JP2881246B2 - Water purification facility - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for purifying river water, lake water, and sea water provided in relatively polluted water bodies such as estuaries, lakes, marshes, coves, and harbors. About facilities.

"Conventional technology" Conventionally, it is known that even stone masonry seawalls, breakwaters, etc. provided for the purpose of disaster prevention, flow control, etc., have a certain degree of water purification by biological filtration, advection mixing, and aeration. Have been. The water purification action of such a harbor structure largely depends on the purification action of organisms attached to the surface of the structure.

However, the conventional port structure does not have a surface to which organisms can adhere to exhibit the required water purification ability, and thus the contribution to seawater purification is extremely limited.

Therefore, it is conceivable to fill the contact material for organisms used in biological wastewater treatment, etc., to increase the surface area to which organisms attach, thereby improving the water purification capacity of the harbor structure. I have.

4 and 5 show a purification facility proposed by the inventors in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-137298. In this purification facility, contact materials (gravels) 1 for adhering microorganisms are housed in a gusset type flow structure 2.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the purification facility proposed above, the gap between the contact materials 1 ... stored in the seawater intake side 3 is a biofilm that has grown or has been separated. It is reduced in a short period of time due to insoluble suspended components, death of living organisms, small animals, excreta, and the like. For this reason, in the previously proposed purification facility, even if the purification efficiency is sacrificed, if the contact materials 1 having a large particle diameter are not used, a substantial gap is reduced in a short period of time and clogging occurs, and pressure loss increases. However, there was a problem that a drift occurred or the flow stopped. For this reason, in the conventional purification facility, there was a problem that maintenance cleaning had to be performed frequently.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water purification facility in which clogging hardly occurs, purification can be performed for a long period of time, and maintenance management is almost unnecessary. .

"Means for Solving the Problems" In the water purification facility of the present invention, a treatment area in which a contact material for attaching microorganisms is accommodated in a space surrounded by a wall is a part on the intake side of water to be treated by a partition. And a water area purification facility partitioned into a plurality of portions on the outflow side, wherein a contact material having a larger specific surface area is accommodated in the treatment area on the outflow side, and the outflow side of the wall portion and the partition wall portion A large number of openings are formed.

In the water purification system of the present invention, it is desirable to provide a check valve in the opening to allow only the flow on the outflow side.

As the contact material, various materials can be used as long as a microorganism film grows, such as shells such as oysters, plastic molded bodies such as corrugated sheets, inorganic molded bodies such as concrete blocks, gravel, and cobblestones.

"Action" In the water purification system of the present invention, since the contact material having a larger specific surface area is accommodated in the treatment area on the outflow side, purification is not progressing, and therefore, there is a condition under which microorganisms are easily proliferated and there are many foreign substances. The gap between the contact materials is larger at the intake side where the water to be treated is treated, so that the purification proceeds and it is difficult for microorganisms to propagate. The gap narrows.

Further, in the water purification facility of the present invention, since more openings are formed on the outflow side of the wall and the partition, the contact material having a large specific surface area is accommodated, the gap is narrowed, and the flow resistance is increased. The closer the outflow side is, the shorter the flow distance of the water to be treated becomes.

"Example" Hereinafter, the water area purification facility of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

(Example 1) Reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1 indicates a purification facility. This purification facility 1
Serves also as a bank separating the inland sea area 11 and the outer sea area 23. In this purification facility 1, an outer wall 13 and an inner wall 14 are provided substantially concentrically, and a space between the inner and outer walls 14, 13 is a first partition 15, a second partition 15.
The partition 16 is divided into three processing zones, that is, a first processing zone 17, a second processing zone 18, and a third processing zone 19.

The outer wall 13, the first partition 15, the second partition 16, and the inner wall 14 are provided with openings 23 through which seawater flows. This opening 23
Are provided more as the wall closer to the inland sea area 11 among the walls 13, 14, 15, and 16. In this example, the openings 23 of the outer wall 13 are formed.
Two openings 23 of the first partition 15 are provided for one location of the first partition 15, and two openings 23 of the second partition 16 are provided for one location of the opening 23 of the first partition 15. , Two openings 23 of the inner wall 14 are provided for one opening 23 of the second partition 16. The opening 23 of the outer wall 13 and the opening 23 of the first partition 15, the opening 23 of the first partition 15, the opening 23 of the second partition 16, and the opening 23 of the second partition 16. The openings 23 of the inner wall 14 are arranged such that their positions in the extension direction of the purification facility do not match.

As shown in Fig. 2, these openings 23 ...
Rubber check valves 24, which allow only the flow to the 11 side, are attached.

The openings 23 provided in the first partition 15 are provided at positions lower than the openings 23.
The openings 23 of the 16 are provided at positions higher than the openings 23 of the first partition 15, and the openings 23 of the inner wall 14 are the openings of the second partition 16.
23 ... Provided at a lower position.

Each of the treatment areas 17, 18, and 19 partitioned by the partition walls 15, 16 accommodates crushed stones 20 as contact materials.

As the crushed stones 20..., The processing area closer to the inland sea area 11, that is, the second processing area 18 than the first processing area 17, and the third processing area 19 than the second processing area 18 having a smaller average particle size, Those having a large specific surface area are used.

The purification facility is provided with a discharge path (not shown) for discharging seawater in the inner sea area 11 to the outer sea area 12 when the water level in the inner sea area 11 becomes lower than the water level in the outer sea area 12. At this time, the discharge path is moved from the inner sea area 11 to the outer sea area at the desired timing.
An electromagnetic check valve is provided to allow flow to 12.

In this purification facility, when the water level in the outer sea area 12 rises at the time of high tide, first, seawater in the outer sea area 12 flows into the first treatment area 17 from the openings 23 of the outer wall 13. Then, it is biologically treated by a biofilm grown on the surface of the crushed stone 20 having a large particle diameter accommodated therein. In this area, large foreign matters floating in the seawater are removed.

The seawater slightly purified in the first treatment area 17 is supplied to the first partition wall.
From the openings 23 of the 15, they flow into the second treatment area 18, pass between the slightly fine crushed stones 20, and are more highly purified by the microbial membrane attached to the surface of the crushed stones 20. Also, slightly fine foreign matter is removed. Next, the seawater is further purified in the third treatment area 19 and then flows into the inland sea area 11.

In this water purification facility, the inland sea
Since the crushed stones 20 having a larger specific surface area were accommodated on the 11th side, the gap between the crushed stones 20 in the first processing area 17 on the outer sea area 12 side was large, The gap between the crushed stones 20 becomes narrow. As described above, in this water purification facility, the purification is not progressing, so that the microorganisms are easy to grow. Is large,
Even if microorganisms rapidly grow on the surface of the crushed stones 20, the gaps between the crushed stones 20 are not closed. Since the seawater flowing into the second treatment zone 18 is treated and purified in the first treatment zone 17 as described above, the BOD and the like are reduced, and the ability to grow microorganisms is reduced. The microorganisms are unlikely to grow on the surfaces of the crushed stones 20... And the gaps between the crushed stones 20. In addition, since the seawater flowing into the third treatment area 19 is highly purified in the second treatment area 18, microorganisms are extremely difficult to grow on the surface of the crushed stone 20 in the third treatment area 19, and the gap between the crushed stones 20 ... Even if it is narrow, it will not be blocked by the growth of microorganisms.

The same applies to foreign matter floating in seawater in the open sea area.Large foreign matter in seawater is supplemented by the first treatment area 17, and the second and third treatment areas 18, 19 and the inner sea area As the water reaches the eleventh side, it is sequentially captured from the larger foreign matter. Therefore, in this purification facility, a situation in which the gap between the crushed stones 20 is blocked by a large foreign matter can be avoided, and the circulation of seawater is guaranteed for a long period of time.

Further, in this water purification facility, since the openings 23 are more provided in the walls 13, 15, 16, 14 on the inner sea area 11 side, the fine crushed stones 20 in the treatment areas 17, 18, 19 are formed. The larger the flow resistance that is accommodated, the shorter the flow path that passes through it. Therefore, this purification facility has a small pressure loss as a whole and can conduct a large amount of seawater.

Further, in this water purification facility, a check valve 24 that allows only a flow from the outer sea area 12 to the inner sea area 11 is provided in the openings 23 provided in the walls 13, 14, 15, and 16. So
At the time of ebb, even if the water level of the outer sea area 12 falls below the water level of the inner sea area 11, the purified seawater contained in the inner sea area 11 can be prevented from flowing out to the outer sea area 12.

Further, in this purification facility 1, the height position of the openings 23 provided on the wall on the side of the outer sea area 12 and the height position of the openings 23 provided on the wall on the side of the inner sea area 11 are shifted up and down. So
The circulating seawater flows in the extension direction of the purification facility,
Water is also guided vertically through the treatment areas 17, 18, and 19. Therefore, in this purification facility 1, the space of the treatment areas 17, 18, and 19 is effectively used, and a sufficient contact time can be obtained.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the purification facility of the present invention, and the same components as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description is simplified.

This purification facility 30 is provided for the purpose of purifying the canal 31, and includes a storage tank 32, a first treatment area 17, and a second treatment area 18 which are sequentially provided in parallel along one shore of the canal 31. It is configured.

At an end of the storage tank 32 on the side of the open sea area 12, there is provided a floodgate 33 that is opened when the water level of the storage tank 32 becomes lower than the water level of the open sea area 12. Further, overflow weirs 35 are provided on the partition wall 34 between the storage tank 32 and the first treatment area 17. This overflow weir
35 has a float valve. The position of the upper end of the float valve is always kept lower than the water level of the storage tank 32 by a predetermined dimension, so that seawater can be supplied to the first treatment area 17 in a constant amount. In this purification facility 30, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

In the above embodiment, the case where two treatment areas are provided and the case where three treatment areas are provided are shown. However, the purification facility of the present invention also includes the case where four or more treatment areas are provided.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the water purification facility of the present invention, the treatment area in which the contact material for adhering microorganisms is accommodated in the space surrounded by the wall portion has a partition wall portion on the intake side of the water to be treated. A water purification system divided into a plurality of parts and a part on the outflow side, wherein the treatment material on the outflow side accommodates a contact material having a larger specific surface area, and the wall part and the partition part on the outflow side. The larger the number of openings, the more openings are formed.

In the water purification facility of the present invention having such a configuration,
Since the contact material having a large specific surface area is accommodated in the treatment area on the outflow side, the gap between the contact materials is large in the treatment area on the intake side of the water to be treated.
The gap between the contact materials is reduced. In other words, the purification is not progressing, and therefore, the condition where the microorganisms are easy to grow is provided, and the gap between the contact materials is large at the intake side where the treated water with many foreign substances is treated first. The gap between the contact materials is not closed even if the germ grows rapidly.
The treated water flowing into the outlet side is treated and purified in the processing area on the intake side as described above, and the ability to grow microorganisms is reduced. The gap between the contact materials is not easily blocked by microorganisms.

The same applies to the foreign matter floating in the water in the surrounding water area, and the floating foreign matter in the water to be treated is sequentially captured from the larger foreign matter according to the water flowing to the outflow side of the purification facility. Therefore, in the purification facility of the present invention, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the gap between the contact materials is blocked by a large foreign matter, and the flow of the water to be treated is guaranteed for a long period.

Also, in this water purification facility, the outlet portion of the wall portion and the partition wall has more openings, so the finer contact material is accommodated in the treatment area and the portion with the higher flow resistance passes therethrough. The flow path becomes shorter. Therefore, the purification facility of the present invention has a small pressure loss as a whole and can conduct a large amount of water to be treated.

Therefore, the water area purification facility of the present invention is less likely to be clogged, can perform the purification process for a long period of time, and requires almost no maintenance.

In addition, in the water purification facility of claim 2,
A check valve that allows only the flow on the outflow side is installed, so even if the surrounding water level falls below the internal water level due to ebb tide, etc., the purified water contained in the internal water area will not It can be prevented from flowing into the surrounding water area.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 show a water purification facility of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIGS. 4 and 5 show a plan view of the water purification facility, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show the proposed water purification facility. FIG. 4 is a plan view and FIG. 5 is a sectional view. 10 Purification facility 13 Outer wall (wall part) 14 Inner wall (wall part) 15 First partition (partition part) 16 Second partition (partition part) 17 First treatment area 18 … Second treatment area 19 …… Third treatment area 20 …… Crushed stone (contact material) 23… Opening 24… Check valve 30… Purification facility 35… Overflow weir

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A treatment area in which a contact material for adhering microorganisms is accommodated in a space surrounded by a wall portion is divided into a plurality of portions by a partition portion into a portion on an intake side and a portion on an outflow side of the water to be treated. A water purifying facility, wherein a contact material having a larger specific surface area is accommodated in a treatment area on an outflow side, and a larger number of openings are formed in an outflow side of the wall and the partition. Water purification facility. 2. The water purification system according to claim 1, wherein a check valve is provided at the opening to allow only the flow on the outflow side.