JP2918348B2 - Lithographic printing plate - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lithographic printing material to which a silver complex salt diffusion transfer method is applied.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A lithographic printing plate comprises an oleophilic image portion that receives oily ink and an oil-repellent non-image portion that does not receive ink. Generally, the non-image portion is a hydrophilic portion that receives water. It is composed of sex parts. In normal lithographic printing, both water and ink are supplied to the plate surface, the image portion selectively receives color ink, and the non-image portion selectively receives water, and the ink on the image line is, for example, paper or the like. Printing is performed by transferring to a printing medium.

[0003] Therefore, in order to obtain good printed matter, the difference between the lipophilicity and the hydrophilicity between the image area and the non-image area is sufficiently large, and when the water and the ink are supplied to the printing plate, the image area is not sufficient. It is necessary to accept the amount of ink and not to accept the ink at all in the non-image area.

A lithographic printing plate using a silver complex salt diffusion transfer method (DTR method), particularly a lithographic printing plate having a physical development nucleus layer on a silver halide emulsion layer, is disclosed, for example, in US Pat.
No. 8,114, No. 4,134,769, No. 4-1
No. 60,670, No. 4,336,321, No. 4,
Nos. 501,811, 4,510,228, and 4,621,041, and the like. The exposed silver halide crystal undergoes chemical development by DTR development to produce a black color. It becomes silver and forms a hydrophilic non-image area.On the other hand, unexposed silver halide crystals are converted into a silver salt complex by a silver salt complexing agent in a developing solution and diffused to the physical development nucleus layer on the surface to form nuclei. Causes physical development to form an image portion mainly composed of physically developed silver having ink receptivity.

[0005] As described above, the lithographic printing plate requires gelatin-
Since the silver image deposited on the physical development nucleus layer on the silver halide emulsion layer is used as an ink-accepting image area, the image area is higher than that of a general lithographic printing plate (for example, PS plate). The parts have insufficient resistance to mechanical abrasion, and have the drawback that the image area is missing or the ink receptivity of the image area is easily lost.

If the hardness of gelatin is increased or the amount of physical development nuclei is increased in order to overcome this drawback, background staining occurs and the printing durability of the lithographic printing plate is significantly reduced.
Further, since the lithographic printing plate is stored for a long period of time from production to plate making, there is a drawback that background contamination occurs and ink receptivity is deteriorated, and improvement is desired.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a lithographic printing plate which has improved water retention and uses a silver complex salt diffusion transfer method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lithographic printing plate using a silver complex salt diffusion transfer method, which has improved storage stability of printing performance.

[0008]

The object of the present invention is to provide a lithographic printing plate having at least a silver halide emulsion layer and a physical development nucleus layer on a support, wherein colloidal silica or alumina sol is provided on the physical development nucleus layer. Achieved by having at least one layer.

The colloidal silica or alumina sol used in the present invention has a particle size of 5 to 300 nm, more preferably 10 to 30 nm, and both may be used in combination or in combination. May be used as a water-soluble polymer.

Although the colloidal silica or alumina sol of the present invention has some dependence on the type, amount and properties of the physical development nucleus layer described later, its printing characteristics are generally affected by the amount applied per square meter. You. It is preferably used in an amount of 0.5 g / m ² or less, more preferably 0.1 g / m ² .
An amount of from 0.5 to 0.2 g / m ² is applied. The content of the water-soluble polymer used in the present invention is preferably 0.5 g / m ² or less, more preferably 0.05 to 0.2 g / m ^2.
Range. As the water-soluble polymer, the same polymers as those used in the physical development nucleus layer described later can be used.

It is known that the colloidal silica of the present invention is contained in a treating agent, for example, a neutralizing solution or a humidifying solution described later in Examples, but its effect is not sufficient, and water retention of non-image areas is not sufficient. Was inadequate. In addition, when used in a processing agent, the amount used is limited due to the stability of the solution and the like, and naturally the amount applied to the non-image area is limited. Although there is a limit to the amount used in the application to the upper layer of the physical development nucleus layer of the present invention, the water retention is remarkably improved without lowering the printing durability. This is probably due to many points due to the amount of adhesion, but it is considered that this greatly affects the surface properties before and after the development processing.

On the other hand, when the colloidal silica or alumina sol of the present invention was contained in the physical development nucleus layer, improvement in water retention was recognized.

The lithographic printing plate as the object of the present invention contains gelatin, and the layer containing the lithographic printing plate may be an undercoat layer, an emulsion layer, or a physical development nucleus layer. These gelatin-containing layers can be hardened with a gelatin hardener.
Gelatin hardeners include, for example, inorganic compounds such as chrome alum, aldehydes such as formalin, glyoxal, malealdehyde and glutaraldehyde, N-methylol compounds such as urea and ethylene urea, mucochloric acid, 2,3 Aldehydes such as dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane, 2,4-dichloro-6-hydroxy-
Compounds having an active halogen such as S-triazine salt, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-chloro-S-triazine salt, divinyl sulfone, divinyl ketone, N, N, N
-Tricloyl hexahydrotriazine, compounds having two or more ethyleneimino groups or epoxy groups as active three-membered rings in a molecule, one of various compounds such as dialdehyde starch as a polymer hardener or Two or more can be used.

The hardener can be added to all layers or to some or only one layer.
Of course, in the case of two-layer simultaneous application, the diffusible hardener can be added to only one of the layers. The addition method can be added at the time of emulsion production or in-line at the time of coating.

[0015] The gelatin in the gelatin-containing layer of the present invention is partially composed of water-soluble gelatin, starch, dextrin, albumin, sodium alginate, hydroxyethylcellulose, acacia, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylamide, styrene. It can be substituted with one or more hydrophilic polymers such as maleic anhydride copolymer and polyvinyl methyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer. Further, an aqueous vinyl polymer dispersion (latex) can be added to the gelatin layer.

The polymer binder of the undercoat layer is generally 0.5
More preferably to 10 g / m ² is 1 to 6 g / m ^2. The undercoat layer may contain a pigment or dye such as carbon black for the purpose of preventing halation, and may contain a solid powder (for example, silica particles) having an average particle size of 2 to 10 microns for improving printing durability. Further, a photographic additive such as a developing agent can be included. The undercoat layer is disclosed in JP-A-48-550.
No. 3, No. 48-100203, No. 49-1650
No. 7 may be as described.

The silver halide emulsion layer includes, for example, silver chloride,
It consists of silver bromide, silver chlorobromide, and those containing silver iodide. The silver halide crystal may contain a heavy metal salt such as a rhodium salt, an iridium salt, a palladium salt, a ruthenium salt, a nickel salt, a platinum salt, and the like, in an amount of 10 ^-8 to 10 ^-3 per mol of silver halide. Is a mole. The crystal form of the silver halide is not particularly limited, and may be cubic to tetradecahedral grains, or core-shell or tabular grains. The silver halide crystal may be a monodisperse or polydisperse crystal,
Its average particle size is in the range of 0.2-0.8 μm. One preferred example is a monodispersed or polydispersed crystal containing 80 mol% or more of silver chloride, which contains a rhodium salt or an iridium salt.

Silver halide emulsions can be sensitized in various ways as they are manufactured or coated. It is preferred to chemically sensitize by methods well known in the art such as, for example, with sodium thiosulfate, alkyl thioureas, or with gold compounds such as rhodium gold, gold chloride, or a combination of both. Silver halide emulsions can also be sensitized or desensitized positively or negatively by dyes such as cyanine, merocyanine and the like. There is no particular limitation on the wavelength range in which the sensitization or desensitization can be performed. Therefore, orthosensitization, panchromatic sensitization, helium-neon laser sensitization, argon laser sensitization, LED sensitization, and semiconductor laser sensitization can be performed, and UV sensitization and visible light reduction for a bright room can be performed. You can feel it.

The surface layer present above the emulsion layer contains physical development nuclei. As physical development nuclei, silver, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, lead, nickel, palladium, rhodium, gold, platinum and other metal colloid fine particles, and sulfides, polysulfides, selenides of these metals, or those It may be a mixture or a mixed crystal. The physical development nucleus may or may not contain a hydrophilic binder, but gelatin, starch, dialdehyde starch, carboxymethylcellulose, gum arabic, sodium alginate, hydroxyethylcellulose, polystyrene sulfonic acid, vinyl imidazole and acrylamide It may contain a polymer, a hydrophilic polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or an oligomer thereof, and the content is preferably 0.5 g / m ² or less. Further, the physical development nucleus layer may contain a developing agent such as hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, or catechol, or a known hardener such as formalin or dichloro-s-triazine.

Each coating layer such as an undercoat layer, a silver halide emulsion layer and a physical development nucleus layer may contain some of anionic, cationic or neutral surfactants as coating aids. , An antifoggant, a matting agent, a thickener, an antistatic agent and the like.

As the support of the lithographic printing plate of the present invention,
Paper, a synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer film, a metal plate of aluminum, iron, or the like can be used as long as it can withstand lithographic printing. One or both surfaces of the support may be coated with one or more polymer films or metal thin films. The surface of these supports can be subjected to a surface treatment in order to improve the adhesion to the coating layer.

Particularly preferably used supports are paper coated on both sides or one side with a polyolefin polymer, a polyester film, a polyester film having a hydrophilized surface, an aluminum plate having been subjected to a surface treatment, and the like.
These supports may contain pigments for preventing halation and solid fine particles for improving the surface properties. Further, the support may be light-transmissive so that backside exposure is possible.

The developing solution used in the present invention includes an alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
Lithium hydroxide, tribasic sodium phosphate, etc., sulfites as preservatives, silver halide solvents such as thiosulfate,
Thiocyanates, cyclic imides, 2-mercaptobenzoic acid, amines and the like, thickeners such as hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose and the like, antifoggants,
For example, potassium bromide, compounds described in JP-A-47-26201, etc., developers such as hydroquinones, catechol, 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone, etc., development modifiers such as polyoxyalkylene compounds, onium compounds, etc. Can be included. Further, as the developing solution, a compound or the like described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,776,728 which improves the ink running of the surface silver layer can be used.

The surface silver layer after development of the lithographic printing plate of the present invention can be converted to ink receptivity or enhanced in receptivity with any known surface treating agent. Such a treatment liquid is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-29723, U.S. Pat. No. 3,721,559, and the like. Printing method,
Alternatively, the desensitizing solution, the humidifying solution and the like to be used can be formed by a generally well-known method.

[0025]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but of course, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 A matted layer containing silica particles having an average particle size of 5 μm was provided on one side of 135 g / m ² double-sided polyethylene coated paper, and the opposite side was subjected to corona discharge machining, followed by carbon black and average particle size. A subbing layer (gelatin 3.5 g / m ² ) containing 7 μm silica powder and 1-phenyl-3
-Two-layer simultaneous coating of an ortho-sensitized high-sensitivity silver chloride emulsion containing 0.1 g / m < ² > of pyrazolidone (including 0.8 g / m < ² > of gelatin) as silver nitrate to 1.0 g / m < ² >. Was.

As the hardening agent, 2,4-dichloro-6-
Hydroxy-S-triazine sodium is added to the undercoat layer.
70 mg / m ² and containing, in the emulsion layer N- methylol urea was 80 mg / m ² containing. After drying,
53 described in Example 2 of WO -21602 nuclear coating liquid (a hydroquinone as a developing agent comprising a copolymer as the polymer acrylamide and vinyl Imida <br/> tetrazole of No.3 of 0.8 g / m ² ) And dried to prepare a lithographic printing plate as Comparative Example A of the present invention.

The planographic printing plate according to the embodiment of the present invention is the same as the planographic printing plate (Comparative Example A) except that 0.1 g of colloidal silica having a particle size of 20 nm and alumina sol having a particle size of 20 nm are further provided on the physical development nucleus layer. / M ² , a surfactant was added to the coating solution, and the mixture was dried by coating to prepare planographic printing plates C and D of the present invention, respectively.

Further, as a lithographic printing plate of Comparative Example B, 100% of carboxymethyl cellulose was added to the core coating solution of Comparative Example A.
g / m ² . Immediately after production of these four types of lithographic printing plates and at 50 ° C and 80% relative humidity
After storage for 5 days under the conditions described above, image exposure was performed using a plate making camera having an image reversing mechanism, and development processing was performed at 30 ° C. for 1 minute using the following silver complex salt diffusion transfer developer.

<Transfer developer> Water 700 ml Potassium hydroxide 20 g Anhydrous sodium sulfite 50 g 2-mercaptobenzoic acid 1.5 g 2-methylaminoethanol 15 g Water is added to make 1 liter. After the development processing, the original plate was passed between two squeezing rollers to remove excess developer, and immediately processed with a neutralizing solution having the following composition at 25 ° C. for 20 seconds. And dried.

<Neutralizing solution> Water 600 ml Citric acid 10 g Sodium citrate 35 g Colloidal silica (20% solution) 5 ml Ethylene glycol 5 ml Add water to make 1 liter. The lithographic printing plate created by the above operation is mounted on an offset printing machine, and the following desensitizing solution is applied to the plate surface,
Printing was performed using the following humidifying solution.

<Desensitizing solution> Water 600 ml Isopropyl alcohol 400 ml Ethylene glycol 50 g 3-mercapto-4-acetamido-5-n-heptyl-1,2,4-triazole 1 g

<Humidifying liquid> o-phosphoric acid 10 g nickel nitrate 5 g sodium nitrite 5 g ethylene glycol 100 g colloidal silica (20% liquid) 28 g Water is added to make 2 liters.

The printing machine is an Abdick 350CD
(The trademark of an offset printing machine manufactured by AB Dick Co., Ltd.), and the number of prints when the image cannot be printed due to image fouling due to background stain on the non-image area and missing silver image area. It was determined based on the evaluation criteria. ○ 10,000 to 20,000 sheets △ 5,000 to 10,000 sheets × 2,000 to 5,000 sheets The printing results are shown in Table 1.

On the other hand, in order to check the water retention (ground stain) in the non-image area, Dai Nippon Ink F Gloss Purple 68S was used as the ink.
AB Dick 350 using water as a humidifier
The number of prints when the CD was soiled and became unusable for printing was determined according to the following evaluation criteria. ○ 3000 sheets or more △ 300 to 3000 sheets × 1 to 300 sheets The printing results are shown in Table 1.

In the above evaluation of the printing durability, a test for ink application was also performed at the same time. Table 1 shows the evaluation based on the number of inks applied.

[0037]

[Table 1]

From the above results, it was confirmed that the use of the colloidal silica or alumina sol of the present invention was excellent in various printing properties, particularly excellent water retention, and also excellent in stability over time.

[0039] bi and acrylamide No.3 as nuclei coating solution (polymer described in Example 2 of Example 2 JP 53 -21602 Patent Publication
Using added to adjust the solution so that the hydroquinone as a developing agent comprising a copolymer of sulfonyl imidazole in included) at a rate of 0.8 g / m ² of alumina sol of Example 1 to 0.1 g / m ² Except for this, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The lithographic printing plate E of the present invention exhibited excellent water retention, and it was revealed that the planographic printing plate E had high water retention, which is the object of the present invention.

[0040]

According to the present invention, the water retention of a lithographic printing plate to which a silver complex salt diffusion transfer method is applied can be remarkably improved.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G03F 7/07, 7/11

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lithographic printing plate comprising a support and at least a silver halide emulsion layer and physical development nuclei coated thereon, wherein the surface layer of the lithographic printing plate has a colloid having a particle size of 5 to 300 nm. A lithographic printing material comprising a layer containing at least one dal silica or alumina sol.