JP2874456B2 - Processing method using foaming processing liquid - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the cutting of metal workpieces,
It is related to processing methods such as grinding and plastic working.
Characteristic for supply of machining fluid such as cutting fluid, grinding fluid, lubricant
It relates to a processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Precision Machinery, Vol. 41, No. 3, March 1975
On pages 85-91 of Tsuki Seiki Society), argon,
It is described that when cutting is performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as carbon dioxide gas, boundary wear of a flank of a cutting tool is reduced and roughness of a finished surface is improved.

[0003] The applicant of the present invention has disclosed Japanese Patent Application No. 3-29095.
No. 8 proposes that a working fluid used for processing a metal workpiece is foamed into a foamed working fluid. It was proposed that the working fluid used for machining such as cutting and grinding and plastic working such as rolling be foamed. The use of a foamed working fluid can reduce the amount of working fluid used to reduce the cost of machining, and avoids scattering of dust when cutting workpieces made of brittle materials such as cast iron, thus avoiding the work environment. Is improved, and thermal cracks are less likely to occur in the processing tool, so that the life of the processing tool can be extended.

[0004]

In the above specification, the use of carbon dioxide, which is a kind of inert gas, for bubbling the working fluid is described. However, rare gas such as argon or nitrogen gas is used. The use of inert gases in general is not described. If processing is performed in an inert gas atmosphere, chemical reactions such as oxidation on the surface of the processing tool and the workpiece can be suppressed, and the effect of extending the life of the processing tool or improving the quality of the workpiece can be obtained. That is, it was already known from the above-mentioned publication, but by using this inert gas and the foamed working fluid together, it is possible to enjoy both effects together , as well as the above-mentioned publication, Application details
It is not mentioned in the book . Therefore, the present invention
A method of processing a metal workpiece using a foaming processing liquid.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to obtain a material that can also enjoy the effect of an inert gas .

[0005]

The gist of the present invention is to foam a working fluid with an inert gas to obtain a foamed working fluid. In other words, the invention of the present application is
Inert gas bubbling at the contact area with metal workpiece
Performing cutting while supplying the supplied machining fluid, grinding
Inert gas is applied to the contact area between the tool and the metal workpiece.
Grinding while supplying the bubbling processing fluid
Or the contact between the plastic working tool and the metal workpiece
Supply working fluid bubbled by inert gas to the contact area
It is characterized by performing plastic working while
You.

[0006]

When the working fluid is bubbled with the inert gas, the inert gas is confined in the working fluid. Compared with ordinary machining fluids, foamed machining fluids adhere to the surface of machining tools and workpieces and tend to stay there, so the inert gas trapped in them also stays together. Become.

[0007]

Therefore, in addition to the effects obtained by the processing method using the foamed processing liquid , such as the reduction of the amount of the processing liquid used, the avoidance of dust scattering, and the prevention of the occurrence of thermal cracks in the processing tool, the processing using an inert gas is also possible. The effect of suppressing a chemical reaction of a tool or a metal workpiece can be enjoyed.
In addition, since the inert gas is confined in the working fluid, it does not diffuse to the surroundings, and can stably cover the periphery of the processing portion with a small amount of the inert gas, and the amount of the inert gas used can be reduced. . Furthermore, when the inert gas is blown directly around the processing part, the inert gas is not visible and it is difficult to confirm whether or not the processing part can be properly covered. In contrast to the use of an extra inert gas, the foamed working fluid is visible and easy to confirm, eliminating the need to use an extra inert gas. The effect of reducing the amount of inert gas used can be obtained.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following is a working example of a metal according to the present invention .
Will be described together with an example of an apparatus for generating a foamed working liquid. In FIG. 2, the coolant tank 10
A coolant 12 which is a kind of a working fluid is accommodated therein. This coolant is obtained by removing an antifoaming agent from a normal water-soluble coolant to facilitate foaming. Coolant 1
2 is pumped by a pump 14 and supplied to a pressurized tank 16. The level of the coolant level in the pressurized tank 16 is detected by a level sensor 18, and the detection result is supplied to the control device 20. The control device 20 controls the pump 14 based on the detection result, and maintains the height of the coolant level in the pressurized tank 16 within a predetermined constant height range.

A cylinder 30 is connected to the upper part of the pressure tank 16 by a pressure passage 28 provided with a regulator 26. Argon 31 which is a kind of rare gas is stored in the cylinder 30 at a high pressure, adjusted to an appropriate pressure by the regulator 26 and supplied to the pressurized tank 16.
As a result, the coolant 12 is pressure-fed from the pressurized tank 16 to the coolant supply passage 32, and is supplied to the foaming head 36 via the control valve 34 having an opening / closing function and a variable throttle function. The cylinder 30 is also connected to the foaming head 36 by a gas supply passage 38.
8, a control valve 40 similar to the control valve 34 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the foaming head 36 has a nozzle portion 46 whose flow path area gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end.
And a diffuser portion 48 which is formed continuously with the nozzle portion 46 and whose flow passage area gradually increases from the rear end toward the front end. The gas supply passage 38 is connected to the rear end of the nozzle 46, and the coolant supply passage 32 is connected to the diffuser 4.
8 is connected to the rear end. Since this rear end is a position where the flow rate of the argon gas 31 supplied from the gas supply passage 38 is maximized and the pressure is minimized, the coolant 12 supplied from the coolant supply passage 32 is sucked out and the argon gas Mixed with. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the argon gas 31 of the cylinder 30 is supplied to the pressurized tank 16, and the coolant 12 is pressure-fed from the pressurized tank 16 to the foaming head 36, but this is indispensable. is not.

As described above, the coolant 12 is foamed by mixing the coolant 12 and the argon gas 31 to form the foamed coolant 50. In the apparatus of the present embodiment, in order to further improve the foaming, the diffuser is used. A porous body 52 is provided at the tip of the portion 48. By changing the size of the pores of the porous body 52, the size of the foam of the foam-like coolant 50 can be changed. The foamed coolant 50 has a creamy shape when the foam is fine, and has a literally foamy shape when the foam is large.

While the regulator 26 is manually operated by an operator, the control valves 34 and 40 are controlled by the controller 20. Although not shown, the control device 20 is connected to a main control device of a machine tool (for example, an NC milling machine), and is controlled by the main control device together with other devices of the machine tool. By controlling the opening and closing of the control valves 34 and 40 and the flow rate according to a predetermined program,
An appropriate amount of the foamed coolant 50 appropriately foamed is discharged from the foaming head 36.

The foamed coolant 50 is supplied, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, around a processing portion of a milling cutter 56 and a workpiece 58 cut by the milling cutter 56. The foaming head 36 is also attached to the spindle head to which the milling cutter 56 is attached, so that the foaming coolant 50 is continuously supplied to the vicinity of the processing site while moving with the milling cutter 56. Reference numeral 60 denotes a throw-away tip of the milling cutter 56.

As a result, as shown in the figure, the cutting is performed in a state where the periphery of the processing portion between the throw-away tip 60 and the workpiece 58 is covered with the foam-like coolant 50. The portion which becomes high temperature by the cutting heat is covered with a chemically extremely stable argon gas, and the effect of suppressing the chemical reaction of the working tool or the workpiece can be enjoyed. Moreover, since the argon gas 31 is confined in the bubbles of the coolant 12, it does not diffuse into the atmosphere, and the small amount of argon gas can effectively suppress the chemical reaction.

Further, the foamed coolant 50 is used for the coolant 1.
2 and, in practice, sufficient lubrication and adequate cooling can be achieved. The foam-like coolant 50 has a higher stagnation property with respect to the milling cutter 56 and the workpiece 58 than the liquid coolant, and is gradually supplied to the processing site. The lubrication between the indexable insert 60 and the workpiece 58 can be satisfactorily lubricated. Even if machining requires a higher concentration of coolant, the coolant 1
If 2 is supplied in the form of a foam, a small amount of coolant is required, and the amount of coolant that adheres to chips and the workpiece 58 and is discarded is reduced.

Further, since the foamed coolant 50 contains argon gas as a gas, the cooling capacity is lower than that of the coolant 12 itself. The occurrence of cracks is prevented. In addition, if the foamed coolant 50 is used for grinding or cutting a work piece made of a brittle material such as cast iron, dust generated during machining is captured by the foamed coolant 50 and diffused into the atmosphere. Is prevented.

In the above-described embodiment, a foamy coolant is obtained by bubbling a water-soluble coolant, which is a kind of working fluid, with argon gas, which is a kind of rare gas.
The working fluid may be oily, and the inert gas may be any other rare gas such as helium gas, or any other chemically stable gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas. The types of the working fluid and the inert gas should be appropriately selected according to the intended use of the foamed working fluid and the target material. Further, the device for foaming the working fluid is not limited to the one in the above-mentioned embodiment, and other devices can be adopted as well as those described in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 3-290958. It is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view conceptually showing a usage example of a foamed coolant according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram illustrating an example of an apparatus for generating the foamed coolant.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing a foaming head of the device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12: Coolant 31: Argon gas 50: Foam coolant 56: Milling cutter 58: Workpiece 60: Indexable tip

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-52-39876 (JP, A) JP-B-55-8292 (JP, B1) Yukihiko Ohno, one other, “Basic research on boundary wear” , Precision Machinery, issued by the Precision Society of Japan, March, 1991, Vol. 41, No. 3, p. 85-91 (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23Q 11/10 C10M 177/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A contact portion between a cutting tool and a metal workpiece.
To supply a working fluid which is bubbled by inert gas quality
A cutting method characterized by performing one cutting process . 2. A contact portion between a grinding tool and a metal workpiece.
Supply the working fluid bubbled by the inert gas
A grinding method characterized by performing grinding. 3. Contact between a plastic working tool and a metal workpiece
Supply the working fluid bubbled by the inert gas
A processing method characterized by performing plastic working while performing.