold having at least two split molds configured to define a cavity, an introduction port provided at one end of the mold and introducing molten metal into the cavity, and the mold. And a discharge port for discharging air in the cavity, wherein the defining portion of the cavity is provided on at least one of the joining surfaces of the at least two split molds. And a groove connected to the inlet and the outlet, the groove being provided around the periphery of the casting. 3. The apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to claim 2, wherein the at least two split molds are configured to accommodate inorganic particles in the cavity. 4. The apparatus for producing a casting according to claim 2, wherein a vacuum applying means is connected to the discharge port. 5. The apparatus for manufacturing a casting according to claim 2, wherein a heat-resistant mesh member is attached to the outlet.