JP2904368B2 - Indexing device positioning device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an indexing device mounted on a machining table of a machine tool such as a machining center, and more particularly to a positioning device for positioning an indexing table by moving an input shaft in an axial direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A positioning device for an indexing device as described above is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-63-39752. To do this, the push bar is moved up and down by the vertical movement of the main shaft of the machine tool, and the rocking lever is rocked about the rocking shaft by the engagement between the pin at the tip of the push bar and the engaging groove of the rocking lever. In this figure, a positioning pin provided at the center in the longitudinal direction is engaged and disengaged from a meshing claw (positioning locking portion) integral with the indexing table.

[0003]

In the above prior art,
Since the positioning pin is disengaged from the engagement pawl by the swing of the driven lever, a relatively large space is required for the swing lever to swing, and there has been a problem that the entire indexing device becomes large.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides an indexing device in which a positioning pin is disengaged from a positioning locking portion integral with an indexing table by axial movement of an input shaft. In the positioning device, a positioning shaft having a positioning pin at the tip is provided so as to be reciprocable in a direction toward the positioning locking portion, and a transmission shaft intersecting the positioning shaft and the input shaft is reciprocally movable in the axial direction. The input shaft and the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft and the positioning shaft are connected by pins and guide grooves, respectively, so that the former axial movement of each combination is converted into the latter axial movement. .

[0005]

The axial movement of the input shaft is converted into the axial movement of the transmission shaft via the pin and the guide groove, and the axial movement of the transmission shaft is converted into the axial movement of the positioning shaft by the pin and the guide groove. The positioning pin is disengaged from the positioning locking part. Since there is no swing, extra space is reduced.

[0006]

Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the indexing device 1 of the present invention is mounted on a processing table 2 of a machine tool such as a machining center.
Above the indexing device 1, a main shaft 3 that can be rotated forward and backward is provided movably in the XY directions (horizontal direction) and the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) with respect to the surface of the processing table 2. At the lower end of the main shaft 3, a drive adapter 10 having a clutch 11 releasable with forward and reverse rotation input shafts 4, 5 described later is detachably mounted. The drive adapter 10 is held at a predetermined position in the tool magazine while the machining center performs machining on the machining table 2.

The machining center has a so-called rigid tap function as a control function of the main shaft 3, that is, is usually used at the time of drilling a screw hole by synchronizing the number of rotations (rotation angle) of the main shaft 3 with the amount of movement in the axial direction. For each rotation of the integrated tap in the direction and the axial direction, the screw hole is machined down by the screw pitch of the tap in the axial direction, and the screw hole is machined. After machining to the specified depth, the tap stops and then the tap is synchronized in the opposite direction. It has a function to take out the tap from the screw hole by rotating and raising the tap. Therefore, the rotation of the main shaft 3 is the same as that at the time of screw machining, such as right rotation, stop, left rotation, and left rotation, stop, and
Right rotation.

First, the input rotation transmitting mechanism 100 between the input shafts 4 and 5 and the indexing table 47 will be described. In the drawing, 12 is a main body of the indexing device 1, 4 is an input shaft for right-handed screw rotation, and 5 is an input shaft for left-handed screw rotation. 12 is rotatably supported via a pair of bearings 15, 15, 16, 16 incorporated in obstacle members 13, 14 inserted axially in a reciprocating manner in the axial direction. I have.
The support members 13 and 14 are connected to the support members 13 and 14 and the main body 1.
Springs 25, 2 interposed between the two hole stepped portions 12a.
The input shafts 4 and 5 are urged in the clutch direction (upward) by the compression force of 6.

As shown in FIG. 3, a cross groove-shaped clutch 1 which can be disengaged from the clutch 11 is provided at the upper end of the projecting portion.
8, 19 are formed. Drive gears 22, 23 are attached to the lower ends of the input shafts 4, 5 via one-way clutches 20, 21, respectively. When the input shaft 4 is rotated leftward, the one-way clutches 20 and 21 rotate the drive gear 22 integrally with the input shaft 4, and when the input shaft 5 is rotated rightward, the drive gear 22 is integrated with the input shaft 5. When the input shaft 23 rotates and the input shafts 4 and 5 rotate in the opposite directions, the input shafts 4 and 5 idle with respect to the drive gears 22 and 23.

Next, the respective drive gears 22, 2 of the input shafts 4, 5
3 is an orthogonal gear transmission 30 housed inside the body 12
And the driven gear 24 below the worm shaft 31. The worm shaft 31 is rotatably supported via a pair of upper and lower bearings 37 in a worm bearing box 36 integrated with the main body 12. The driven gear 24 is fitted to the lower end of the worm shaft 31 via a key 35 so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction. It is biased upward by 34.

A plate 32 is integrally attached to a lower end of the driven gear 24. Therefore, when one of the input shafts 4 and 5 is lowered by the reciprocation of the main shaft 3 in the Z-axis direction, the lower ends of the drive gears 22 and 23 are engaged with the plate 32, and the driven gear 24 receives the spring force of the spring 34. Drive gears 22 and 23
It is designed to be pressed down while engaging with.

A worm 4 provided in the middle of the worm shaft 31
As shown in FIG. 2, a worm wheel 46 meshing with the worm wheel 5 is integrally fastened to a hollow worm wheel shaft 48 in the main body 12, and the worm wheel shaft 48 is
2 and a bearing 51 fitted in a bearing box 50 of the main body 12 so as to be rotatable. An indexing table 47 is provided at the front end of the worm wheel shaft 48.
A clamp plate 53 having a large number of engaging claws (positioning locking portions) 52 on its outer periphery is integrally fixed to the rear end. Worm 45 and worm wheel 46
In this embodiment, the gear ratio is such that the worm wheel 46 is indexed and rotated 5 degrees by one rotation of the worm 45,
Seventy-two engaging claws 52 are attached to the clamp plate 53 so that the indexing table 47 is positioned at the position equally divided into 72.
Is provided.

Next, the positioning device will be described. FIG.
As shown in FIG.
A positioning shaft 55 is reciprocally slidably inserted in a direction toward the engagement claw 52 in an L-shaped holder 54 fixed to the engagement claw 5.
A positioning pin 56 that is engaged with and disengaged from 2 is integrally formed.
A guide groove 57 oblique to the sliding direction is formed in the lower surface of the notch at the other end of the positioning shaft 55.

A transmission shaft 60 is inserted through the holder 54 in a reciprocating manner in a direction orthogonal to the positioning shaft 55 and intersecting with the input shafts 4 and 5, and is transmitted in the direction of the positioning shaft 55 by a built-in spring 61. The shaft 60 is biased. At one end thereof, a pin 58 is attached with its leading end protruding.
The projection 8 is inserted into the guide groove 57. When the transmission shaft 60 is reciprocated, the positioning shaft 55 is moved in the axial direction by the engagement between the pin 58 and the guide groove 57 of the positioning shaft 55, and the positioning pin 56 and the engaging claw 52 of the clamp plate 53 are disengaged. It is like that.

In FIG. 6, guide pins 62 and 63 are attached to the transmission shaft 60 at positions opposed to the input shafts 4 and 5, respectively, and the distal end is provided between the support members 13 and 14. It is designed to engage with the grooves 64, 65. The guide pins 62, 63 of the transmission shaft 60 are inserted into the guide grooves 64, 65 when the transmission shaft 60 reciprocates.
Guide groove 64, 65 continuous lateral groove 6 so as not to abut against
6,67 are provided. The guide grooves 64, 65 are designed to guide the guide pins 62, 63 to reciprocate the transmission shaft 60 by P in the axial direction when one of the support members 13, 14 is slid in the axial direction. It is.

Next, the correction mechanism of the indexing device 1 will be described. As shown in FIG.
A pair of projecting pieces (movement correcting members) 40 project toward the worm bearing box 36 side at equally divided positions, and the lower end of the worm bearing box 36 built in the main body 12 corresponds to the projecting piece 40 and an indexing reference. A notch (fixed correction member) 41 is provided at the position.
1 can be freely detached.

As described above, when the worm shaft 31 is exactly rotated once (or an integral multiple thereof), the protruding piece 40 and the notch 41 face up and down exactly. When the rotation of the worm shaft 31 is slightly delayed due to the engagement and the delay of the one-way clutches 20 and 21 due to the internal structure, the worm shafts 31 do not face up and down exactly. At this time, the protruding piece 40 is moved in the axial direction, and the axial movement of the protruding piece 40 is converted into the circumferential movement by engagement with the slope 42 of the notch 40 serving as the indexing reference, and the rotation of the worm shaft 31 is delayed. Is corrected so that the worm shaft 31 is positioned at an accurate indexing position.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the above configuration, the index angle θ of the index table 47
Is proportional to the rotation angle of the input shafts 4 and 5. In the rigid tapping function of the machining center, the rotation angle of the main shaft 3 and the amount of movement in the axial direction are synchronized.
The input shafts 4 and 5 are turned by the axial movement amount Z of the
Is determined, and the indexing angle θ of the indexing table 47 is determined.
Is determined. That is, the total reduction ratio from the input shafts 4 and 5 of the indexing device 1 to the indexing table 47 is 1 / r, the tap pitch P,
When the indexing angle of the indexing table is θ, Z = P × θ × r
/ 360.

In this embodiment, Z calculated as θ = 5 degrees (minimum index angle) is a minimum axial movement amount for indexing, and an integral multiple of this movement amount is used as an index angle. The corresponding movement amount Zn is stored in advance in the control device of the machining center. In addition, the stroke L1 of the input shafts 4 and 5 required to remove the clamp plate 53 and the positioning pin 56 and then remove the projection 40 and the notch 41 is also stored in the control device. Therefore, when the index angle θ is changed, the setting can be easily performed with the trouble of only changing the value Zn. Also, since the rotation angle of the main shaft 3 is controlled very accurately by the rigid tapping function, there is no need for wiring or the like for detecting the indexing rotation on the indexing device main body side and sending the signal to the machine tool side for control.

When indexing is performed in such a state, the main shaft 3 is positioned, for example, vertically above the input shaft 4 while the input shafts 4 and 5 are determined in accordance with a program input to the control device. Without this, the clutch 11 of the main shaft 3 and the clutch 18 of the input shaft 4 are fitted. The support member 13 descends together with the input shaft 4 until the main shaft 3 descends and reaches the rotation start position R1 shown in FIG. The pin 62 of the shaft 60 is guided to retract the transmission shaft 60 by P in the axial direction. At this time, the pin 63 moves along the lateral groove 67 on the outer periphery of the support member 14 of the other input shaft 5.

Then, the pin 58 at the tip of the transmission shaft 60 guides the guide groove 57 to move the positioning shaft 55 to the left, whereby the locking between the positioning pin 56 and the clamp plate 53 is released. Further, as the input shaft 4 descends, the lower drive gear 22 contacts the plate 32 to push down the driven gear 24,
After releasing the clamp plate 53 and the pin 56, the projecting piece 4
The engagement between the notch 41 and the notch 41 is released, and the driven gear 24 becomes rotatable. When the spindle 3 reaches the rotation start position R1, the spindle 3 is rotated rightward by the rigid tapping function in synchronization with the rotation angle and the movement amount. This rotation also rotates the input shaft 4 clockwise, but the one-way clutch 20 does not rotate the drive gear 22 and the indexing table 47 does not rotate.

If the clutch 11 does not engage,
The input shaft 4 is pushed in excess by the height of the teeth of the clutch 11, but when the main shaft 3 is rotated clockwise, the two clutches 11 and 18 are immediately engaged at the opposing positions by this rotation. When the input shaft 4 is lowered by L1 + Zn and reaches R2, the main shaft 3 is stopped by the rigid tapping function, and as described above, the main shaft 3 is raised while being rotated leftward in synchronization with the rotation angle and the movement amount. The input shaft 4 is rotated counterclockwise by an amount corresponding to the index angle θ during the axial movement amount Zn until returning to the rotation start position R1,
This rotation is transmitted to the drive gear 22 via the one-way clutch 20, and the rotation of the drive gear 22 is transmitted to the worm wheel 46 of the orthogonal transmission 30 via the driven gear 24 to rotate the index table 47. Let it. At this time, the other input shaft 5 has its drive gear 23 rotated by the driven gear 24 and is rotated at the same time, but there is no support for indexing.

Since the one-way clutch 20 generally has play due to its structure, the drive gear 22 slightly delays the rotation of the input shaft 4, and the rotation of the worm shaft 31 naturally occurs. As a result, when returning to the rotation start position R1, the protruding piece 40 and the notch 41 do not face up and down correctly and are slightly shifted in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft 3 that has stopped rotating at the rotation start position R1 is further raised, the driven gear 24 is pushed up by a spring 34 urged by an axial compressive force, and
Is rotated in the circumferential direction by the slope of the notch 41 of the worm bearing box 36 and fitted into the notch 41 serving as an index reference position to correct the rotation delay of the worm shaft 31.

After the indexing table 47 is accurately positioned at the target indexing position by this correction, the support member 13 whose main shaft 3 has been further raised and pushed down is pushed back upward by the compressive force of the spring 25. The positioning pin 56 of the positioning shaft 55 is moved rightward via the transmission shaft 60 to engage the engaging claw 52 of the clamp plate 53 with the positioning pin 56, and clamp the clamp plate 53 at the indexing position. In this way, the indexing device 1 is positioned by moving the input shaft 4, the transmission shaft 60, and the positioning shaft 55 in the axial direction, so that the configuration is compact and extra space is reduced. Then, after the main shaft 3 is further raised and both clutches 11 and 18 are disengaged, the drive adapter 10 of the main shaft 3 is replaced with a tool used for the next machining at a predetermined tool change position.

When indexing is performed by the input shaft 5, the indexing table 47 is indexed and rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation by the input shaft 4 by controlling left rotation, stop, right rotation and main shaft rotation. Will be. The provision of the two input shafts 4 and 5 that rotate in the opposite direction as described above has an advantage that the indexing rotation angle of the indexing table 47 can be set to 180 degrees or less for each of the input shafts 4 and 5, and short-cut indexing can be performed. However, one input shaft 4 or 5 can be used.

[0026]

As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention,
The axial movement of the input shaft is converted to the axial movement of the transmission shaft via the pin and the guide groove, the axial movement of the transmission shaft is converted to the axial movement of the positioning shaft by the pin and the guide groove, and the positioning pin is locked. Since it is designed to be engaged with and disengaged from the part, an extra space can be reduced as compared with the case of using a swing lever, which greatly contributes to downsizing of the entire indexing device.
Moreover, since the movement of the input shaft is transmitted to the positioning shaft via the transmission shaft, the input shaft can be arranged at a position distant from the positioning shaft by appropriately setting the length of the transmission shaft. The shaft can be provided independently of the position of the positioning shaft.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a detailed view of a section taken along a drive path of the apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the clutch.

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a correction mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a detailed sectional view of a positioning shaft.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the apparatus with a part of the front face and a cover cut away.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of a spindle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 indexing device, 3 main shaft, 4,5 input shaft, 10
Drive adapter, 11 clutch, 12 body, 1
3,14 bearing member, 18,19 clutch, 20,
21 one-way clutch, 22, 23 drive gear, 24
Driven gear, 25, 26 spring, 31 worm shaft,
34 spring, 40 projecting piece (movement correction member), 41
Notch (fixed correction member), 45 worm, 46 worm wheel, 47 indexing table, 53 crank plate, 55 positioning shaft, 57 guide groove, 58
Pin, 60 transmission shaft, 62, 63 guide pin,
64, 65 guide groove, 100 input rotation transmission mechanism,
L1 stroke, amount of axial movement of Zn main shaft

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A positioning device for an indexing device wherein a positioning pin is disengaged from a positioning and locking portion integral with an indexing table by axial movement of an input shaft. A transmission shaft intersecting the positioning shaft and the input shaft is provided so as to be reciprocable in the direction toward the positioning locking portion, and the input shaft and the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft and the positioning shaft A pin and a guide groove, respectively, so as to convert the former axial movement of each combination into the latter axial movement.