JP2899153B2 - Sorting and sorting equipment for sorted seedlings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to transplantation and cultivation of agricultural products.
In transplantation machines that use aligned seedlings such as paper cylinder seedlings with a paper cylinder seedling container in which the cultivation parts are connected neatly and separably to individual seedlings, the individual seedlings are separated from the aligned seedlings and defective from the separated seedlings. It relates to a device for removing only seedlings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An apparatus for automatically separating and feeding out aligned seedlings such as paper tube seedlings has been disclosed by the present inventors in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-41470.
No. 3 was proposed.

In this apparatus, there is provided a lateral moving mechanism for placing the seedlings, reciprocating and supplying the seedlings to be separated into a pair of separated rotating bodies. A vertical moving mechanism is provided to intermittently move the seedlings in the vertical direction, and the seedlings are automatically separated into individual seedlings by a pair of separating and rotating bodies that advance and retreat alternately, and a pair of feeding belts are connected to the pair of separating and rotating bodies. Had been provided. The feeding belt of this device was transported while holding the paper tube portion of the separated seedling.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-9535 discloses that
A means for extruding a row of a plurality of soiled seedlings in a standing state which are blocked for each plant is provided in a row, and the foliage of the soiled seedling is hung behind the pushing means. A sorting device that circulates a pair of endless bodies to be conveyed has been proposed.

[0005]

The defective seedlings cannot be removed by the feeding belt of the prior art apparatus, which transports the separated seedlings while holding the paper cylinder, so that it is necessary to select the defective seedlings. If so, a separate sorting device must be provided.

[0006] Further, in the case where soild seedlings blocked for each plant are extruded one by one and then selected, if the seedlings have a low area of a cultivated portion for each plant and a stable standing state, It is good, but if the low area of the cultivation part is relatively small, it will fall down when it is separated into individual seedlings, and it will not be possible to hold and transport the foliage, so it is not applicable to such seedlings.

The present invention solves the above problems,
Arranged seedlings in which the cultivation parts are connected neatly and separably to individual seedlings
In a device that moves and separates and separates, even if seedlings are relatively small and separated into individual seedlings, even if seedlings can not be kept upright, they can be separated and sorted immediately after separation, so that a separation and sorting device that can be sorted stably Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance and high-efficiency separation and sorting device for sorted seedlings, which continuously and surely separates and sorts individual seedlings, and aims to dramatically expand transplant cultivation.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating and sorting aligned seedlings, wherein the aligned seedlings P to which the cultivation portions Pb are connected so as to be separable into individual seedlings Pa are moved so that opposing surfaces of the seedlings Pa are separated from each other. Adjustment
A pair of separation rotating bodies 31 that rotate in a direction away from the row of seedlings P
The separation rotation of the side approaching the seedling to be separated first
The body 31 contacts, and then the separating rotator 31 on the side away from the body comes into contact.
Then, the side surfaces of the aligned seedlings P sequentially contact the pair of separated rotating bodies 31.
In the apparatus, the seedlings Pa are continuously separated by removing the seedlings Pa, and only the defective seedlings are removed from the separated seedlings Pa. Then, the cultivation portion Pb is transported and fed out as it is, and a pair of foliage pinching rotators 35 are provided continuously from above the pair of separation rotators 31. Before feeding the seedlings Pa, the shoots and leaves Pc of the standing seedlings Pa are transported, and the foliage holding rotating body 35 does not sandwich defective seedlings without the shoots and leaves Pc. And let it fall and remove it.

In the apparatus for separating and sorting aligned seedlings according to the second aspect of the present invention, the aligned seedlings P in the upright state are placed and reciprocated to supply the cultivated portion Pb of the seedlings to be separated into a pair of separated rotating bodies 31. The moving mechanism 10 is provided, and a vertical moving mechanism 20 for intermittently moving the seedlings P on the horizontal moving mechanism 10 at the moving end of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 is provided.

[0010]

[Operation] According to the first aspect of the present invention, individual seedlings Pa can be separated.
Move the aligned seedlings P in which the cultivation parts Pb are connected
A pair whose opposing surfaces rotate in a direction away from the aligned seedlings P
Approach the seedling to be separated first
Separation rotating body 31 abuts, and then separation
The rotating body 31 abuts, and the side surface of the aligned seedlings P is a pair of separated rotating bodies.
Separate into individual seedlings Pa continuously by contacting them sequentially with 31
Then, the pair of separating rotators 31 separate the cultivated portion Pb while keeping the aligned seedlings P in the upright state, and transport the cultivated portion Pb as it is, and pinch a pair of foliage from above the pair of separated rotator 31. Body 35
And the foliage pinching rotating body 35 sandwiches the foliage Pc of the standing seedling Pa in the standing state before the separating rotating body 31 unwinds the cultivation part Pb, so the separated seedling Pa remains in the standing state It is delivered to the foliage holding rotor 35.

The foliage holding body 35 is an upright seedling.
Since the foliage pinching rotating body 35 is transported across the foliage Pc of Pa and the foliage pinching rotating body 35 does not pinch defective seedlings without the foliage Pc, it is dropped and removed when the cultivated part Pb is unwound from the separation rotating body 31. Only the good seedlings having the foliage Pc are supplied to the planting device or the like.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the aligned seedlings P in a standing state
And a lateral moving mechanism 10 for supplying the cultivated portion Pb of the seedling separated into the pair of separation rotating bodies 31 by reciprocating the seedlings. The seedlings P aligned on the moving end of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 are provided on the horizontal moving mechanism 10. Since the vertical movement mechanism 20 that intermittently moves in the vertical direction with
The seedlings that are continuously separated can be supplied to the separation rotating body 31.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As an aligned seedling in which a cultivation section is connected in a separable and orderly manner to individual seedlings, a paper tube seedling by a paper tube seedling raising container is shown. This paper tube nursery container is a container in which a hexagonal column-shaped paper tube which is open at the top and bottom is opened and then is laminated with water-soluble glue in an orderly manner. When the seedlings are seeded and cultivated by filling the soil in the paper cylinder, they grow and become aligned seedlings P of the paper cylinder seedlings having stems and leaves Pc, and at the time of transplantation, the paper cylinder part Pb maintains an appropriate connection strength.

Next, a description will be given of a separation and sorting apparatus for separating the aligned seedlings P into individual seedlings Pa and removing only defective seedlings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine frame, and the machine frame 1 forms a substantially rectangular frame in plan view. And machine frame 1
A horizontal moving mechanism 10 and a vertical moving mechanism 20 are provided above.

The lateral movement mechanism 10 includes a pair of rails 11 provided along the machine frame 1, a pair of lateral movement mechanism frames 12 that can reciprocate along the rail 11, and a lower part of the lateral movement mechanism frame 12. A shaft 16 is provided between the pair of rails 11 in parallel with the rails 11.

The lateral movement mechanism frame 12 is provided on a pair of rails 11, and guide rollers 14 that rotate in the direction of the rail 11 are provided on four lower surfaces corresponding to the rails 11 of the lateral movement mechanism frame 12, and the guide rollers 14 It is stopped by the lateral movement mechanism frame 12 so as to rotate freely. The shaft 16 is engraved with a cylindrical cam in which a forward groove and a return groove are formed in an endless cross shape, and is engaged with a projection (not shown) provided on the lateral movement mechanism frame 12, so that the shaft 16 rotates. This allows the lateral movement mechanism frame 12 to reciprocate continuously in the direction of the rail 11.

The horizontal moving mechanism frame 12 of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 is provided with a vertical moving mechanism 20 that moves in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the horizontal moving mechanism 10. Then, the aligned seedlings P are placed on the belt 25 of the vertical moving mechanism 20, and the horizontal moving mechanism 10 is moved at the moving end of the horizontal moving mechanism 10.
Is intermittently moved in a direction (downward direction in FIG. 2) orthogonal to the moving direction of.

The vertical moving mechanism 20 has a pulley 2 which is long in the moving direction of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 and parallel at the same height in the horizontal moving mechanism frame 12.
2 and 24 are provided, and a belt 25 is stretched between the pulleys 22 and 24. Then, the lateral moving mechanism frame 12 moves to the pulley 22 in the lateral direction, so that the rotation of the shaft 16 is transmitted only at the moving end thereof, and the seedling row of the aligned seedlings P is moved at the moving end of the lateral moving mechanism 10. The pulley 22 is rotated so as to move the belt 25 slightly more than one line.

A regulating body frame 2 is provided outside the machine frame 1 in parallel with the rail 11 in the moving direction of the vertical moving mechanism 20, and a regulating body shaft 3 is provided vertically above the regulating body frame 2; A pair of freely rotating seedling restriction belts 5 is wound around the upper end.

The seedling regulating belt 5 is long in the moving direction of the lateral moving mechanism 10 and is provided on the left and right sides thereof.
It is located at approximately the same position as the transport end of the 25, and an interval is provided between the inner ends of the pair of left and right seedling regulating belts 5 to accommodate the pair of separation rotating bodies 31 that separate and feed the aligned seedlings P. Two upper and lower belt driving pins are provided in the direction of the seedling regulating belt 5 from the end of the pair of lateral movement mechanism frames 12 on the side of the seedling regulating belt 5, and the belt driving pins are provided on the surface of the seedling regulating belt 5 on the side of the aligned seedlings P. When the lateral movement mechanism 10 reciprocates, the surface of the seedling regulating belt 5 on the aligned seedling P side reciprocates in the same direction.

A pair of lateral regulating belts 28 for restricting the aligned seedlings P in contact with the side surfaces of the laterally moving mechanism 10 of the aligned seedlings P in the moving direction are provided inside the pair of lateral moving mechanism frames 12 on the side of the seedling regulating belt 5. Provide. The lateral regulation belt 28 is stretched around a freely rotating pulley, and circulates so as not to hinder the movement of the aligned seedlings P by the belt 25. A pair of seedling guides 29 connected to the lateral regulation belt 28 are provided inside the pair of lateral movement mechanism frames 12 on the opposite side of the seedling regulation belt 5, and guide the aligned seedlings P on the belt 25.

A separation frame 30 is provided above the center of the vertical moving mechanism 20 in the moving direction outside the machine frame 1 and between the insides of the pair of seedling regulating belts 5. A separating rotating body frame 39 is provided in the separating section frame 30 so as to freely rotate in the horizontal direction, and a part of the separating rotating body frame 39 protrudes outside the separating section frame 30 in the aligned seedling P direction.

A pair of separation belts 31 as a pair of separation rotating bodies is provided below the separation section frame 30 and between the inner ends of the pair of seedling control belts 5 in a direction opposite to the aligned seedlings P.

A pair of shafts 32 and a pair of shafts 33 are provided below the separation rotator frame 39 and outside the separation portion frame 30, and pulleys 34 are fitted on the shafts 32 and 33, respectively. A pair of separation belts 31 are wrapped around 34. The separation belt 31 has a sponge body affixed to its surface, the separation belt 31 has a height in contact with the side surface of the paper tube portion Pb of the aligned seedlings P placed on the belt 25, and the facing surfaces of the pair of separation belts 31 are The interval is made smaller than the diameter of the paper tube Pb of each seedling Pa. When the pair of shafts 32 is rotated in the opposite direction at the same speed, the pair of separation belts 31 rotate at the same speed in a direction in which the opposing surfaces are away from the aligned seedlings P, and the speed is controlled by the lateral movement mechanism. The speed is about three times faster than the moving speed of 10.

The separation belt on the side away from the separation belt 31 on the side where the aligned seedlings P approach by the lateral movement mechanism 10.
31 is positioned slightly closer to the aligned seedlings P. In addition, the end of the separation belt 31 on the side away from the aligned seedlings P is positioned slightly farther from the aligned seedlings P than the surface of the seedling control belt 5 on the aligned seedlings P side.
First, the separation belt 31 on the side approaching the seedling Pa to be separated comes into contact with the seedling Pa from which the aligned seedlings P are separated, and then the separation belt 31 on the side that goes away. Then, the side surfaces of the paper cylinder portion Pb of the aligned seedlings P are sequentially separated into individual seedlings Pa by sequentially contacting the pair of rotating separation belts 31, and the separated individual seedlings Pa are separated by the separation belt 31. The seedlings are sandwiched between the seedlings P and are fed out while standing upright.

The pair of separation belts 31 move in the horizontal direction, and the moving direction of the aligned seedlings P changes at the moving end thereof. The position of the moving mechanism 20 in the moving direction is moved forward and backward alternately.

Above the left and right ends of the belt 25, a pair of bolts 40 which engage with a separation rotating frame 39 as an advancing / retreating mechanism of the separation belt 31 are provided on the separation unit frame 30 side inside the pair of lateral movement mechanism frames 12. Is provided. A pair of engaging body frames 41 is provided above the inner side of the pair of lateral moving mechanism frames 12 from the separating section frame 30 side, and is directed inward to a height corresponding to the separating rotating body frame 39 at the upper end of the engaging body frame 41. A pair of bolts 40 is provided, and the bolts 40 are screwed into the engagement body frame 41 in an adjustable manner. Then, the lateral moving mechanism frame 12 moves in the lateral direction, and at its moving end, the inner end of the bolt 40 comes into contact with the separation rotating body frame 39 and is pushed and rotated by a predetermined angle, and the shafts 32 and 33 move forward and backward to form a pair. Separation belt 31 advances and retreats by a predetermined distance.

Under the separation frame 30, a pair of separation belts 31 is provided.
A pair of foliage pinching belts 35 as a pair of foliage pinching rotating bodies is provided from above the pair in the direction opposite to the aligned seedlings P.

A pair of shafts 36 are provided below the separation section frame 30 between the shafts 32 and 33, and a pair of shafts 37 are provided from the shafts 33 in the direction opposite to the aligned seedlings P. Inset 38,
A pair of foliage pinching belts 35 is attached to a pulley 38 between the shafts 36 and 37.
Over. A sponge body is stuck on the surface of the foliage holding belt 35, and the foliage holding belt 35 has a height above the paper cylinder Pb of the seedling Pa sandwiched between the separation belts 31, and a pair of foliage holding belts 35 opposing surfaces are brought into contact. Also,
When the pair of shafts 37 are rotated in the opposite directions at the same speed, the pair of foliage pinching belts 35 rotates at the same speed in a direction in which the opposing surfaces move away from the aligned seedlings P, and the speed is the separation belt 31. And the same speed.

The seedlings in which the separation belt 31 is still upright
While sandwiching the paper cylinder Pb of Pa, the foliage clamping belt 35 clamps the foliage Pc and transports them together. Separation belt 31 is paper cylinder
When Pb is pulled out and released, only the foliage pinching belt 35 is transported across the foliage Pc of the seedling Pa in the upright state, and the defective seedling having no foliage Pc is dropped and removed, and the foliage Pc is removed. Is transferred as it is and is delivered to the opposite side of the aligned seedlings P in a standing state.

The seedlings Pa fed from the leaf holding belt 35 are supplied to an appropriate planting device and transplanted to the main field.

Next, the operation will be described.

The horizontal moving mechanism frame 12 of the horizontal moving mechanism 10 has a predetermined moving end, and the aligned seedlings P are moved vertically on the horizontal moving mechanism 10.
Place the seedlings on the belt 25 as standing upright.
Is fed to the position where the paper tube portion Pb of the seedling row to be separated at the front end contacts the separation belt 31 which has come into contact with the seedling regulating belt 5 and has receded.

When the shaft 16 and the like are rotated by appropriate means and the horizontal moving mechanism frame 12 is moved in the horizontal direction, the aligned seedlings P are moved in the horizontal direction, and the separation belt 31 and the leaf holding belt 35 are rotated.

Due to the lateral movement of the horizontal moving mechanism frame 12, as shown in FIG. 5, the paper tube portion Pb of the separated seedling row of the front row of the aligned seedlings P is moved away from the separated separation belt 31 (left side in the drawing). Touch the front end sequentially. At this time, the rotation direction of the separated separation belt 31 is the same as the rotation direction of the aligned seedlings P, which is normal to the moving direction of the aligned seedlings P, and the peripheral speed thereof is faster than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings P. The paper cylinder part Pb is sandwiched between the paper cylinder part Pb of the next succeeding seedling row and the separation belt 31 and is rolled, and is moved at a speed higher than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings P while rolling, thereby sequentially. The seedling Pa next to the seedling Pa to be separated or a portion connected to the next subsequent seedling row is peeled off, and the seedling Pa is separated into individual seedlings Pa without difficulty.

The paper tube portion Pb of the seedling Pa separated and fed by the separated separation belt 31 is separated from the separation belt
Since the separation belt 31 that has come into contact with the separation belt 31 (shown on the right side) rotates in the direction opposite to the separation belt 31 that has retreated, the separation belt 31 is transported with the paper tube portion Pb sandwiched between the pair of separation belts 31. .
In addition, seedlings Pa that are not separated by the separated belt 31 that has retreated are separated and transferred by the separated belt 31 that has advanced.

The seedlings Pa transferred by the pair of separation belts 31 are separated by the foliage holding belt 35 which sandwiches the foliage Pc while the separation belt 31 still holds the paper cylinder Pb.
When 31 releases the paper tube portion Pb, only the foliage holding belt 35 is transported across the foliage Pc. At this time, the pair of separation belts 31
The seedlings Pa separated and transferred by the method are immediately transferred to the foliage holding belt 35 as they are in the upright state and do not fall down, so they are reliably transferred to the foliage holding belt 35 to be selected in the upright state. .

The seedling Pa that has received the foliage Pc on the foliage holding belt 35 is a defective seedling having no foliage Pc.
Since it is not pinched by 35, when the paper cylinder part Pb is fed out of the separation belt 31, it falls and is removed by the weight of the paper cylinder part Pb,
Since the seedlings Pa having the foliage Pc are transferred and fed out as they are, they are continuously and stably selected.

When the separation of all the separated seedling rows in the front row of the aligned seedlings P is completed and the horizontal moving mechanism frame 12 reaches the moving end, the inner end of the bolt 40 comes into contact with the separated rotating body frame 39 and pushes it. , A pair of separation belts 31 alternately advance and retreat to alternate the role of separation,
Almost at the same time, the aligned seedlings P are vertically moved by the belt 25 by one row of the seedling row, and then the horizontal moving mechanism frame 12 horizontally moves the aligned seedlings P in the opposite direction to start separation of the next row. Is done.

Further, the belt 25 similarly intermittently moves the aligned seedlings P at the moving end on the opposite side of the horizontal moving mechanism frame 12, so that the seedlings that are continuously separated by the separation belt 31 can be supplied.
Individual seedlings Pa are continuously separated and defective seedlings are selected.

In the above embodiment, a paper tube seedling in a paper tube seedling container is shown as the aligned seedlings P, but the soil itself is hardened in a predetermined shape, or the inorganic fiber or the high density seedling medium itself is orderly connected. Even those based on molecular compounds may be used as long as the cultivation parts are connected to the individual seedlings Pa in an orderly and separable manner.

Although the separation belt 31 has been described as an example of the separation rotating member, any rotating member such as a chain member or a combination of a roller and a belt may be used.

Although the foliage gripping belt 35 has been described as an example of the foliage gripping rotating body, a rotating body such as a chain-shaped one or a row of rollers arranged in a row may be used.

Also, an example has been shown in which the foliage clamping belt 35 as the foliage clamping rotary body clamps the foliage Pc immediately above the paper cylinder Pb, but the height of the foliage clamping rotary body can be adjusted. May be.

[0047]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the seedlings are divided into individual seedlings.
Move the aligned seedlings where the cultivation parts are connected
A pair of opposite surfaces rotate in the direction away from the aligned seedlings.
The side approaching the seedling to be separated first by the separation rotating body
Separation rotator abuts, and then separate rotator
And the side surfaces of the aligned seedlings sequentially contact the pair of separated rotating bodies.
The seedlings are separated into individual seedlings in succession, and the pair of separated rotating bodies are separated from the cultivated part while the aligned seedlings are standing upright. A pair of foliage pinching rotators are provided in a row, and the foliage pinching rotator pinches the foliage of the upright seedling before the separation rotator draws out the cultivation section, and the separated seedling remains in the upright state. Since it is delivered to the foliage holding rotating body, it does not fall down, so that it is reliably delivered to the selected foliage holding rotating body in an upright state.

Further, the foliage-holding rotating body is transported while nipping the foliage of the standing seedling, and the foliage-holding rotating body does not grip the defective seedling having no foliage. When the seedlings are dropped, they are removed, so that good seedlings with foliage are transferred and fed out as they are, so that they are continuously and stably selected.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a horizontal moving mechanism for supplying the cultivated portion of the seedling to be separated into a pair of separating rotating bodies by placing the aligned seedlings in the upright state and reciprocating. On the upper side, there is provided a vertical movement mechanism for placing the aligned seedlings at the moving end of the horizontal movement mechanism and intermittently moving the seedlings in the vertical direction. Seedlings are separated and defective seedlings are sorted out.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for separating and sorting aligned seedlings.

FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a front view thereof.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 with a part cut away.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 with a part cut away.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Horizontal movement mechanism 20 Vertical movement mechanism 31 Separation belt as separation rotating body 35 Foliage holding belt as foliage holding rotating body

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An aligned seedling in which a cultivated part is connected to each individual seedling so as to be separable and separated so that their opposing surfaces are farther from the aligned seedling.
First, a pair of separation rotating bodies that rotate in
The separation rotating body on the side approaching the separated seedling comes in contact with
The separated rotating body on the side away from the
In a device that successively separates seedlings by successively contacting a pair of separated rotating bodies and removes only defective seedlings from the separated seedlings, the pair of separated rotating bodies stand up aligned seedlings. Separating the cultivated part in the hanging state, transporting and feeding out the cultivated part as it is, and providing a pair of foliage clamping rotators in a row from above a pair of separating rotators, the foliage clamping rotator is a separating rotator Before the unfolding of the cultivation part, the foliage of the standing seedlings is transported by sandwiching the foliage, and the foliage clamping rotor is dropped when the cultivation part is unwound from the separation rotating body because defective seedlings without foliage can not be clamped. A separation and sorting device for sorted seedlings that can be removed. 2. A horizontal moving mechanism for placing the seedlings in a standing state and reciprocating to supply a cultivated portion of the seedlings separated into a pair of separated rotating bodies, wherein a horizontal moving mechanism is provided on the horizontal moving mechanism. 2. The apparatus for separating and sorting aligned seedlings according to claim 1, further comprising a vertical movement mechanism for placing the aligned seedlings at the moving end and intermittently moving the seedlings in the vertical direction.