JP2906140B1 - Design method of prefabricated building - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the trouble of repeatedly calculating a D value of a brace, thereby enabling a quick design. SOLUTION: A list displaying each type of unit brace structure included in the prefabricated building and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto is prepared, and using the D value of this list,
The stress of the brace 3, the rigidity position of each floor, the degree of twist, the interlayer deformation angle and the eccentricity are calculated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for designing a prefabricated building employing a brace structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the design of a prefabricated building, generally, a shear force distribution coefficient (D value) of a brace structure formed between adjacent columns is calculated every time it is necessary, and the calculated value is used to calculate the stress of the brace. The rigidity and twist of each floor, the interlayer deformation angle and the eccentricity are determined.

[0003]

The standardization of the components of prefabricated buildings is progressing. In particular, about 20 to 40 types of brace structures formed between pillars exist for each specific company that handles prefabricated buildings. It just does.

[0004] Nevertheless, calculating the D value of the brace structure every time the structure is calculated is a waste of time because the same calculation is repeated.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to efficiently design a prefabricated building employing a brace structure.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a list is prepared which displays each type of unit brace structure included in a prefabricated building and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto. The D-values in this list are used to calculate the brace stress, the rigidity position of each floor, the degree of twist, the interlayer deformation angle and the eccentricity.

In the design of a prefabricated building, there are a large number of numerical values obtained using the D value, such as the stress of the brace, the rigidity position of each floor, the degree of twist, the interlayer deformation angle and the eccentricity. By using the D values in the list, these numerical values can be calculated without repeatedly calculating the D values.

When a prefabricated building is mechanically designed by a computer, each type of unit brace structure included in the building structure and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto are stored in the machine, and this storage is performed. Using the obtained D value,
Calculation of brace stress, rigidity position of each floor, degree of twist, interlayer deformation angle and eccentricity is performed.

Alternatively, a list is prepared in which the types of the unit brace structures included in the building structure and the predetermined D values corresponding thereto are prepared, and the D values in this list are required. The above calculation may be performed by inputting the information to a computer accordingly. In the case of such a computer design, numerical values such as the brace stress, the rigidity position of each floor, the degree of torsion, the interlayer deformation angle and the eccentricity are:
By using the D value stored in the computer or the D value in the list, the D value is calculated without repeatedly calculating the D value.

In the above invention, the unit brace structure is one in a rectangular frame composed of two adjacent columns, an upper beam connected between upper ends of these columns, and a lower beam connected between lower ends thereof. And the D value indicates the magnitude of a lateral load acting on the upper beam of the unit brace structure and causing a unit horizontal displacement in the upper beam. The prefabricated building of the present invention includes a one-story house or a two-story detached house in addition to a warehouse.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a brace structure of a simple prefabricated building, in which A is a plan view and B is a side view showing one side thereof. As shown in this figure, the brace structure of a prefabricated building is simplified as a structure including a plurality of columns 1, beams 2 connecting the columns, and a brace 3 disposed between the columns 1, 1.

In the structural design of this building, the connecting points of the members 1, 2, and 3 are treated as being pin-connected.

By the way, a prefabricated building is manufactured in advance in a factory in which a structural element is manufactured. Generally, in order to reduce the labor of the work and shorten the construction period, for example,
Standardization and unification are made as much as possible.

For example, in a prefabricated building handled by one specific contractor, the height and the spacing s of the pillars 1 may use the specified one dimension or may be any of several types prepared in advance. The brace structure (unit brace structure) shown in FIG. 2 which is selected and used and is one unit when calculating the D value is an appropriate one from about 20 to 40 kinds prepared in advance. Is selected for use.

In the present invention, in view of such circumstances, for example, each type of unit brace structure which may be used by one or more specific contractors, and a predetermined D value corresponding to each type. Then, a list displaying the above is created.

In this case, the unit brace structure means a structure in a side view as shown in FIG. 2, that is, basically, as shown in FIG. 1
A structure in which one brace 3 is provided in a rectangular frame composed of an upper beam 2a connecting the upper ends of these columns 1 and 1 and a lower beam 2b connecting the lower ends thereof. In addition, FIG.
A two-stage brace as shown in FIG. This is provided with a center beam 2c.

The D value indicates the magnitude of a horizontal load P required to act on the upper beam 2a of the unit brace structure B to cause a unit horizontal displacement in the upper beam 2a. This D value is calculated as follows. In FIG. 2, the distance between adjacent columns is s (cm), and the height of columns is h (c).
m) and the length of the brace is ι (cm), Equation 1 is established. Further, if the included angle between the brace 3 and the lower beam 2b is θ, Equation 2 is established.

[0018]

(Equation 1)

[0019]

(Equation 2)

Now, assuming that a 1-ton horizontal load P acts on the left end of the upper beam 2a, the tension T acting on the brace 3 is obtained by the following equation (3).

[0021]

(Equation 3)

Next, the elongation δ of the brace 3 due to the tension T
Is obtained from Hook's law σ = E · ε as shown in Expression 4. Here, σ is stress, E is longitudinal modulus, and ε is strain. In Formula 4, A is the cross-sectional area of the brace.
Therefore, the horizontal displacement d of the upper beam 2a corresponding to the elongation δ of the brace 3 is expressed by the following equation (5).

[0023]

(Equation 4)

[0024]

(Equation 5)

Since this horizontal displacement is for a horizontal load P of 1 ton, the horizontal load P when the horizontal displacement d has a unit size of 1 cm is given by the following equation (6). The magnitude of the horizontal load P gives the D value.

[0026]

(Equation 6)

A specific list of D values is, for example, as shown in FIG. In this list, the type of unit brace structure is specified by the brace diameter, the cross-sectional area of the brace, the interval between adjacent columns and the column height, and the type of any one unit brace structure and its D The values are displayed on one horizontal line.

In the present invention, the calculation of the primary design and the secondary design of the building structure is performed using the D values in the above list. In the primary design, for example, the following calculation is performed.

1) The size of the brace 3 is determined for each floor. Generally, a plurality of unit brace structures are mixed on each floor of a building. These unit brace structures may be of the same type or of different types. Here, the size of the brace of each unit brace structure is determined.

[0030] Now, when the total horizontal load calculation direction Acting particular floor and is W, horizontal load P _j acting on specific unit brace of that floor is calculated from the following equation (1) I do. P _j = (D _j / ΣD _i ) W (1) The force T _j acting on the brace 3 is given by the following (2)
It is calculated from the formula. T _j = (D _j / ΣD _i ) W · (1 / cos θ) (2)

Here, ΣD _i is the sum of all the D values of the seismic elements (unit brace structure) in the calculation direction existing on the floor to be calculated, and D _j is the value of P _j or T _j to be determined. This is the D value of the unit brace structure.

[0032] In the calculation of the P _j or T _j reads the value of D _i and D _j from the list, which (1) so as to assign to the formula and (2) below.

The concrete structure shown in FIG. 1, the P _j
Alternatively, a calculation example of T _j will be described. That is, the calculation is performed separately in the X direction and the Y direction.
Only the calculation of the direction will be described. There are two unit brace structures B1 and B2 that provide resistance to the horizontal load W. Therefore, these two unit brace structures B
The D values corresponding to the respective types 1 and B2 are read from the list. Now, the D value of the unit brace structure B1 is D1,
It is assumed that the D value of D2 is D2.

In this case, the horizontal load P1 acting on the upper beam of B1 is P1 = D1 · W / (D1 + D2), and B2
The horizontal load P2 acting on the upper beam is: P2 = D2 · W /
(D1 + D2). And the force T1 acting on the brace of B1 is T1 = (D1.W / (D1 + D2)) ×
1 / cos θ, and the force T acting on the brace of B2
2 is T2 = (D2 · W / (D1 + D2)) × 1 / co
sθ. When T1 and T2 are obtained in this manner, the stress acting on the brace 3 at B1 and B2 is specified, and the appropriateness of the size of the brace 3 is determined.

2) For a building that is twisted because the type and arrangement of the unit brace structure are asymmetric, the degree of twisting of each floor is determined. In this case, the center of gravity and the rigidity of the floor to be calculated are obtained, and the magnitude of these deviations is obtained.

Now, assuming that the D value in the direction orthogonal to the calculation direction of the seismic element (unit brace structure) on the specific floor is D _i and the distance in the calculation direction from the specific point is X _i , the calculation from the specific point of the rigidity is performed. The distance l in the direction is calculated from the following equation (3). ι = Σ (D _i · X _i ) / ΣD _i (3) In the above calculation of ι, read the D value from the list,
This is substituted into equation (3).

An example of calculation of the above-mentioned rigidity will be described for the specific structure shown in FIG. That is, calculation is separately performed in the X direction and the Y direction. Here, for convenience of explanation, only the calculation in the Y direction will be described.

There are two unit brace structures B1 and B2 that resist horizontal load in the X direction. Therefore, the D values corresponding to each type of these two unit brace structures B1 and B2 are read from the list.

As described above, the unit brace structure B1
Is D1 and the D value of B2 is D2. The coordinate value ι1 of the rigid center in the Y direction is ι1 = (D1 · 0 + D2 · 2 · a)
/ (D1 + D2). The rigidity obtained in this way,
When the deviation from the previous center of gravity in the calculation direction is large, the building twists greatly around the rigid center.

3) If it is determined that the deviation is large, a correction coefficient α is calculated. To calculate the correction coefficient α, the D value of the unit brace structure in the calculation direction and the D value in the calculation direction
The second moment around the center of rigidity of the value, the second moment around the center of rigidity of the D value in the direction orthogonal to the calculation direction, and the like are used. In this case, the necessary D value is read from a list.

With respect to the specific structure shown in FIG. 1, a calculation example of the correction coefficient α will be described. That is, calculation is separately performed in the X direction and the Y direction. For convenience of description, only the calculation in the X direction will be described.

The correction coefficient α is α = 1 + ((D1 + D2)
・ E / (JX + JY)) ・ y Here, e is the magnitude in the Y direction of the deviation between the rigidity and the center of gravity, JX is the second moment around the rigidity of D1 and D2, and JY is D3
, And D4 are the second moments around the center of rigidity, and y is obtained by subtracting the coordinate value ι1 in the Y direction of the core from the coordinate value Yi in the Y direction of the unit brace structure related to α.

When the correction coefficient α becomes a value that is more than a certain distance from 1, the arrangement of the unit brace structure is changed, or the existing unit brace structure is replaced with one having a different D value. Then, the above-described series of calculations is performed again to determine the correction coefficient α, and such processing is repeated until the correction coefficient α becomes an allowable value.

Next, in the secondary design, the following calculation is performed. 1) The interlayer deformation angle (column inclination) γ is calculated. Since the interlayer deformation angle is specified by the Building Standards Law to be 1/200 or less, it is calculated to test this.

Assuming that the horizontal load acting on a specific floor in the calculation direction is W, the D value in the calculation direction of the seismic element (unit brace structure) is D _i , and the height of the column is h, the interlayer deformation angle γ is It is calculated from the following equation (4). γ = (W / ΣD _i ) / h (4) In the calculation of γ, the D value is read from the list, and
(4) Substitute in equation.

With respect to the specific structure shown in FIG. 1, a calculation example of the interlayer deformation angle γ will be described. That is, the calculation is performed separately in the X direction and the Y direction.
Only the calculation of the direction will be described.

There are two unit brace structures B1 and B2 that resist horizontal load in the X direction. Therefore, the D values corresponding to each type of these two unit brace structures are read from the above-mentioned list as described above.

Now, the total horizontal load in the calculation direction is W, the D value of the unit brace structure B1 is D1, the D value of B2 is D2, and the height of the column is h. Therefore, the interlayer deformation angle γ1 is given by γ1 =
(W1 / (D1 + D2)) / h. The interlayer deformation angle γ1 thus obtained is also used for calculating the rigidity.

2) Calculate the eccentricity Re. The eccentricity Re is also calculated for verification by the Building Standards Law.

The eccentricity Re refers to the ratio of the difference between the center of gravity and the rigidity of the specific floor in the calculation direction to the elastic radius re related to the calculation direction of the specific floor, and has a specific structure shown in FIG. Is calculated for each of the X direction and the Y direction.

At this time, the elastic radius re is calculated by calculating the D value of the unit brace structure in the calculation direction, the secondary moment around the D value in the calculation direction, and the D value in the direction perpendicular to the calculation direction. It uses the secondary moment around it,
In this case, the necessary D value is read from the list.

The calculation as described above is performed in the same manner for a building having only one floor or a building having a plurality of floors without any fundamental difference. In addition, there is an advantage that even a building such as a warehouse where the same structure tends to be mass-produced or a single-family house with individually different specifications can be quickly designed using the list. However, in the latter case, the necessity of the structural calculation becomes large and the types of the unit brace structure increase, so that the benefit by referring to the list becomes particularly remarkable.

The present invention can be applied to mechanically designing a prefabricated building with a computer. In this case, each type of unit brace structure included in a building handled by a specific contractor and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto are stored in a storage unit of a computer, and the stored D value is used. Then, required calculations such as the brace stress, the rigidity position of each floor, the interlayer deformation angle, and the eccentricity are performed.

Alternatively, it is also possible to prepare the same list as in the previous embodiment, read the necessary D value from this list and input it to the computer to perform the required calculation. .

[0055]

According to the present invention, since the D value of the unit brace structure frequently used in the structural calculation can be obtained from the list, the trouble of repeatedly calculating the D value is unnecessary. Quick design is possible. Specifically, even if braces having different diameters and braces having different D values are mixed on each floor, the force acting on the braces can be immediately obtained, and the brace can be designed very easily.

In particular, the number of types of unit brace structures of prefabricated buildings handled by a specific contractor is relatively small, and is approximately 20 units.
In many cases, it is about 30 to about 30, and therefore, the work of searching for the required D value of the unit brace structure from the list can be performed immediately, further accelerating the design.

According to the second or third aspect, even when the structural calculation is performed by a machine, quick processing is possible.

According to the fourth aspect, the unit brace structure is
When the D value is specified in the design of the brace structure, it matches the structure that is a unit.

According to the fifth aspect, the effect of the present invention is more remarkably exhibited in a single-family house in which the specifications are changed variously depending on the preference of the orderer and structural calculations must be performed frequently. It is done.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 relates to the brace structure of a simple prefabricated building,
A is a plan view, and B is a side view showing one side thereof.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a brace structure, in which A shows a normal structure and B shows a two-stage structure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a list of D values of a brace structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 B1 to B4 Unit brace structure 3 Brace

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A list is prepared in which each type of unit brace structure included in a prefabricated building and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto are prepared, and the D value of the list is used to create a list.
A method for designing a prefabricated building, comprising calculating a stress of a brace, a rigidity position of each floor, a degree of torsion, an interlayer deformation angle and an eccentricity. 2. When a prefabricated building is mechanically designed by a computer, each type of unit brace structure included in the building structure and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto are stored in the machine. A method of designing a prefabricated building, characterized in that the calculated D value is used to calculate the brace stress, the rigidity position of each floor, the degree of torsion, the interlayer deformation angle and the eccentricity. 3. When a prefabricated building is mechanically designed by a computer, a list showing each type of unit brace structure included in the building structure and a predetermined D value corresponding thereto is prepared. The D value of this list is input to a computer as needed, and the calculation of the stress of the brace, the rigidity position of each floor, the degree of torsion, the story deformation angle and the eccentricity is performed. Design method. 4. A unit brace structure is provided with a single brace in a rectangular frame composed of two adjacent columns, an upper beam connected between upper ends of the columns, and a lower beam connected between lower ends of the columns. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the D value indicates a magnitude of a lateral load acting on an upper beam of the brace structure to cause a unit horizontal displacement on the upper beam.
The method for designing a prefabricated building according to 2 or 3. 5. The method for designing a prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the prefabricated building is a detached house.