JP2910999B1 - Shochu manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a shochu production apparatus using biogas produced by decomposing shochu lees at a microbial activation temperature by anaerobic microorganisms on a hollow cylindrical carrier and using as a distillation heat source. SOLUTION: Starch raw material is fermented into moromi, and moromi is put into a still pot 1 and distilled to make shochu spirit. A fixed bed 3 is provided in a reaction tank 4 in which hollow cylindrical carriers 2 made of glass fiber or carbon fiber and having anaerobic microorganisms attached thereto are vertically arranged. A cooler 5 is provided connected to the still 1 and the reaction tank 4,
The shochu lees 16 in the still 1 is cooled to the activation temperature of the anaerobic microorganism and sent to the reaction tank 4. Biogas-fired steam generator 6
Is connected to the reaction tank 4. The shochu lees 16 remaining after the distillation is decomposed in the reaction tank 4 and the biogas generated during the decomposition is burned in the steam generator 6 to generate steam for heating the still 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing shochu, and more particularly to an energy-saving and resource-saving method of decomposing shochu lees discharged as distillation waste liquid during shochu production and recovering biogas generated during the decomposition as energy. Low-cost shochu manufacturing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An outline of a shochu production process will be described with reference to FIG. Shochu is produced using starchy raw materials 10 such as sweet potato, barley, rice, and buckwheat. For example, sweet potato shochu uses sweet potato and rice as raw materials. In the actual process, first, the raw rice 11 is steamed, and the seed koji is added to the koji 12 for starch saccharification.
And ferment it with yeast. Usually, cooling is performed by, for example, cold water from a cold water tank 25 so that the fermentation is stabilized. This is called primary preparation, and the result is Sake Mom 13
Say

[0003] On the other hand, starchy raw material 10 such as sweet potato is washed, steamed and ground, mixed with sake brewer 13 and fermented. This is called secondary preparation, and what is completed is called moromi14. Sake mother 13
As in the case of (1), the moromi 14 is also cooled by cold water from the cold water tank 25 so as to stabilize the fermentation. The fully fermented moromi 14 is distilled in the still 1, and the condensed water obtained by cooling the evaporation containing alcohol with cooling water is referred to as the original sake 15. The raw sake 15 is stored and aged to produce a product.

In the case of potato shochu, the distillation still 1 is heated to 80 to 100 ° C. in order to perform distillation at normal pressure. As a heat source for this purpose, conventionally, steam generated from a steam generator 6 (see FIG. 1) such as a boiler using fuel oil A or the like as a fuel is used.
The shochu lees 16 (FIG. 1)
See). The shochu lees 16 contains a high concentration of organic substances other than alcohol and suspended solids (SS) such as fiber of sweet potato.

[0005] Shochu lees 16 is an industrial waste containing high concentrations of organic matter and suspended solids, and three methods have conventionally been used for the treatment thereof. That is, (a) a method of concentrating and burning high-concentration organic substances and suspended solids (combustion method), (b) a method of separating suspended solids and then performing methane fermentation (methane fermentation method), and (c) an organic substance Is composting (composting method).

[0006]

However, the conventional method for producing shochu has the following problems.

(1) Conventional shochu production involves a heat source for distillation and a device for cooling the primary and secondary charges, for example, a cooling facility such as a chilled water tank and a refrigerator for cooling water stored therein. Energy consumption, such as fuel resources and electricity, was high. For this reason, measures for resource and energy saving are required for the entire shochu production process, and there is a demand for resource and energy saving for the treatment of shochu lees, which is waste.

(2) Although the above-mentioned method of burning shochu lees can surely process the organic matter, the shochu lees contain 90% or more of water. Required and running costs increase. In addition, during combustion, there is a possibility that pollutants such as dioxin and the like may be generated as well as a large amount of carbon dioxide which causes a global warming phenomenon. For this reason, severe operating conditions are required to prevent the generation of carbon dioxide and pollutants. Due to these conditions, the cost of the combustion device is also high in terms of operating costs.

(3) The methane fermentation method described above has the features of requiring no power to send air because it is anaerobic fermentation, having little excess sludge, and being able to recover by-product biogas as energy. It is suitable for treating wastewater containing high concentrations of organic matter.

However, in the conventional methane fermentation method of shochu lees shown in FIG. 6, high-concentration solids contained in the shochu lees 16 coming out of the distillation still 1 cause clogging in the bioreactor 30 for methane fermentation. There have been problems such as difficulty in operating the cake processing device. In other words, in the waste liquid obtained by distilling the raw liquor 15 as a product, a large amount of solid content such as fibrous material and skin in raw materials such as potato, barley, buckwheat, and rice, which are starch raw materials 10 of shochu, remains. In the fixed-bed bioreactor 30 used in conventional methane fermentation, the solids in the shochu lees block the gaps between the anaerobic microbial carriers, the fermentation liquor short-circuits, does not sufficiently contact the microorganisms, and the fermentation is incomplete. There was a case. Fluidized bed type and UA
In the SB type bioreactor 30, the bioreactor 30
Solids accumulate inside, and as a result, microbial particles (granules) (not shown) flow out of the bioreactor 30 and the concentration of the microorganisms in the bioreactor 30 decreases, resulting in a phenomenon that fermentation becomes incomplete. I was

For this reason, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 6, the solid content of the shochu lees 16 is removed in advance by a centrifugal separator 18 or the like before the treatment in the bioreactor 30, and the stock solution from which the solid content has been separated is stored in the stock solution tank 19. The stock solution stored and stored in the stock solution tank 19 is processed by the bioreactor 30. In this case, the cost of equipment and operation of the centrifuge 18 and the stock solution tank 19, and the cost of processing the separated solids increase, and the advantages of energy saving and low running cost, which are advantages of methane fermentation, cannot be used. There was a point.

(4) The above-mentioned composting method of shochu lees treatment requires a large amount of air to maintain the microorganisms because it is treated with aerobic microorganisms, which increases running costs.
Further, since odor is generated, a deodorizing device is required, and the cost of the device increases.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing shochu using biogas produced by decomposing shochu lees at a microbial activation temperature by anaerobic microorganisms on a hollow cylindrical carrier and using as a distillation heat source.

[0014]

With reference to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 3, a shochu production apparatus according to the present invention is a shochu production apparatus in which a starch material is fermented and then distilled to produce shochu raw liquor. A kettle 1, a reaction tank 4 with a fixed bed 3 in which hollow tubular carriers 2 made of glass fiber or carbon fiber and having anaerobic microorganisms attached thereto are connected vertically, and a distillation pot connected to the distillation tank 1 and the reaction tank 4 1 is provided with a cooler 5 that cools the shochu lees 16 in the reactor 1 to the activation temperature of the microorganism and sends the shochu lees 16 to the reaction tank 4, and a biogas combustion type steam generator 6 connected to the reaction tank 4. Is decomposed in the reaction tank 4 and the steam for heating the distillation still 1 is generated by burning the biogas generated during the decomposition.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The operation of the shochu producing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. The hollow cylindrical carrier 2 of the fixed bed 3 in the present invention is made of glass fiber or carbon fiber excellent in capturing and supporting microorganisms, and is preferably a hollow cylindrical member made of a nonwoven fabric thereof.

Glass fibers or carbon fibers are excellent in capturing anaerobic microorganisms. In particular, they can efficiently capture and carry anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms, which were conventionally considered to be difficult to fix to carriers. it can. 50 anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms
It is a microorganism that shows high activity at ~ 60 ° C, has about twice the activity of conventional anaerobic medium-temperature microorganisms whose temperature is around 36-38 ° C, and efficiently removes solids in the liquid to be treated. Can be disassembled. Preferably, the anaerobic microorganism used in the present invention is an anaerobic high-temperature microorganism, for example, a high-temperature methanogen. However, the present invention is not limited to the use of anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms.

The hollow cylindrical carrier 2 illustrated in FIG. 3 is a hollow cylindrical body having a diameter of 1 to 10 cm made of glass fiber or carbon fiber cloth.
The porous peripheral wall 22 is formed, and the hollow cylindrical body 21 is supported by a frame 23 having a shape retaining ability in a circumferential direction and an axial direction to form a carrier. The anaerobic microorganisms adhere to the peripheral wall of the hollow cylindrical body 21 made of glass fiber or carbon fiber until the thickness becomes several mm, and when the thickness exceeds the thickness, excessive microorganisms are used to clean the biogas generated in the hollow cylindrical carrier 2. Due to the action, it is always peeled off, and the inside of the hollow cylindrical carrier 2 is hardly blocked. Therefore, even if the shochu lees 16 contains a large amount of suspended solids,
Blockage of the hollow cylindrical carrier 2 does not actually occur.

The fact that the hollow cylindrical carrier 2 is not blocked by the suspended solids of the shochu lees 16 has five important effects of the present invention. As a direct first action, the centrifugal separator 18, which was conventionally indispensable for preventing carrier blockage, becomes unnecessary,
Enables miniaturization and easy maintenance of shochu manufacturing equipment,
Further reduce equipment costs.

Second, since the solids in the shochu lees 16 flow without staying in the carrier and decompose by repeated contact with anaerobic microorganisms, the amount of biogas generated increases, and the amount of energy recovered increases. . The recovered energy can be used for other purposes unrelated to the shochu lees treatment.

Third, the residual sludge after the treatment of the shochu lees 16 is reduced.

Fourth, by utilizing the energy of the biogas as a heat source for heating the distillation still 1 and a heat source for the adsorption refrigerator, the fuel cost can be reduced and the operating cost can be reduced. To use biogas, a method of burning as a fuel of the steam generator 6 and heating the adsorption refrigerator for the distillation still 1 or the chilled water tank 25 with a steam output, a method of using the fuel as a fuel for a fuel cell or a gas generator, and its electric power A method of using the output for electric equipment of a shochu manufacturing apparatus is conceivable.

Fifth, since the biogas generated in the apparatus is used instead of the conventional fossil fuel, not only the resource saving effect of reducing the finite resource consumption but also the global warming is caused. the generation amount of carbon dioxide which contributes to reduction reduces CO ₂ by unused amount fossil fuels. When biogas generated in the device is burned, CO ₂ is also generated, but even if it is used for other purposes without burning shochu lees, it will eventually generate CO ₂ , so as a whole, fossil fuel The use of biogas as an alternative can reduce CO _{2 by the} equivalent of fossil fuels.

These effects were confirmed by experiments.

[Experiment 1] Referring to FIG. 5, four glass fiber hollow cylindrical carriers 2 having an inner diameter of 30 mm and a length of 600 mm were loaded into a demonstration bioreactor 30 having an effective capacity of 3 liters, and potato shochu was prepared. Shochu lees 16 were treated with anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms for 50 days. Table 1 shows the average value of the results of the treatment experiments with a COD (chemical oxygen demand) volume load of 15 kg / m ³ days. High removal rates were obtained for both COD and SS (suspended solids). An average of 43 liters of biogas was generated per liter of shochu lees. The composition of the biogas was 60% methane and 40% carbon dioxide on average.

In FIG. 5, the biogas from the bioreactor 30 is treated by the desulfurizer 32 and then guided to the outside. Shochu lees 16 are circulated in bioreactor 30 and receiving tank 31 by circulator 7 such as a circulating pump. The reason for using the circulator 7 is to make the shochu lees 6 flow along the carrier 2 to increase the contact with the anaerobic microorganisms and promote the decomposition thereof. The treated water E after the treatment is taken out of the receiving tank 31 to the outside.

[0026]

[Table 1]Table 1 Average removal rate of organic matter  Item Potato shochu lees (mg / liter) Treated water (mg / liter) Removal rate (%) T-CODcr * 85,000 11,200 86.8 S-CODcr ** 39,800 5,700 85.7 SS 31,700 2,300 92.7 *: Total CODcr (chemical oxygen demand **: Soluble CODcr (chemical oxygen demand)

[Experiment 2] 700 glass fiber hollow cylindrical carriers 2 having an inner diameter of 60 mm and a length of 1000 mm were loaded into a bioreactor 30 for demonstration having an effective volume of 2500 liters, and the anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms in potato shochu lees 16 were used. A fermentation demonstration experiment was performed for 150 days. C
Table 2 shows the average value of the results of treatment experiments at an OD volume load of 15 kg / m ³ days.
Shown in In this demonstration experiment, a high removal rate was obtained. Biogas was generated at an average of 40 liters per liter of shochu lees. The average composition of the biogas was 60% methane and 40% carbon dioxide.

[Experiment 3] Using the bioreactor of Experiment 1, the potato shochu lees 16 in which SS was settled and removed, and the potato shochu lees containing SS
Fermentation with anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms was performed for 16 and the amount of biogas generated was compared. The same shochu lees 16 as in Experiment 1 were used. In the shochu lees from which SS was removed, 24 liters (65% methane, 35% carbon dioxide) of biogas was generated per liter of shochu lees. For shochu lees 16 containing SS, 43 liters per liter of shochu lees (60% methane, 4 carbon dioxide)
0%) of biogas generated and 1.7% of shochu lees from which SS was removed
Biogas was more than doubled.

[0029]

[Table 2]Table 2 Average removal rate of organic matter  Item Potato shochu lees (mg / liter) Treated water (mg / liter) Removal rate (%) T-CODcr 79,800 20,500 74.2 S-CODcr 52,300 10,100 80.5 T-BOD * 42,000 9,300 77.7 S-BOD ** 36,100 5,200 85.6 SS 29,000 9,200 68.2 *: Total BOD (biological oxygen demand) **: Soluble BOD (biological oxygen demand)

As is apparent from the above description of operation, constitution of means and experimental results, according to the present invention, the energy of shochu lees treatment is reduced, and the production of shochu with reduced centrifuge equipment and fossil fuel resources is achieved. An apparatus can be provided.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to achieve "providing an apparatus for producing shochu using biogas produced by decomposing shochu lees at the microbial activation temperature by anaerobic microorganisms on a hollow cylindrical carrier" as a distillation heat source. Can be.

[0032]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a shochu producing apparatus according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the discharged amount of shochu lees 16 is 100 tons / day, and the whole amount is treated in the reaction tank 4 by fermentation with anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms. The reaction tank 4 is provided with a fixed bed 3 composed of a plurality of hollow cylindrical carriers 2 arranged vertically. Undecomposed organic matter that cannot be fermented is finally treated by the activated sludge treatment apparatus 20, and purified water is discharged as treated water. If the shochu lees is 100 tons, about 4000 m ^{3 of} by-product biogas is generated. The composition of the biogas is methane 60%, carbon dioxide 40%
And has a calorific value of about 5200 kcal / m ³ . Therefore, about 2,080
Heat can be recovered at a rate of 10,000 kcal / day.

The biogas is temporarily stored in the gas holder 8,
The heat source of the steam generator 6 is used. The reason for using the biogas holder 8 is to make it possible to control the supply of biogas to the steam generator 6. The steam from the steam generator 6 is stored in the steam accumulator 9 and is used for the heat source of the still 1 and the hot water tank. The hot water in the hot water tank is used for the adsorption refrigerator. The refrigerator is used for cooling and quality control of the primary charging and the secondary charging.

In the case of a shochu production system in which shochu lees 16 is discharged at a scale of 100 tons / day, the calorie consumption is about 40 million kcal / day, and about 50% of this calorie is biogas generated in the shochu production apparatus. Can be supplemented by: In this case, it is possible to greatly reduce heavy fuel oil A conventionally used, which can contribute to a reduction in running costs of shochu production and a reduction in the amount of carbon dioxide generated.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of the cooler 5 for the shochu lees 16 in the still 1. The shochu lees 16 is sent via the heat exchanger 26 to the reaction vessel 4, which in this case is a bioreactor,
Cooling water is sent to the heat exchanger 26 via a flow control valve 28. The cooling water can be taken, for example, from a cold water source such as the cold water tank 25 of FIG. By using the cooling water from the cold water source, the size of the cooler 5 can be reduced and the cooling of the shochu lees 16 can be promoted, so that the speed of supplying the shochu lees 16 to the reaction tank 4 can be increased.

Preferably, a thermometer 27 is provided in the reaction tank 4 to detect the temperature of the shochu lees 16 in the reaction tank 4 and adjust the regulating valve 28 in accordance with the detected temperature, so that the heat exchanger 26 Control the degree of cooling. When the anaerobic microorganism in the reaction tank 4 is an anaerobic high-temperature microorganism, the temperature of the shochu lees 16 in the reaction tank 4 is set to the activation temperature of the anaerobic high-temperature microorganism, for example,
Control at 50-60 ° C. However, the cooler 5 in the present invention
Is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, it is possible to use the cooler 5 in which cold water is injected into the shochu lees 16 and the temperature is adjusted by controlling the injection ratio.

[0037]

As described above, the apparatus for producing shochu of the present invention decomposes shochu lees using anaerobic microorganisms attached to a hollow cylindrical carrier made of glass fiber or carbon fiber, and produces the decomposition product. Since the biogas is used for various types of heating, the following remarkable effects are achieved.

(A) Since shochu lees can be methane fermented without separating and removing high-concentration suspended solids (SS) contained in shochu lees, the features of methane fermentation can be exploited, and equipment cost and cost can be reduced. Running costs are also reduced. (B) Biogas generated in large quantities by methane fermentation can be used as fuel for steam boilers used in shochu production systems, thereby reducing the consumption of fossil fuels, which has been indispensable in the past. The generation of carbon dioxide, which causes global warming, can also be reduced. (C) Anaerobic high-temperature microorganisms can be used, and the use of high-temperature microorganisms can further enhance the efficiency of decomposition of shochu lees and production of shochu. (D) Since suspended solids (SS) contained in shochu lees are simultaneously subjected to methane fermentation, the amount of suspended solids can be reduced and excess sludge is reduced. In addition, the amount of biogas generation increases and the amount of energy recovery also increases. (E) Since shochu lees are not burned, there is no generation of pollutants such as dioxin.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an example of a shochu lees cooler used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a structure of a carrier.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a shochu production process.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a verification test system.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Distillation pot 2 ... Hollow cylindrical body 3 ... Fixed bed 4 ... Reaction tank 5 ... Cooler 6 ... Heat source device (steam generator) 7 ... Circulator 8 ... Biogas holder 9 ... Steam accumulator 10 ... Starch Raw material 11 ... Rice rice 12 ... Koji 13 ... Sake mother 14 ... Moromi 16 ... Shochu lees 18 ... Centrifuge 19 ... Stock solution tank 20 ... Activated sludge treatment equipment 21 ... Hollow cylindrical body 22 ... Porous peripheral wall 23 ... Frame body 25 ... Cold water Tank 26 ... Heat exchanger 27 ... Thermometer 28 ... Flow control valve

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masahiro Tatara 2-9-1-1, Tobita-Shi, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Shonan Takahashi 4-28, Shimokawahigashi 4-28, Miyakonojo Inside Kirishima Sake Brewery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuyuki Moriyama 4-28, Shimokawahigashi 4-28, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki Pref. Inside Kirishima Sake Brewery Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-10-5718 (JP, A) JP Hei 7-80435 (JP, A) JP-A-4-200700 (JP, A) Journal of the Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 55 (2), p. 85-92, 1993 (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C12G 3/12 C12F 3/10 C02F 3/28 B09B 3/00

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shochu production apparatus in which a starch material is fermented and then distilled to produce a shochu spirit. In a shochu production apparatus, a hollow cylindrical carrier made of glass fiber or carbon fiber and having anaerobic microorganisms attached thereto is vertically arranged. A reaction tank with a fixed bed arranged side by side, a cooler connected to the distillation still and the reaction tank and cooling the shochu lees in the distillation still to the activation temperature of the microorganism and sending it to the reaction tank, and the reaction tank With a connected biogas combustion type steam generator, the shochu lees remaining after distillation is decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms in the reaction tank and the steam for heating the distillation still is generated by burning the biogas generated during the decomposition. Shochu manufacturing equipment. 2. The shochu according to claim 1, further comprising a cold water tank connected to said cooler, wherein said shochu lees is cooled by mixing with said cold water from said cold water tank or exchanging heat with said cold water. Manufacturing equipment. 3. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the liquid to be treated is provided in the reaction tank, and a flow rate regulating valve for cold water is provided in the cooler, and the temperature of the thermometer is controlled according to the output of the thermometer. An apparatus for producing shochu, wherein the temperature of the liquid to be treated in the reaction tank is controlled to the activation temperature of the microorganism by adjusting the flow rate control valve. 4. An apparatus for producing shochu according to claim 1, wherein said anaerobic microorganism is an anaerobic high-temperature microorganism exhibiting activity at a high temperature. 5. The shochu production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a circulator for fluid in the reaction tank connected to the reaction tank. 6. A shochu production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a biogas holder is provided between said reaction tank and a biogas combustion type steam generator.