JP2870382B2 - Ceramic building materials - Google Patents
Ceramic building materialsInfo
- Publication number
- JP2870382B2 JP2870382B2 JP5276771A JP27677193A JP2870382B2 JP 2870382 B2 JP2870382 B2 JP 2870382B2 JP 5276771 A JP5276771 A JP 5276771A JP 27677193 A JP27677193 A JP 27677193A JP 2870382 B2 JP2870382 B2 JP 2870382B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic building
- building material
- weight
- parts
- clay
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0051—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は軽量なセラミック建材に
係り、特に耐凍害性に優れたセラミック建材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lightweight ceramic building material, and more particularly to a ceramic building material having excellent frost damage resistance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】軽量なセラミック建材として、発泡セラ
ミック建材が周知である。一般に、セラミック建材は粘
土等の原料を混合、成形及び焼成して製造されるのであ
るが、この原料にＳｉＣ（炭化珪素）などの発泡剤を添
加することにより、焼成時に素地が発泡し、発泡セラミ
ック建材が製造される。2. Description of the Related Art Foamed ceramic building materials are well known as lightweight ceramic building materials. Generally, ceramic building materials are manufactured by mixing, molding, and firing raw materials such as clay. By adding a foaming agent such as SiC (silicon carbide) to the raw materials, the base material foams during firing, resulting in foaming. Ceramic building materials are manufactured.
【０００３】ところで、セラミックに浸み込んだ水が凍
結すると、体積膨張してセラミックに凍害（クラック発
生）を引き起こす。[0003] When water soaked in a ceramic freezes, the ceramic expands in volume and causes frost damage (cracks) on the ceramic.
【０００４】このような凍害を防止するために、従来は
発泡セラミック建材を高温度で焼成することにより素地
を磁器化させて吸水率を低くするようにしている。In order to prevent such freezing damage, conventionally, foamed ceramic building materials are fired at a high temperature to convert the base material into porcelain to lower the water absorption.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】発泡セラミック建材を
浴室等の高湿度環境下で使用すると、たとえ磁器化させ
たセラミック建材であっても、微細な欠陥（マイクロク
ラック）を通して水蒸気が建材内部に浸入し、凍害をひ
き起こす。なお、発泡セラミック建材は、発泡体である
から、内部は脆いものとなっており、凍害が発生し易
い。When a foamed ceramic building material is used in a high-humidity environment such as a bathroom, even if the ceramic building material is made of porcelain, water vapor penetrates into the building material through fine defects (microcracks). And cause frost damage. In addition, since the foamed ceramic building material is a foam, the inside is brittle, and frost damage is likely to occur.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、軽量で且つ耐凍害性に優
れたセラミック建材を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic building material which is lightweight and has excellent frost damage resistance.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のセラミック建材
は、嵩比重１．２〜１．８、気孔率２０〜５０％であ
り、気孔のうち直径０．１μｍ以下の微細気孔の割合が
５０％以上であることを特徴とするものである。The ceramic building material of the present invention has a bulk specific gravity of 1.2 to 1.8 and a porosity of 20 to 50%, and the proportion of fine pores having a diameter of 0.1 μm or less among the pores is 50%. % Or more.
【０００８】以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
【０００９】本発明のセラミック建材は、原料を混合、
成形及び焼成して製造される。The ceramic building material of the present invention is obtained by mixing raw materials,
It is manufactured by molding and firing.
【００１０】原料は長石及び粘土が好適であるが、珪砂
を添加しても良い。さらに、焼成時に発泡させるために
ＳｉＣ粉末を添加する。The raw material is preferably feldspar and clay, but silica sand may be added. Further, SiC powder is added for foaming during firing.
【００１１】長石と粘土との割合は、長石１００重量部
に対し粘土３０〜１００重量部とりわけ４０〜８０重量
部程度が好ましい。The proportion of feldspar to clay is preferably 30 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably about 40 to 80 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of feldspar.
【００１２】なお、粘土がこの範囲よりも少ないと成形
が困難であり、この範囲よりも多いと耐火度が高くな
り、また焼成時に亀裂等が発生し易くなる。If the amount of clay is less than this range, molding is difficult. If the amount of clay is more than this range, the fire resistance is increased, and cracks and the like tend to occur during firing.
【００１３】珪砂を添加する場合には、長石及び粘土の
合量１００重量部に対し１５０重量部以下とりわけ１２
０重量部以下とするのが好ましい。この珪砂を添加する
ことにより、寸法精度が高くなる。When silica sand is added, 150 parts by weight or less, especially 12 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of feldspar and clay are added.
The content is preferably 0 parts by weight or less. By adding this silica sand, dimensional accuracy is increased.
【００１４】ＳｉＣは、平均粒径５μｍ以下とりわけ平
均粒径１〜４μｍのものを長石、粘土及び珪砂の合計量
（珪砂がないときには長石及び粘土の合計量）１００重
量部に対し０．０４〜０．１２重量部とりわけ０．０６
〜０．１０重量部添加するのが好ましい。SiC has an average particle diameter of 5 μm or less, especially an average particle diameter of 1 to 4 μm, and is preferably 0.04 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of feldspar, clay and silica sand (the total amount of feldspar and clay when silica sand is not present). 0.12 parts by weight, especially 0.06
It is preferable to add ０．１0.10 parts by weight.
【００１５】このＳｉＣの粒径、添加量を調整すると共
に、焼成温度を調整することにより、直径０．１μｍ以
下の気泡を主体とする発泡セラミック建材が製造され
る。By adjusting the particle size and addition amount of the SiC and adjusting the firing temperature, a foamed ceramic building material mainly composed of cells having a diameter of 0.1 μm or less is manufactured.
【００１６】なお、長石−粘土系又は長石−粘土−珪砂
系に対し、さらにタイル粉砕物、陶石などの骨材を添加
しても良い。この骨材を添加することにより、焼成時の
焼成収縮を小さくすることができ、セラミック建材の寸
法精度が向上される。また、骨材の量を変えることによ
り、セラミック建材の比重を調整することができる。骨
材としてカラー骨材を用いることにより、セラミック建
材に色付けや模様付けすることができる。The feldspar-clay or feldspar-clay-silica sand may further contain aggregates such as crushed tiles and pottery stones. By adding this aggregate, firing shrinkage during firing can be reduced, and the dimensional accuracy of the ceramic building material is improved. In addition, the specific gravity of the ceramic building material can be adjusted by changing the amount of the aggregate. By using color aggregates as the aggregate, ceramic building materials can be colored or patterned.
【００１７】なお、本発明では、メチルセルロース、ポ
リビニルアルコールなどのバインダーを用いても良い。In the present invention, a binder such as methylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol may be used.
【００１８】このような原料は、ボールミル等の粉砕機
中で粉砕及び混合された後、水がスプレーにて添加さ
れ、プレス成形機あるいは押出成形機などの成形機で成
形される。その後、成形体を乾燥し、焼成することによ
り発泡セラミック建材が製造される。Such raw materials are pulverized and mixed in a pulverizer such as a ball mill, and then water is added thereto by spraying, followed by molding with a molding machine such as a press molding machine or an extrusion molding machine. Thereafter, the molded body is dried and fired to produce a foamed ceramic building material.
【００１９】この焼成温度は、好ましくは１１５０〜１
２５０℃の範囲から選定される。The firing temperature is preferably 1150-1.
It is selected from the range of 250 ° C.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】本発明のセラミック建材において、比重が１．
２よりも小さいと、建材としての強度が不足し、また、
吸水率も過度に高くなる。比重が１．８よりも高いと、
重量が大きく、従来のセラミックス建材との差別化をつ
け難い。また、高比重となるように焼成すると、焼成収
縮が大きくなり、建材としての寸法精度が悪くなる。気
孔率が５０％よりも高くなったり、２０％よりも低くな
った場合も同様である。In the ceramic building material of the present invention, the specific gravity is 1.
If it is smaller than 2, the strength as a building material is insufficient, and
The water absorption also becomes excessively high. If the specific gravity is higher than 1.8,
It is heavy and difficult to differentiate from conventional ceramic building materials. Further, when firing is performed so as to have a high specific gravity, firing shrinkage increases, and dimensional accuracy as a building material deteriorates. The same applies when the porosity is higher than 50% or lower than 20%.
【００２１】気孔のうち、直径０．１μｍ以下の微細気
孔を５０％（体積％）以上とりわけ６０〜９０％とする
ことにより、水蒸気吸収が小さくなると共に、建材内部
の脆さも解消され、更に未凍結閉塞水も生じ難くなるた
め、耐凍害性が向上される。気孔に占める直径０．１μ
ｍ以下の微細気孔の割合は、前記の通り、ＳｉＣの量、
粒径、焼成温度により調整できる。By making the fine pores having a diameter of 0.1 μm or less out of the pores to be 50% (volume%) or more, especially 60 to 90%, the water vapor absorption is reduced and the brittleness inside the building material is also eliminated. Since freezing water is hardly generated, the frost damage resistance is improved. 0.1μ diameter occupying pores
m or less, as described above, the amount of SiC,
It can be adjusted by the particle size and firing temperature.
【００２２】[0022]
【実施例】以下、実施例及び比較例について説明する。EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples will be described below.
【００２３】実験Ｎｏ．１〜８ 長石（種類阿山長石等）６０重量部、粘土（種類増井蛙
目、井上木節等）４０重量部に対し、平均粒径３μｍの
ＳｉＣを表１の割合で添加し、ボールミルにて２４ｈ混
合した後、この泥漿をスプレー造粒し、含水率６〜７％
とした。次いで成形圧２７０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 で乾式プレス
成形し、大きさ５×５×０．６ｃｍの板状成形体を成形
した。この成形体をローラーハースキルンにて１２２０
℃、焼成時間１２０分にて焼成した。Experiment No. 1 to 8 To 60 parts by weight of feldspar (type Ayama feldspar, etc.) and 40 parts by weight of clay (type Masui Frogme, Inoue Kibushi, etc.), SiC having an average particle size of 3 μm was added at a ratio shown in Table 1, and then subjected to ball milling. After mixing for 24 hours, this slurry is spray-granulated and the water content is 6 to 7%.
And Subsequently, dry press molding was performed at a molding pressure of 270 kg / cm 2 to form a plate-like molded body having a size of 5 × 5 × 0.6 cm. This molded body is rolled in roller hearth kiln 1220
Firing was performed at 120 ° C. for a firing time of 120 minutes.
【００２４】得られた発泡セラミック建材について、嵩
比重、気孔率及び気孔分布を測定した。気孔率及び気孔
分布はポロシメータで測定した。さらにＪＩＳ １４５
２凍結融解装置による耐凍害性試験を行なった。なお、
ＪＩＳ １４５２では２４ｈ吸水を行なうこととしてい
るが、本実施例では煮沸吸水させることにより、全気泡
に水を吸収させるより過酷な条件下で耐凍害性試験を行
なった。この結果を表１に示す。The resulting foamed ceramic building material was measured for bulk specific gravity, porosity, and pore distribution. Porosity and pore distribution were measured with a porosimeter. In addition, JIS 145
(2) A freeze-thaw resistance test was performed using a freeze-thaw apparatus. In addition,
According to JIS 1452, water absorption is performed for 24 hours. However, in this example, a frost damage resistance test was performed under more severe conditions in which water was absorbed by boiling to absorb water in all bubbles. Table 1 shows the results.
【００２５】なお、表における凍結融解試験結果は、凍
結、融解を繰り返し、凍害が発生するまでに要したサイ
クル数を示す。３００サイクル経過しても何ら異常の見
当らないものを合格とする。The results of the freeze-thaw test in the table show the number of cycles required until freezing and thawing were repeated and freezing damage occurred. If no abnormality is found even after 300 cycles, the test is passed.
【００２６】[0026]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２７】実験Ｎｏ．９〜１６ 長石７０重量部、粘土３０重量部としたこと以外は実験
Ｎｏ．１〜８と同様にして発泡セラミック建材を製造
し、同様の物性試験を行なった。結果を表２に示す。Experiment No. Experiment Nos. 9 to 16 except that 70 parts by weight of feldspar and 30 parts by weight of clay were used. Foamed ceramic building materials were manufactured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 8, and similar physical property tests were performed. Table 2 shows the results.
【００２８】[0028]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２９】実験Ｎｏ．１７〜４８ Ｎｏ．１〜８において焼成温度を１１９０℃，１２００
℃，１２１０℃又は１２３０℃としたこと以外は同様に
して発泡セラミック建材を製造し、同様の物性試験を行
なった。その結果を表３〜６に併せて示す。Experiment No. 17-48 No. In 1-8, the firing temperature was 1190 ° C, 1200
A foamed ceramic building material was manufactured in the same manner except that the temperature was changed to 12, 1010 ° C, or 1230 ° C, and the same physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Tables 3 to 6.
【００３０】[0030]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３１】[0031]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３２】[0032]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００３３】[0033]
【表６】 [Table 6]
【００３４】表１〜６より明らかな通り、本発明の発泡
セラミック建材は、耐凍害性にきわめて優れる。As is clear from Tables 1 to 6, the foamed ceramic building material of the present invention is extremely excellent in frost damage resistance.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上の通り、本発明のセラミック建材は
軽量でしかも耐凍害性にきわめて優れる。As described above, the ceramic building material of the present invention is lightweight and extremely excellent in frost damage resistance.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 美濃部 好數 岐阜県土岐郡笠原町字梅平4022番地 佐 治タイル株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−132370（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−145156（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭54−125208（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−219378（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−2674（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C04B 38/00 304 C04B 38/02 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshino Minobe 4022 Umehira, Kasahara-cho, Toki-gun, Gifu Prefecture Inside Saji Tile Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-132370 (JP, A) JP-A Sho 56-145156 (JP, A) JP-A-54-125208 (JP, A) JP-A-4-219378 (JP, A) JP-A-4-2674 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C04B 38/00 304 C04B 38/02
Claims (1)
０％であり、気孔のうち直径０．１μｍ以下の微細気孔
の割合が５０％以上であることを特徴とする耐凍害性に
優れたセラミック建材。1. Bulk specific gravity 1.2 to 1.8, porosity 20 to 5
0%, and the ratio of fine pores having a diameter of 0.1 μm or less among the pores is 50% or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5276771A JP2870382B2 (en) | 1993-11-05 | 1993-11-05 | Ceramic building materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5276771A JP2870382B2 (en) | 1993-11-05 | 1993-11-05 | Ceramic building materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07133169A JPH07133169A (en) | 1995-05-23 |
| JP2870382B2 true JP2870382B2 (en) | 1999-03-17 |
Family
ID=17574131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5276771A Expired - Lifetime JP2870382B2 (en) | 1993-11-05 | 1993-11-05 | Ceramic building materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2870382B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007186367A (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-26 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | Lightweight tile |
| JP2007246364A (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-27 | Inax Corp | Lightweight foamed tile and method of producing the same |
| JP4835297B2 (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ | Lightweight foamed inorganic building materials and lightweight building panels |
| LT5426B (en) | 2006-07-05 | 2007-06-26 | Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas | Frost resistance and long service life porous ceramics |
| KR100921648B1 (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2009-10-14 | 대한민국(교육과학기술부 국립중앙과학관장) | Pottery having SiC powder and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP7304237B2 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2023-07-06 | 株式会社Lixil | Inorganic porous molded body |
-
1993
- 1993-11-05 JP JP5276771A patent/JP2870382B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07133169A (en) | 1995-05-23 |
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