JP2934660B2 - Method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile - Google Patents

Method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile

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Publication number
JP2934660B2
JP2934660B2 JP5107990A JP5107990A JP2934660B2 JP 2934660 B2 JP2934660 B2 JP 2934660B2 JP 5107990 A JP5107990 A JP 5107990A JP 5107990 A JP5107990 A JP 5107990A JP 2934660 B2 JP2934660 B2 JP 2934660B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reaction
metafluorobenzonitrile
producing
solvent
except
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP5107990A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH03255060A (en
Inventor
裕 鈴木
芳一 木村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHARA KEMIKARU KOGYO KK
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IHARA KEMIKARU KOGYO KK
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Application filed by IHARA KEMIKARU KOGYO KK filed Critical IHARA KEMIKARU KOGYO KK
Priority to JP5107990A priority Critical patent/JP2934660B2/en
Publication of JPH03255060A publication Critical patent/JPH03255060A/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (発明の目的) 本発明は一般式 (式中、Yはフッ素原子または水素原子を示す。但し、
4−フルオロの場合を除く。)で表わされるメタフルオ
ロベンゾニトリル類の工業的な製造法に関するものであ
る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Object of the Invention) (Wherein, Y represents a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom, provided that
Except for 4-fluoro. The present invention relates to an industrial method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile represented by the formula (1).

(産業上の利用分野) 本発明で得られるメタフルオロベンゾニトリル類は、
農薬、医薬あるいは液晶物質の重要な合成中間体として
使用されるものである。
(Industrial application field) The metafluorobenzonitrile obtained in the present invention is:
It is used as an important synthetic intermediate for pesticides, drugs or liquid crystal substances.

(従来の技術) 極性溶媒中でベンゾニトリル類のオルソ位あるいはパ
ラ位のハロゲン原子をフッ素原子に交換する方法は古く
から知られており、一般的には硫黄や窒素を含む極性溶
媒が良く用いられている。
(Prior art) A method of exchanging a halogen atom at the ortho or para position of a benzonitrile with a fluorine atom in a polar solvent has been known for a long time. Generally, a polar solvent containing sulfur or nitrogen is often used. Have been.

例えば、石川延男,化学の領域,37巻,8頁(1983年)
において、2,6−ジクロロベンゾニトリルとスプレー乾
燥フッ化カリウムをジメチルスルホキシド中、190℃で
反応し2,6−ジフルオロベンゾニトリルを70%の収率で
得る方法が記載されている。また、特開昭58−35161号
公報において、1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリジン−2−オ
ン溶媒中、2,6−ジクロロベンゾニトリルとフッ化カリ
ウムを180℃で反応して、収率70%で2,6−ジフルオロベ
ンゾニトリルを得る方法が記載されている。これらの方
法は、交換される塩素原子のオルソ位またはパラ位に強
力な電子吸引性基の存在が必要とされ、メタ位のように
活性化されていない場合は、交換は困難とされている。
また、電子吸引性基に対してメタ位のハロゲンを交換す
る方法として特開昭63−203636号公報において、スルホ
ラン溶媒中でピリジニウム化合物触媒を用い、メタクロ
ロベンゾニトリルから収率31%でメタフルオロベンゾニ
トリルを得る方法が記載されている。しかしながら触媒
を使用し、収率も低く工業的にはいまだ十分なものでは
なかった。
For example, Nobuo Ishikawa, Chemistry, 37, 8 (1983)
Describes a method of reacting 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile with spray-dried potassium fluoride in dimethylsulfoxide at 190 ° C. to obtain 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile in a yield of 70%. Also, in JP-A-58-35161, 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile and potassium fluoride are reacted at 180 ° C. in a 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one solvent to give a 70% yield. A method for obtaining 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile is described. These methods require the presence of a strong electron-withdrawing group at the ortho or para position of the chlorine atom to be exchanged, and are considered difficult to exchange when not activated, such as at the meta position. .
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-203636 discloses a method for exchanging a halogen at the meta position with respect to an electron-withdrawing group. Methods for obtaining benzonitrile are described. However, a catalyst was used, the yield was low, and it was not yet industrially sufficient.

(発明が解決しようとする課題) 本発明は、従来の問題点を解決し、しかも反応性の乏
しいメタ位の塩素原子を含むメタクロロベンゾニトリル
類をハロゲン交換し、メタフルオロベンゾニトリル類を
製造する事にある。なかでも特に、モノまたはジ置換し
たメタフルオロベンゾニトリル類の工業的な製造法を提
供するものである。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the conventional problems and produces metafluorobenzonitrile by halogen-exchanging metachlorobenzonitrile containing a poorly reactive meta-chlorine atom. To do. In particular, the present invention provides an industrial method for producing mono- or di-substituted metafluorobenzonitrile.

(課題を解決するための手段) 本発明者らは、クロロベンゾニトリル類のメタ位の塩
素原子をアルカリ金属フッ化物でハロゲン交換し、フル
オロベンゾニトリル類を製造する方法について鋭意検討
したところ、極性溶媒のうち1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾ
リジン−2−オンのみがオートクレーブを使用した高温
反応でベンゾニトリル類のメタ位のハロゲンをフッ素交
換できることを見いだし本発明を完成した。
(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a method for producing fluorobenzonitrile by halogen-exchanging the meta-position chlorine atom of chlorobenzonitrile with an alkali metal fluoride. The inventors have found that only 1,3-dialkylimidazolidin-2-one among the solvents can exchange fluorine at the meta-position of benzonitrile by a high-temperature reaction using an autoclave, thereby completing the present invention.

即ち本発明は、1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾリジン−2
−オン溶媒の存在下、一般式 (式中、Xはハロゲン原子または水素原子を示す。但
し、4−フルオロ又は4−クロロの場合を除く。)で表
わされるメタンクロロベンゾニトリル類とアルカリ金属
フッ化物を、オートクレーブ中で反応させることを特徴
とする、一般式 (式中、Yはフッ素原子または水素原子を示す。但し、
4−フルオロの場合を除く。)で表わされるメタフルオ
ロベンゾニトリル類の製造方法である。
That is, the present invention relates to 1,3-dialkylimidazolidine-2
In the presence of -one solvent (In the formula, X represents a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom, except for the case of 4-fluoro or 4-chloro), and reacting an alkali metal fluoride with a methanechlorobenzonitrile represented by the formula: General formula (Wherein, Y represents a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom, provided that
Except for 4-fluoro. This is a method for producing the metafluorobenzonitrile represented by the formula (1).

本発明において、原料のメタクロロベンゾニトリル類
〔一般式(II)〕としては、例えば3−クロロベンゾニ
トリル、3,5−ジクロロベンゾニトリル等である。ま
た、溶媒の1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾリジン−2−オン
としては、例えば1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリジン−2−
オン(DMI)、1,3−ジエチルイミダゾリジン−2−オン
(DEI)等である。さらにアルカリ金属フッ化物として
は、フッ化ナトリウム、フッ化カリウム、フッ化セシウ
ムまたはそれらの混合物であり、そのアルカリ金属フッ
化物としては、微粒子状のものなら使用して差し支えな
い。例えば、スプレイドライ、フリーズドライ、粉砕そ
の他工業的に製造可能な微粒子状のものなら使用して差
し支えない。その使用量は置換されるハロゲン原子に対
して0.5〜10当量、好ましくは1〜3当量用いる。反応
温度は、1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾリジン−2−オンの
沸点以上、好ましくは260〜350℃の範囲内で実施され
る。また反応は、溶媒の沸点以上で実施されるためオー
トクレーブが常用されるが、反応はとくに加圧する事な
く、自然発生圧力下で実施され、通常数〜10Kg/cm2程度
である。
In the present invention, examples of the raw material metachlorobenzonitrile [general formula (II)] include 3-chlorobenzonitrile and 3,5-dichlorobenzonitrile. Examples of the solvent 1,3-dialkylimidazolidin-2-one include, for example, 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one.
On (DMI), 1,3-diethylimidazolidin-2-one (DEI) and the like. Further, as the alkali metal fluoride, sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, cesium fluoride or a mixture thereof is used. As the alkali metal fluoride, fine particles may be used. For example, spray-drying, freeze-drying, pulverization, or any other fine particles that can be industrially produced may be used. The used amount is 0.5 to 10 equivalents, preferably 1 to 3 equivalents to the halogen atom to be substituted. The reaction is carried out at a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point of 1,3-dialkylimidazolidin-2-one, preferably in the range of 260 to 350 ° C. The reaction is autoclave to be carried out at the boiling point of the solvent or higher are commonly used, the reaction without applying particular pressure, is carried out under autogenous pressure, which is typically a few to 10 kg / cm 2 approximately.

(発明の効果) 本発明は、メタクロロベンゾニトリル類〔一般式(I
I)〕とアルカリ金属フッ化物を反応させ、メタフルオ
ロベンゾニトリル類を製造する方法において、溶媒とし
て1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾリジン−2−オンを使用
し、オートクレーブ中で反応させることにより、反応性
の乏しいメタクロロベンゾニトリル類の塩素原子が容易
にフッ素原子に置換され、メタフルオロベンゾニトリル
類が収率良く製造できるようになったものである。しか
も、本発明のオートクレーブを用いた高温反応におい
て、極性溶媒の中で特に1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾリジ
ン−2−オンのみが分解せず反応に使用できることは、
まったく予期しないことである。従って本発明の方法
は、〔一般式(I)〕で表されるメタフルオロベンゾニ
トリル類の有用な製造法である。
(Effects of the Invention) The present invention relates to metachlorobenzonitrile [the general formula (I)
I)] with an alkali metal fluoride to produce metafluorobenzonitrile, using 1,3-dialkylimidazolidin-2-one as a solvent and reacting in an autoclave, In this method, the chlorine atom of metachlorobenzonitrile, which is poor, is easily replaced by a fluorine atom, so that metafluorobenzonitrile can be produced with high yield. Moreover, in the high-temperature reaction using the autoclave of the present invention, in particular, only 1,3-dialkylimidazolidin-2-one in a polar solvent can be used for the reaction without decomposition,
That is completely unexpected. Therefore, the method of the present invention is a useful method for producing the metafluorobenzonitrile represented by the general formula (I).

実施例 以下実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples.

実施例1 (メタフルオロベンゾニトリルの製造方法) 300mlハステロイ製オートクレーブに、スプレー乾燥
フッ化カリウム(リーデル社製)13.1g(0.225モル)、
モレキュラーシーブ4Aで一夜脱水した1,3−ジメチルイ
ミダゾリジン−2−オン(DMI)150ml、3−クロロベン
ゾニトリル20.6g(0.15モル)を入れ、290℃で8時間撹
拌した。反応後、固形物を濾別し減圧蒸留を行なった。
沸点83℃/20mmHgの3−フルオロベンゾニトリルを12.7g
(収率70%)得た。;GC−MS:121(M+) また、原料のメタクロロベンゾニトリルを2.2g(11
%)と脱ハロゲン化物であるベンゾニトリルを1.4g(9
%)回収した。
Example 1 (Method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile) 13.1 g (0.225 mol) of spray-dried potassium fluoride (manufactured by Riedel) was placed in a 300 ml Hastelloy autoclave.
150 ml of 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one (DMI) dehydrated overnight with molecular sieve 4A and 20.6 g (0.15 mol) of 3-chlorobenzonitrile were added and stirred at 290 ° C. for 8 hours. After the reaction, the solid was filtered off and distilled under reduced pressure.
12.7 g of 3-fluorobenzonitrile having a boiling point of 83 ° C / 20 mmHg
(70% yield). GC-MS: 121 (M + ) In addition, 2.2 g (11
%) And 1.4 g of dehalogenated benzonitrile (9%).
%) Collected.

参考例1 (3,4−ジフルオロベンゾニトリルの製造方法) 300mlハステロイ製オートクレーブに、スプレー乾燥
フッ化カリウム(リーデル社製)26.1g(0.45モル)、
脱水DMI150ml、3,4−ジクロロベンゾニトリル25.8g(0.
15モル)を入れ、290℃で4時間撹拌した。反応後、固
形物を濾別し、減圧蒸留を行なった。
Reference Example 1 (Method for producing 3,4-difluorobenzonitrile) Spray-dried potassium fluoride (manufactured by Riedel) 26.1 g (0.45 mol) was placed in a 300 ml Hastelloy autoclave.
150 ml of dehydrated DMI, 25.8 g of 3,4-dichlorobenzonitrile (0.
15 mol) and stirred at 290 ° C. for 4 hours. After the reaction, the solid was filtered off and distilled under reduced pressure.

沸点95℃/45mmHgの3,4−ジフルオロベンゾニトリルを
13.4g(収率64%)得た。m.p.51〜52℃;IR(KBr):2225
cm-1:GC−MS:139(M+) 参考例2 反応温度260℃で8時間反応した以外は、実施例2と
同様に行った。その結果、3,4−ジフルオロベンゾニト
リルを43%、4−フルオロ−3−クロロベンゾニトリル
を21%得た。
3,4-difluorobenzonitrile with a boiling point of 95 ° C / 45 mmHg
13.4 g (64% yield) was obtained. mp 51-52 ° C; IR (KBr): 2225
cm -1 : GC-MS: 139 (M + ) Reference Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 2 was carried out except that the reaction was carried out at a reaction temperature of 260 ° C. for 8 hours. As a result, 43% of 3,4-difluorobenzonitrile and 21% of 4-fluoro-3-chlorobenzonitrile were obtained.

比較例1(常圧反応) 反応容器を、冷却器、攪拌機、温度計を備えた300ml
の4径フラスコに変え、1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリジン
−2−オン(DMI)溶媒中、225℃の温度で8時間反応し
た以外は実施例1と同様におこなった。その結果、原料
の3−クロロベンゾニトリルのみ回収した。
Comparative Example 1 (Normal pressure reaction) A reaction vessel was equipped with a cooler, a stirrer, and a thermometer in a volume of 300 ml.
Was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction was carried out at a temperature of 225 ° C. for 8 hours in a 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one (DMI) solvent. As a result, only the raw material 3-chlorobenzonitrile was recovered.

比較例2 実施例1のDMI溶媒をスルホランに代えて後は実施例
1と同様にして反応を行なった。時間経過とともに圧力
が上昇し、5.5時間で12Kg/cm2にまで達したので反応を
中断した。反応液を取り出すと、スルホランが分解した
時の異臭と大量のタール状物質が生成していた。
Comparative Example 2 The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the DMI solvent in Example 1 was replaced with sulfolane. The pressure increased with time and reached 12 kg / cm 2 in 5.5 hours, so the reaction was interrupted. When the reaction solution was taken out, an off-flavor when the sulfolane was decomposed and a large amount of tar-like substances were generated.

比較例3〜5 溶媒を代えた以外は、参考例1と同様にして反応を行
なった。結果を表1に示す。
Comparative Examples 3 to 5 The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the solvent was changed. Table 1 shows the results.

以上のように、1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリジン−2−
オン以外の類似の極性溶媒、例えば1,3−ジメチル−3,
4,5,6−テトラハイドロピリミジノン(DMPU),1,1−ジ
オキシ−テトラヒドロチオフェン(スルホラン)、N−
メチルピロリドン(NMP)中では大量のタール状物質が
生成し、3−フルオロベンゾニトリル類は低収率でしか
生成しなかった。
As described above, 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-
Similar polar solvents other than on, e.g., 1,3-dimethyl-3,
4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinone (DMPU), 1,1-dioxy-tetrahydrothiophene (sulfolane), N-
In methylpyrrolidone (NMP), large amounts of tar-like substances were formed, and 3-fluorobenzonitrile was formed only in low yield.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】1,3−ジアルキルイミダゾリジン−2−オ
ン溶媒の存在下、一般式 (式中、Xはハロゲン原子又は水素原子を示す。但し、
4−フルオロ又は4−クロロの場合を除く。) で表わされるメタクロロベンゾニトリル類とアルカリ金
属フッ化物を、オートクレーブ中で反応させることを特
徴とする、一般式 (式中、Yはフッ素原子または水素原子を示す。但し、
4−フルオロの場合を除く。)
A compound of the formula (1) in the presence of a 1,3-dialkylimidazolidin-2-one solvent: (Wherein, X represents a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom, provided that
Except for 4-fluoro or 4-chloro. A) reacting a metachlorobenzonitrile represented by the formula (1) with an alkali metal fluoride in an autoclave; (Wherein, Y represents a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom, provided that
Except for 4-fluoro. )
JP5107990A 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile Expired - Lifetime JP2934660B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5107990A JP2934660B2 (en) 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5107990A JP2934660B2 (en) 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Method for producing metafluorobenzonitrile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03255060A JPH03255060A (en) 1991-11-13
JP2934660B2 true JP2934660B2 (en) 1999-08-16

Family

ID=12876811

Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2934660B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6385845B2 (en) * 2014-03-27 2018-09-05 大阪ガスケミカル株式会社 Novel fluorene compound and process for producing the same
CN114950279B (en) * 2022-06-21 2023-12-08 江西国化实业有限公司 Reaction kettle for preparing 2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and production process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03255060A (en) 1991-11-13

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