JP2866066B2 - Rotary valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary valve for switching a flow path of a fluid such as hydraulic oil by rotating the rotary valve.

[0002] The term "rotation" refers to 360 rotation about the axis of rotation.
Includes angular displacements of less than 360 degrees and more than 360 degrees.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In a typical prior art, a driver's seat of a backhoe is operated in a front-rear direction and a left-right direction of a first handle to push and pull an arm and a left and right side of a swivel on which the arm is mounted. The second handle is provided so as to be angularly displaceable in order to switch the operation mode. In a state where the second handle is set at the first position, a first operation mode is achieved in which the arm is pushed and pulled in the front-rear direction of the first handle, and the turntable is turned left and right by the left and right operations of the first handle. Is done. In the state where the second handle is in the second angular displacement position, a second operation mode in which the turntable is turned left and right by operating the first handle in the front-rear direction and the arm is pushed and pulled by operating the first handle in the left and right direction. Can be achieved. This allows the first and second
The operator who is accustomed to one of the above operation modes can smoothly drive the backhoe in the desired operation mode.

[0004] The rotary valve operated by the second handle may be exposed outside the driver's seat, and in such a configuration, rainwater or dust may enter the sliding portion to generate rust. There is a risk of failure. Although grease is interposed in the sliding portion of the rotary valve, it is difficult to prevent infiltration of rainwater or dust for a long period of time, and the grease protrudes outside and flows away.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary valve capable of reliably achieving airtightness of a sliding portion of the rotary valve with low sliding.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a rotary valve for switching a flow path by angularly displacing a rotary sleeve surrounding a fixed block so that the rotary sleeve is formed by opposing end faces of the fixed block and the rotary sleeve. An annular storage space that becomes narrower inward in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis is formed, and an annular seal material abutting on each of the end faces is housed in the storage space and interposed. The rotary valve has a resilient force that reduces in the direction, whereby the seal member resiliently comes into contact with each of the end faces. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the sealing material is an O-ring. Also, in the present invention, the rotation axis is:
One of the end surfaces extending vertically and facing each other is formed so that one lower end surface is inclined so as to become higher as it becomes radially inward, and the other upper end surface is perpendicular to the rotation axis. It is characterized by being formed. The present invention also provides
A rotary valve is provided at a lower portion of a hydraulic remote control valve, and a rotary valve is provided for the operation of an earth-moving machine. The rotary valve is fixed to a lower portion of a valve body. A fixed block having a shaft portion having an outer peripheral surface coaxial with the rotation axis and having a substantially right cylindrical shape, and an outward flange formed vertically above and below the shaft portion; and (b) a handle. Is fixed, and has a rotating sleeve surrounding the shaft portion. (C) With each end face of the outwardly directed flange of the fixed block and the rotating sleeve, the inner surface becomes radially inward about the rotating axis of the rotating sleeve. (D) an annular sealing material that is in contact with each of the end faces is housed in the accommodating space, and the sealing material has a resilient force that decreases in the circumferential direction. , Whereby the sealing member is Elastically to abut the end face is a rotary valve with operating valve for earth moving machine operations, wherein. Further, in the present invention, the sealing material is an O-ring, and of the opposing end surfaces, one of the lower end surfaces is formed so as to be inclined downward as it becomes radially inward,
The other upper end surface is formed perpendicular to the rotation axis.

According to the present invention, a sealing material such as an O-ring is interposed between opposed end faces of a fixed block and a rotating sleeve which constitute a rotary valve.
An annular storage space that becomes narrower inward in the radial direction around the rotation axis of the rotating sleeve is formed, and a sealing material is interposed in the storage space, and the sealing material has an elastic force that decreases in the circumferential direction. However, both ends are resiliently contacted and slidably contacted, so that the airtightness of the radially inner space surrounded by the sealing material is achieved with low sliding. Since this sealing material has a resilient force that decreases in the circumferential direction, a circumferential tension acts on the sealing material, so that when the sealing material is worn, the radius of the annular storage space is reduced. The airtightness can always be achieved by inward in the direction. Further, according to the present invention, since the sealing material has a resilient force that contracts in the circumferential direction, resiliently contacts both end faces, and furthermore, tension acts in the circumferential direction as described above, There is no need to increase the processing accuracy of the fixed block and the rotating sleeve, and the allowable range of processing errors increases. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the sealing material is configured to slide on the both end surfaces by its resilient force, and is not configured to greatly deform the sealing material, so that the torque for operating the rotating sleeve becomes too large. There is no danger and the rotating sleeve can be operated with stable torque for a long period of time. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the sealing material is made of a synthetic rubber and a synthetic resin having excellent weather resistance, and can be made of an O-ring having a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis in a natural state, that is, in a state where no external force is applied. Good. According to the present invention, one of the lower end faces of the upper and lower end faces with which the sealing material abuts,
The inclined surface is inclined upward so as to be closer to the inside in the radial direction, that is, downward from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. As a result, even when the rotary valve is exposed to the outside and comes into contact with rainwater, the rainwater easily slides down on the one end face, and therefore, there is no danger that the rainwater enters the inside. The other upper end face of the opposing end faces is formed perpendicular to the rotation axis to facilitate manufacture. Further in accordance with the invention, the present rotary valve is used for an operating valve with a rotary valve for operating earthmoving machines. The earthmoving machine may be, for example, a shovel-based excavator such as a backhoe, a tractor-based earthmoving machine such as a tractor and a bulldozer, and further includes a loading machine such as a tractor shovel, and a leveling / compacting machine. The rotary valve is provided below the hydraulic remote control valve and performs earthworks.
The oil passages to the two actuators respectively driving the two working bodies are selectively switched and connected. With this, for example, in the backhoe, the handle provided on the hydraulic remote control valve is operated in the front and rear direction to push and pull the arm,
A first operation mode in which the swivel table is turned left and right by operating in the left and right direction, and a left and right turn of the swivel table by operating the handle of the hydraulic remote control valve in the front and rear direction, and the arm is operated in the left and right direction And the second operation mode in which the push / pull operation is performed by operating the operation handle of the rotary valve. The two working bodies that perform the earthwork are, for example, an arm and a swivel base in a backhoe, and one of the two actuators pushes and pulls the arm, and the other swings the swivel base left and right. .

[0008]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a part of a rotary valve 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rotary valve 1 is used as a backhoe operating valve 2 which is a hydraulic remote control valve. The rotary valve 1 and the backhoe operating valve 2 constitute an operating valve with a rotary valve for operating an earth-moving machine. The rotary valve 1 basically includes a fixed block 3 provided at a fixed position and a rotary sleeve 4 capable of angular displacement, and the rotary sleeve 4 is angularly displaced by an operation handle 5.

The fixed block 3 has a shaft portion 6 and upper and lower outward flanges 7 and 8. The shaft portion 6 has an outer peripheral surface 10 that is coaxial with the rotation axis 9 of the rotating sleeve 4, and the outer peripheral surface 10
The cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis 9 is circular and the rotation axis 9
Are substantially right circular cylinders that are uniform along. The outward flange 7 is formed integrally with the shaft portion 6, and the other outward flange 8
It is formed by an end plate 60 detachably fixed to the shaft portion 6 by a bolt or the like.

The end surface 1 of the rotary sleeve 4 along the rotation axis 9
1 and 12 are perpendicular to the axis of rotation 9 and are therefore easy to manufacture. End faces 13 and 14 of the outward flanges 7 and 8 facing the end faces 11 and 12 are formed to be inclined with respect to the end faces 11 and 12.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the end faces 11 and 13. The end face 13 is above the end face 11 and is inclined at an angle θ1 with respect to the end face 11, and the angle θ1 may be, for example, 20 degrees. The end face 13 forms an annular storage space 15 that becomes narrower inward in the radial direction (rightward in FIG. 2) about the rotation axis 9. End face 1
3 has a rotation axis 9 at its radially inner end 16.
The peripheral surface 17 is connected to an end surface 18 perpendicular to the rotation axis 9. A stopper 19 is provided upright on the outward flange 7, and the stopper 19 fits into an arc groove 20 formed in the rotating sleeve 4. The groove 20 is formed in an arc shape around the rotation axis 9, and the both end surfaces in the circumferential direction abut against the stopper 19 to limit the amount of angular displacement of the rotation sleeve 4.

An O-ring 21 serving as an annular sealing material is housed and interposed in the housing space 15. This O-ring 2
1 contacts both end surfaces 11 and 13. The O-ring 21 has a resilient force that expands elastically and contracts in the circumferential direction, and a tensile force acts in the circumferential direction. Therefore, an elastic force is applied to the O-ring 21 to enter the inside of the storage space 15 in the radial direction. Therefore, low sliding and airtightness are ensured, and intrusion of rainwater or dust from the outside is prevented. Even if the O-ring 21 is worn, the O-ring 21 resiliently comes into contact with the end surfaces 11 and 13 as long as the O-ring 21 enters the storage space 15 in the radial direction and the gap 22 exists between the O-ring 21 and the peripheral surface 17. ,
Airtightness is ensured for a long period. Furthermore, since the O-ring 21 is not crushed between the end faces 11 and 13, the torque for the angular displacement operation of the rotary sleeve 4 does not become excessive, and an appropriate torque is stably maintained. be able to. Further, since the O-ring 21 is allowed to be displaced inward in the radial direction of the storage space 15, the processing accuracy of the fixed block 3 and the rotating sleeve 4, that is, the end faces 11 and 13 can be reduced.

End face 1 formed on another outwardly facing collar 8
Reference numeral 4 is below the end face 12 and is formed so as to be inclined upward as it goes inward in the radial direction. Another upper end face 12 is formed perpendicular to the rotation axis 9. The storage space 23 between these end faces 12 and 14 has O
A ring 24 is interposed. The end surface 14 is continuous with the peripheral surface 25 inward in the radial direction, and further connected with the end surface 26 as in the above-described configuration. Other configurations are the same as those described above. As described above, the end face 14 is formed so as to be higher as it goes inward in the radial direction, and thus lower as it goes outward in the radial direction. Also slides down radially outward, and rainwater is reliably prevented from entering the interior.

An annular groove 27 is formed in the shaft portion 6, an O-ring 28 serving as a sealing material is fitted therein, and slides on a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 29 parallel to the axis 9 of the rotating sleeve 4 to improve airtightness. Secured. An annular groove 30 is formed on the inner peripheral surface 29 of the rotary sleeve 4 at an interval from the groove 27 along the rotation axis 9. An O-ring 31 as a sealing material is fitted into the concave groove 30 and slidably contacts the outer peripheral surface 10 of the shaft portion 6 in the shape of a right column, thereby achieving airtightness.

Furthermore, the O-ring 33 in which the concave groove 32 is formed on the end face of the shaft portion 6 ensures airtightness with the outward flange 8. The high-pressure oil inside is sealed by these O-rings 28, 31, 33.

Since the rotary sleeve 4 is operated to switch the operation mode between, for example, pushing and pulling the arm of the backhoe and turning the swivel table right and left, the operation frequency is low. Therefore, the amount of wear caused by the sliding contact between the O-rings 21 and 24 is very small, and the airtightness is ensured for a long period of time.

Grease is filled between opposing surfaces that are radially inward of the O-rings 21 and 24, are higher than the O-ring 28, and are lower than the O-ring 31, to facilitate sliding. In addition, airtightness is reliably achieved, and infiltration of rainwater or dust is prevented.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Note that in this embodiment,
An end face 18 of the outward flange 7 is formed perpendicular to the axis 9, whereas the rotating sleeve 4 has an inclined end face 3.
4 are formed. The end surface 34 is formed so as to be inclined below the end surface 18 so as to be higher inward in the radial direction. As a result, the infiltration of rain from the outside can be reliably prevented as in the case of the inclined end surface 14 described above. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention. The rotating sleeve 4 and the outward flange 7 are formed with inclined end surfaces 35 and 36, respectively, and the O-ring 21 is interposed therebetween. The lower end face 35 is formed so as to be inclined upward as it goes inward in the radial direction, and the upper end face 36 is formed so as to be inclined downward as it goes inward in the radial direction. Such a configuration is also included in the spirit of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an annular seal member 37 having a trapezoidal cross section is used instead of the O-ring 21 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing the overall structure of the backhoe operating valve 2 provided with the rotary valve 1. An operation handle 40 is provided on an upper part of the switching valve body 38 so as to be swingable around a spherical seat 39.

FIG. 7 is a simplified plan view of the valve body 38. In a state where the operation handle 5 of the rotary valve 1 is in the first angular displacement position shown in FIG. 7, the arm of the backhoe is pushed and pulled by operating the operation handle 40 in the front and rear directions 41 and 42. By operating the operation handle 40 in the left and right directions 43 and 44 in FIG. 7, the turntable turns left and right. Thus, the first operation mode shown in FIG. 7 is achieved.

FIG. 8 is a simplified plan view of the valve body 38 showing a state when the operation handle 5 of the rotary valve 1 is set at the second angular displacement position. Operate handle 40 in front-rear direction 4
1 and 42, the swivel of the backhoe turns clockwise and counterclockwise.
The arm is pushed or pulled by the angular displacement of. As described above, the operation of pushing and pulling the arm due to the swing displacement of the operation handle 40 in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction and the turning of the swivel table in the left-right direction are performed by the other operation handle 5.
Thus, the second operation mode shown in FIG. 8 can be achieved.

FIG. 9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a connection state of the rotary valve 1 in the first operation mode shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a second operation mode shown in FIG. Referring also to FIG. 6, the hydraulic oil from the pump is supplied from a pipe 46, and the pipe 45 is connected to a tank. A first actuator such as a cylinder for driving the arm is connected to the pilot operated switching valve 47,
Further, a second actuator such as a cylinder for turning the swivel table from side to side is connected to the pilot-operated switching valve 48. The operating valve 2 according to the present invention applies pilot pressure of these switching valves 47, 48 to the switching valves 47, 48. The valve body 38 includes a pair of first switching valves 4 driven in opposite directions by an operating handle 40.
9, 50 and another pair of second switching valves 51, 51, driven in opposite directions by the left and right directions 43, 44.
52 is built-in. The rotary valve 1 includes the two pairs of switching valves 49, 50; 51, 52, and pilot-operated switching valves 47, 48 for driving the first and second actuators. As shown in FIG. 10, connection is made by switching in accordance with the first and second angular displacement positions of the operation handle 5.

The shaft 6 of the rotary valve 1 is connected to pipes 46 and 45, respectively, and is connected to a pump and a tank.
Flow paths 55 and 54 extending into the valve body 38 are formed and connected to the respective switching valves 49 to 52. The switching valves 49 to 52 forming a pair in each set are connected to flow paths 56 to 59 formed to extend from the valve body 38 into the fixed block 3 of the rotary valve 1. Further, in the fixed block 3, flow paths 61 to 64 connected to the pilot operated switching valves 47 and 48 are formed from the end plate 60 forming the outward flange 8. Facing the outer peripheral surface 10 of the shaft portion 6, these flow paths 56 to 59;
However, they are opened at positions spaced apart in the circumferential direction along the rotation axis 9, that is, at intervals above and below in FIG. 6.
The rotating sleeve 4 has a channel 65-
68 are formed. Each flow path 65 to 68 of the rotating sleeve 4
Accordingly, each of the flow paths 56 to 59 and each of the flow paths 61 to 64 of the fixed block are connected one-to-one in accordance with the angular position of the operation handle 5, and the connection state shown in FIGS. Each achieved.

The operating pieces 71, 72 of the pair of second switching valves 51, 52 are arranged in a horizontal direction on a virtual straight line perpendicular to the rotation axis 9 at the center of the spherical seat 39. . The operation pieces 71 and 72 are pressed on both sides of the spherical seat 39 by the operation handle 40. The operating piece 71 of one of the switching valves 51 is provided with a spring force upward in FIG. 6 by a built-in first spring, and is connected to the operating piece 71 by a built-in second spring having a built-in valve body. Actuating piece 71 is first
The valve body is displaced downward by being pushed down in FIG. 6 against the spring force of the spring, and the flow path 58
When the operation piece 71 is displaced upward by the spring force of the first spring, the flow path 58 communicates with the tank flow path 54, and in the neutral state of the operation handle 40, the flow path 58 is connected to the pump flow path 55. It is shut off by the tank channel 54. The same applies to the other switching valve 52.

Another pair of first switching valves 49, 5
0 also has the same configuration as the second switching valves 51 and 52, and crosses the rotation axis 9 and moves back and forth on an imaginary straight line perpendicular to the aforementioned straight line where the second switching valves 51 and 52 are arranged. Placed in the direction.

The rotary valve of the present invention can be used not only for earthmoving machines,
It can be implemented in a wide range in connection with other hydraulic and pneumatic rotary valves.

[0029]

According to the present invention, the opposing end faces of the fixed block of the rotary valve and the rotary sleeve form a storage space which becomes narrower inward in the radial direction, and the sealing material is stored in this storage space. This sealing material has a resilient force that contracts in the circumferential direction, and tension acts in the circumferential direction. Therefore, airtightness can be achieved, and even if the seal material is worn due to angular displacement of the rotating sleeve, the seal material displaces the annular storage space radially inward to maintain airtightness. Even if the processing accuracy of each end face of the fixed block and the rotating block is low, airtightness is reliably achieved, and the torque required for angular displacement of the rotating sleeve by the sealing material does not increase. , Can be operated smoothly.

Further, according to the present invention, the sealing material is realized by an O-ring, whereby it can be easily obtained commercially.

Further, according to the present invention, one of the lower end faces among the opposing end faces is inclined so as to become higher as it goes inward in the radial direction, whereby external rainwater easily slides down. Rainwater can be prevented from entering. The other end face above can be formed perpendicular to the axis of rotation to facilitate manufacturing.

Further, according to the present invention, by using the above-described rotary valve according to the present invention in connection with the operating valve for earth moving machine, two earth working operations can be performed in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the handle of the hydraulic remote control valve. The switching operation of the two actuators that respectively drive the work bodies is performed without concern for intrusion of rainwater or dust. Therefore, the operator can easily select an operation mode that is easy to operate by operating the handle of the rotary valve. This allows the operator to operate the earth moving machine smoothly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rotary valve 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the end faces 11 and 13;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing the overall configuration of a backhoe operating valve 2 provided with a rotary valve 1.

FIG. 7 is a simplified plan view of the valve main body 38 showing a state when the operation handle 5 of the rotary valve 1 is set to a first angular displacement position and a first operation mode is set.

FIG. 8 is a simplified plan view of the valve main body 38 showing a state when the operation handle 5 of the rotary valve 1 is set to a second angular displacement position and a second operation mode is set.

9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a connection state of the rotary valve 1 in the first operation mode shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the entire backhoe operating valve 2 showing a simplified configuration of the rotary valve 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary valve 2 Operating valve 3 Fixed block 4 Rotating sleeve 5, 40 Operating handle 6 Shaft part 7, 8 Outward flange 9 Rotation axis 10 Outer peripheral surface 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 26, 34, 35, 3
6 End face 15,23 Storage space 21,24,28,31,33 O-ring 22 Gap 37 Seal material 38 Valve body 39 Spherical seat 41,42 Front-back direction 43,44 Left-right direction 45,46 Pipe line 47,48,49, 50; 51, 52 Switching valve 54 Pump flow path 55 Tank flow path 56 to 59; 61 to 64; 65 to 68 Flow path 60 End plate 71, 72 Working piece

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary valve for switching a flow path by angularly displacing a rotary sleeve surrounding a fixed block, wherein opposing end faces of the fixed block and the rotary sleeve define a radial direction about a rotary axis of the rotary sleeve. An annular storage space that becomes narrower as it goes inward is formed, and an annular sealing material that abuts on each of the end faces is housed in the storage space and interposed. The sealing material has a resilient force that decreases in the circumferential direction. A rotary member having a sealing member that resiliently abuts each of said end surfaces. 2. The rotary valve according to claim 1, wherein the seal member is an O-ring. 3. The rotation axis extends up and down, and one of the end faces facing each other is formed so as to be inclined so as to become higher as it goes inward in the radial direction, and to be higher. 3. The rotary valve according to claim 1, wherein the other end face is formed perpendicular to the rotation axis. 4. A control valve with a rotary valve for operating an earthmoving machine, wherein a rotary valve is attached to a lower portion of a hydraulic remote control valve, and the oil valve can be switched by the rotary valve. A fixed block fixed to a lower portion of the main body, the fixed block having a shaft portion having an outer peripheral surface coaxial with a rotation axis and having a substantially right cylindrical shape, and an outward flange formed to extend vertically above and below the shaft portion; (B) a handle is fixed and has a rotating sleeve surrounding the shaft portion; and (c) a radial direction about the rotation axis of the rotating sleeve by each end face of the outward flange of the fixed block and the rotating sleeve. Forming an annular storage space that becomes narrower as it goes inward; and (d) an annular seal material that abuts against each of the end faces is housed in the storage space and interposed, and this seal material is a bullet that contracts in the circumferential direction. Have a power, Seal member is a rotary valve with operating valve for earth moving machine operations, characterized in that contact to resiliently on the respective end faces. 5. The sealing material is an O-ring, and one of the facing end faces, one of the lower end faces,
5. A rotating machine according to claim 4, wherein the other end face is formed so as to be inclined downward as it goes inward in the radial direction, and the other upper end face is formed perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Operating valve with valve.