JP2853536B2 - Sheet material drawing method and apparatus - Google Patents
Sheet material drawing method and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JP2853536B2 JP2853536B2 JP5293150A JP29315093A JP2853536B2 JP 2853536 B2 JP2853536 B2 JP 2853536B2 JP 5293150 A JP5293150 A JP 5293150A JP 29315093 A JP29315093 A JP 29315093A JP 2853536 B2 JP2853536 B2 JP 2853536B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- die
- liquid
- liquid discharge
- discharge port
- holding plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は板材の絞り加工方法およ
びその装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for drawing a sheet material.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】板材のプレス成形において、絞り加工は
頻繁に行われる加工方法であり、小物部品から自動車の
外板、流し台、浴槽などの大物部品まで多くの部品に適
用されている。2. Description of the Related Art In the press forming of a plate material, drawing is a frequent working method, and is applied to many parts from small parts to large parts such as a car outer plate, a sink, a bathtub, and the like.
【0003】図5は従来の通常の絞り加工方法の例であ
る。図5において1はパンチ、2はダイ、3はしわ押え
板、4は被加工材であり、被加工材4をダイ2としわ押
え板3で所定の力で挟持した状態でパンチ1を押し込む
ことによって、絞り加工が行われる。しかしながら絞り
加工においては、しわ発生や破断が不具合としてしばし
ば問題になる。しわの発生を抑制するためにはできるだ
け高い挟持力の付加が必要であるが、挟持力を高くする
と必然的にダイおよびしわ押え板間の摩擦力の増大をま
ねき、金型内への被加工材の流入を阻害し、ひいては破
断に至る。FIG. 5 shows an example of a conventional ordinary drawing method. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a punch, 2 denotes a die, 3 denotes a wrinkle holding plate, and 4 denotes a workpiece. The punch 1 is pressed in a state in which the workpiece 4 is held by the die 2 as a die 2 with a predetermined force. Thus, drawing is performed. However, in drawing, wrinkling and breakage often cause problems as defects. To suppress the generation of wrinkles, it is necessary to add the pinching force as high as possible.However, if the pinching force is increased, the frictional force between the die and the wrinkle presser plate inevitably increases. It hinders the inflow of the material and eventually breaks.
【0004】一方、潤滑性の良好なプレス加工油などの
使用により被加工材とダイおよびしわ押え板間の摩擦力
を低減させた場合、破断の回避に対しては有効である
が、しわが発生し易くなる。このように絞り加工におい
ては、しわ発生と破断を同時に回避することは難しい。
特に複雑な部品形状の絞り加工においては、成形品の部
位により被加工材の引き込まれ易さが異なるため、引き
込まれにくい部分では破断が生じ易く、引き込まれ易い
部分ではしわや面ひずみなどの形状不良が発生し易くな
り、その対策に苦慮しているのが実情である。On the other hand, when the frictional force between the workpiece and the die and the wrinkle holding plate is reduced by using a press working oil having a good lubricating property, it is effective for avoiding breakage, but wrinkles are prevented. It is easy to occur. Thus, in drawing, it is difficult to avoid wrinkles and breakage at the same time.
In particular, in drawing of complex parts, the workability of the workpiece is different depending on the part of the molded product, so breaks are likely to occur in parts that are difficult to be drawn, and wrinkles and surface distortions are likely to occur in parts that are easily drawn. Defects are more likely to occur, and the fact is that we are struggling with countermeasures.
【0005】これらの問題点に対しては、従来、以下の
様な方法が考えられてきた。絞り加工性を向上させるた
めに通常良く用いられる方法としては、潤滑性の優れた
高粘度のプレス加工油を用いて成形する方法がある。Conventionally, the following methods have been considered to solve these problems. As a method often used for improving drawability, there is a method of molding using a high-viscosity press oil having excellent lubricity.
【0006】またプレス加工油を用いて成形する方法以
外の方法として、文献1[塑性と加工、Vol.25,no.284
(1984),p831]に記載された対向液圧絞り法や、文献2
[塑性と加工、Vol.26,no.288(1985),p73 ]に記載され
た周液圧絞り法が提案されている。対向液圧絞り法は液
体を満たした金型内に剛体パンチを用いて被加工材を絞
り込む加工法である。パンチの押し込みに伴って非圧縮
体である液体が金型内から流出することにより、ダイと
被加工材間の摩擦力を低減させることができる。また周
液圧絞り法は、上述の対向液圧絞り法を基本にして、金
型内で発生した高圧の液体をバイパス回路を介して被加
工材の外縁の板面に圧縮力として作用させる方法であ
る。[0006] As a method other than the method of forming using a press working oil, see Document 1 [Plasticity and Working, Vol. 25, no.
(1984), p831], the opposed hydraulic pressure reduction method described in
A peripheral hydraulic drawing method described in [Plasticity and Working, Vol. 26, no. 288 (1985), p. 73] has been proposed. The opposing hydraulic drawing method is a processing method in which a workpiece is drawn using a rigid punch into a mold filled with liquid. The liquid, which is an incompressible body, flows out of the mold as the punch is pushed, so that the frictional force between the die and the workpiece can be reduced. The peripheral hydraulic drawing method is based on the above-described counter hydraulic drawing method, and is a method in which high-pressure liquid generated in a mold is applied as a compressive force to a plate surface at an outer edge of a workpiece through a bypass circuit. It is.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記の従
来の技術には以下の様な問題点があった。高粘度油の使
用は成形前の塗油および成形後の脱脂を困難とし、生産
性の低下をまねく。また、高粘度油の使用はプレス作業
環境を悪化させるとともに、金型あるいはプレス部品へ
のごみの付着頻度を増加させ、成形品の表面品質を損な
うこともある。このような欠点を排除したとしても、プ
レス加工油による加工性の向上にはおのずから限界があ
り、厳しい絞り加工の場合には破断を回避しきれない。However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. The use of a high-viscosity oil makes it difficult to apply oil before molding and degreasing after molding, leading to a decrease in productivity. In addition, the use of a high-viscosity oil worsens the press working environment, increases the frequency of dust attached to a mold or a pressed part, and sometimes impairs the surface quality of a molded product. Even if such disadvantages are eliminated, there is naturally a limit to the improvement of workability by press working oil, and breakage cannot be avoided in severe drawing.
【0008】一方、対向液圧絞り法を適用した場合に
は、パンチに被加工材を成形するに必要な荷重に加え、
金型内の液体を押し出すのに必要な背圧荷重が余分にか
かる。この背圧荷重は金型内で発生した液圧とパンチ投
影面積との積で求まるが、これは本来の成形荷重よりは
るかに大きいため、通常の成形に比べて非常に大きな加
圧能力を有するプレス機が必要となる。また、一つ一つ
の部品加工ごとに大量の液体の供給が必要となるため、
生産効率が著しく低下する。さらに流出する液体の圧力
はいかなる部位においても一様であり、被加工材の引き
込まれにくい部分のみの摩擦力を選択的に小さくするこ
とは困難である。On the other hand, when the opposing hydraulic drawing method is applied, in addition to the load required for forming a workpiece into a punch,
An extra back pressure load is required to push out the liquid in the mold. This back pressure load is determined by the product of the hydraulic pressure generated in the mold and the projected area of the punch. Since this is much larger than the original molding load, it has a very large pressurizing capacity compared to normal molding. A press machine is required. Also, since a large amount of liquid needs to be supplied for each part processing,
Production efficiency is significantly reduced. Further, the pressure of the outflowing liquid is uniform at any part, and it is difficult to selectively reduce the frictional force only in the part where the workpiece is hardly drawn.
【0009】また、周液圧絞り法では、絞り加工性がよ
り向上するとされているが、対向液圧絞り法が持つ欠点
はそのまま踏襲され、改善されていない。さらにこの周
液圧絞り法では、金型全外周にわたりシ−ルなどの液の
流出防止策を施す必要があり、金型作製が困難になると
ともに、耐久性の問題などが新たに発生する。Further, it is said that the drawability of the peripheral hydraulic drawing method is further improved, but the drawback of the opposed hydraulic drawing method is directly followed and has not been improved. Further, in this peripheral hydraulic drawing method, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the liquid such as a seal from flowing out over the entire outer periphery of the mold, which makes the production of the mold difficult and causes another problem of durability.
【0010】本発明はかかる絞り加工における問題点を
克服し、何ら特別の機能あるいは能力を持たない汎用的
なプレス機を用い、生産効率を阻害することなく、しわ
と破断を同時に回避でき、かつ必要な部位のみの摩擦力
を選択的に低減することが可能な、極めて絞り加工性の
優れた板材の絞り加工方法およびその装置を提供するも
のである。[0010] The present invention overcomes the drawbacks in drawing and uses a general-purpose press having no special function or ability to avoid wrinkles and breaks simultaneously without impairing production efficiency, and An object of the present invention is to provide a drawing method of a sheet material having extremely excellent drawing workability and a device therefor, which can selectively reduce a frictional force only at a necessary portion.
【0011】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題は以下の手段に
より解決される。 板材を絞り加工成形するとき、ダイまたはしわ押え
板あるいはその両方の金型の一部または全周に液吐出口
を設け、該液吐出口を設けた金型に対向する他方の金型
における該液吐出口に対向する部分を平坦面とし、該液
吐出口から、ダイとしわ押え板とによって挟持された被
加工材に圧力を持った液体を付加しながら絞り加工を行
うことを特徴とする板材の絞り加工方法。The above object is achieved by the following means. When machining draw forming a plate material, the liquid discharge port provided on part or the entire circumference of the die or the blank-holding plate or die both other mold opposite the mold provided with a liquid discharge port
The portion facing the liquid discharge port in the above is a flat surface,
A drawing method of a plate material, wherein drawing is performed while applying a liquid having pressure to a work material sandwiched between a die and a wrinkle holding plate from a discharge port .
【0012】 板材を絞り加工成形する装置におい
て、ダイまたはしわ押え板あるいはその両方の金型の一
部または全周に液吐出口を設け、該液吐出口を設けた金
型に対向する他方の金型における該液吐出口に対向する
部分を平坦面とし、ダイとしわ押え板とによって挟持さ
れた被加工材に圧力を持った液体を付加する手段を設け
たことを特徴とする板材の絞り加工装置。 上記装置において、液吐出口につながる液供給溝を
設けたことを特徴とする板材の絞り加工装置。[0012] In an apparatus for drawing and forming a plate material, a liquid discharge port is provided at one or a part of a die of a die and / or a wrinkle holding plate, and a metal provided with the liquid discharge port is provided.
Facing the liquid discharge port in the other mold facing the mold
An apparatus for drawing a plate material, characterized in that a part has a flat surface and means for adding a liquid having a pressure to a work material sandwiched between a die and a wrinkle retainer plate is provided. In the above apparatus, there is provided an apparatus for drawing a plate material, wherein a liquid supply groove connected to a liquid discharge port is provided.
【0013】[0013]
【作用】本発明法で絞り加工を行うと、被加工材とダイ
あるいは被加工材としわ押え板との各面間に圧力を持っ
た液が存在し続けるために、被加工材とダイあるいは被
加工材としわ押え板との各面間の摩擦力を著しく低減で
き、破断の発生を回避できる。When the drawing is performed by the method of the present invention, since a liquid having a pressure continues to exist between each surface of the workpiece and the die or the workpiece and the wrinkle holding plate, the workpiece and the die or The frictional force between each surface of the workpiece and the wrinkle holding plate can be significantly reduced, and breakage can be avoided.
【0014】また、しわの抑制については、圧力を持っ
た液をダイあるいはしわ押え板またはその両方から被加
工材に付加することにより、被加工材がダイまたはしわ
押え板あるいはダイとしわ押え板の両方に均一な面圧力
で貼り付けられながら成形が進行するために、しわ発生
の起点となる不均一さが排除され、実質的なしわ押え力
が増大する。この二つの効果の相乗により、単に被加工
材をダイとしわ押え板で挟持した場合に比べて飛躍的に
しわ発生が抑制される。ここで、液吐出口の平面位置を
ダイとしわ押え板で重ね合わせない場合には、その効果
が大きい。In order to suppress wrinkles, a pressurized liquid is applied to a workpiece from a die or a wrinkle holding plate or both, so that the material to be processed is a die or a wrinkle holding plate or a die and a wrinkle holding plate. Since the molding proceeds while being affixed to both of them at a uniform surface pressure, non-uniformity which is a starting point of wrinkle generation is eliminated, and a substantial wrinkle holding force is increased. Due to the synergistic effect of these two effects, the generation of wrinkles is dramatically reduced as compared with the case where the workpiece is simply clamped by the die and the wrinkle holding plate. Here, when the plane position of the liquid discharge port is not overlapped by the die and the wrinkle holding plate, the effect is large.
【0015】[0015]
【実施例】図1は本発明法によりダブルアクションプレ
ス機を使用して絞り加工を行う場合の絞り加工直前の状
態の一例を示す断面図、図2は本発明法によりシングル
アクションプレス機を使用して絞り加工を行う場合の絞
り加工直前の状態の断面図の一例、図3は本発明法によ
り円筒成形を行う場合のダイまたはしわ押え板の平面図
の一例、図4は本発明法により角筒成形を行う場合のダ
イまたはしわ押え板の平面図の一例である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a state immediately before drawing when drawing is performed using a double action press according to the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 uses a single action press according to the method of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an example of a sectional view of a state immediately before drawing when performing drawing and drawing, FIG. 3 is an example of a plan view of a die or a wrinkle holding plate when performing cylindrical forming by the method of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an example of a plan view of a die or a wrinkle holding plate when performing square tube molding.
【0016】これら図1〜図4において、図5と同一部
分については同一符号を付し、説明を省略する。図1〜
図4において、5はダイクッションピン、6はダイ2ま
たはしわ押え板3に施した液供給穴、7は液供給装置、
8は液供給装置7と液供給穴6を接続する液供給配管、
9はダイ2またはしわ押え板3に施した液供給穴6を経
て供給された液を被加工材4とダイ2およびしわ押え板
3の間に付加させる液吐出口、10はダイ2またはしわ
押え板3に施した液供給穴6を経て液吐出口9より吐出
した液を広い領域に配分する場合に施す液供給溝であ
る。In FIGS. 1 to 4, the same parts as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Figure 1
In FIG. 4, 5 is a die cushion pin, 6 is a liquid supply hole formed in the die 2 or the wrinkle holding plate 3, 7 is a liquid supply device,
8 is a liquid supply pipe connecting the liquid supply device 7 and the liquid supply hole 6,
Reference numeral 9 denotes a liquid discharge port for adding the liquid supplied through the liquid supply hole 6 formed in the die 2 or the wrinkle holding plate 3 between the workpiece 4 and the die 2 and the wrinkle holding plate 3; This is a liquid supply groove provided when the liquid discharged from the liquid discharge port 9 through the liquid supply hole 6 formed in the holding plate 3 is distributed to a wide area.
【0017】このような装置で絞り加工を行うに際して
は、例えば図1に示す絞り加工装置の場合には、被加工
材4をダイ2上に設置し、しわ押え板3により押圧して
挟持した後、パンチ1を下降させて絞り加工を行う際
に、液供給装置7により加圧され、液供給配管8および
ダイ2あるいはしわ押え板3に施した液供給穴6および
液吐出口9を経て供給された液体を、ダイ2またはしわ
押え板3あるいはその両方の金型穴輪郭線近傍の一部ま
たは全周に設置し、液吐出口9につながる液供給溝10
より、ダイ2としわ押え板3とによって挟持された被加
工材に付加しながら絞り加工を行う。これにより、しわ
の抑制と破断の回避を同時に達成でき、しわや破断のな
い良好な絞り加工製品を容易に加工せしめることが可能
になる。When performing drawing by such an apparatus, for example, in the case of the drawing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece 4 is placed on the die 2 and pressed and clamped by the wrinkle holding plate 3. Thereafter, when drawing is performed by lowering the punch 1, it is pressurized by the liquid supply device 7 and passes through the liquid supply pipe 8 and the liquid supply hole 6 and the liquid discharge port 9 formed in the die 2 or the wrinkle holding plate 3. The supplied liquid is set on a part or the whole circumference near the contour of the die hole of the die 2 or the wrinkle holding plate 3 or both, and the liquid supply groove 10 connected to the liquid discharge port 9 is provided.
Thus, drawing is performed while being added to the workpiece sandwiched between the die 2 and the wrinkle holding plate 3. Thereby, suppression of wrinkles and avoidance of breakage can be achieved at the same time, and it becomes possible to easily process a good drawn product without wrinkles or breakage.
【0018】この際、本発明に用いる液供給装置7は、
液圧と付加タイミングを制御できる機能を持つものであ
ればどのような装置でも良く、その機構の詳細は問わな
い。また、高圧液の付加時期は被加工材4をダイ2とし
わ押え板3で挟持した直後が基本であるが、被加工材4
をダイ2としわ押え板3で挟持する前から付加しても良
く、また成形がある程度進み、しわや破断などが発生し
はじめる時期に合わせて付加することも可能である。高
圧液の付加場所とその範囲は、液吐出口9の配置位置お
よび液吐出口9より付加された高圧液を広い領域に配分
する液供給溝10の大きさおよび形状によって定まる
が、これらは絞り加工製品の形状や加工形態に応じて選
択することが望ましい。At this time, the liquid supply device 7 used in the present invention comprises:
Any device having a function of controlling the hydraulic pressure and the additional timing may be used, and the details of the mechanism are not limited. In addition, the time for applying the high-pressure liquid is basically immediately after the workpiece 4 is clamped between the die 2 and the blanking plate 3.
May be added before being held between the die 2 and the wrinkle holding plate 3, or may be added at a time when the forming proceeds to some extent and wrinkles or breakage starts to occur. The location and range of the high-pressure liquid are determined by the position of the liquid discharge port 9 and the size and shape of the liquid supply groove 10 for distributing the high-pressure liquid added from the liquid discharge port 9 to a wide area. It is desirable to select according to the shape and processing form of the processed product.
【0019】すなわち、ダイあるいはしわ押え板の穴輪
郭線直角方向(絞り方向)に対する高圧液の付加位置と
しては、しわが最も発生しやすいダイあるいはしわ押え
板の穴輪郭線近傍に近接して配置することが望ましく、
これはまた摩擦力が最も高くなるダイ肩部への高圧液の
付加を容易とするために破断に対しても有効である。In other words, the high-pressure liquid is added in the direction perpendicular to the hole contour line (drawing direction) of the die or the wrinkle retainer plate in the vicinity of the hole contour line of the die or the wrinkle retainer plate where wrinkles are most likely to occur. It is desirable to
This is also effective against breakage to facilitate the application of high pressure liquid to the die shoulder where the frictional force is highest.
【0020】一方、ダイ穴輪郭線方向位置については加
工形態によって最適位置が異なる。例えば図3に示す軸
対称の円筒絞り加工の場合には、全周を均一な加工条件
にする必要があり、ダイ2としわ押え板3によって挟持
された被加工材4の全面に高圧液を付加することが望ま
しい。On the other hand, the optimum position of the die hole contour line direction differs depending on the processing mode. For example, in the case of the axisymmetric cylindrical drawing shown in FIG. 3, it is necessary to set uniform processing conditions on the entire circumference, and high-pressure liquid is applied to the entire surface of the workpiece 4 sandwiched between the die 2 and the wrinkle holding plate 3. It is desirable to add.
【0021】また、例えば図4に示す非軸対称の四角筒
絞り加工の場合には、コーナー部分の加工が最も厳しい
加工条件となるが、逆に直辺部は材料流入が過大となる
ため絞り壁にベコが発生し易い。このような場合にはダ
イ2としわ押え板3によって挟持された被加工材4のコ
ーナー部のみに集中して高圧液を付加することが望まし
い。For example, in the case of drawing a non-axisymmetric square cylinder shown in FIG. 4, the processing of the corners is the strictest, but on the other hand, the drawing of the right side is too large because the material inflow is excessive. Beko easily occurs on the wall. In such a case, it is desirable to apply the high-pressure liquid to only the corners of the workpiece 4 sandwiched between the die 2 and the wrinkle holding plate 3.
【0022】さらに、高圧液はダイ2あるいはしわ押え
板3のそれぞれ単独に付加しても充分に効果を発揮する
が、より厳しい絞り加工においてはダイ2およびしわ押
え板3の両方から付加し、しかも液圧を付加する平面位
置をダイとしわ押え板で重ね合わせないことが望まし
い。付加する高圧液の圧力は高いほど好ましいが、しわ
あるいは破断回避に効果を発揮する所定以上の圧力であ
れば良く、成形部品の難易度あるいは不具合の発生状況
に応じて付加部位とその液圧力を適宜選択すれば良い。
また、本発明に用いる高圧液の種類は特定する必要はな
く、高圧液の供給経路内で腐食や目詰りなどの不具合が
発生せず、かつ絞り加工部品の腐食の発生や脱脂性を損
なわないものであればその種類は問わない。Further, the high-pressure liquid exerts a sufficient effect even when it is added to the die 2 or the wrinkle-holding plate 3 alone, but is applied from both the die 2 and the wrinkle-holding plate 3 in more severe drawing. Further, it is desirable that the plane position to which the hydraulic pressure is applied is not overlapped with the die and the wrinkle holding plate. The pressure of the high-pressure liquid to be added is preferably as high as possible, but may be any pressure higher than a predetermined value that is effective in avoiding wrinkles or breakage. What is necessary is just to select suitably.
Further, the type of the high-pressure liquid used in the present invention does not need to be specified, does not cause a problem such as corrosion or clogging in the supply path of the high-pressure liquid, and does not impair corrosion or degreasing of drawn parts. Any type is acceptable.
【0023】以上、本発明の詳細を図1に示すダブルア
クションプレス機による絞り加工の場合を例として説明
したが、本発明法は図2に一例として示すシングルアク
ションプレス機においても適用可能であり、絞り加工が
行えるプレス機であればいずれも適用可能である。ま
た、本発明法は絞り加工に供する材料であればその種類
を問わず適用が可能である。Although the details of the present invention have been described above by taking as an example the case of drawing by a double action press machine shown in FIG. 1, the method of the present invention is also applicable to a single action press machine shown as an example in FIG. Any press machine that can perform drawing can be applied. Further, the method of the present invention can be applied to any material that is to be subjected to drawing.
【0024】図6は、液吐出口及びそれにともなう液溝
を多数設けた場合の、ダイ2としわ押え板3で被加工材
4を挟持した状態を示す図である。図6において11〜
15は液吐出口、16はダイ肩部を示す。FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which the workpiece 4 is sandwiched between the die 2 and the wrinkle holding plate 3 when a large number of liquid discharge ports and liquid grooves associated therewith are provided. In FIG.
Reference numeral 15 denotes a liquid discharge port, and 16 denotes a die shoulder.
【0025】図8は、図1および図6に示す組み合わせ
で円筒絞り試験を行い、円形板材をしわ押え力を種々変
化させて成形した時の破断あるいはしわが発生しはじめ
る限界しわ押え力を、液吐出口11または12から高圧
液を吐出した場合、液吐出口13と14から高圧液を吐
出した場合、液吐出口13と15から高圧液を吐出した
場合の各々について示している。図中左端は比較例とし
て実施した通常成形での結果である。FIG. 8 shows the limit wrinkle holding force at which breakage or wrinkling begins to occur when a circular plate material is molded by changing the wrinkle holding force in various ways by performing a cylindrical drawing test with the combination shown in FIGS. The figures show the case where the high-pressure liquid is discharged from the liquid discharge ports 11 or 12, the case where the high-pressure liquid is discharged from the liquid discharge ports 13 and 14, and the case where the high-pressure liquid is discharged from the liquid discharge ports 13 and 15, respectively. The left end in the figure is the result of normal molding performed as a comparative example.
【0026】ここで液圧を高くする程、破断する限界の
しわ押え力を高くすることができ、破断回避能力が優
れ、成形可能なしわ押え圧力の範囲も広がる。さらにダ
イ側のみから液圧を付加した場合(液吐出口11または
12)よりも、ダイ及びしわ押え板の両方から液圧を付
加した場合(液吐出口13と14)と、液吐出口の平面
位置をダイとしわ押え板で重ね合わせない場合(液吐出
口13と15)の方が、大きな向上が図られているのが
わかる。Here, as the hydraulic pressure is increased, the wrinkle holding force at the breaking limit can be increased, the breaking prevention ability is excellent, and the range of the wrinkle holding pressure that can be formed is widened. Further, the case where the liquid pressure is applied from both the die and the wrinkle holding plate (the liquid discharge ports 13 and 14) and the case where the liquid pressure is applied only from the die side (the liquid discharge ports 11 or 12) It can be seen that a significant improvement is achieved in the case where the plane position is not the die and the wrinkle holding plate does not overlap (the liquid discharge ports 13 and 15).
【0027】また、液吐出口の平面位置をダイとしわ押
え板で重ね合わせない場合(液吐出口13と15)の方
が、他の場合に比べて液圧を高くする程、しわ抑制に必
要な限界しわ押え力を低くすることができ、耐しわ性が
優れている。従って、破断回避能力、耐しわ性両方とも
に、液吐出口の平面位置をダイとしわ押え板で重ね合わ
せない場合(液吐出口13と15)が最も良い。Also, in the case where the plane position of the liquid discharge port is not overlapped by the die and the wrinkle holding plate (liquid discharge ports 13 and 15), the higher the liquid pressure is, the more the wrinkles are suppressed. The required limit wrinkle holding force can be reduced, and the wrinkle resistance is excellent. Therefore, both the breaking avoidance ability and the wrinkle resistance are best when the liquid discharge ports are not overlapped by the die and the wrinkle holding plate (the liquid discharge ports 13 and 15).
【0028】例えば図8において、通常成形ではしわ押
え力が50kN以上80kN以下の範囲でしわも破断も
発生しないが、液吐出口13と15から高圧液を吐出し
た場合には、液圧3MPaではしわ押え力20kN以上
110kN以下の範囲に広がり、さらに液圧30MPa
ではしわ押え力20kN以上220kN以下の範囲に拡
大される。この様に本発明の加工方法を適用すると、比
較例の通常成形に比べて著しくしわおよび破断限界が向
上していることがわかる。For example, in FIG. 8 , wrinkles and breakage do not occur in the range of 50 kN or more and 80 kN or less in the normal molding, but when the high pressure liquid is discharged from the liquid discharge ports 13 and 15, the liquid pressure is 3 MPa. Wrinkle holding force spreads in the range of 20 kN or more and 110 kN or less, and further has a liquid pressure of 30 MPa.
Then, the wrinkle holding force is expanded to a range of 20 kN or more and 220 kN or less. Thus, when the processing method of the present invention is applied, it can be seen that wrinkles and breaking limits are significantly improved as compared with the normal molding of the comparative example.
【0029】図7は、図1および図6に示す組み合わせ
で円筒絞り試験を行い、円形板材をしわ押え力を種々変
化させて成形した時の破断あるいはしわが発生しはじめ
る限界しわ押え力を、ダイ側のみから液圧を付加した場
合(液吐出口13)、しわ押え板側のみから液圧を付加
した場合(液吐出口14または15)、ダイ及びしわ押
えの両方からで液吐出口の平面位置をダイとしわ押え板
で重ね合わせない場合(液吐出口13と15)の各々に
ついて示している。FIG. 7 shows the limit wrinkle holding force at which breakage or wrinkling begins to occur when a circular plate is formed with various changes in wrinkle holding force by performing a cylindrical drawing test using the combinations shown in FIGS. When the liquid pressure is applied only from the die side (liquid discharge port 13), when the liquid pressure is applied only from the wrinkle holding plate side (liquid discharge port 14 or 15), the liquid discharge port is applied from both the die and the wrinkle presser. The case where the plane position is not overlapped with the die and the wrinkle holding plate (the liquid discharge ports 13 and 15) is shown.
【0030】図7から、しわ押え板側のみから液圧を付
加した場合(液吐出口14または15)のみでも比較例
の通常成形よりは顕著な効果が認められ、ダイ側のみか
ら液圧を付加した場合(液吐出口13)にはさらに大き
な効果が得られ、ダイ及びしわ押えの両方からで液吐出
口の平面位置をダイとしわ押え板で重ね合わせない場合
(液吐出口13と15)には一段と大きな効果の得られ
ることがわかる。FIG. 7 shows that even when the hydraulic pressure is applied only from the wrinkle holding plate side (liquid discharge port 14 or 15), a remarkable effect is recognized as compared with the normal molding of the comparative example, and the hydraulic pressure is applied only from the die side. In the case where the liquid discharge port 13 is added (the liquid discharge port 13), a greater effect is obtained. When the plane position of the liquid discharge port is not overlapped with the die and the wrinkle holding plate from both the die and the wrinkle holder (the liquid discharge ports 13 and 15). ) Indicates that a greater effect can be obtained.
【0031】図9は同じ円筒絞り試験において、付加液
圧9.8MPaの場合に、図1に示す円筒絞り加工装置
において本発明を適用した場合と、図5に示す従来の通
常の円筒絞り加工装置で成形を行った場合と、ダイを密
閉型にした対向液圧絞り成形を行った場合での、しわ押
え力と限界絞り比との関係を示している。FIG. 9 shows the same cylindrical drawing test in which the present invention is applied to the cylindrical drawing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 when the additional hydraulic pressure is 9.8 MPa, and the conventional ordinary cylindrical drawing shown in FIG. It shows the relationship between the wrinkle holding force and the limit drawing ratio in the case where the forming is performed by the apparatus and in the case where the opposing hydraulic drawing is performed in which the die is a closed mold.
【0032】図9において、例えば絞り比2.0のとき
における、しわも破断も発生しないしわ押え力の範囲
は、通常成形ではなく、対向液圧成形においても55k
N以上80kN以下の範囲なのに対し、本発明法では3
0kN以上165kN以下の範囲に拡大される。この様
に本発明法によれば、比較例1の通常成形に比べて、し
わ発生限界および破断限界ともに大きく向上し、比較例
2の対向液圧絞り法に比較しても極めて優れていること
がわかる。In FIG. 9, for example, when the drawing ratio is 2.0, the range of the wrinkle pressing force at which neither wrinkles nor breakage occurs is 55 k in the opposing hydraulic forming, not in the normal forming.
In the range from N to 80 kN, the method of the present invention
The range is expanded from 0 kN to 165 kN. As described above, according to the method of the present invention, both the wrinkle generation limit and the breaking limit are greatly improved as compared with the normal molding of Comparative Example 1, and are extremely superior to the opposed hydraulic drawing method of Comparative Example 2. I understand.
【0033】図10は、図2に示す絞り加工装置および
図4に示す金型の組み合わせで、正四角形板材をしわ押
え力を種々変化させて本発明法によって角筒絞り成形し
た場合と、図5に示す従来の通常の絞り加工装置で角筒
絞り成形を行った場合での、コーナー部に発生するしわ
および破断、直辺部絞り壁に発生するベコおよびコーナ
ー部の絞り壁に発生する加工疵の状況を示す。比較例の
通常成形の場合には低いしわ押え力条件ではしわ又は絞
り壁のベコが発生し、またこれらを回避するためにしわ
押え力を高めると破断が発生するとともにコーナー部絞
り壁に絞り加工疵が発生しているのがわかる。これらは
いずれも製品不良となる。すなわち、通常の成形法では
これら全ての不具合を同時に回避した製品を得る加工条
件がない。[0033] FIG. 10 is a combination of the mold shown in drawing devices, and 4 shown in FIG. 2, a square sheet the blank-holding force square tube drawing and the present invention method while varying
And if the angular tube in a conventional ordinary grain Ri processing apparatus shown in FIG. 5
The drawing shows the situation of wrinkles and breaks generated at the corners, the projections generated at the drawn wall at the right side, and the processing flaws generated at the drawn wall at the corners when drawing is performed. In the case of the normal molding of the comparative example, wrinkles or bumps of the drawn wall are generated under low wrinkle holding force conditions, and breakage occurs when the wrinkle holding force is increased to avoid these, and drawing is performed on the corner part drawn wall. It can be seen that flaws have occurred. All of these result in product defects. That is, there is no processing condition for obtaining a product which avoids all these problems at the same time in the ordinary molding method.
【0034】一方、本発明方法を適用した場合にはしわ
押え力を40kN以上180kN以下に設定することに
よりしわ、破断および直辺部絞り壁のベコさらにはコー
ナー部絞り壁の加工疵のいずれも発生しない良好な製品
の絞り加工が可能となる。これはベコを抑制するために
直辺部の潤滑はそのまま維持した状態で、加圧液をコー
ナー部のみに選択的に付加することにより、しわ、破断
および加工疵の発生が回避されたためである。On the other hand, when the method of the present invention is applied, by setting the wrinkle holding force to be 40 kN or more and 180 kN or less, any of wrinkles, breaks, bulges of the right-side narrowed wall, and processing flaws of the corner narrowed wall can be obtained. Good drawing of a good product that does not occur can be performed. This is because wrinkles, breakage and processing flaws were avoided by selectively applying the pressurized liquid only to the corners while maintaining the lubrication of the right side portion as it is in order to suppress beveling. .
【0035】さらに、本発明法によれば被加工材とダイ
あるいはしわ押え板の間に常に高圧の液体が介在するた
めに、ここに挙げたような表面処理鋼板やプレコート
材、アルミ合金材、鉛などの絞り加工によって製品表面
に擦り傷を発生し易い材料に適用した場合には、その傷
発生を著しく低減することができる。Further, according to the method of the present invention, since a high-pressure liquid is always interposed between the workpiece and the die or the wrinkle holding plate, the surface-treated steel sheet, the pre-coated material, the aluminum alloy material, the lead, etc. When applied to a material which is liable to cause abrasion on the product surface by the drawing process, the generation of the abrasion can be significantly reduced.
【0036】本発明法の生産性と所要プレス機能力を比
較するために、図1に示す円筒絞り加工装置において本
発明を適用した場合と、図5に示す従来の通常の円筒絞
り加工装置で成形を行った場合と、ダイを密閉型にした
対向液圧絞り成形を行った場合の加工時間と加工に要す
る成形力の調査をした。その結果、通常成形における1
個当たりの平均加工時間および成形力をそれぞれ1とし
た時、本発明法の平均加工時間は約1.05であり、ま
た成形力は約0.97であった。In order to compare the productivity of the method of the present invention and the required press function, the present invention is applied to the cylindrical drawing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and the conventional ordinary cylindrical drawing apparatus shown in FIG. The working time and the forming force required for working were investigated for the case where the forming was performed and the case where the opposed hydraulic drawing was performed with the die being a closed mold. As a result, 1
Assuming that the average processing time per unit and the forming force were respectively 1, the average processing time of the method of the present invention was about 1.05, and the forming force was about 0.97.
【0037】一方、対向液圧成形においては平均加工時
間は約3.50であり、また成形力は約2.2であっ
た。本発明法は対向液圧絞り成形に比べて加工時間およ
び加工に要する成形力ともに大幅に向上し、通常成形と
ほとんど変わりないことが明らかである。すなわち、本
発明法は何ら特別な機能を持たない汎用プレス機でも適
用可能であり、その生産性を損なうことはない。On the other hand, in the counter hydraulic forming, the average processing time was about 3.50, and the forming force was about 2.2. It is clear that the method of the present invention greatly improves both the processing time and the forming force required for the processing as compared with the counter-hydraulic drawing, and is almost the same as the normal forming. That is, the method of the present invention can be applied to a general-purpose press having no special function, and does not impair the productivity.
【0038】また本発明法では、成形前の板材への塗油
工程が省略でき、さらに使用する液の選択によっては成
形後の脱脂工程までも省略でき、生産効率および作業性
を従来の場合よりも大幅に改善できる。In the method of the present invention, the step of oiling the plate material before forming can be omitted, and the degreasing step after forming can be omitted depending on the selection of the liquid to be used. Can also be greatly improved.
【0039】[0039]
【発明の効果】以上述べたごとく本発明法によれば、汎
用的なプレス機を用い、生産効率を阻害することなく、
しわと破断を同時に回避でき、かつ必要な部位のみの摩
擦力を選択的に低減でき、板材の絞り加工性を飛躍的に
向上することが可能である。As described above, according to the method of the present invention, a general-purpose press is used without impairing production efficiency.
Wrinkles and breaks can be avoided at the same time, and the frictional force at only the necessary portions can be selectively reduced, so that the drawing workability of the plate material can be significantly improved.
【図1】本発明方法によりダブルアクションプレス機を
使用して絞り加工を行う場合の絞り加工直前の状態の一
例を示す断面図。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state immediately before drawing when drawing is performed using a double action press according to the method of the present invention.
【図2】本発明方法によりシングルアクションプレス機
を絞り加工を行う場合の絞り加工直前の状態の一例を示
す断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state immediately before drawing when a single action press machine is drawn by the method of the present invention.
【図3】本発明方法により円筒成形を行う場合のダイま
たはしわ押え板の平面図の一例。FIG. 3 is an example of a plan view of a die or a wrinkle holding plate when performing cylindrical molding by the method of the present invention.
【図4】本発明方法により角筒成形を行う場合のダイま
たはしわ押え板の平面図の一例。FIG. 4 is an example of a plan view of a die or a wrinkle holding plate when a square tube is formed by the method of the present invention.
【図5】従来の通常の絞り加工方法を行う場合の絞り加
工直前の状態の一例を示す断面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state immediately before drawing when a conventional ordinary drawing method is performed.
【図6】液吐出口及びそれにともなう液溝を多数設けた
場合の、ダイとしわ押え板で被加工材を挟持した状態を
示す図。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which a workpiece is sandwiched between a die and a wrinkle holding plate when a large number of liquid outlets and associated liquid grooves are provided.
【図7】本発明方法および通常成形による円筒絞り試験
結果。FIG. 7 shows the results of a cylindrical drawing test using the method of the present invention and normal molding.
【図8】本発明方法および通常成形による円筒絞り試験
結果。FIG. 8 shows the results of a cylindrical drawing test using the method of the present invention and normal molding.
【図9】本発明方法、対向液圧絞り法および通常成形に
よる円筒絞り試験結果。FIG. 9 shows the results of a cylindrical drawing test using the method of the present invention, the counter-hydraulic drawing method, and normal molding.
【図10】本発明方法および通常成形による角筒絞り試
験結果。FIG. 10 shows the results of a square tube drawing test by the method of the present invention and normal molding.
1 パンチ 2 ダイ 3 しわ押え板 4 被加工材 6 液供給穴 7 液供給装置 8 液供給配管 9 液吐出口 10 液供給溝 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Punch 2 Die 3 Wrinkle holding plate 4 Workpiece 6 Liquid supply hole 7 Liquid supply device 8 Liquid supply pipe 9 Liquid discharge port 10 Liquid supply groove
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) B21D 22/20 B21D 22/22 B21D 24/00 B21D 24/04Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) B21D 22/20 B21D 22/22 B21D 24/00 B21D 24/04
Claims (3)
はしわ押え板あるいはその両方の金型の一部または全周
に液吐出口を設け、該液吐出口を設けた金型に対向する
他方の金型における該液吐出口に対向する部分を平坦面
とし、該液吐出口から、ダイとしわ押え板とによって挟
持された被加工材に圧力を持った液体を付加しながら絞
り加工を行うことを特徴とする板材の絞り加工方法。1. A time of drawing forming a plate material, the liquid discharge port provided on part or the entire circumference of the die or the blank-holding plate or die both facing the mold provided with a liquid discharge port
The part facing the liquid discharge port in the other mold is a flat surface
A drawing method for a plate material, wherein drawing is performed while adding a liquid having pressure to the work material held between the die and the wrinkle holding plate from the liquid discharge port .
ダイまたはしわ押え板あるいはその両方の金型の一部ま
たは全周に液吐出口を設け、該液吐出口を設けた金型に
対向する他方の金型における該液吐出口に対向する部分
を平坦面とし、ダイとしわ押え板とによって挟持された
被加工材に圧力を持った液体を付加する手段を設けたこ
とを特徴とする板材の絞り加工装置。2. An apparatus for drawing and forming a sheet material,
The liquid discharge port provided on part or the entire circumference of the die or the blank-holding plate or die both, into a mold having a liquid discharge port
A portion of the other mold opposite to the liquid discharge port
A flat surface, and a means for applying a liquid with pressure to the work material held between the die and the wrinkle retainer plate.
液供給溝を設けたことを特徴とする板材の絞り加工装
置。3. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a liquid supply groove connected to the liquid discharge port.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5293150A JP2853536B2 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | Sheet material drawing method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5293150A JP2853536B2 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | Sheet material drawing method and apparatus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07144234A JPH07144234A (en) | 1995-06-06 |
JP2853536B2 true JP2853536B2 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
Family
ID=17791070
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JP5293150A Expired - Fee Related JP2853536B2 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | Sheet material drawing method and apparatus |
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JP2006122938A (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2006-05-18 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Press forming die |
JP6970332B1 (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2021-11-24 | 株式会社The MOT Company | Wrinkle removal plate used in press processing machines |
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JPS58148027A (en) * | 1982-02-27 | 1983-09-03 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Drawing device |
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1993
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