JP2941655B2 - Depalletizer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a depalletizer for sorting products by destination in a food distribution center or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in the logistics industry, the variety of products handled and the number of products to be processed have been reduced by one step. With this, a fully automatic picking system has been developed which sorts these products efficiently (one step) by shipping destination. Demand is increasing. FIG. 5 shows an example of the picking system. In FIG. 5, a is a packaged product shipped from a product warehouse (not shown), is placed on the pallet 6 in a plurality of rows and a plurality of stages, is sent to the depalletizer A by the feed conveyors 4 and 5, and is sent to the depalletizer A. In A, the packing product a is lifted by the lifting device 2 together with the pallet 6, cut out in order from the top by the picking roller 1, placed on the picking roller 1, sent out, and delivered to the unloading roller conveyor 3. Is done.

[0003] Thereafter, the packaged product a is transferred to the roller conveyor 3.
And sent to a depalletizer (not shown) via the unloading conveyor 7 and loaded into a delivery vehicle (not shown) for each shipping destination together with the products sorted and sent by another line,
Will be delivered. FIG. 6 shows a picking situation by a conventional picking roller. A plurality of rollers 1'c are connected in a horizontal state, and the leading roller of the picking roller 1 'which is configured to rotate in conjunction with each other is used. by pressing the bottom front of the uppermost product placed in multiple stages on the pallet 6, column a ₁ ~a ₄ product is pushed up on the roller 1 'in turn, is fed in the direction of the arrow , And are delivered to and carried out from the unloading roller conveyor 3 to be connected.

[0004]

The conventional depalletizer (picking roller) shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has the following problems. That is, as described above, recently, a wide variety of products are handled, and there are many types of packages such as plastic cases, carton cases, and half shrinks, and the sizes thereof are wide-ranging.

[0005] However, the conventional depalletizer (picking roller) generally has a structure intended only for a specific product. Therefore, picking cannot be performed on products having different types and dimensions, or the picking efficiency is very poor.
In such a case, a plurality of dedicated picking rollers are required, which increases equipment costs, increases installation space,
There was a problem that operation efficiency was poor.

[0006] Further, since there is no function of adjusting the pressing force of the picking roller against the product, the pressing force is insufficient depending on the type of the product, and the product cannot be pushed up onto the roller, or the pressing force becomes excessive. There is a possibility that troubles such as damage to the product may occur. To prevent this, a stopper 8 'for adjusting the pressing force using an expensive fluid pressure cylinder or the like is required as shown in FIG.
When the stopper 8 'is used, the picking position of the product changes every time according to the pressing force, and the operation efficiency is reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a depalletizer that can handle a wide range of products having different types and sizes with one depalletizer. It is in.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a depalletizer according to the present invention is provided with a lifting device for lifting products placed on a pallet in a plurality of stages , and a depalletizer installed in a series of horizontal states. And a plurality of rollers which are rotated and driven in synchronization with each other <br/> a picking which pushes up and cuts out the uppermost product one by one by the leading roller among the rollers, and then conveys it by the subsequent rollers. Roller and the same
Move the King roller in the forward / backward direction to
A forward and backward driving mechanism for pressing the product, and a roller conveyor for conveying to the outside receive the product that has been transported is cut out by the Pikkin <br/> Gurora, the top roller
The pressing force against the product is determined by the amount of movement of the picking roller.
And a pressing force adjusting mechanism that changes the pressing force adjusting mechanism in accordance with the pressing force adjusting mechanism .
Roller is independent of the other rollers.
It is supported so that it can move in the forward and backward directions of
The spring element for urging force adjustment
And features.

In the depalletizer, the pressing force adjusting mechanism includes a V-shaped link rotatable about a lower portion and a V-shaped link.
The leading roller and the next roller of the picking roller rotatably mounted on the top of the letter-shaped link, the rotation drive system of the leading roller and the next roller, and the pressing force interposed between the leading roller and the next roller An adjusting spring element may be used.

[0010]

The depalletizer of the present invention is configured as described above. After the rows of products placed on a pallet in a plurality of stages are raised to a predetermined height by an elevating device, the picking roller is advanced toward the products. And turn it in the direction to push up the product.
The leading roller to be rolled is pressed against the product, cut out one by one, pushed up on the same picking roller, transported, delivered to the roller conveyor and carried out. At this time, the top roller is
It is supported so that it can move in the forward and backward directions of the docking roller.
And the spring element for adjusting the pressing force
The top roller is pressed against the product.
The pressing force adjusting spring element is compressed against the urging force.
The pressing force of the top roller against the product is the picking roller
Increases in proportion to the amount of deformation of the spring element accompanying the forward movement of the spring.
And, there is a large pressing force of the leading roller against the product.
Is reached, the friction between the top roller and the product
The product is pushed up on the picking roller. That is,
With the advance of the packing roller, the product of the leading roller is
The pressing force gradually increases to a suitable size.
Since the product is pushed up by the filter, excessive pressing force
It can prevent troubles such as injury due to joining. Ma
The pressing force adjustment mechanism is a V-shape that can rotate around the lower part.
Rotatably attached to the top of the V-shaped link
The first and second rollers of the picking roller
The rotation drive system of the head roller and the next roller, and the leading roller
Needs the spring for adjusting the pressing force interposed between the next roller
With a simple structure, the pressing force can be adjusted with a simple structure.
Therefore, equipment costs can be reduced.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a depalletizer of the present invention will be described with reference to one embodiment shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a mechanism of a picking roller of a depalletizer of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view along the line BB in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a picking action, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a picking situation. In these figures, FIG. 5 and FIG.
Are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The depalletizer of the present invention has an elevating device 2, a picking roller 1, and an unloading roller conveyor 3, of which the elevating device 2 and the unloading roller conveyor 3 are provided.
Has the same structure as the conventional one, and a detailed description of these parts is omitted.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of the picking roller 1 of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown, the main frame 1
At 0, a number of rollers 1c are arranged in a horizontal body and connected by a drive cable 20a such as a chain.
(A motor or the like is used as the driving device, but is not shown here.) The leading roller 1a and the next roller 1b are attached to the tops of a pair of left and right V-shaped links 10a and 10b. V-shaped links 10a, 10b
Is rotatable about the rod 13 and the top roller 1
a and the next roller 1b are connected via a frame 17, but the next roller 1b is
The frame 17 is rotatably supported, and the frame 17 is
The top roller is slidably supported along
1a is an arrangement direction of the guide groove 17a together with the frame 17.
It is movable along.

A slider 21 is erected on the top of one of the V-shaped links 10b, and a support bar 22 is erected on the frame 17 on the side of the link 10a, between the slider 21 and the support bar 22. A spring (a pressing force adjusting spring element) 18 is interposed via a guide rod 19. Thus V-shaped link 10b is rotated about the rod 13, the next top rollers 1a along the guide groove 17a
When the slider 21 moves to the position roller 1b side, the slider 21 moves along the guide rod 19 in conjunction with the movement, whereby the spring 18 is compressed and a spring force (pressing force = described later) is generated.

On the other hand, chains 11b and 11a are suspended between the next roller 1b and the rod 13 and between the rod 13 and the leading roller 1a, respectively. The first roller 1a and the next roller 1b rotate. The roller 1c and the next roller 1b on the V-shaped link side are connected by a connecting cable 20a, and the roller 1c, the next roller 1b, and the leading roller 1a rotate at the same peripheral speed.

The leading roller 1a of the picking roller 1
The next roller 1b and the other roller 1c are
The picking roller 1 is supported by a track 15 provided at a picking height position via the picking roller 1 (see FIG. 2). The picking roller 1 is moved forward along the track 15 by a forward / backward drive mechanism (not shown) and packed. The picking operation is performed on the product a, and when the picking of that stage is completed, the picking operation is retracted to the original position.

Next, the picking operation of the depalletizer of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In FIG.
Assuming that the peripheral speed of the leading roller 1a on the V-shaped ring side is V ₁ and the forward speed of the picking roller 1 is V ₂ , the leading roller 1a
a movement distance of the next order roller 1b of t ₀ hours after contact with the front surface of the packaging product a, i.e., the amount of compression of the spring 18 is _{X 2 = V 2 · t 0} , a spring occurring at this time The force is the pressing force P of the leading roller 1a against the packaged product a.
(P = X ₂ · K (K: spring constant of spring 18)).

The leading roller 1 generated by the pressing force P
a and the frictional force between the front surface of the packaged product a and F = P · α (α:
The packing product a is pushed up by the mass coefficient of the mass surface). Therefore, a spring 18 having an appropriate spring constant K is used in consideration of the weight of the packaged product a and the state of the friction surface, and the distance from the bottom surface of the contact point m between the leading roller 1a and the packaged product a is X _1. = by determining the circumferential speed V ₁ of the first roller 1a so as to be V ₁ · t _0, packaging products a is efficiently pushed up been properly frictional force F.

For example, if X ₁ = D / 2 (D: the diameter of the roller 1a), X ₁ = X _{2, that} is, the peripheral speed V ₁ of the leading roller 1a is made equal to the forward speed V ₂ of the picking roller 1. do it. Next, a procedure of picking a product by the depalletizer will be described with reference to FIG.

When a plurality of rows of packing products a, which are shipped from a product warehouse or the like and are placed on the pallet 6 in a plurality of rows and a plurality of stages, are sent to the elevating device 2 by the feed conveyors 4 and 5, the elevating device 2 As a result, the uppermost one is raised to the picking height. Next, the forward / backward drive mechanism is driven,
The picking roller 1 advances along the track 15, and the leading roller, that is, the leading roller 1a installed on the V-shaped link
There First uppermost, in contact with the packing product a ₁ of the front row, when pressed by a predetermined pressing force, packaging products a ₁ is pushed up, being fed is placed on the picking roller 1, the following out It is delivered on the roller conveyor 3.

When the products a _{1 to} a _{4 at the} uppermost stage are cut out one after another and sent out, the picking roller 1 is moved backward to the original position by the forward / backward drive mechanism. Then, stage of packaging products a ₅ ~a ₈ is raised to the picking position by the lifting device 2. Thereafter, all the products on the pallet 6 are cut out one by one with respect to the products in each stage in the same procedure as described above, and delivered to the carry-out roller conveyor 3. Thereafter, the packaged product a is carried out to the outside by the roller conveyor 3, and is loaded into a delivery vehicle or the like for each shipping destination together with another packaged product sorted by another line and delivered. On the other hand, the pallet 6 after the picking is completed is separately collected.

At the time of the picking, each step of the product is restrained from behind by a highly rigid stopper 8 so as not to move under the pressing force, and each product is provided with a predetermined pressing force (friction) at a predetermined picking position. Force) to pick safely and efficiently. By appropriately adjusting the pressing force according to the product, it is possible to handle not only one type of product but also a wide variety of products of various types and different dimensions.

[0022]

The depalletizer of the present invention picks up products sent in a plurality of stages as described above, cuts out the products one by one, and carries them out. In that case, the top roller is picking
The roller is supported so that it can move in the forward and backward directions.
Urged in the forward direction by the pressing force adjustment spring element
When the top roller is pressed against the product, the pressing force
Is proportional to the amount of deformation of the spring element due to the advance of the picking roller.
For example, it becomes big. And for the top roller product
When the pressing force reaches a certain level, the leading roller and the product
The product is pushed up on the picking roller by the frictional force between
Can be That is, according to the depalletizer of the present invention,
With the advance of the King Roller,
When the pressing force gradually increases to a suitable size
As the product is pushed up, excessive pressing force is applied to the product.
Troubles such as adding and damaging can be prevented. Also,
The pressing force adjustment mechanism is a V-shaped
And a pin rotatably mounted on the top of the V-shaped link.
The first and second rollers of the locking roller and the first roller
Roller drive system for roller and next roller, first roller and next roller
A spring element for adjusting the pressing force interposed between the roller and the roller;
With this configuration, the pressing force can be adjusted with a simple structure.
Therefore, equipment costs can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of a depalletizer of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the depalletizer.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a picking situation of the depalletizer.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the entirety of a conventional depalletizer.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a conventional depalletizer (picking roller).

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Picking roller 1a Leading roller 1b Next roller 1c Other rollers 2 Lifting device 3 Unloading roller conveyor 4, 5 Feeding conveyor 6 Pallet 8 Stopper 10a, 10b V-shaped link 11a, 11b Chain 15 Track 17 Frame 18 Spring element (spring) ) 20 drive cord _{a, a 1, a 2,} a 3 product A Deparetaiza

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tsuneya Tanaka 4-6-22 Kannonshinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hiroshima Works (72) Inventor Katsumi Matsuda 4-6-kannonshinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima No. 22 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hiroshima Works (56) References JP-A-4-251032 (JP, A) JP-A-4-303331 (JP, A) JP-A-6-45941 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B65G 59/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An apparatus for raising and lowering a product placed on a pallet in a plurality of stages, and a plurality of rollers installed in a horizontal state in a series and rotated in synchronization with each other. Of the top product by the top roller
The picking roller is transported by each subsequent roller, and the picking roller is moved forward.
Move in the forward / backward direction and press the leading roller against the product
A forward / backward drive mechanism, a roller conveyor for receiving the product cut and conveyed by the picking roller and conveying the product to the outside, and pressing the leading roller against the product
The picking roller according to the amount of movement of the picking roller.
In the depalletizer having a pressing force adjusting mechanism, the pressing force adjusting mechanism may be configured such that the leading roller has the other rollers.
Forward and backward directions of the picking roller independently of
Needs a spring for adjusting the pressing force supported movably on the
A depalletizer characterized by being biased in the forward direction by an element. Wherein said pressing force adjustment mechanism includes a V-shaped link rotatable around a lower, rotating on top of the V-shaped link
The first roller and the next roller of the picking roller rotatably mounted, the rotation drive system of the first roller and the next roller, and the pressing interposed between the first roller and the next roller.
Characterized by a spring force adjusting spring element
The depalletizer according to claim 1, wherein