JP2893038B1 - Fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an alternative fire extinguishing agent that does not destroy the ozone layer and is relatively easy to decompose, has little effect on global warming, and is comparable to the fire extinguishing ability of regulated halon. SOLUTION: The following general formula (1): (Wherein, n represents a number of 4 to 8, m represents a number of 0 or 1, and R ¹ represents a methyl group or an ethyl group). And extinguishing agents.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing agent containing a fluorinated ketone as a main component. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing agent containing a fluorine-containing ketone as a main component, which is used as a substitute for a halon fire extinguishing agent whose use is regulated as a substance that destroys the ozone layer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Freon, which has been conventionally used, is extremely stable chemically, has a long life in the troposphere, diffuses into the stratosphere, where it is photolyzed by ultraviolet rays to generate chlorine radicals. These chlorine radicals cause a continuous reaction with stratospheric ozone and destroy the ozone layer. Therefore, the production of the chlorine radical has been banned since 1996, and its consumption has been regulated. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) that have been given appropriate decomposability by introducing hydrogen atoms into compounds have been developed as substitutes for CFCs. As a fire extinguishing agent,
Halon 1301 (CF ₃ Br) and Halon 121
1 (CF ₂ BrCl), Halon 2402 (CF ₂ BrCF)
₂ Br) is used, but since bromine plays an important role in fire-extinguishing, the presence of bromine in halon molecules has been considered to be indispensable for imparting high-performance fire-extinguishing. . However, since the bromine atoms contained therein destroy the ozone layer, halon as well as specified CFCs have been completely eliminated. In recent years, halon substitutes have been developed, but they are considerably inferior in fire extinguishing performance and safety to living organisms as compared with regulated halon, so they are used in aircraft and computer rooms where advanced fire extinguishing capabilities are required. In places where there is no choice but to rely on the regulation Ha Long. However, the use of halon, an ozone depleting substance, is regulated. Therefore, there is a need for an alternative halon that does not destroy the ozone layer and has fire-extinguishing performance equal to or higher than that of regulated halon and safety for living bodies. Fluorinated ketones are thermally and chemically stable and highly safe for living organisms. Generally, it is synthesized by reacting the corresponding perfluorocarboxylic acid with a Grignard reagent. Comparing the chemical reactivity of fluorinated ketones with perfluorohydrocarbons, the former shows reactivity under conditions where the perfluorohydrocarbons do not react due to the contained hydrogen atom and the carbonyl bond in the structure. Are known. That is, the fluorinated ketone is a compound provided with decomposability as compared with the perfluorohydrocarbon, and has a short life in the environment.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an alternative fire extinguishing agent which does not destroy the ozone layer and has relatively little effect on global warming because it is relatively easily decomposed, and which is comparable to the fire extinguishing ability of regulated halon. Is to provide.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have found that the object can be achieved by using a fluorinated ketone as an alternative fire extinguishing agent, and have completed the present invention. That is, according to the present invention, the following general formula (1)

Embedded image (Wherein, n represents a number of 4 to 8, m represents a number of 0 or 1, and R ¹ represents a methyl group or an ethyl group). Is provided.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The fluorinated ketone used as a fire extinguishing agent in the present invention is exemplified by CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CO
CH ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ , (C
F ₃ ) ₂ CFCF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF
₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ C
F ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂
Compounds such as CF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ are mentioned, and preferably, CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂
CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ or (CF ₃ ) ₂ CFCF
₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃ is used. These can also be used by mixing two or more compounds. If desired, a hydrofluorocarbon such as HFC-245fa can be mixed at a ratio of 20% by weight or less.

[0006]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. Example 1 Fire extinguishing performance was evaluated in a test box (made of acrylic) of 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm. There was a small window for the introduction of fire extinguisher at the top of the test box and a small window for the introduction of air at the bottom. First, 3 ml of n-heptane was put into a metal petri dish (diameter 5 cm × depth 1 cm) placed in a test box, and pre-burned for 7 seconds. During pre-combustion, a small window for air introduction was opened to ensure that the fire was sufficiently large. Next, a premixed extinguishing agent was introduced, and the time until the fire was completely extinguished was measured. n-C ₄ F ₉ CO
Table 1 shows the results in the case of CH ₃ , nC ₅ F ₁₁ COCH ₃ , and bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301).

[0007]

[Table 1] 火 Fire extinguisher (vol%) Fire extinguishing time (sec) ──────── Ｎ nC ₄ F ₉ COCH ₃ 5.7 0.90 3.8 1.6 1.6 2.6 8.0 nC ₅ F ₁₁ COCH ₃ 3.6 0.90 2.8 7.8 CF ₃ Br 3.6 1.0 1.1 10.0}に お い て In Table 1, fluoroketones can extinguish fire in the same range as Halon 1301 in the range of 3-5 vol%,
It was found that it had excellent fire extinguishing performance. In addition, the irritating odor of the air-fuel mixture in the test box after the fire was extinguished was small.
01 was almost the same.

Example 2 A laminar combustion velocity was measured. For the measurement of the laminar combustion velocity, a cylindrical combustion vessel having an inner diameter of 20.0 cm and a height of 30.0 cm was used. A premixed gas (sample mixture: 9.
After charging 5% methane-0.5% additive-90.0% air; mixture temperature: room temperature; mixture pressure: 1 atm), spark ignition was performed at the center, and the flame propagation speed was measured by an ion probe. . Since the flame propagates at a substantially constant pressure in the initial stage, the following equation is established between the laminar combustion speed Su and the flame propagation speed Sb. Su = κSb (ρb / ρu) = κSb (TuMb) /
(TbMu) ρ: density, T: temperature, M: average molar mass, κ: correction coefficient (subscript u: unburned side, b: burned side) Tb is adiabatic flame temperature, Mb is equilibrium of each chemical species Using the values obtained from the concentrations, Su was determined with κ = 1. Tetrafluoromethane, bromotrifluoromethane (Halon _{1301), n-C 4 F} 9 COCH 3, n-C 5 F
Table 2 shows the average laminar burning velocity of methane when ₁₁ COCH ₃ was added.

[0009]

Table 2 添加 Additives Average laminar flow rate / cm. _{^{S -1 CF 4 37.2 ± 1.7 CF}} 3 Br 22.9 ± 1.0 n-C 4 F 9 COCH 3 27.0 ± 1.0 n-C 5 F 11 COCH 3 25.0 ± 1 0.0 よ り From the results in Table 2, the fluorinated ketone has the best fire-extinguishing performance next to Halon 1301 having a bromine atom. It became clear to have.

[0010]

The fluorine-containing fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has a shorter atmospheric life than a perfluorohydrocarbon and also contains a bromine atom which causes ozone layer destruction because it has a hydrogen atom and a carbonyl bond in the molecule. Since it is not available, it is suitable as an alternative fire extinguishing agent for regulated halon. Further, since the fluorine-containing ketone has a low surface energy property, by adding it to the powder fire extinguishing agent, it also has an effect of preventing condensation of the fine powder fire extinguishing agent.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Seiji Takubo 6th floor of Hongo Wakai Building, 2-40-17 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo New Refrigerant Project Room, etc. (72) Inventor Tetsuya Suzuda 6-floor Hongo Wakai Building, Hongo 2-40-17, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo New Research Project Room for New Refrigerants, etc. (72) Inventor Akira Sekiya 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Pref. Examiner in the Technical Research Institute Youto Itoh (56) References JP-A-4-187163 (JP, A) JP-A-5-49711 (JP, A) JP-A-8-24362 (JP, A) 501629 (JP, A) Table ⁶ 6-501628 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A62D 1/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] The following general formula (1) (Wherein, n represents a number of 4 to 8, m represents a number of 0 or 1, and R ¹ represents a methyl group or an ethyl group). And extinguishing agents. 2. The fluorinated ketone is CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂
CF ₂ COCH ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ COCH ₃
And _{(CF 3) 2 CFCF 2 CF} 2 at least one fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is a fluorinated ketone selected from among COCH _3.