JP2864165B2 - Shaped charcoal and coffee bean roasting method using the shaped charcoal - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to molded charcoal made of carbonized coffee beans residue and far-infrared ceramics, and a method for roasting coffee beans using the formed charcoal.

(Conventional technology and problems to be solved by the invention) The demand for coffee in Japan keeps rising due to changes in lifestyles and the boom, while coffee residue discharged from coffee companies due to the canned coffee boom Although some are reused for compost and feed, most of them are currently disposed of as industrial waste. As the demand for coffee increases, the waste of such coffee residue is expected to increase in the future, and a means for reusing the residue is desired from the viewpoint of environmental protection and effective use of resources. .

By the way, charcoal-grilled steaks, charcoal-grilled roasted coffee, and the like have been reviewed for the taste of charcoal, and the demand for charcoal has been rising due to the recent gourmet boom. One of the reasons why charcoal grilling improves the taste is that alkali components such as potassium in charcoal form salts with amino acids such as inosinic acid and glutamic acid in meat to be cooked to produce umami components. ing.

However, the conventional charcoal-based carbonization method for producing charcoal requires skill, and the demand for charcoal is decreasing compared to the time when charcoal was used as a major heat source in homes. The number of skilled workers is drastically decreasing, and the current situation is that production has not caught up with the recent recovery in charcoal demand. In particular, when performing charcoal roasting in the canned coffee industry, a large amount of charcoal is required as a fuel for mass production, and the problems of shortage of charcoal and high cost become serious.

In addition, charcoal has low thermal efficiency and requires a large amount of charcoal to obtain a certain amount of heat, which further exacerbates the charcoal shortage and causes high costs.

On the other hand, in the canned coffee industry, competition for taste improvement is intense, and the gourmet boom has increased the demands of consumers for taste improvement year by year.

Therefore, it has been desired to effectively utilize carbonized coffee beans residues and to develop a fuel which is more excellent in terms of thermal efficiency and coffee taste and is relatively inexpensive.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a molding obtained by mixing and molding a carbide obtained by carbonizing coffee bean residues, a far-infrared ceramic, and a binder as desired. About charcoal.

The compounding amount of the far-infrared ceramic is preferably 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight based on the total amount of the formed coal. This is because if it is less than 0.5% by weight, the emissivity of far infrared rays is hardly improved, and if it is more than 10% by weight, the emissivity does not increase further and the calorific value decreases, which is not preferable. . Furthermore, far-infrared ceramics are very expensive (about 10 to 20 times as much as char of coffee bean residues), so that use in large amounts is not preferable from an economic viewpoint.

Far-infrared ceramics refers to ceramics that emit a far-infrared ray from the surface due to the thermal energy when heated. Examples of such ceramics include alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, magnesia, and their composite oxides such as mullite, zircon, and cordierite.

The particle size of the far-infrared ceramic used is not particularly limited, but for example, those having a particle size of about 30 μm or less are used.

Coffee bean residue carbide is the residue of coffee beans remaining after extracting coffee (hereinafter referred to as coffee bean residue).
Is a carbide obtained by carbonizing For example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-2195
As described in the specification of No. 65, a carbide having a fixed carbon content of 60 to 90% obtained by drying a coffee bean residue to a predetermined moisture content and carbonizing by a flat kiln or the like can be used.
However, depending on the use, a carbonized coffee bean residue having a fixed carbon content outside the above range may be used.
Here, the predetermined water content is a water content required to obtain a target fixed carbon content, and is adjusted by reducing the degree of drying. That is, if the target fixed carbon amount is small, drying is performed so as to increase the water content, and if the target fixed carbon amount is large, drying is performed so that the water amount is reduced. Drying method is not particularly limited, for example, 60 ℃ ~ 30
Hot air drying can be performed at 0 ° C. Preferably, drying is carried out at a high temperature in the early stage of drying and at a low temperature in the later stage of drying. Further, drying under reduced pressure is also possible. The carbonization treatment can be performed under various conditions depending on the use and the like, but it is convenient to perform the carbonization treatment in a flat kiln. Generally, it may be carried out at 300 to 550 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for 20 to 48 hours.

The particle size of the carbonized coffee beans residue used is not particularly limited, and for example, a particle size of about 10 to 60 mesh is used.

As the binder, those usually used for this purpose, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, starch, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, phenol, sodium polyacrylate and the like can be used.

The binder is usually about 5% by weight or less, preferably about 3% by weight.
It is mixed in an amount of not more than% by weight.

The shaping can be performed using a press after, for example, mixing and pulverizing the above-mentioned carbonized coffee bean residue, the above-mentioned far-infrared ceramics, a binder, and an appropriate amount of water with a mixer, a fred mill, etc., and kneading the mixture. As the molding pressure, a pressure lower than the molding pressure of sawdust coal, for example, 50 to 60 kg / cm ² may be applied. After the molding, if desired, it may be further dried.

The shape and size of the formed coal manufactured according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and the manufactured coal can be manufactured according to the purpose of use of the formed coal, an apparatus using the formed coal, and the like.

It should be noted that a far-infrared ceramic mixed with powdered charcoal of conventional charcoal and formed into a charcoal can also provide a fuel with higher thermal efficiency than charcoal. Is superior in terms of heat efficiency and taste improving effect.

The present invention also relates to a method for roasting coffee, comprising roasting green coffee beans using the above-described shaped coal of the present invention as a fuel.

The roasting is performed by a usual method to a predetermined degree of roasting. The fuel varies depending on the roasting device and the intended degree of roasting.For example, about 2.5 kg for 30 kg of green coffee beans
Used at ~ 3kg usage. Roasting time, roasting equipment,
It depends on the desired degree of roasting.

(Operation) The molded coal of the present invention is obtained by mixing and molding a carbonized coffee bean residue powder and a far-infrared ceramic powder.
The emissivity of far-infrared rays from the coal is reduced, and the thermal efficiency is improved. In addition, coffee made from coffee beans roasted using the shaped coal of the present invention also has an improved taste.

(Example) Example 1 A carbonized coffee bean residue was produced by the following method.

First, the coffee bean residue is dried with hot air to a moisture content of about 10% or less, and then dried at a temperature of 300 to 550 ° C in a flat kiln.
By performing carbonization treatment for 24 hours, a carbonized coffee bean residue having a fixed carbon content of 80% was produced.

After 94.5% by weight of the obtained carbonized coffee beans residue, 2.5% by weight of far-infrared ceramics having the composition shown in Table 1 below, and 3% by weight of carboxymethylcellulose as a binder, the mixed powder was mixed at 60 kg / cm ² . Press molding was performed at a molding pressure to produce a charcoal-shaped charcoal having a size of 70 mm × 35 mm × 28 mm. The particle size distributions of the coffee beans residue carbide and far-infrared ceramic used are shown in Tables 2 and 3, respectively.

Test Example 1 As the fuel, the formed coal, charcoal produced in Example 1 above,
Using coffee and kerosene, green coffee beans were roasted to a predetermined degree of roasting (light roasting) using a conventional coffee roasting machine. As the charcoal, a commercially available charcoal was used. 16 g of the obtained roasted beans were extracted with 300 ml of hot water, and then the pH of the extract was examined.

 The results are shown in Table 4 below.

The pH of the extract affects the taste of the coffee, and is preferably about 5.2 to 5.3 in order to give the coffee a mild taste. From the table, it is numerically clear that, unlike the coffee bean extract roasted with kerosene, the coffee bean extract roasted with shaped charcoal and charcoal of Example 1 has a mild taste.

Comparative Example 1 Molded charcoal was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixed powder obtained by mixing 97% by weight of a carbonized coffee bean residue and 3% by weight of a binder as in Example 1 was used as the mixed powder. did.

Test Example 2 The formed coal of Comparative Example 1 and the formed coal of Example 1 were burned,
The emissivity of far infrared was measured. The results are shown in the graph of FIG.

From the graph, it is clear that the addition of far-infrared ceramics improves the emissivity of far-infrared rays from fuel.

Comparative Example 2 94.5% by weight of powdered conventional charcoal, 2.5% by weight of far-infrared ceramics and 3% by weight of a binder were mixed, and the mixed powder was pressed to produce molded charcoal.

Test Example 3 30 kg of green coffee beans were used as a fuel, using the charcoal produced in Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 3, and conventional charcoal, respectively, using a conventional coffee bean roasting machine. Roasted. The amount of fuel used to roast to a certain extent was determined. The results are shown in Table 5 below.

As can be seen from the table, the formed coal of Example 1 has the best thermal efficiency, and the formed coal of Comparative Example 2, which is formed by mixing far-infrared ceramics with pulverized charcoal, is slightly inferior to Example 1, but good. It is clear that excellent thermal efficiency can be obtained.

Test Example 4 30 kg of green coffee beans were roasted to a predetermined degree using a conventional coffee roaster, using kerosene, charcoal and the shaped coal of Example 1 as fuel. The obtained coffee beans were extracted by an ordinary method, and the taste was subjected to a blind test. The test was performed by ten Tokyo Coffee Roaster roasters. The evaluation was performed on a 5-point scale showing that 5 was the best. The results are shown in Table 6 below. The values in the table are relative to each of kerosene and the shaped charcoal of Example 1 with respect to kerosene and the charcoal of Example 1 on the basis that the value obtained by extracting coffee beans roasted with charcoal is 3, and the evaluation of 10 tasters was performed. It is shown as an average value.

From the table, the extracted coffee beans roasted with the shaped coal of Example 1 had a higher aroma and
It is remarkably excellent with the color and taste, and is superior in terms of aroma and color as compared with charcoal, and is clearly superior in the overall evaluation. In addition, the value of the sourness, bitterness, and richness of the shaped coal of Example 1 being lower than that of charcoal simply indicates that the acidity is low, the bitterness is low, and the concentration is low. Is evaluated by comprehensive evaluation.

(Effect of the Invention) Since the shaped coal of the present invention is formed by mixing and molding a carbonized coffee bean residue and far-infrared ceramics, it has higher thermal efficiency than conventional fuels such as charcoal, and is used as a fuel. In addition, cost reduction can be achieved. Further, since the amount of fuel used is reduced, it is possible to improve the size of the device and to save space.

Furthermore, since carbonized coffee bean residues are used, the degree of carbonization can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of water before carbonization, and can be applied to a wide range of applications. Further, it is also excellent in that a small amount of the binder is required due to its high specific gravity, and that the carbonization of the dried product shortens the carbonization time and improves the carbonization efficiency.

Furthermore, the shaped coal of the present invention has a high potassium content,
In addition, when used for cooking foods, the taste can be further improved as compared with conventional charcoal-grilled cooking for the reason that heating can be performed uniformly without impairing the aroma.

Therefore, according to the present invention, good quality, wide applicability, it is possible to supply a large amount of inexpensive molded coal,
Moreover, the reuse of industrial waste greatly contributes to effective use of resources and environmental protection.

In addition, when roasting coffee beans using the shaped charcoal of the present invention, compared to coffee roasted with charcoal, which is conventionally known to provide coffee with good taste and aroma, the aroma and taste are better. Coffee is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing far-infrared emissivity of the formed coal of the present invention and the formed coal of a comparative example.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C10L 5/44-5/46 B09B 3/00 A23F 5/04 WPI / L (QUESTEL)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A molded coal obtained by mixing and molding a carbide obtained by carbonizing a coffee bean residue, a far-infrared ceramic, and a binder as required. 2. A method for roasting coffee beans, comprising roasting green coffee beans using the shaped coal according to claim 1 as a fuel.