JP2860079B2 - Surgical instruments - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surgical instrument used for fixing, exfoliating, separating, cutting, grasping, pulling, suturing, etc., a tissue such as an organ.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a surgical operation for removing a lesion, laparotomy and thoracotomy have conventionally been performed, but recently, endoscopic surgery has also been performed. Endoscopic surgery is a type of surgery in which an electronic endoscope with a video camera attached to the tip is inserted into the body, the video camera video is displayed on a monitor TV, and multiple doctors watch the video. . This endoscopic surgery has the advantage that the range and degree of injury to the body is smaller than conventional laparotomy and thoracotomy surgery, and the burden on the patient is small and the recovery is quick. In particular, since the endoscopic operation of the chest can be performed without removing the ribs, the merits such as reduction of postoperative pain are great. For example, in endoscopic surgery for lung cancer, three to four holes of about 15 to 20 mm are made between thoracic ribs, and an outer tube (trocars or the like) that facilitates insertion and removal of an endoscope and surgical instruments in the holes. ), The endoscope or surgical instrument is inserted through the outer tube to perform the surgical operation.

[0003]

However, the conventional thoracotomy
When using surgical instruments having a scissor structure used in laparotomy for endoscopic surgery, a decisive inconvenience arises. The diameter of a hole allowed for inserting an endoscope or a surgical instrument in an operation under an endoscope is an inner diameter of the outer cylinder (trocars) and is usually 12 to 15 mm. In the case of performing a surgical operation in a trans-cylindrical manner, in a conventional surgical instrument having a scissor structure, for example, in the scissors 8 shown in FIGS. The opening and closing of the close handle 3 is impossible. That is, as shown in FIG. 8B, the operating range of the handle 3 in the outer cylinder 9 is extremely small, and the distal end 5 cannot be opened and closed to the extent that a surgical operation can be performed. In order to make up for this extreme decrease in convenience, special forceps operated by wire are currently used. However, wire-operated forceps have to be limited in the shape and size of the distal end portion, have skill in operation, are expensive, and there are many disposable forceps for each case. In endoscopic surgery inside the thorax performed in the chest, the surgical operability may be improved by spreading the surgical wound about 8 cm parallel to the ribs, but unless the ribs are cut or resected, The width between the ribs is only about three centimeters wide, and the narrowness reduces the convenience of scissors-type forceps. The forceps referred to here are forceps, a needle holder, the above-mentioned scissors 8 (swords in front), and the like, and have a common form of a scissors structure.

Accordingly, the present invention solves the critical limitation of surgical instruments having a scissor structure in trans-cylindrical surgical operation and trans-costal surgical operation in endoscopic surgery in the abdominal cavity and thoracic cavity. , While providing the same convenience and safety as open surgical operation in laparotomy and thoracotomy,
The aim is to provide the economy of reducing the burden on patients and medical administration.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, a surgical instrument according to the present invention has the following features.
In a surgical instrument in which a grip portion is provided at each end of a pair of handle portions and a tip portion is provided at each other end, and the tip portion opens and closes around a fulcrum in accordance with opening and closing of the grip portion, When the handle is closed, the handle parts are separated from the fulcrum by the handle.
Gradually separate as approaching the holding part, approaching the gripping part
At the position, connected to each gripper, and handle
Is formed in a substantially straight line from the fulcrum to just before the intersection area.
It is characterized by having. Here, a grasping portion is provided at one end of each of the pair of handle portions, and a tip portion is provided at each other end, and the surgical instrument whose tip portion opens and closes around a fulcrum in response to opening and closing of the grip portion is a scissor-like instrument. Surgical instruments, such as forceps, needle holders, scissors and the like. The grip is a part for opening and closing the tip, and the tip is a part for grasping a tissue such as an organ, and has various shapes depending on the purpose of use. In addition, "surgical instrument", "grip" and "tip"
Has the same meaning in each of the inventions disclosed below.

In the surgical instrument having the above structure, when the distal end is closed, that is, when the grip is also closed, the handles intersect between the fulcrum and the grip. , When the separation width between each handle becomes maximum and the grip is opened,
The separation width of each handle is reduced in inverse proportion to the opening width. Finally, the intersection where each pattern part intersects is a part where each pattern part overlaps and is the minimum part of the separation width of each pattern part. Therefore, even if the tip is inserted deep into the human body like a conventional scissors-type forceps, needle holder and scissors, the operation of the gripper can be opened and closed without being hindered by the outer tube. The tip also opens and closes, making it possible to use forceps etc. that can grasp the target as the same function regardless of the shallow depth from the body surface to the operation site, and the structure is simple, similar to the case of large surgical wounds It is possible to provide a surgical instrument having operability of the above.

Further, since the distance between the intersection and the grip can be shortened, the forceps and the like can be inserted deeply until the grip contacts the outer cylinder and the like, and the grip can be operated. It is more useful to alleviate the restriction due to the operation part.

[0008] The configuration of the first aspect of the present invention is suitable for a peeling / holding forceps, a ligation auxiliary forceps or a needle holder as described in the second aspect . However, it can be applied to other surgical instruments.

[0009] To solve the above problem, surgical instruments of the present invention, as described in claim 3, and provided with a grip portion at one end of each of the pair of handle portions, the distal end portion to each other end, respectively In the surgical instrument in which the distal end opens and closes around a fulcrum in response to opening and closing of the grip, in the surgical instrument, between the fulcrum and the grip, and between the distal end and the fulcrum, each of the handle portions is It is characterized by crossing once. The operation and effect of the surgical instrument having the above configuration are as follows. Since each of the handle portions intersects once between the fulcrum and the grip portion, when the grip portion is closed, the separation width of each handle portion is maximized, and when the grip portion is opened, The separation width of each handle is reduced in inverse proportion to the opening width. In addition, the intersection where each pattern intersects is a portion where each pattern overlaps and is a minimum part of the separation width of each pattern. In addition, since each handle intersects between the fulcrum and the tip, the intersection of each handle between the fulcrum and the tip moves in the direction of the fulcrum as the grip is opened, and is proportional to the movement of this intersection. The range of the action site such as the tip is enlarged. In addition, the intersection of each handle between the fulcrum and the tip is a portion where each handle overlaps, and the separation width of each handle centered on the intersection can be minimized, so each handle between the fulcrum and the gripper With the action of the intersection of the sections, the operating range in which the surgical instrument can be operated without being restricted to the inner wall of the outer cylinder can be expanded. Therefore, not only the same operation and effect as in the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, but also the range of the action site such as the distal end portion can be expanded and the distance from the distal end portion to the fulcrum can be increased, so that the shallow portion of the lesion can be obtained. It is possible to grasp relatively large organs and other tissues regardless of whether they are deep or deep.

[0010] In the above invention, the intersection between the fulcrum and the gripping portion may be brought closer to the grip portion as described in claim 4. According to this, the distance between the intersection and the grip can be shortened, so that the forceps or the like can be inserted deeply until the grip contacts the outer cylinder or the like,
In addition, the gripper can be operated, which is more useful for alleviating restrictions imposed by the operation site.

[0011] In the invention, it may be the intersection between the fulcrum and the distal end portion is close to the fulcrum as described in claim 5. With this configuration, the distance between the distal end portion and the fulcrum can be maximized, so that a tissue such as a larger organ can be grasped.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, when the fulcrum is located at approximately one-half of the entire length of the surgical instrument,
As is clear from the action of "lever" and the action of "moment of force", the opening / closing force of the grip is equally transmitted to the tip,
In addition, since it is possible to form a distal end portion having an opening / closing width corresponding to the opening / closing width of the gripping portion, the operation is excellent in operation accuracy and can be operated in the same manner as a conventional scissor-like forceps or the like. Equipment.

Further configurations of the invention described in claims 3 to 6, as described in claim 7, lymph node forceps is suitable for hemostat (Alice forceps) or lung grasping forceps. However, it can be applied to other surgical instruments.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention according to the above claims will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a scissor as a surgical instrument according to an embodiment corresponding to the first aspect of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view of the scissor when the scissor tip is closed, that is, when the scissor grip is also closed. FIG. 2B is a plan view of the scissors when the scissor tip is opened, that is, when the scissors grip is also opened, and FIG. 2C is a plan view of the scissors when the scissors grip is further opened.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), a scissor 1 according to the present invention comprises a gripper 2, a handle 3, a fulcrum 4 located on the handle 3, and a tip 5. When closed, each handle 3 between the fulcrum 4 and the grip 2
1, 32 intersect. Note that what is indicated by “6” in the figure is a stopper. The handle portions 31 and 32 are gradually separated from the fulcrum 4 as they approach the grip portion 2 and intersect at a position close to the grip portion 2.
1 and 22 are connected. Therefore, the separation width of each of the handle portions 31 and 32 becomes the maximum separation width W1 when the distal end portion 5 is closed, and the outer cylinder 9 having an inner diameter substantially equal to the maximum separation width W1.
The scissors 1 can be inserted into the blade. In addition, each handle 3
1 and 32 are formed substantially linearly from the fulcrum 4 to just before the intersection area 33C, and therefore, when the gripping part 2 is opened as shown in FIG. Thus, the minimum portion W2 of the separation width between the handle portions 31 and 32 is obtained. Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, the grip portion 2 can be opened up to a separation opening width W3 equal to the separation maximum width W1, that is, until each of the handle portions 31 and 32 contacts the inner wall of the outer cylinder 9. . As a result, the distal end portion 5 is opened to the extent that a surgical operation is sufficiently possible. Therefore, like the conventional forceps having a scissors structure, a needle holder or a scissor, even when the distal end portion is inserted into the deep part of the human body, the operation of the gripping portion is not hindered by the outer cylinder 9 or the like, and the opening and closing of the gripping portion 2 can be performed. Corresponding tip 5
Because it can be opened and closed, it can be used as a surgical instrument that can grasp the target as the same function regardless of the shallow depth from the body surface to the operation site, and the structure is simple, and the operability is the same as that of a large surgical wound Can be provided. Further, as described above, since the scissors 1 form an intersection (intersection area) which is substantially linearly overlapped when the gripping portion 2 is opened, the gripping portions are such that the width of the scissors 1 itself is minimized when inserted into a human body. By adjusting the opening and closing of 2, it can be used for trocars with a small opening width of the hole. The details of such effects will be described later with reference to FIGS.

The surgical instrument having the structure shown in FIG.
It is suitable for grasping forceps, needle holders or ligation assist forceps. FIGS. 2A to 2C show examples of the configuration of the distal end portion of the peeling / gripping forceps.
(A) is a "weak one forceps", (b) is a "strong one (jaw) forceps", and (c) is a "right angle forceps".
FIG. 2D shows a configuration example of a distal end portion of the needle holder, and FIG. 2E shows a configuration example of a distal end portion of a ligation auxiliary forceps used when a resection portion or the like is ligated with a thread. When the surgical instrument having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a peeling / gripping forceps, a needle holder, or a ligation auxiliary forceps, a fulcrum configuration as shown in FIG. 3 is used. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a fulcrum configuration in which a tip 5 and a handle 3 are cut before and after a fulcrum 4, and FIG. 3B is an exploded perspective view of the same. In this fulcrum configuration, the handle portions 31 and 32 are each formed in a substantially S shape from the fulcrum 4 to the tip portion 5,
The tip 5 can be opened and closed around the fulcrum 4 in accordance with the opening and closing of the grip portion 2.

Next, an embodiment of a surgical instrument according to the third to sixth aspects will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of forceps as a surgical instrument, and FIG.
(A) is an explanatory view for explaining the operation of the forceps, (b)
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the conventional forceps, FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the forceps, and FIG.
Is a plan view of the forceps according to the first embodiment shown for explaining the operation of the forceps, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the forceps.

The first characteristic point of the forceps 1 shown in FIG. 4 is that the pair of handle portions 31 and 32 intersect once once between the fulcrum 4 and the grip portion 2. It has the same configuration as the scissors 1 shown. The second feature point is that the pair of handle portions 31 and 32 intersect once even between the fulcrum 4 and the tip 5. Note that what is indicated by “6” in the figure is a stopper.

First, the first feature will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the pair of handle portions 31 and 32 once intersect at a fulcrum (pivot) 4 on the forceps center axis C, and then separate from the center axis C so as to draw an arc, while again holding the forceps center. It crosses on the axis C and continues to the gripping part 2. The operation of this configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
2A, the forceps 1 indicated by a solid line is a forceps plan view in a state in which the grip portion 2 and the distal end portion 5 are closed (hereinafter, referred to as a closed state), and the two-dot chain line opens the grip portion 2 and thereby the distal end portion 5 is opened. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the forceps in a state in which is open (hereinafter, referred to as an open state).

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), when the forceps 1 is in the closed state, the separation width W1 between the handle portions 31 and 32 becomes the maximum width. When the forceps 1 are moved to the open state by being opened in the respective directions, the separation width between the handle portions 31 and 32 is reduced so as to be inversely proportional to the opening width of the grip portion 2. In comparison, the conventional forceps 100 is different from that shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), when in the closed state, each handle 131,
The separation width of the pair 132 is a minimum width.
When the forceps 100 are shifted to the open state by opening the forceps 100 in the O direction, the separation width w1 between the handle portions 131 and 132 increases in proportion to the opening width of the grip portions 121 and 122.

That is, from the first characteristic point, when the gripper 2 is closed, the forceps 1 have a maximum separation between the handle portions 31 and 32, and when the gripper 2 is opened, the opening width thereof increases. The effect of reducing the separation width between the handle portions 31 and 32 can be obtained so as to be inversely proportional to. This means that the hole for inserting the forceps 1 only needs to have a diameter whose maximum width is substantially equal to the maximum separation width W1 of the handle 3. FIG. 5 (a)
As shown in the figure, if the gripper 2 is opened from the first feature point,
The intersection 33 where the patterns 31 and 32 intersect is the intersection 3
Although it is displaced to 3 ', the intersection 33 or the intersection 33' is a portion where the patterns 31, 32 overlap, and the patterns 31, 32 are overlapped.
Can be the minimum part of the separation width. FIG.
When the grip portion 2 is opened, when the grip portion 2 is opened, an intersection (intersection area) is formed by forming the area from the fulcrum to the intersection area substantially linearly, as in the case of each handle 31 and 32 of the scissor 1 shown in FIG.
Can be made, so that the first feature point can be further utilized.

Next, the second characteristic point is that the handle portions 31 and 32 are crossed again between the tip 5 and the fulcrum 4 and the grip 2 is opened. Is moved in the direction of the fulcrum 4 so that the range of the action site such as the tip 2 is enlarged in proportion to the movement of the intersection. In the following description, in order to distinguish the handle portions 31 and 32 between the grip portion 2 and the fulcrum 4 and the handle portions 31 and 32 between the fulcrum 4 and the tip portion 5, the latter handle portions are referred to as Let them be 310 and 320, respectively. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, from the fulcrum 4 to the tip 5, the handle 310
Is formed in a substantially inverted S-shape, while the other handle 320 is substantially S-shaped.
It is shaped like a letter and intersects at the point where those curves reverse. Each handle 310, 3 between the fulcrum 4 and the tip 5
The intersection 34 of the 20 is a portion where the handle portions 310 and 320 overlap, and the handle portions 310 and 320 centered on the intersection 34 are provided.
Since the separation width of 320 can be minimized, the action of the intersection of each of the handle portions 31 and 32 between the fulcrum 4 and the grip portion 2 and the operating range in which the surgical instrument can be operated without being restricted to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. Can be expanded. Such a second feature will be described with reference to FIG. 6 in comparison with the forceps 1A according to the first aspect. Note that the forceps 1A is moved from the tip 5 to the fulcrum 4 on the assumption that a relatively large tissue is grasped.
The distance to the mold is long. FIG. 6 (a) and (c)
As shown in (1), the forceps 1 having the second characteristic point and the forceps 1A can be inserted into the deep part or the shallow part of the body via the outer cylinder 9, respectively. However, in the case of the forceps 1A, when the grasping portion 2 is opened in order to grasp a relatively large tissue in a shallow portion, the handle portions 310 and 320 extending from the fulcrum 4 to the distal end portion 5 as shown in FIG. Although it is limited to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 9, it is possible to grasp a tissue of a certain size, but cannot grasp a large tissue. On the other hand, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the forceps 1 having the second feature point
4 can be minimized, so that the handle 3 from the fulcrum 4 to the tip 5 is not limited to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 9 even when the gripper 2 is opened. Understand relatively large organizations.

Thus, the first and second features not only provide the same operation and effect as the scissors 1 shown in FIG. 1, but also increase the range of the operation site such as the tip 5 and the like. By doing so, the distance from the distal end portion 5 to the fulcrum 4 can be increased, so that the forceps 1 can grasp a tissue such as a relatively large organ regardless of the shallow portion or the deep portion of the lesion.

In view of the first characteristic point, as shown in FIG. 7, the intersection angle α formed by the handle portions 31 and 32 at the intersection 33 increases in proportion to the opening of the grip portion 2. . When the intersection angle α is increased to the intersection angle α ′, the intersection 33 is displaced to the intersection 33 ″ on the fulcrum side, but the handle portion separation width change amount y near the grip portion 2 with respect to the displacement width x increases (y <Y ′) This configuration has the effect of increasing the separation width between the handle portions 31 and 32 in the vicinity of the grip portion 2, and even if the forceps are inserted deep into the human body, The operability of the portion 2 is not hindered by the outer cylinder 9. The operation and effect are as described above.
The more the intersection 33 is made closer to the gripper 2 and the larger the intersection angle is, the better the effect is obtained. Also, as in the forceps 1 according to this embodiment, each of the handle portions 31 and 32 is formed into an arc shape, so that the intersections 33 and 33 'or the intersection 3 are formed.
In the case where each of the handle portions 31 and 32 draws an arc from the 3 ″ to the grip portions 21 and 22 and separates outward, the handle portion separation width change amount y becomes larger. Incidentally, the same is based on FIG. When comparing the separation width of each handle portion and the opening width of each tip of the forceps 1 at the positions X and X 'and the conventional forceps 100, the separation width at the X position of the forceps 1 is the X' position of the forceps 100. The opening width of the distal end portion 5 is W4, and is only W5 in the case of the forceps 100. Although this is approximately 1/2 of the separation width of the forceps 100, the operation of the gripping portion 2 is limited to the outer cylinder or the like. It is possible to provide a forceps capable of grasping not only shallow lesions but also deep lesions with a simple structure without being restricted by the above. The same applies to the intersection 34 of 320, so that each of the patterns 31
The closer the 0,320 intersection 34 is to the fulcrum 4 and the larger the intersection angle is, the more the operability of the gripper 2 is not hindered by the outer cylinder 9.

In the forceps 1 constructed as described above, as shown in FIG. 7, the length l from the grip portion 2 to the intersection 4 is substantially equal to the length l from the intersection 4 to the tip 5. Fulcrum 4
Are located at approximately の of the entire length of the forceps. Therefore "Lever"
As can be seen from the action of the "moment of force", the opening and closing force of the gripping part 2 is equally transmitted to the tip part 5, and the opening width of the tip part is adjusted to the opening width of the gripping part 2. Therefore, the forceps 1 is excellent in operation accuracy.

The surgical instrument having the structure shown in FIGS.
By expanding the range of the action site such as the distal end portion 5 and increasing the distance from the distal end portion to the fulcrum, it is possible to grasp a tissue such as a relatively large organ, and to carry out a lung grasping forceps, gonopharyngeal forceps or hemostatic forceps ( Alice forceps) and the like. For example, when applied to a lung grasping forceps, the tip 5 may be formed in a ring shape as shown in FIG. With such a configuration, the opening / closing force of the gripper 2 is reduced to a ring-like gripper 53.
And the organs such as the lungs can be prevented from being damaged.

In place of the ring-shaped tip 5,
The grasping portion as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C may be formed. FIG. 8A shows the distal end portion 5 of a gonorrhea gland forceps, FIG. 8B shows the distal end portion 5 of a hemostatic forceps (Alice forceps), and FIG. 8C shows the distal end portion 5 of a lung grasping forceps.

[0028]

According to the surgical instrument according to the first aspect,
When the tip portion is closed, that is, when the grip portion is also closed, since the handle portions intersect between the fulcrum and the grip portion, the separation width between the handle portions is maximized. When the grip is opened, the separation width of each handle is reduced in inverse proportion to the opening width. Finally, the intersection where each pattern part intersects is a part where each pattern part overlaps and is the minimum part of the separation width of each pattern part.
Therefore, even if the tip is inserted deep into the human body like a conventional scissors-type forceps, needle holder and scissors, the operation of the gripper can be opened and closed without being hindered by the outer tube. The tip also opens and closes, making it possible to use forceps etc. that can grasp the target as the same function regardless of the shallow depth from the body surface to the operation site, and the structure is simple, similar to the case of large surgical wounds It is possible to provide a surgical instrument having operability of the above. That is, the present invention eliminates the critical limitation of surgical instruments having a scissors structure to be used in trans-cylindrical surgical operations and trans-costal surgical operations in endoscopic surgery in the abdominal cavity and thoracic cavity, The present invention can provide the same convenience and safety as a surgical operation under direct view of the chest, and can also provide the economy of reducing the burden on patients and medical administration.

Further, since the distance between the intersection and the grip can be shortened, the forceps and the like can be inserted deeply until the grip contacts the outer cylinder and the like, and the grip can be operated. It is more useful to alleviate the restriction due to the operation part.

The structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is suitable for a peeling / holding forceps, a ligation auxiliary forceps, or a needle holder as described in the second aspect . However, it can be applied to other surgical instruments.

According to the surgical instrument of the third aspect , since each of the handle portions intersects once between the fulcrum and the grip portion, when the grip portion is closed, When the separation width of each handle is maximized and the grip is opened, the separation width of each handle is reduced in inverse proportion to the opening width. In addition, the intersection where each pattern intersects is a portion where each pattern overlaps and is a minimum part of the separation width of each pattern. In addition, since each handle intersects between the fulcrum and the tip, the intersection of each handle between the fulcrum and the tip moves in the direction of the fulcrum as the grip is opened, and is proportional to the movement of this intersection. The range of the action site such as the tip is enlarged. Also, the intersection of each handle between the fulcrum and the tip portion is a portion where each handle overlaps and the separation width of each handle centered on the fulcrum can be minimized, so each handle between the fulcrum and the gripper With the action of the intersection, the operating range in which the surgical instrument can be operated without being restricted to the inner wall of the outer cylinder can be expanded.
Therefore, not only the same operation and effect as in the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, but also the range of the action site such as the distal end portion can be expanded and the distance from the distal end portion to the fulcrum can be increased, so that the shallow portion of the lesion can be obtained. It is possible to grasp relatively large organs and other tissues regardless of whether they are deep or deep.

According to the surgical instrument of the fourth aspect , since the distance between the intersection and the grip can be shortened, the forceps or the like can be inserted deeply until the grip contacts the outer cylinder or the like. In addition, the gripping portion can be operated, which is more useful for alleviating the restriction by the operation portion.

[0033] In the invention, it may be the intersection between the fulcrum and the distal end portion is close to the fulcrum as described in claim 5. With this configuration, the distance between the distal end portion and the fulcrum can be maximized, so that a tissue such as a larger organ can be grasped.

According to the surgical instrument of the sixth aspect ,
As is clear from the action of "lever" and the action of "moment of force", the opening / closing force of the gripper is equally transmitted to the tip and the opening / closing width of the tip corresponding to the opening / closing width of the gripper,
It has excellent operation accuracy and can be operated in the same manner as a conventional scissor-shaped surgical instrument.

The configuration of each invention described in claims 3 to 6, as described in claim 7, lymph node forceps is suitable for hemostat (Alice forceps) or lung grasping forceps. However,
It can be applied to other surgical instruments.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) is a plan view of the scissors when the scissors tip is closed, that is, when the scissors grip is also closed, and FIG. 1 (b) is when the scissors tips are opened, ie, when the scissors grasp is also opened. (C) is a plan view of the scissors when the scissors grip is further opened,

FIGS. 2A and 2B are examples of the tip configuration when the surgical instrument shown in FIG. 1 is applied to an instrument other than a scissor, wherein FIG. 2A is a "weak one forceps", and FIG. forceps",
(C) is a “right-angle forceps”, (d) is a “needle holder”, (e) is a configuration example diagram of each tip of the ligation assist forceps,

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fulcrum configuration in which a front end portion and a handle portion are cut before and after a fulcrum, and FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a forceps,

FIG. 5 (a) is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the forceps, FIG. 5 (b) is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the conventional forceps,

FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the operation of the forceps, and FIGS. 6 (c) and 6 (d) correspond to claim 1 shown for explaining the operation of the forceps. Plan view of forceps,

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the forceps,

FIGS. 8A and 8B are examples of the distal end configuration when the surgical instrument shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 is applied to another instrument, wherein FIG. 8A shows the distal end of a gonorrhea gland forceps, and FIG. (Alice forceps)
(C) shows the tip of the lung grasping forceps.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are plan views of a scissor as a conventional surgical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,100 ... forceps, 2, 21, 22, ... gripping part,
3, 31, 32 ... handle, 33, 34 ...
Intersection 4 ... fulcrum, 5, 51, 52 ... tip, 5
3 ... grasping part, 6 ... stopper, 7 ... needle holder, 1, 8 ... scissor, 9 ... outer cylinder.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A surgical instrument wherein a grip portion is provided at one end of each of a pair of handle portions, and a tip portion is provided at each other end, and the tip portion opens and closes about a fulcrum in response to opening and closing of the grip portion. In the above, when the tip portion is closed, each of the handle portions is the fulcrum.
And gradually separate as it approaches the grip,
Intersect at close positions and share with each gripper
The handle is substantially straight from the fulcrum to just before the intersection area.
A surgical instrument characterized by being formed . Wherein said surgical instrument is peeling and grasping forceps, surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that either of the ligating auxiliary forceps or needle holder. 3. A surgical instrument wherein a grip portion is provided at one end of each of a pair of handle portions, and a tip portion is provided at each other end, and the tip portion opens and closes about a fulcrum in response to opening and closing of the grip portion. 3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the handle portions intersect each other once between the fulcrum and the grip portion and between the distal end portion and the fulcrum. 4. The surgical instrument according to claim 3 , wherein an intersection between the fulcrum and the grip is close to the grip. 5. The intersection between the fulcrum and the tip, the surgical instrument according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that in proximity to the fulcrum. 6. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the fulcrum is positioned substantially half a surgical instrument length. Wherein said surgical instrument, for surgery according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that lymphatic forceps, either hemostats (Alice forceps) or lung grasping forceps Appliances.