JP2928514B2 - Engine operation control method and automobile - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism for controlling an engine, an electronic fuel injection device, and an ignition device, and is particularly suitable for satisfying a driver's intention and preference for driving. The control method. The present invention also relates to an automobile using the control method. [Prior art] Commercially available engine control mechanisms and electronic devices are used by as many car users (drivers or passengers) as possible.
So-called maximal pledge matching that satisfies the tastes of the people. Matching refers to adjusting the mechanisms and devices for engine control to satisfy laws and regulations and the needs of users. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The prior art described above has a problem that it does not take into account the preferences of each user and the response to changes in usage conditions, and cannot satisfy the demands of all users. there were. An object of the present invention is to eliminate some dissatisfaction points among users. [Means for Solving the Problems] The above-described object is to measure the driver's driving manner using an on-board computer, classify the driver's intention and preference based on the measurement result, and control the engine control mechanism according to the classification result. Or by adjusting the device. How to drive
Each person's tastes and their intentions appear. Below,
"Intention" is used in a broad sense, including preference. As a method of knowing the driver's intention, data on how to depress the accelerator pedal when starting or driving at constant speed, how to depress the brake pedal before stopping, and how to turn the steering wheel during driving are collected, and these are collected as vehicle speed,
The evaluation can be performed by referring to the engine speed, the vehicle acceleration, and the like. In the evaluation, the driver's intention can be classified by applying a change amount per unit time of the accelerator or the brake pedal to a preset membership function of fuzzy theory. The control according to the driver's intention can be realized by adjusting the reaction force against the depression force of the accelerator pedal, the ignition timing, or the fuel injection amount. In other words, it is as follows. The present invention continuously measures a first physical quantity representing a state of operation of an accelerator pedal of a car and a second physical quantity representing an operation state of an engine which is changed by operation of the accelerator pedal. Classifying the driver's intention to indicate the driving tendency of the method of changing the speed of the vehicle from the first physical quantity according to a predetermined fuzzy control rule, and matching the classification result with the classified result. Adjusting the sensitivity indicating how the operating state of the engine is changed in response to the operation of the accelerator pedal, measuring the change in the second physical quantity when the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed, and adjusting the sensitivity based on the measured result. The engine operation control method is characterized in that the engine operation is controlled with time by adjusting the time. Further, the present invention provides a measuring instrument for continuously measuring an operation speed of an accelerator pedal of an automobile, an engine tachometer for continuously measuring an engine speed changed by an operation of the accelerator pedal, At the start,
Intention classification means for classifying an intention indicating a driving tendency of the driver regarding how to change the speed of the vehicle from the operation speed of the accelerator pedal in accordance with a predetermined fuzzy control rule; Adjusts the sensitivity indicating how to change the operating state of the engine in response to the operation of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle, and adjusts the sensitivity based on the change in the engine speed when the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed. And a control means for controlling the operation of the engine over time by adjusting the vehicle speed. [Operation] Observing and classifying the user's intentions and preferences regarding the car,
There are three modes: light, normal, and relaxation. Drivers who prefer "light" to the car matched to average preference tend to press the accelerator and brake pedal more rapidly than "normal" people, and prefer "mild" Drivers tend to step slowly. These trends do not always appear. It may change depending on the road condition and the condition of the carrier. Even if the driver's intentions and preferences are unclear instantaneously, they are likely to become apparent, and by measuring and evaluating the accelerator pedal and brake pedal movements over time during driving, The intention can be classified into the above three types. That is, the classification can be performed by continuously measuring both the accelerator and brake pedals at the time of starting, accelerating, traveling at a constant speed, decelerating and stopping, and using the measurement results as a membership function. According to the classification result, the sensitivity to the depression force of the accelerator pedal is increased for a driver who prefers "light", and the sensitivity is reduced for a driver who prefers "mild". Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. The intention of the driver regarding the driving is measured by measuring the angles θ _th and θ _br of the accelerator pedal 1 and the brake pedal 2 by the measuring devices 3 and 4, respectively, and continuously calculating these values.
Judge and evaluate with. In the classification, the rotation speed N obtained by the tachometer 6 of the engine and the vehicle speed v are also used as evaluation variables. When the classification of the driver's intention is determined, the fulcrum of the return leaf spring 8 of the accelerator pedal 1 is moved by the fulcrum moving mechanism 9 by the accelerator pedal reaction force adjusting device 7. It is assumed that the accelerator pedal is mechanically linked to the throttle valve 10. Another method of setting the classification result of the driver's intention can be realized by selecting and setting parameters of respective calculation formulas in the fuel injection device 11 and the ignition timing control device 12 according to the classification result. Calculation of the fuel injection quantity, a fuel injection device 11, the intake air quantity Q _a and the engine speed measured by the air flow meter 13 N
Accordingly, the valve opening time T _i of the injector 14 is calculated by the following equation. T _i = k _M · k · Q _a / N where k is a conversion coefficient. k _M is a coefficient that sets the driver's intention, and takes the following value, for example. Changing the light when k _M = 1.1 at ordinary time k _M = 1.0 mild k _M = 0.9 the fuel amount, thereby changing the air-fuel ratio. When it is not preferable to change the air-fuel ratio, the ignition timing control device
At 12, the driving characteristics are adjusted to the driver's intention by adjusting the ignition timing of the spark plug 15. The following may be performed on the basis of the normal ignition timing. As shown in FIG. 2, an alternative to the reaction force adjusting mechanism of the accelerator pedal 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be used. The reaction force of the accelerator pedal 1 is applied to the support plate of the spring 21 which gives it.
The length from 22 is variable by adjusting it stepwise by a pulse motor 23. Alternatively, it can also be realized by inserting a ring mechanism into a part of the wire extending from the accelerator pedal to the throttle valve, and making the length of the ring variable as described above. When the accelerator pedal 1 and the throttle valve 10 are electrically connected, as shown in FIG. 3, the response characteristic of the throttle valve driving device 16 that converts the accelerator pedal angle θ _ac into the throttle valve angle θ _th. Is changed according to the classification result of the intention classification device 5. This response characteristic can be varied by selecting the transfer function as a first-order lag and changing its time constant. That is, the characteristic can be expressed by the following transfer equation. Here, T is a time constant. When the _{T 1 <T 2 <T 3} ,
The selection of the time constant T according to the intention classification is as follows. As the control method of the throttle valve angle θth when the throttle valve is electrically _operated , the acceleration servo control method by the same applicant (T = T ₁ normal time T = T ₂ mild time T = T ₃ ) giving target acceleration as shown in Japanese Patent Application Sho 61-124471), a method of controlling the throttle valve angle theta _th to the engine follows the target acceleration is. This method is based on a transfer function G (s) = θ _th / θ in the throttle valve driving device 16 shown in FIG.
The configuration of _ac is an alternative to the above temporary delay system. The implementation of the intention-oriented control method has been described above for the case where the accelerator pedal and the throttle valve are directly connected and the case where an electric or electronic circuit is inserted between the two. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the difference between the two. The hatched blocks in the figure are the adjusting devices that embody the intention. FIG. 4 (a) shows a case where the accelerator pedal and the throttle valve are directly connected, and the driver's intention is determined by three types of adjustment functions, namely, the rigidity of the spring in the reaction force adjusting device 7, the rigidity of the fuel injection device 11. It can be embodied by either the air-fuel ratio and the ignition timing in the ignition timing control device 12. FIG. 4B shows an adjustment function of the target acceleration setting unit 32 for realizing the intention. Next, a method of measuring and classifying the intention of the driver will be described. As one method of classifying a driver's intention, fuzzy logic is used. The simplest method is to determine the driver's intention and preference by measuring the amount of movement of the accelerator pedal per unit time over time and applying the measured value group to a membership function. When observing the situation where the driver depresses the accelerator pedal at the time of starting, the situation is as shown in FIG. 5 (a). Drivers who prefer "light (s)" accelerate rapidly, and those who prefer "mild (g)" accelerate slowly. An ordinary person steps in the “ordinary (a)” manner. The change of the accelerator pedal angle θ _ac per unit time t _i −t _{i−1 is} defined as θ _ac (t _i ) −θ _ac (t
_i-1 ), and when applied to the membership function,
As shown in FIG. 6B, a membership function value is obtained from a plurality of measured values. According to the relative frequency of occurrence of the membership function value during a certain driving period (referred to as normalized frequency), the driver's intention can be either (FIG. 5 (c)). The drivability mode is switched as follows according to the determination result. The drivability mode symbols are represented as follows. S: light, A: normal, G: mild (i) more gentle G → A, A → S, or S → S (cannot be changed) (ii) milder S → A, A → G, or G → another method of evaluating intention of G (can not be changed) the driver at the time of start, the accelerator pedal angle after start after t _p time is measured, there is a method of obtaining the membership function values. In FIG. 4 (b),
By changing the value on the horizontal axis to θ _ac (t _p ) −θ _ac (0) = θ _ac (t _p ), the figure can be used. Find the membership function value for multiple starts after starting the engine. FIG. 5 (c) shows the resulting membership function value.
The intention of the driver is determined to be one of the above three types by applying to the normalized frequency diagram of FIG. The intention pointing control at the time of constant speed traveling can be performed by measuring a change in engine speed (sensitivity) according to the movement of the accelerator pedal and adjusting the sensitivity. For example, for a driver who tends to overshoot the engine speed by operating the accelerator, the adjustment function is adjusted so as to weaken the sensitivity. For a driver who frequently blows air in a mechanically modified (MT) vehicle, the above adjustment function can be used to switch to the “light” mode. In addition to changing the mode according to the driver,
The optimal mode may be selected according to time and place. In the above, the intention determination is performed mainly on the movement of the accelerator pedal. By using the movement of the brake pedal together, the following determination and adjustment can be performed. For drivers with automatic transmission (AT) who do not depress the brake pedal before starting in the D range, a "mild" mode is set to prevent accidents due to sudden starting. For an AT car driver who depresses the accelerator pedal while stepping on the brake pedal to increase the engine speed before starting, "light"
Set the mode. When the driver's operation on the vehicle as described above is comprehensively determined and a control rule is established, the correspondence between the control rule and the desired vehicle acceleration characteristic can be obtained as follows. (Rule 1) Always depress the accelerator pedal at the time of acceleration and step on it quickly (youth) → Light: rapid acceleration (Fig. 6 (a) (Rule 2) There are many accelerator operations, many steering wheel and brake operations (running on mountain roads) → Normal / sudden acceleration (Fig. 6 (h)), gentle / slow acceleration (Fig. 6 (c)) (Rule 3) The increase / decrease of the accelerator depression amount is made little by little,
Slower vehicle speed (middle-aged) → convex / slow acceleration (6th
Fig. (D) (Rule 4) Accelerator operation with a small opening is frequently performed and the speed is low (congestion) → linear / slow acceleration (Fig. 6 (e)) (Rule 5) Accelerator depression is jerky and vehicle speed fluctuates finely Yes (beginner) → Linear slow acceleration (FIG. 6 (e)) The vehicle body acceleration characteristics shown in FIG. The setting results of the three types of drivability modes, ie, light, normal, and mild, are displayed on a lamp so that the driver can know the current mode. The mode can also be set manually. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the driving characteristics of the vehicle, particularly the acceleration characteristics, can be corrected with time, so that the characteristics desired by the driver can be embodied on the vehicle. Even in the same car, the characteristics are adjusted to the desired characteristics for each driver. The driver's preference regarding the driving characteristics changes depending on the use environment, the loader and the load. Since the change of the vehicle is grasped by the control device of the vehicle according to the driver's intention at the time, the usability is greatly improved as compared with the conventional case. When the change in the driving characteristics is not desired, the driving mode switch may be fixed. Also, when a specific mode is selected in advance, the mode may be selected by the mode switch.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which an accelerator pedal and a throttle valve are directly connected, FIG. 2 is a view showing an alternative to an accelerator pedal depression reaction force adjusting mechanism, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment in the case of an electric throttle valve, FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the functions of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 in a block diagram, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an implementation method, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an operation characteristic to be set.

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Teruji Sakozawa               1099 Ozenji Temple, Aso-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture               Hitachi, Ltd. System Development Laboratory               Inside (72) Inventor Makoto Shioya               1099 Ozenji Temple, Aso-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture               Hitachi, Ltd. System Development Laboratory               Inside                (56) References JP-A-59-10753 (JP, A)                 JP-A-59-122746 (JP, A)                 JP-A-63-138138 (JP, A)                 Actual opening sho 59-157935 (JP, U)                 JP-B-59-30750 (JP, B2)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A first physical quantity representing a state of operation of an accelerator pedal of the car and a second physical quantity representing an operation state of an engine changed by the operation of the accelerator pedal are continuously measured. The intention of indicating the driving tendency of the driving vehicle in the manner of changing the speed of the vehicle from the physical quantity of the vehicle is classified according to a predetermined fuzzy control rule, and the operation of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is performed so as to match the classified result. Adjusting the sensitivity indicating how the operating state of the engine changes with respect to the vehicle, measuring the change in the second physical quantity when the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed, and adjusting the sensitivity based on the measured result. An engine operation control method characterized by controlling an engine operation over time by means of: 2. 2. The engine operation control method according to claim 1, wherein a change amount of an accelerator pedal angle per unit time is used as the first physical quantity. 3. 3. The engine operation control method according to claim 2, wherein a membership function is obtained from an amount of change per unit time of the accelerator pedal angle, and the intention is classified based on the obtained membership function. Engine operation control method. 4. 3. The engine operation control method according to claim 1, wherein the second physical quantity is an engine speed of a vehicle. 5. The engine operation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adjustment of the sensitivity is performed by adjusting a repulsion force against a pedaling force of an accelerator pedal. Method. 6. A measuring instrument for continuously measuring the operation speed of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle; an engine tachometer for continuously measuring the number of revolutions of the engine changed by the operation of the accelerator pedal; and the accelerator pedal when the vehicle starts. Intention classification means for classifying an intention indicating the driving tendency of the driver about how to change the speed of the vehicle from the operation speed according to a predetermined fuzzy control rule; and Adjust the sensitivity indicating how to change the operating state of the engine in response to the operation of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle so as to match, and adjust the sensitivity based on the change in the engine speed when the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed. And a control means for controlling the operation of the engine over time. 7. 7. The vehicle according to claim 6, further comprising means for displaying the sensitivity.