JP2864573B2 - Camera-integrated VTR - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a camera integrated type in which an imaging unit and a recording unit are integrated.
Related to VTR equipment.

[Summary of the Invention]

The present invention relates to a camera-integrated VTR device in which an imaging unit and a recording unit are integrated, an analog-to-digital conversion unit that converts an imaging analog signal from an imaging element into a digital signal, and a digital signal from the analog-to-digital conversion unit. Digital signal processing means for processing a signal, output means for outputting a digital component signal from the output signal of the digital signal processing means, and analog composite signal generation means for generating an analog composite signal from the output signal of the digital signal processing means. The writing and reading clocks of the camera unit and the storage unit to which the digital component signal is supplied from the output unit are supplied from the analog composite signal generation unit, and the time axis of the digital component signal is compressed to n / m (m> n). Time axis compression means provided on the VTR side A compact and power-saving camera-integrated VTR is provided by providing a recording unit having recording means for recording the output signal of the compression means on a tape and a guide drum on which the tape is wound over 360 mm x n / m. It is made to obtain a device.

[Conventional technology]

In the conventional camera-integrated VTR device, the image pickup unit and the recording unit were integrated, and the signal processing system was processed in the form of analog signals. FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of a camera-integrated VTR apparatus described above, and a conventional configuration will be described below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, (1) is an imaging unit including an image sensor and its signal processing system, ie, a camera unit, and (2) is a recording unit, ie, a VTR.
And these are integrated to form a camera-integrated VTR device.

The image of the subject (3) is, for example, CC
An image is captured on an image sensor such as a D (Charge Coupled Device) (5). Although not shown on the front of the CCD (5), for example,
A CCD drive circuit (6) supplied with a reference frequency from a reference signal generator (7) in a single-plate configuration in which R (red), G (green), and B (blue) optical filters are arranged in a checkered pattern. The scanning is performed by the driving signal from the above. R, G from CCD (5)
And B signals are extracted. The R, G, and B signals are analog signals, and are converted to analog-to-digital converters (9R), (9R) via R, G, and B amplifiers (8R), (8G), and (8B).
G) and (9B) are converted to digital signals. The R, G and B data converted into the digital signal are supplied to a digital processor (10), and the digital processor (1
0) digitally performs process processing such as gamma correction, white clipping, and matrix, and converts the R, G, and B data into a luminance signal, which is a digital component signal.
Y _D , also digital color difference signals (RY) _D and (B
-Y) Convert to _D. The luminance signal Y _D is directly added to the adder (1
2) and supplied to the color difference signals (RY) _D and (BY)
_D is supplied to the digital encoder (11), made a digital chroma signal C _D, such as I and Q signals, a luminance signal
Performing interpolation of bits combined such with Y _D, is supplied to the adder (12). The vertical sync signal and burst signal are added to the adder (12) from the digital sync signal generator (14).
Composite signal (composite video signal) CS _D is obtained.
(13) is a generator of a sampling clock f _C = 4f _SC for obtaining a subcarrier (hereinafter referred to as f _SC ) and the like. Composite signal CS _D digital clock 2f _C is supplied from the terminal T ₃ - fed to analog converter (15), it is converted into an analog signal.

Luminance signal Y _D and the digital encoder in the above example (1
While the chroma signal C _D from 1) was added to the adder (12),
Each of these data may be passed through a digital-to-analog converter (not shown) and then supplied to an addition circuit to perform analog addition.

Digital - analog composite signal converted into an analog signal by the analog converter (15) is output to the output terminal T ₁ via the video output circuit (16) for example, as a composite signal of NTSC. Of course, this composite signal
It may be a PAL or SECAM composite signal.

Also, the camera unit (1) has a terminal T _2, the composite signal CS is supplied to the terminal T _2.

The VTR unit (2) and the camera unit (1) are integrated. Next, the VTR unit (2) will be described.

Composite signal CS taken out from terminal T ₂ of the camera unit (1) is separated into a luminance signal Y and a chroma signal C by YC separation circuit of the VTR unit (2) (17), the luminance signal Y FM modulator ( 18) and supplied to the FM modulation and high-pass filter (1
It is supplied to the adder circuit (20) via 9). Meanwhile, YC
The chroma signal C separated by the separation circuit (17) is supplied to the frequency conversion circuit (24). For example, a local oscillation output of 4.268 MHz is supplied from the oscillator (25) to the frequency conversion circuit (24), and the chroma signal C of 3.58 MHz is converted to a low frequency of 688 kHz. The frequency-converted low-frequency chroma signal C passes through a low-pass filter (26) and is added to an adding circuit (20).
The recording signal is multiplexed with the luminance signal Y and is recorded on the recording tape (23) by the rotary head (22) via the recording amplifier (21). As shown in FIG. 8A, the structure of the rotary head (22) is such that the tape guide drum (2
7) A tape (23) is wound obliquely over a range of about 300 ° in an Ω shape through tape guides (28a) and (28b), and has one rotating head (22) rotating at a field frequency. Performs horizontal scanning at a frequency higher than the normal horizontal scanning frequency, and outputs the camera output signal to a track (2) on a tape (23).
9) (see FIG. 8B).

The most common configuration of the rotary head (22) described above is to wind the tape (23) around the tape guide drum at a winding angle slightly larger than 180 °, and to use two rotary heads (22) arranged at an angular interval of 180 °. The VTR is rotated at the frame frequency and the rotating head (22) slides alternately against the tape running at a predetermined speed. This type of VTR is used in a portable type separate from the camera. Camera integrated VT
For use as an R device, the tape guide drum and the loading mechanism became large, making it difficult to reduce the weight and size.

As a configuration of the VTR unit (2), a VTR for broadcasting (Betacam, MII, etc.) as shown in FIG. 9 has also been proposed. In FIG. 9, the same parts as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the duplicated description will be omitted, but the terminal T ₂ of the camera VTR (1) will be omitted.
The composite signal CS extracted from the VTR section (2)
The luminance signal Y and the chroma signal C are separated by the C separation circuit (17). The luminance signal Y is independently recorded on the Y signal recording track of the tape (23) by the Y signal recording head (22). Therefore, the luminance signal Y is supplied to the FM modulator (18).
FM-modulated high-pass filter (19) and recording amplifier (2
0) via the Y signal recording head (22) to the tape (2
3) Recorded on the Y signal track. With this configuration, the problems of the band shortage and the cross modulation of the luminance signal of the low-frequency conversion recording method described with reference to FIG. 7 are solved. The color difference signals RY and BY signals in the chroma signal C are compressed by a 1/2 compressor (3
0). The compressor (30) is of an analog type, and its time is compressed by half by a control circuit (31) and the color difference signals RY and BY signals are sequentially and alternately arranged. The compressed color difference signal is FM-modulated via the FM modulator (32). In this case, a recording track for the compressed chrominance signal is provided adjacent to the recording track of the luminance signal Y on the tape (23) via the low-pass filter (33) and the compressed chrominance signal recording amplifier (34). Recording is performed by the recording head (35).

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

According to the camera-integrated VTR shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 described in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, the winding angle of the tape (23) around the tape guide drum (27) of the tape (23) is increased ( For example, the diameter of the tape guide drum (27) can be reduced by only 180/300 when wound by 300 °. However, in this method, the rotating head (22) transmits video signals for a time of 360 ° for one rotation. 22) must be compressed for a period of 300 mm to be recorded in contact with the tape (23). For this,
Conventionally, an operation is performed to speed up the scanning of the CCD (5). In other words, since the scanning is advanced under the control of the CCD drive circuit (6) to compress the video signal of one field to 5/6, this signal does not become a standard NTSC composite signal, but is directly used as a color image signal for monitoring. There was a problem that synchronization could not be achieved even if sent to the machine.

Further, in the camera-integrated VTR device of the conventional configuration described in FIGS. 7 and 9, the composite signal CS of the camera unit (1) is supplied as an input signal of the VTR unit (2). This is widely used for many VTRs such as home video. When transmitting a signal from the camera unit (1) to the VTR unit (2) with the composite signal CS in this way, the VTR unit (2) side Requires a YC separation circuit (17). Using such a YC separation circuit (17),
If the YC separation is uncertain, the chroma signal C generates a cross color that mixes with the luminance signal Y, and conversely, the luminance signal Y mixes with the chroma signal, causing dot disturbance in a rapidly changing area on the screen. There is. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the luminance signal Y is FM-modulated and recorded on one track, and the color difference signal is time-axis-compressed to 1/2 of the luminance signal Y, and after FM modulation, another signal is obtained. In a VTR in which a high-quality image is obtained by recording on one recording track, the color difference signals R-Y and B-Y are compressed by 1/2 of the analog type in order to compress the time axis to 1/2 with respect to the luminance signal Y. Compressor (30) and control circuit to control it (31)
The configuration of the compressor (30) and the control circuit (31) requires a reference clock generator and the like, and requires a complicated circuit formed as an IC. It is also conceivable to digitally process such a compressor using a digital memory or the like. In this case, however, an analog-to-digital converter or the like for digitizing the composite signal by the VTR unit (2) is required. ,
The apparatus becomes large and expensive, and there is a problem that a high-power power supply is required for a camera-integrated VTR that is miniaturized and driven by a battery.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to reduce the signal degradation of an image,
This is to obtain a compact, low power consumption camera-integrated VTR device.

[Means for solving the problem]

As shown in FIG. 1, one example of the camera-integrated VTR device according to the present invention is analog-digital conversion means (9R), (9G) for converting an image pickup analog signal from an image pickup device (5) into a digital signal. ), (9B), digital signal processing means (10), (11) for processing digital signals from the analog-digital conversion means (9R), (9G), (9B), and digital signal processing means ( Output means (T ₄ ) and (T ₁₀ ) for outputting digital component signals from the output signals of (10) and (11), and digital signal processing means (10) and (1)
Analog composite signal generating means (7), (12) to generate an analog composite signal from the output signal of 1)
A camera unit (1) having (15), output means (T ₄ ),
Write memory means (42) to digital component signals from (T ₁₀₎ is supplied, the read clock is an analog composite signal generating means (7), (12) - (15)
And the time axis of the digital composite signal
The output signals of the time axis compression means (36) and (37) provided on the VTR side for compressing to m (m> n) and the output signals of the time axis compression means (36) and (37) are recorded on the tape (23). Recording means (22);
A camera-integrated VTR device comprising a recording section (2) having a guide drum (27) around which a tape (23) is wound over 360 ° × n / m.

[Action]

The camera-integrated VTR device of the present invention digitizes the image output obtained by the camera unit (1), supplies the digital component signal obtained via the digital processor (10) to the VTR unit (2) as it is, and outputs the digital component signal. Since it is supplied to the compressors (36) and (37) in the form of (1) and is digitally compressed using a field memory, there is no need to accelerate the scanning on the CCD (5) side, and a normal composite video signal can be obtained. Not only can monitor the
Since the unit (2) does not require an analog-digital converter or a clock pulse generator, power saving and miniaturization can be easily achieved. Furthermore, a high quality image can be easily obtained without the need for a Y / C separation circuit or the like.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a camera-integrated VTR according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

1 to 3, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, the digital processor (1) of the camera VTR (1)
A component signal from 0) the luminance signal Y such chroma signal of the _D and I and Q signals is a component signal from the digital encoder (11) C _D intermediate terminal T ₄ and T
_It is supplied to ₁₀ and is led out to the VTR section (2).

Luminance signal Y _D and chroma signal C from intermediate terminals T ₄ and T _10
D has 5/6 each having a field memory as shown in FIG.
It is supplied to the compressors (36) and (37). This 5/6 compressor (3
6) and (37) are constituted by a digital field memory (42) as shown in FIG. 2, and the writing clock for the field memory (42) is a sampling clock provided in the camera unit (1). The clock frequency f _C from the generator (13) can be used. A clock frequency f _C is supplied from the sampling clock generator (13) to a read clock generator (44) for controlling a read speed from the memory (42), and the read clock frequency is set to 6/5 of the clock frequency f _C. The data is then supplied to the memory (42) as a read clock for the memory (42). As a result, the video signal (45) for one field as shown in FIG. 3A is read by the 6 / 5f _C read clock (46) as shown in FIG. 3B, and as shown in FIG. This means that the signal for one field (1/60 second) of the video signal (45) has been compressed into the angle range (300 °) wound around the guide drum (27).

The luminance signal Y _D and the chroma signal C thus compressed to 5/6
_D is supplied to digital-analog converters (38) and (39) and is converted into an analog signal. The analog-converted luminance signal Y is FM-modulated by the FM modulator (18) in the same manner as in FIG. 7, and the chroma signal C is frequency-converted and converted to a low-frequency band as in FIG. Then, it is recorded on the tape (23) via the rotating head (22).

According to such a configuration, it is not necessary to accelerate the scanning on the CCD side, so that a standard composite signal can be taken out. Therefore, no special monitor device is required, and the 5/6 compressor (36), () on the VTR section (2) side In the control of 37), the control circuit system on the camera section (1) side can be used, so that power can be saved and the size can be reduced.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the camera-integrated VTR device for a broadcasting station shown in FIG. 9 described in the conventional configuration is applied to the present invention.

In FIG. 4, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. A luminance signal Y _D from the digital processor of the camera unit (1) side (10) in this example, the color difference signals (R
-Y) _D and (BY) _D are supplied to the intermediate terminals T ₄ , T ₅ , T ₆ and led out to the VTR section (2).

The luminance signal Y _D from the intermediate terminals T ₄ , T ₅ , T ₆ and the color difference signal (R−
Y) _D and (BY) _D are supplied to a pre-filter and a down-sampling circuit (hereinafter referred to as PF-DS) (40a), (40b) and (40c), respectively. 5A to 5D in the PF-DS (40a)
Luminance data Y _D as shown in is the pre-filter and downsampling. Similarly, the color difference signals (RY) _D and (BY) _D
Are also prefiltered and downsampled by the PF-DS (40a) and (40c) as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5H, the horizontal axis represents f _SC and the vertical axis represents the level. FIGS. 5A and 5E show, for example, a luminance signal Y _D = Y ₈ and a color difference signal (R−Y) _D =, respectively. (R
−Y) ₄ , (BY) _D = (BY) ₄ and FIG.
F is the luminance signal Y ₈ and dye signals R-Y _4, B-Y characteristics through ₄ to pre-filter, Figure 5 C, G luminance signal Y ₈ and the color difference signals _{(R-Y) 4, (} B- Y) Downsample ₄
Figure D, the color difference signals the luminance signal Y ₈ as shown in H to Y ₄ (R-Y)
₄ is downsampled to (RY) ₂ and (BY) ₄ is downsampled to (BY) ₂ to suppress crossover distortion. PF−
The luminance signal Y _D = Y ₄ down-sampled by the DS (40a) is supplied to a 5/6 compressor (36) similar to that described with reference to FIG. Analog converter (3
8) and converted into an analog luminance signal Y. Meanwhile PF-DS (40b) and sampled down in _{(40c) (R-Y)} D = (R-Y) ₂ parallel _{(B-Y) D = (} B-
Y) ₂ is supplied to 1/2 compressors (41a) and (41b). These 1/2 compressors (41a) and (41b) are 5/6 compressors (36)
Similarly, a digital field memory can be used. As the sampling clock generator and reference signal generator for reading and writing of the field memory, those of the camera unit (1) can be used. Further, since it is supplied as digital data, there is no need to provide an analog-digital converter or the like in the VTR section (2). These 1/2
The sampling clock f _C = 4f from the sampling clock generator (13) to the terminals T ₇ and T ₈ for the compressors (41a) and (41b).
_SC and f _C / 2 = 2f _SC are provided.

Such color difference data (R-Y) _D, a _{(B-Y) D} 1/2
The method of compressing the data will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 6 A shows the data of one horizontal scanning period of up to the (n + 3) th from the n-th luminance signal Y _D (1H), Figure 6 B, D are each color-difference signal (R-Y) _D and (B −Y) nth to n + 3 of _D
The signals for the first 1H period are shown. Here, by setting the write clock frequency W = f _C / 2 and the read clock frequency R = f _C of the field memory, for example, the time axis of the n-th color difference signal (RY) n is compressed to 1/2. . Similarly, the n-th color difference signal (BY) is not shown because the time axis is compressed to 1/2 and is output, but is delayed through a delay element or the like so as to be delayed by 0.5H from the 1/2 compressor (41a). The resulting signal is output to a switch (42), and if the switch (42) is controlled so as to be alternately switched sequentially, the color difference signal CTDM (hereinafter referred to as "combined") which is time-axis-compressed to 1/2 as shown in FIG. CTDM) is obtained. The CTDM obtained in this way is supplied to the same 5/6 compression notation (37) as described in FIG. 1 to compress the time axis to 5/6 and to cover one field within an angle range of 300 °. Compress to The compressed data from the 5/6 compressor (37) is supplied to a digital-analog converter (39) and is converted into an analog signal. Above 5/6 compressor (36), (37) a digital to parallel - analog converter (38), the write clock f _C and read from the sampling clock generator from the terminal T ₉ in (39) at the time of writing (13) Clock 6 / 5f _C is supplied.
In addition, although the 1/2 compressors (41a) and (41b) and the 5/6 compressor and (36) and (37) in the above example are separately provided, the 1/2 compression and the 5/6 compression are simultaneously performed. It is clear that a 5/12 compressor may be used.

The luminance signal and the color difference signal analogized by the analog-digital converters (38) and (39) are both FM modulators (18) and
The signal is FM-modulated in (32) and supplied to a luminance signal recording head (22) and a chrominance signal recording head (35) having different azimuth angles, and is recorded simultaneously on two tracks. The outputs of the two recording heads (22) and (35) are recorded on a tape (23) which is wound around the guide drum at an angle of about 300 °.

In this embodiment, the same effects as those described in the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be obtained.

In this example, the case where the color difference signals are digital-to-analog converted and then recorded on two tracks by two separate rotary heads for the chroma signal and the luminance signal has been described. It is apparent that the present invention can be applied to a system in which FM modulation is performed at two different frequencies and then mixed and recorded on one track, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. is there.

〔The invention's effect〕

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the camera-integrated VTR apparatus of this invention, a video signal degradation is small, and a compact and power-saving device is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of a camera-integrated VTR device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a compressor used in the present invention, FIG. 3 is a waveform explanatory diagram of FIG. 2, and FIG. Is a system diagram showing another embodiment of a camera-integrated VTR device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of downsampling of the present invention, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of time axis compression and composite array of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 9 and FIG. 9 are system diagrams of a conventional camera-integrated VTR, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a conventional tape guide drum and its recording track. (1) Camera section, (2) VTR section, (5) CCD, (9
R), (9G) and (9B) are analog-digital converters, (1
0) is a digital processor, (11) is a digital encoder, (30), (41a), (41b) are 1/2 compressors, (36),
(37) is a 5/6 compressor.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Chiba 6-7-35 Kita Shinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Inside Sony Corporation (56) References JP-A-1-248785 (JP, A) JP-A-58-101579 (JP, A) Jpn. Sho 62-14880 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) H04N 9/79-9/898

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An analog-to-digital converter for converting an analog image signal from an image sensor into a digital signal; a digital signal processor for processing a digital signal from the analog-digital converter; A camera unit having output means for outputting a digital component signal from the output signal; analog composite means for generating an analog composite signal from the output signal of the digital signal processing means; and a digital component signal from the output means. A time axis compression means provided on the VTR side for supplying a write / read clock of the storage means from the analog composite signal generation means and compressing the time axis of the digital component signal to n / m (m>n); Record the output signal of the compression means on tape Recording means and a camera-integrated type VTR apparatus in which the tape is characterized in that it consists recording portion; and a guide drum that is wound over 360 degrees × n / m.