JP2854125B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents
Lighting deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2854125B2 JP2854125B2 JP31619290A JP31619290A JP2854125B2 JP 2854125 B2 JP2854125 B2 JP 2854125B2 JP 31619290 A JP31619290 A JP 31619290A JP 31619290 A JP31619290 A JP 31619290A JP 2854125 B2 JP2854125 B2 JP 2854125B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- diffraction grating
- daylighting
- lighting
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は居住用建物，オフィスビルなどの照明に使用
される採光装置の改良に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement in a lighting device used for lighting a residential building, an office building, or the like.
［従来の技術］ 従来，屋外の光を室内に導く採光装置としては，集光
用の凸レンズなどの光学素子から構成され屋上部に設け
たもの，あるいは屋根もしくは壁を開口して突出させて
設けたものが知られている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a daylighting device for guiding outdoor light indoors, a daylighting device configured by an optical element such as a converging lens or the like provided on a rooftop or provided by opening a roof or a wall and protruding therefrom is provided. Are known.
更に，この改良案の採光装置として特開昭64−65504
号公報に示すように，一方の面に照射される平面波と端
面から照射される球面波による干渉縞が形成されたホロ
グラムを透明板状体を設けるようにした回折格子設置型
のものも存在する。Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-65504 discloses a lighting device of this improved proposal.
As shown in the publication, there is a diffraction grating installation type in which a hologram in which an interference fringe is formed by a plane wave irradiated on one surface and a spherical wave irradiated from an end surface is provided with a transparent plate-like body. .
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかしながら，従来の第１の採光装置は，大きな受光
面を必要とするので大形となり，光ファイバーで伝送す
る場合には集光するために，凸レンズなどの光学素子を
多数必要とする。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the conventional first daylighting device requires a large light-receiving surface and is therefore large, and when transmitted by an optical fiber, is condensed. Are required.
また，採光ダクトで伝送する場合には，大面積の反射
鏡を必要とするので高価なものとなり，その上採光装置
を独自に設ける必要があるので，それだけ有効な空間が
狭められてしまうという欠点（課題）があった。In addition, when transmitting light through a lighting duct, a large-area reflecting mirror is required, which is expensive. In addition, since a lighting device must be provided independently, the effective space is reduced accordingly. (Issues).
更に，改良案のものの場合も，回折格子が平行に形成
されているため，太陽光のように３次元で動く光源の場
合には回折光の方向が定まらず，太陽の移動に対応させ
るために複数枚重ねて使用する構成とする必要がある。
従って，採光装置を薄形にできないだけでなく，光量の
減衰は避けられず，採光効率が悪くなるという問題点
（課題）があった。Furthermore, in the case of the improved proposal, since the diffraction grating is formed in parallel, in the case of a light source that moves in three dimensions, such as sunlight, the direction of the diffracted light is not determined. It is necessary to use a configuration in which a plurality of sheets are used.
Therefore, there is a problem (problem) that not only the lighting device cannot be made thin, but also the attenuation of the light amount is unavoidable and the lighting efficiency is deteriorated.
本発明は従来のものの上記課題を解決するようにした
採光装置を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a daylighting device that solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional device.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明は光を室内に導く採光装置において，光を取り
入れる採光部に，環状の複数の溝を有する透過型の回折
格子を配置するようにしたものである。Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, in a daylighting device for guiding light indoors, a transmission type diffraction grating having a plurality of annular grooves is arranged in a daylighting portion for receiving light.
［作用］ 本発明では環状の複数の溝を有する透過型の回折格子
を採光部に配置することにより，各方向から太陽光が入
射しても必ず中心方向の回折光が存在し，ある微小部分
の採光効率が低くとも，全体として多くの回折光が集め
られる。[Operation] In the present invention, by disposing a transmission type diffraction grating having a plurality of annular grooves in the lighting unit, even if sunlight is incident from each direction, diffracted light always exists in the center direction even if sunlight enters from each direction. Even if the daylighting efficiency is low, a large amount of diffracted light is collected as a whole.
更に，反射板を設けるようにした場合は散乱した光も
可能な限り集められるようになり，光の減衰はなくな
る。Further, when a reflecting plate is provided, scattered light can be collected as much as possible, and the light is not attenuated.
［実施例］ 次に，本発明による採光装置を第１図〜第５図を用い
て説明する。Embodiment Next, a lighting device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
第１図は本発明を使用した住宅の一例であり，建物は
南側に面して,1階の部屋1,2階の部屋2,北側風呂３と台
所4,地階に地下室5,屋根６には後述する構成の採光装置
７を装備するようにしている。FIG. 1 shows an example of a house using the present invention. The building faces the south side, the first floor room 1, the second floor room 2, the north bath 3 and kitchen 4, the basement 5 on the basement floor and the roof 6 Is a daylighting device with the configuration described below
7 is equipped.
この建物では，地下室５は当然として，北側にある風
呂３や台所４にも窓が設けてなく，周壁８を充分な厚み
の断熱壁にする一方，これらの部屋の昼間の照明は採光
装置７からの光を用い，光拡散装置9,10,11によって，
光が各部屋3,4,5に供給されるようになっている。In this building, basement 5 is of course a to not have even a window provided in the bath 3 and kitchen 4 on the north side, while the peripheral wall 8 on the insulating wall of sufficient thickness, daytime illumination lighting apparatus of rooms 7 Using the light from
Light is supplied to each of the rooms 3, 4, and 5.
この場合，採光装置７としては，図示のように屋根６
に嵌め込まれたあるいは，屋根上に置かれた採光部12，
この採光部12から光を以降の各室に導く導光ダクト20が
連結されて構成されている。In this case, the lighting device 7 includes a roof 6 as shown in the figure.
Lighting part 12 fitted in or placed on the roof
A light guide duct 20 that guides light from the daylighting unit 12 to each of the following rooms is connected to each other.
ところで，本発明の採光装置７では採光部12の構造に
特徴をもつものであるから，次にその構造の詳細につい
て第２図〜第５図を用いて説明する。By the way, in the daylighting device 7 of the present invention, since the structure of the daylighting unit 12 is characterized, the details of the structure will be described with reference to FIGS.
第２図は通常の回折格子13aの特性を示す略式の正面
図で，同格子13aに対して上方から入射光Ｐがあると，
同図に示すように格子ピッチ溝を通過することによって
＋Q1,＋Q2,＋Q3,＋Q4,・・−Q1,−Q2,・・という±ｎ次
の回折光を生じる。FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the characteristics of a normal diffraction grating 13a.
As shown in the figure, by passing through the grating pitch grooves, ± n-order diffracted lights of + Q 1 , + Q 2 , + Q 3 , + Q 4 ,..., −Q 1 , −Q 2 ,.
この場合，同じパターンの回折格子では回折光の次数
が多くなる程，効率は低下し，暗くなってしまうという
性質がある。In this case, the efficiency of the diffraction grating having the same pattern decreases as the order of the diffracted light increases.
本発明の採光部12は回折格子のこのような性質に着目
し，また，回折格子として第３図（イ）に示すように１
枚の透明板に同心円状または楕円状等の環状の複数の溝
を形成した回折格子13を採用するようにした点にその特
徴がある。The daylighting unit 12 of the present invention pays attention to such a property of the diffraction grating, and as a diffraction grating, as shown in FIG.
This is characterized in that a diffraction grating 13 having a plurality of concentric or elliptical annular grooves formed in a single transparent plate is employed.
このように例えば同心円状に形成した格子溝を備えた
回折格子13の場合，第２図に示した回折光の状態が同心
円状に集合したものと考えられ，第３図（ロ）に同図
（イ）のＡ−Ａ′断面を示すように中心へ向かう光以外
の光は分散するが，中心に向う光は多くなり，全体とし
て採光効率が向上できるような性質を有することが分か
る。Thus, for example, in the case of the diffraction grating 13 having the concentrically formed grating grooves, it is considered that the states of the diffracted light shown in FIG. 2 are concentrically gathered, and FIG. As shown in the A-A 'cross section of (a), light other than light directed toward the center is dispersed, but light directed toward the center is increased, and it can be seen that the light-collecting efficiency is improved as a whole.
第４図及び第５図はこの回折格子13を用いた採光装置
の一実施例を示すもので，回折格子13の下方へ向かう側
壁は円筒状の反射板14または対向して配置された２枚の
反射板14,14′によって形成し、回折光を導く導光ダク
ト17に連結するように構成している。FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment of a daylighting apparatus using the diffraction grating 13. The downward side wall of the diffraction grating 13 has a cylindrical reflection plate 14 or two oppositely arranged reflection plates. And is connected to a light guide duct 17 for guiding diffracted light.
なお，第５図は第４図に断面図で示した採光部12の斜
視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the daylighting unit 12 shown in a sectional view in FIG.
このような回折格子13は，ガラス，フイルム等の透明
材料より成る基板の表面をフオトレジスト（樹脂）で被
覆した後，上方から照射して同心円状の各格子溝をエッ
チング加工して形成する。Such a diffraction grating 13 is formed by coating the surface of a substrate made of a transparent material such as glass or film with a photoresist (resin) and then irradiating it from above to etch the concentric grating grooves.
また，反射板14,14′を回折格子13と導光ダクト17間
に配置したのはこれら反射板14,14′により第４図に示
すように散乱光を導光ダクト17側に効率良く集めるよう
にするためである。The reason why the reflectors 14, 14 'are arranged between the diffraction grating 13 and the light guide duct 17 is that the scattered light is efficiently collected on the light guide duct 17 side by the reflectors 14, 14' as shown in FIG. That's why.
第１図に戻り，上記のように構成される採光部12の導
光ダクト17に対し，室内供給用の導光ダクト20を連結す
る。Returning to FIG. 1, a light guide duct 20 for indoor supply is connected to the light guide duct 17 of the daylighting unit 12 configured as described above.
導光ダクト20に供給された光は同ダクト20を介して各
室へ導かれるようになっている。The light supplied to the light guide duct 20 is guided to each room via the light guide duct 20.
このように導光ダクト20を用いて光を各室へ搬送する
方式に代えて，光ファィバー方式での各室への搬送を行
うようにすることもできる。As described above, instead of using the light guide duct 20 to transfer light to each room, the light can be transferred to each room by an optical fiber system.
この場合は，導光ダクト17内にフレネルレンズ（図示
せず）を配置し，以降は光ファィバーによって各室へ光
を供給するような構成とすれば良い。In this case, a Fresnel lens (not shown) may be arranged in the light guide duct 17, and thereafter, light may be supplied to each chamber by an optical fiber.
以上のような構成において，昼間は太陽光線が採光装
置７によって集められ，北側の各部屋3,4,5に搬送・供
給される。In the configuration as described above, in the daytime, sunlight is collected by the daylighting device 7 and transported and supplied to the rooms 3, 4, and 5 on the north side.
ところで，本発明の実施例では上記のように採光部12
としては，上方に配置された回折格子13の複数個の格子
溝から夫々±１次から±ｎ次の回折光が出され，しかも
各格子溝が同心円状に形成されているから，どの方向に
光源があっても必ず，中心方向の回折光が存在して，全
体として多くの回折光が導光ダクト17,20側へ供給され
る。Meanwhile, the lighting part 12 as described above in the embodiment of the present invention
In this case, ± 1st to ± nth-order diffracted light beams are respectively emitted from a plurality of grating grooves of the diffraction grating 13 arranged above, and since each grating groove is formed concentrically, Even if there is a light source, diffracted light in the center direction always exists, and a large amount of diffracted light is supplied to the light guide ducts 17 and 20 as a whole.
この場合，反射板14,14′によって散乱光は効率良く
集光されてダクト17,20側へ導かれる。In this case, the scattered light is efficiently condensed by the reflectors 14 and 14 ′ and guided to the ducts 17 and 20.
従って，太陽の運行に伴う入射光線の角度の変化に拘
わらず，太陽光線は採光部12からダクト20を介して各室
１〜５へと効率良く導かれる。Therefore, regardless of the change in the angle of the incident light beam due to the operation of the sun, the solar light is efficiently guided from the lighting unit 12 to each of the rooms 1 to 5 via the duct 20.
なお，本発明は上記実施例に示した太陽光線を室内へ
効率良く導く採光装置としての用途の他，天井面に多数
設置された人工光を一箇所に集めて他の場所へ送るよう
な装置の分野にも適用することができる。In addition, the present invention is not only used as a daylighting device for efficiently guiding sunlight rays into a room as described in the above embodiment, but also a device for collecting a large number of artificial lights installed on a ceiling surface and sending them to another place. Can also be applied to the field.
［発明の効果］ 本発明は，上記のように採光部に環状の複数の格子溝
を形成した回折格子を配置するようにしたものであるか
ら，次のような優れた効果を有する。[Effects of the Invention] The present invention, in which a diffraction grating having a plurality of annular grating grooves formed in a light-receiving portion as described above, is arranged, has the following excellent effects.
入射光が様々の方向からくる光であった場合及び太陽
光線のように入射角が時間的に変化するような場合に対
して，所定の回折格子溝によって中心方向への回折光と
して有効に入射光を取り入れることができる。When the incident light is coming from various directions and when the incident angle changes over time like sunlight rays, it is effectively incident as the diffracted light toward the center by the specified diffraction grating groove. Can take in light.
また，反射板を設けるようにすれば散乱光も効率良く
集光することができる。Further, if a reflecting plate is provided, scattered light can be efficiently collected.
しかも本発明の場合，従来のような大掛かりな追尾機
構を備える必要がなく，また,1枚の回折格子で構成され
る平板型の採光部となるため，採光装置は薄形で軽量と
することができ，建物の屋根だけでなく，壁に対しても
容易に設置でき便利である。In addition, in the case of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a large tracking mechanism as in the related art, and since the lighting unit is a flat-shaped lighting unit composed of one diffraction grating, the lighting device should be thin and lightweight. It can be easily installed not only on the roof of the building, but also on the wall, which is convenient.
第１図は本発明を適用する採光装置の全体構成を示す模
式的な縦断側面図である。 第２図〜第５図は本発明の採光部を説明するためのもの
で，その内，第２図は通常の回折格子への入射光の状況
を説明するための正面図，第３図（イ）は本発明の回折
格子を示す平面図，同図（ロ）は同図（イ）のＡ−Ａ′
断面で見た入射光の状況を説明する図面である。 また，第４図及び第５図は夫々本発明の採光装置の一実
施例を示す縦断正面図及び斜視図である。７ ：採光装置12 ：採光部 13:回折格子 14,14′：反射板FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal side view showing the entire configuration of a daylighting device to which the present invention is applied. 2 to 5 are views for explaining the daylighting unit of the present invention, in which FIG. 2 is a front view for explaining the state of light incident on a normal diffraction grating, and FIG. (A) is a plan view showing the diffraction grating of the present invention, and (b) is a line AA 'in FIG.
It is a figure explaining the situation of the incident light seen in the section. 4 and 5 are a longitudinal sectional front view and a perspective view, respectively, showing an embodiment of the daylighting device of the present invention. 7 : Lighting device 12 : Lighting unit 13: Diffraction grating 14, 14 ': Reflector
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) G02B 6/00 331 F21S 11/00 E04D 13/03──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) G02B 6/00 331 F21S 11/00 E04D 13/03
Claims (1)
り入れる採光部に，環状の複数の溝を有する透過型の回
折格子を配置したことを特徴とする採光装置。1. A daylighting device for guiding light into a room, wherein a transmission type diffraction grating having a plurality of annular grooves is arranged in a daylighting portion for receiving the light.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31619290A JP2854125B2 (en) | 1990-11-22 | 1990-11-22 | Lighting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31619290A JP2854125B2 (en) | 1990-11-22 | 1990-11-22 | Lighting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04188101A JPH04188101A (en) | 1992-07-06 |
| JP2854125B2 true JP2854125B2 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
Family
ID=18074325
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31619290A Expired - Fee Related JP2854125B2 (en) | 1990-11-22 | 1990-11-22 | Lighting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2854125B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3050271B2 (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 2000-06-12 | 和雄 吉野 | Solar concentrator |
| JPH0961746A (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 1997-03-07 | Akihiro Sugano | Pipe for transporting sunbeam into room |
-
1990
- 1990-11-22 JP JP31619290A patent/JP2854125B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04188101A (en) | 1992-07-06 |
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