JP2924001B2 - Method for producing fiber-reinforced resin molded article - Google Patents
Method for producing fiber-reinforced resin molded articleInfo
- Publication number
- JP2924001B2 JP2924001B2 JP25944489A JP25944489A JP2924001B2 JP 2924001 B2 JP2924001 B2 JP 2924001B2 JP 25944489 A JP25944489 A JP 25944489A JP 25944489 A JP25944489 A JP 25944489A JP 2924001 B2 JP2924001 B2 JP 2924001B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- injection
- mold
- time
- fiber
- liquid resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、繊維強化樹脂成形体の製造方法に関するも
のであり、詳しくは、注入時の液状樹脂原料の流量の制
御方法に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a fiber-reinforced resin molded product, and more particularly, to a method for controlling a flow rate of a liquid resin material at the time of injection.
（従来の技術） 従来、型の中の所定の位置に繊維強化材をあらかじめ
載置し、型を閉じ、液状樹脂原料を注入し、硬化させる
繊維強化樹脂成形体の製造方法に於て、液状樹脂原料の
注入時の流量は、注入の開始から完了まで一定で操作し
ていた。(Prior Art) Conventionally, in a method of manufacturing a fiber-reinforced resin molded body, a fiber-reinforced material is previously placed at a predetermined position in a mold, the mold is closed, a liquid resin material is injected, and the resin material is cured. The flow rate at the time of the injection of the resin material was kept constant from the start to the end of the injection.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） しかし、この様な操作を行なえば、比較的大型の成形
体の製造や繊維含有率の高い成形体の製造などの大きな
通液圧損を伴う成形に際して、注入が進行するとともに
通液圧損が増大し、注入圧が型締め圧以上に達すれば型
が開いたり、あるいは液状樹脂原料を型に供給するため
に印加する圧以上に達すれば注入が不可能になるなど、
不都合が生ずる。この様な圧損の過大な上昇に対して、
型締圧の増強や樹脂原料に印加する注入圧の増強で対応
しようとすれば、設備費の増大、エネルギーコストの増
大等の不利益をもたらす。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, if such an operation is performed, injection can be performed during molding involving a large fluid pressure loss, such as production of a relatively large molded body or production of a molded body having a high fiber content. As the process proceeds, the liquid flow pressure loss increases. If the injection pressure reaches the mold clamping pressure or more, the mold opens, or if the pressure exceeds the pressure applied to supply the liquid resin raw material to the mold, injection becomes impossible. ,
Inconvenience occurs. In response to such an excessive rise in pressure loss,
If an attempt is made to respond by increasing the mold clamping pressure or the injection pressure applied to the resin raw material, disadvantages such as an increase in equipment costs and an increase in energy costs are brought.
また、注入速度を低くすれば圧損を低減できることは
自明であるが、注入に要する時間が長くなり、もし、注
入中に硬化が始まれば、圧損の急上昇によって注入不可
能となり、やはり好ましくない。It is obvious that lowering the injection speed can reduce the pressure loss, but the time required for the injection is prolonged, and if the curing starts during the injection, the injection becomes impossible due to the rapid rise in the pressure loss, which is also undesirable.
注入時間の上限は、液状樹脂原料を混合、注入した
後、硬化反応により実質的に粘度が上昇を始めるまでの
時間であると考えられるが、これは使用する樹脂原料の
種類と硬化温度等の硬化条件に依存する。また、注入速
度一定であれば、注入開始直後には圧損は低く、注入完
了直前には圧損は最大値に達する。The upper limit of the injection time is considered to be a time after mixing and injecting the liquid resin raw material until the viscosity substantially starts to increase due to a curing reaction, which is determined by the type of the resin raw material used and the curing temperature. Depends on curing conditions. If the injection speed is constant, the pressure loss is low immediately after the start of the injection, and reaches the maximum value immediately before the completion of the injection.
したがって、成形時の圧損、とりわけ圧損の最高到達
値を低減させるためには、許容される注入時間の範囲内
で、注入初期の速度を高めに、注入後期の速度を低めに
設定して操作すればよい。この様な操作を行なう方法の
例として、注入速度を段階状に低下させる方法が挙げら
れるが、段階の切り替わる時点で圧損が突出して高くな
り、好ましくない。Therefore, in order to reduce the pressure loss at the time of molding, especially the maximum value of the pressure loss, it is necessary to operate at a high injection initial speed and a low late injection speed within the allowable injection time. I just need. As an example of a method for performing such an operation, there is a method in which the injection speed is reduced stepwise. However, the pressure loss is prominently increased at the time of switching the stages, which is not preferable.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明者等は、このような事情に鑑み、鋭意検討した
結果、繊維強化材を載置した型の中に液状樹脂原料を注
入し、硬化して繊維強化樹脂成形体を成形するに際し
て、型キャビティ内での注入速度を時間に対して連続的
に低下するよう制御する事により、圧損の過大な増大を
もたらすことなく、有利に繊維強化樹脂成形体を製造し
得ることを見いだし、本発明を完成した。(Means for Solving the Problems) In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, injected a liquid resin raw material into a mold on which a fiber reinforcing material was mounted, and cured and cured the fiber. When molding a resin molded body, it is advantageous to produce a fiber reinforced resin molded body without causing an excessive increase in pressure loss by controlling the injection speed in the mold cavity to decrease continuously with time. The present invention has been completed.
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明で言う繊維強化樹脂とは、繊維で強化された樹
脂であり、繊維としては、無機、有機から選ばれる材料
からなり、例えば、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アルミナ繊
維、ボロン繊維、珪素繊維、芳香族ポリアミド繊維、ポ
リエステル繊維等が挙げられる。繊維における導電性の
有無は本質的な問題ではない。繊維の長さは、限定され
ないが、機械的強度を高くするためには、長い方が好ま
しい。The fiber reinforced resin referred to in the present invention is a resin reinforced with fiber, and the fiber is made of a material selected from inorganic and organic, for example, glass fiber, carbon fiber, alumina fiber, boron fiber, silicon fiber, Examples thereof include aromatic polyamide fibers and polyester fibers. The presence or absence of conductivity in the fiber is not an essential issue. The length of the fiber is not limited, but is preferably longer in order to increase the mechanical strength.
繊維強化材の形態としては、マット、織物、あるいは
これらを向き合わせたものが好ましく用いられる。As a form of the fiber reinforcing material, a mat, a woven fabric, or a combination thereof is preferably used.
本発明で言う樹脂とは、反応射出成形機によって成形
可能な熱可塑性、熱硬化性、あるいはこれらを組み合わ
せた樹脂である。これらの樹脂は、液状の樹脂原料の形
態で型の中に注入される。液状樹脂原料とは、前記樹脂
の原料となる二液、あるいは三液性のものであり、これ
らを衝突混合させて硬化させることが出来る。樹脂原料
の粘度は、型温や混合比に依存するが、混合後、注入す
る時点で低いほど好適であり、具体的には50cp以下が好
ましい。硬化速度は型内に注入する時は遅く、注入が完
了した後は速やかに硬化することが好ましい。具体的に
は、硬化時間として10分以下、好ましくは５分以下、よ
り好ましくは３分以下がよい。本発明の樹脂としては、
エポキシ、ビニルエステル、不飽和ポリエステル、フェ
ノール、ビスマレイミド、ウレタン、ポリウレア、ポリ
イソシアヌレート等の熱硬化性樹脂、ポリアミド、ポリ
カーボネート等の熱可塑性樹脂の原料が挙げられる。ま
た、ノルボルネン型重合性モノマー、およびアリル、ビ
ニル、アクリル、メタクリル型の炭素−炭素二重結合を
有するモノマー、オリゴマーから重合される熱硬化性樹
脂も含まれる。これらの樹脂に反応性希釈剤、触媒、内
部離型剤等の添加物を適宜添加してもよい。The resin referred to in the present invention is a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or a combination thereof that can be molded by a reaction injection molding machine. These resins are injected into a mold in the form of a liquid resin raw material. The liquid resin raw material is a two-liquid or three-liquid resin raw material, which can be hardened by collision mixing. Although the viscosity of the resin raw material depends on the mold temperature and the mixing ratio, the lower the viscosity at the time of injection after mixing, the more suitable, specifically, 50 cp or less. It is preferable that the curing speed is low when the resin is poured into the mold and that the resin cures quickly after the injection is completed. Specifically, the curing time is 10 minutes or less, preferably 5 minutes or less, and more preferably 3 minutes or less. As the resin of the present invention,
Examples of the raw material include thermosetting resins such as epoxy, vinyl ester, unsaturated polyester, phenol, bismaleimide, urethane, polyurea, and polyisocyanurate, and thermoplastic resins such as polyamide and polycarbonate. Also included are norbornene-type polymerizable monomers, and allyl, vinyl, acryl, and methacryl-type monomers having a carbon-carbon double bond, and thermosetting resins polymerized from oligomers. Additives such as a reactive diluent, a catalyst and an internal release agent may be appropriately added to these resins.
液状樹脂原料の注入量は時間に対して連続的に低下す
るよう制御する。もし、連続的でなく段階状に低下させ
た場合には段階の切り替わる時点で圧損が突出して高く
なり、好ましくない。注入量を時間に対して連続して低
下させる方法として、種々のパターンが挙げられるが、
時間に対して直線状に（すなわち一次関数として）低下
させることは、制御機構を複雑化させないようにする上
で利点がある。The injection amount of the liquid resin raw material is controlled so as to continuously decrease with time. If the pressure is lowered stepwise rather than continuously, the pressure loss is prominently increased at the point where the steps are switched, which is not preferable. As a method of continuously decreasing the injection amount with respect to time, various patterns can be mentioned.
Decreasing linearly with time (ie, as a linear function) has the advantage of not complicating the control mechanism.
注入速度として、一次関数以外の方法で制御すること
もできるが、この場合でも、注入速度が大きいとミキシ
ングヘッドにおける衝突混合の効率は良いが、注入圧が
大きくなるため好ましくなく、逆に、注入速度が小さい
と注入圧は小さいが、衝突混合の効率が悪くなるため、
やはり好ましくない。すなわち、注入速度の最大値と最
小値の差が余りに大きいことは好ましくなく、両者の比
は５倍以内、好ましくは３倍以内が好適である。これら
の操作条件を決めるに当たっては、ミキシングヘッドの
中に装着するオリフィスの選定も重要である。すなわ
ち、上記の範囲の注入速度の変動においても良好な混合
が得られるよう、適切な口径のオリフィスを装着する必
要がある。また、固定した口径を有するオリフィスの代
わりに、ニードル弁にスプリングを組み合わせたスプリ
ングバック式のオリフィスを用いることは、変動する注
入速度に対応して注入圧や混合効率を適切な範囲に保つ
上で好適である。The injection speed can be controlled by a method other than a linear function.However, even in this case, if the injection speed is high, the efficiency of collision mixing in the mixing head is good, but the injection pressure increases, which is not preferable. If the speed is small, the injection pressure is small, but the efficiency of collision mixing becomes poor,
After all it is not desirable. That is, it is not preferable that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the injection rate is too large, and the ratio between the two is within 5 times, preferably within 3 times. In determining these operating conditions, it is also important to select an orifice to be mounted in the mixing head. That is, it is necessary to provide an orifice having an appropriate diameter so that good mixing can be obtained even when the injection speed varies in the above range. In addition, using a spring-back type orifice in which a spring is combined with a needle valve in place of an orifice having a fixed diameter, in order to keep the injection pressure and mixing efficiency in an appropriate range corresponding to a fluctuating injection speed. It is suitable.
液状樹脂原料の注入時間は樹脂のゲル化時間を越えな
い範囲で任意に設定できる。しかし、この範囲内で、で
きるだけ大き目に設定した方が圧損の上昇を抑えるため
には好ましい。今、仮に、上記の好ましい時間で樹脂原
料を注入する場合、注入流量を時間に対して一次関数で
低下させるよう制御した時の圧損経時変化曲線の最大値
は、注入開始直後の流入流量と注入完了直前の注入流量
の比が概ね３対１となるよう操作した時、すなわち一定
流量で注入した場合の流量に対して、注入開始時に1.5
倍、注入完了時に0.5倍とした時に最小値をとることが
見出された。この場合の注入速度を時間の関数で表わせ
ば、次式： ｕ＝−（L/θ）・｛（t/θ）−1.5｝ ０≦t/θ≦１ u:注入速度 ［m/sec］ L:流動方向の長さ ［ｍ］ θ：注入完了時間 ［sec］ t:時 間 ［sec］ の通りである。したがって、本条件、あるいはこれに近
い条件で操作することは、注入時の圧損を抑制する上
で、きわめて好ましい結果をもたらす。The injection time of the liquid resin raw material can be arbitrarily set within a range not exceeding the gelling time of the resin. However, it is preferable to set the value as large as possible within this range in order to suppress an increase in pressure loss. Now, if the resin material is injected at the above-mentioned preferable time, the maximum value of the pressure-loss time-dependent change curve when the injection flow rate is controlled to be reduced by a linear function with respect to time is determined by the flow rate immediately after the start of the injection and the injection rate. When operating so that the ratio of the injection flow rate immediately before completion is approximately 3: 1, that is, the flow rate when the injection is performed at a constant flow rate, 1.5 times at the start of injection
It was found that the minimum value was obtained when the ratio was 0.5 times when the injection was completed and 0.5 times when the injection was completed. If the injection speed in this case is expressed as a function of time, the following equation is obtained: u = − (L / θ) · {(t / θ) −1.5} 0 ≦ t / θ ≦ 1 u: injection speed [m / sec] L: Length in flow direction [m] θ: Injection completion time [sec] t: Time [sec] Therefore, operating under these conditions, or conditions close to these conditions, brings about extremely favorable results in suppressing pressure loss during injection.
つぎに、本発明方法による繊維強化樹脂成形体を製造
する方法を説明する。Next, a method for producing a fiber-reinforced resin molded article according to the method of the present invention will be described.
型としては、金属製、樹脂製等のいずれを用いても良
い。The mold may be made of metal, resin, or the like.
繊維強化剤は、開かれた型キャビティの中の所定の位
置に載置される。マットのみ、織物のみを一枚以上積層
して載置してもよいし、これらを適宜組み合わせて載置
してもよい。The fiber reinforcement is placed in place in the open mold cavity. One or more mats or only fabrics may be stacked and placed, or a combination of these may be placed as appropriate.
繊維を載置した後、型を閉じ、液状樹脂原料を注入す
る。液状樹脂原料としては、前記の熱硬化性樹脂、熱可
塑性樹脂、添加物、およびこれらを組み合わせたものの
中から選ばれる。注入方法としては、反応射出成形の常
法により行い、温度、圧力、注入時間等の操作条件は個
々の樹脂の性状、成形体の要求性能等により適宜決めら
れる。注入量は成形する成形体の体積、繊維含有率によ
り決まるので、注入開始時の流量と完了時の流量の比が
５対１以下であり、しかも流量が時間に対して一次関数
で減少するよう注入流量を決めればよい。After placing the fibers, the mold is closed and the liquid resin material is injected. The liquid resin raw material is selected from the above-mentioned thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins, additives, and combinations thereof. The injection method is performed by a conventional method of reaction injection molding, and operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, injection time and the like are appropriately determined depending on properties of individual resins, required performance of molded articles, and the like. Since the injection amount is determined by the volume of the molded article to be molded and the fiber content, the ratio of the flow rate at the start of the injection to the flow rate at the completion of the injection is 5: 1 or less, and the flow rate is reduced by a linear function with respect to time. The injection flow rate may be determined.
注入流量を制御するための装置としては、例えばカム
装置が挙げられる。例えば、特定形状の端面カム（原動
節）を等速で回転させ、接触子（従動節）に時間に対し
て一次関数で減速するような直線運動を与えることが可
能である。また、油圧で駆動させる装置であれば、油圧
装置の作動油の流量を電気的に制御することによっても
可能である。A device for controlling the injection flow rate includes, for example, a cam device. For example, it is possible to rotate an end cam (drive joint) of a specific shape at a constant speed, and to give a linear motion such that the contact element (drive follower) decelerates with a linear function with respect to time. Further, if the device is driven by hydraulic pressure, it is also possible to electrically control the flow rate of hydraulic oil of the hydraulic device.
注入が完了したら、そのまま密閉した型の中で所定の
温度条件下で硬化させ、硬化が完了したら、型を開いて
成形体を取り出す。成形体の物性を向上させるため、こ
の後、適宜加熱処理を行なってもよい。After the injection is completed, the mixture is cured under a predetermined temperature condition in a closed mold as it is. When the curing is completed, the mold is opened and the molded body is taken out. After that, a heat treatment may be appropriately performed to improve the physical properties of the molded body.
（実施例） 実施例１ 型としては、盤面の大きさが、縦300mm、横300mmの金
属製のものを用いた。型には、液の入口と、その反対側
に空気の出口を設けた。また、型キャビティの入口部に
ロードセル式圧力計を設けた。型の温度は、室温に保っ
た。液の注入には、容量100mlの注射器の先端を型の液
入口部に接続し、ピストンをクランプで締め付けて行な
った。液としては、水に少量の水飴を添加して粘度を約
10cpsに調整したものを用いた。繊維としては、縦295m
m、横295mmで目付け量450g/m2のガラス繊維マットを用
いた。(Example) Example 1 As a mold, a metal plate having a board size of 300 mm in length and 300 mm in width was used. The mold was provided with a liquid inlet and an air outlet on the opposite side. A load cell type pressure gauge was provided at the entrance of the mold cavity. The mold temperature was kept at room temperature. The injection of the liquid was performed by connecting the tip of a syringe having a capacity of 100 ml to the liquid inlet of the mold and tightening the piston with a clamp. As a liquid, add a small amount of starch syrup to water to reduce viscosity
The one adjusted to 10 cps was used. 295m long as fiber
A glass fiber mat having a basis weight of 450 g / m 2 and a width of 295 mm was used.
前記型の中に前記のマットを載置し、型を閉じた後、
前記の液を約10秒間で注入した。注入流量は、注入開始
直後に11.2ml/sec、注入完了直前に3.7ml/secとなるよ
う、また、時間に対して連続的に低下するよう操作し
た。注入時の型キャビティ入口部での圧力を連続測定し
た結果を図１に●印で示した。After placing the mat in the mold and closing the mold,
The solution was injected for about 10 seconds. The injection flow rate was adjusted to 11.2 ml / sec immediately after the start of the injection, 3.7 ml / sec immediately before the completion of the injection, and to continuously decrease with time. The results of continuous measurement of the pressure at the mold cavity inlet during injection are shown by the black circles in FIG.
比較例１ 注入時の流量を7.4ml/secの一定値になるよう操作し
たこと以外は上記の実施例と同様にして注入を行なっ
た。注入時の圧力の測定値は時間に対して直線状に上昇
した。結果を図１に○印で示した。Comparative Example 1 Injection was performed in the same manner as in the above example except that the flow rate at the time of injection was adjusted to a constant value of 7.4 ml / sec. The measured pressure at injection rose linearly with time. The results are shown by a circle in FIG.
（発明の効果） 本発明方法にもとづいて繊維強化樹脂成形体を製造す
ることにより、注入時の圧損の上昇を最小限に抑えるこ
とが可能となり、大型成形体の製造や繊維含有率の高い
成形体の製造上、その利するところ大である。(Effects of the Invention) By producing a fiber-reinforced resin molded article based on the method of the present invention, it is possible to minimize the rise in pressure loss during injection, to produce a large molded article and to mold with a high fiber content. This is a great advantage in the production of the body.
図は実施例１（−●−）と比較例１（−○−）における
キャビティ入口部での圧損の変化を示す。The figure shows the change in pressure loss at the cavity entrance in Example 1 (-●-) and Comparative Example 1 (-−-).
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B29C 39/00 - 39/44 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) B29C 39/00-39/44
Claims (2)
を注入、硬化して、成形品を製造するに際して、型キャ
ビティ内における該液状樹脂原料の注入速度を、時間に
対して連続的に低下させ、注入速度の最大値と最小値の
速度の比が５倍以内であるように制御することを特徴と
する繊維強化樹脂成形体の製造方法。1. Injecting a liquid resin material into a mold on which a fiber reinforcing material is placed and curing the same to produce a molded product, the injection speed of the liquid resin material in the mold cavity is continuously set with respect to time. Wherein the ratio between the maximum value and the minimum value of the injection speed is controlled to be within 5 times.
を注入、硬化して、成形品を製造するに際して、型キャ
ビティ内における該液状樹脂原料の注入速度を、実質的
に次式： ｕ＝−（L/θ）・｛（t/θ）−1.5｝ ０≦t/θ≦１ 但し、u:注入速度 ［m/sec］ L:流動方向の長さ ［ｍ］ θ：注入完了時間 ［sec］ t:時間 ［sec］ に従って制御する請求項１記載の繊維強化樹脂成形体の
製造方法。2. A method for manufacturing a molded product by injecting and curing a liquid resin material into a mold on which a fiber reinforcing material is placed, the injection speed of the liquid resin material in the mold cavity is substantially equal to the following formula. : U = − (L / θ) · {(t / θ) −1.5} 0 ≦ t / θ ≦ 1 where u: injection speed [m / sec] L: length in flow direction [m] θ: injection The method for producing a fiber-reinforced resin molded product according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed according to the completion time [sec] t: time [sec]
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25944489A JP2924001B2 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | Method for producing fiber-reinforced resin molded article |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25944489A JP2924001B2 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | Method for producing fiber-reinforced resin molded article |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03121818A JPH03121818A (en) | 1991-05-23 |
| JP2924001B2 true JP2924001B2 (en) | 1999-07-26 |
Family
ID=17334171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25944489A Expired - Fee Related JP2924001B2 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | Method for producing fiber-reinforced resin molded article |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2924001B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4311017B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2009-08-12 | 東レ株式会社 | Epoxy resin composition and fiber reinforced composite material |
| EP3210738B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2018-10-03 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Composite-material moulding method and moulding device |
| WO2016063387A1 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Composite-material moulding method and moulding device |
| CN114953381A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉轻工大学 | Modulus optimization method for fiber reinforced resin injection molding part |
-
1989
- 1989-10-04 JP JP25944489A patent/JP2924001B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03121818A (en) | 1991-05-23 |
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