JP2849631B2 - Method for treating or preventing pine wilt caused by pine wood nematode - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for treating or preventing pine wilt caused by pine wood nematodes.
In particular, the present invention relates to a novel method of applying coal tar to the exposed cuticle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The damage of pine wilt caused by pine wood nematodes transmitted by pine wood beetles is enormous, and has caused great damage to forestry in Japan. It was after the war that pine wilt by pine wood nematodes was recognized, but the cause became apparent in the late 1960s. Since then, research on the control method of pine wood nematodes has been conducted by the public and private sectors.

By the way, pine wood nematodes (hereinafter also referred to as nematodes) are transmitted by pine wood beetles (hereinafter referred to as "mantis"). From the spring to early summer, the horned beetle bites the shoots of the pine, and nematodes enter from the bite and spread through the resin path into the tree. In the summer, the generations change in a few days and grow violently, and stop growing in the fall. Pine wilt progresses by this growth,
Various changes are seen in the tree before the nematodes grow and spread in the tree. Therefore, it is said that some chemicals emitted by nematodes may cause pine wilt.

[0004] Due to the nematode invasion, the old leaf at the tip of the branch first shows discoloration or withering, and then the new leaf shows discoloration or withering. The characteristic of nematode disease is that the needles turn bright reddish-brown in a short period of time, and at the same time, the wood starts to dry, and the leaves gradually fade and fall. In a warm region, pine wilt progresses rapidly through such a course within the year, and many die within the year.
However, when the resistance of the pine is high, or in highlands or cold regions, the pine wilt sometimes passes over winter with some branches remaining.

Conventionally, various attempts have been made to prevent pine mortality due to the pine wood nematode. Most of these are the control of nematode-borne pine wood beetles, airborne spraying of pesticides is the most popular. Although this is effective as such, it has various problems such as destruction of ecosystems. Therefore, chemicals having an unpleasant smell of beetles are sprayed on the trees or the entire trees are covered with nets or the like. However, garden trees and pots are sufficient, but large trees are troublesome. Applying it to each Yamano pine tree is out of the question. In addition, dead trees (with pine wood beetle eggs)
Logging and incineration take a lot of effort

[0006] On the other hand, the most common prevention of pine wood nematodes is injection of a drug into the trunk. However, this method has problems such as heat generation at the time of perforation and damage to the tree (partial withering of branches) and high cost. In addition, some drugs, such as fertilizers, are applied to the root and absorbed, but are not immediately effective. Moreover, it is unfortunate that it is impossible to determine whether or not the worm has been affected unless the branch begins to wither. That is, from the branch near the bite of the razor, the tree begins to wither (the type of withering can be easily distinguished from normal withering), but until then, diagnosis based on the appearance is impossible.

[0007]

As described above, the conventional methods have problems such as destruction of the ecosystem, enormous labor, damage to trees, and ineffectiveness. Therefore, as a result of diligent research, the present inventor has developed a method for controlling pine wood nematodes which is easy to perform, does not damage trees, and has an excellent preventive effect.

[0008]

According to the method for controlling pine wood nematodes of the present invention, the pine bark is partially peeled to expose the cuticle, and a part of the cuticle is also removed. The most characteristic feature is to apply a. That is, the root of the pine tree or the bark of the trunk or root is partially or entirely peeled off to a height of about 5 to 20 cm to expose the cuticle, and the coal tar is directly diluted with the solvent or diluted with a solvent. Waterproof and oilproof materials are stuck thereon, and further covered with a protective material such as a straw, a recommendation, a rag cloth, and fastened with a string, tape, net or the like. As the waterproof / oilproof material, a plastic film such as vinyl which is easily available is usually used, but raw paper or oil paper may be used. In short, what is necessary is just to prevent the drying and leakage of the coal tar and to make the pine easy to absorb its active ingredient. In addition, the protective material also serves as a heat insulator. The larger the exposed area, the larger the amount of coal tar applied. However, if the area is too large, there is a problem in aesthetics and the tree is damaged. Therefore, the height is preferably about 10 cm. In addition, partial nakedness may be used. Furthermore, when a part of the cuticle is also removed, the absorption of the coal tar component is performed better.

The construction is most preferably carried out in winter (January to March), when the activity of trees is reduced. First, using a knife such as a sickle or a hatchet, the skin is peeled into a band or a partial band of about 5 to 20 cm. At this time, the cuticle is not damaged as much as possible. The place where the bark is peeled is the root or trunk of the tree (the closer to the root, the less noticeable). In the case of a garden tree or the like where the peeling band is not noticeable, it may be applied to the root portion or to cover the peeled root portion with soil.

Next, a part of the exposed (exposed) cuticle portion is removed. This is to further improve the absorption and absorption of the coal tar component. Removal of cuticle is 1 ~
Perform in the vertical direction with a width of about 5 cm. This removal is performed in one to several places,
Preferably, it is performed at 2 to 5 places. Alternatively, when the rough skin is removed, a part of the cuticle may be eventually removed by adjusting the blade, and the removal of the cuticle includes such a case.

[0011] Coal tar is a viscous bituminous substance obtained by carbonizing coal, and is a mixture of several hundred kinds of compounds such as neutral components, oxygen-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds. It is an extremely important substance, such as removing water and light oil components from the crude tar to produce processed tar such as refined tar and pavement tar, or separating various oils and chemicals by distillation. In the present invention, these coarse tars and processed tars are used as they are. However, since the viscosity increases in winter, it is preferable to dilute with kerosene or another solvent until it has an appropriate viscosity (which can be freely applied and does not drip). The coating is applied to the bare part with a brush or the like to a thickness of about 0.2 to 5 mm.

[0012] After coating the coal tar, a vinyl or other plastic film is stuck, and furthermore, a cloth, a recommendation, a rag cloth, etc. is applied thereon for heat insulation and protection.
Fasten with a string, tape, net, etc. Preventive effect is 2
3 years. Some therapeutic effects are also observed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, as shown in FIG. 1, a strip-shaped bare part 3 is provided on a root part 1 of a pine tree with a width of about 15 cm from which a bark 2 has been peeled off. Since it is very difficult to completely remove the rough skin 2, it may be a partial band shape with a part of the rough skin remaining. As shown in FIG. 2, the strip-shaped bare portion 3 has cuticle removing portions 5 in which the cuticles 4 are vertically removed with a width of about 3 cm (see FIG. 2).
Location) Most of them were provided, but about 20% of the cuticles were intact. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a coal tar 6 diluted with light oil is applied to the strip-shaped exposed portion 3 with a brush to a thickness of about 1 mm, a vinyl film 7 is stuck thereon, and a straw 8 is further coated thereon. , With a string 9.

The inventor of the present invention has applied the above treatment to most of the pine trees growing on the site of the company's factory. This factory was built by leveling a corner of a pine forest facing the Sea of Japan. Pine trees of about 20 to 50 years in age and about 20 to 40 cm in trunk thickness are located on the site and on the adjacent coast. Many are growing. At the expense of pine wood nematodes in the last few to several decades, pine forests and pine trees on the premises have declined considerably and have continued to die.

The experiment was carried out in such a situation in 1991.
I went in March. About 130 pine trees were processed,
Most of the processing locations are at the base, but about 30 of the locations where processing is difficult are applied to the trunk. In addition, at about 20 prominent portions, the soil at the base was dug and processed, and then covered with soil.

[0016] As a result, the pine on the premises was 5
The book stayed dead. Two of them have not been processed spatially. After all, only about three of the 130 trees have died (one of the cuticles has died). Therefore, the mortality after the treatment was about 2% or less. These pine trees may have been affected by nematodes before treatment. From the beginning, there were pine trees in which only some of the branches turned red, but most of them remained unchanged.

On the other hand, on the shore adjacent to the factory,
About 500 pine trees were left in early 1991, but two and a half years later, about 50 to 60 trees died. The mortality during this period was about 10%.

The excellent control effect was observed because the components in coal tar were absorbed into the tree (particularly the conduit) from the surface of the cuticle and from the cuticle removal part, and the pine wood nematode in the conduit was removed. Probably because they killed insects. The effect lasts for about 2 to 3 years. Therefore, if this operation is repeated once every several years, it can be said that the control effect is permanently maintained.

[0019]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the bark of the root of a pine tree or the like is peeled off into a strip having a height of about 5 to 20 cm to expose the cuticle, and more effectively the cuticle is exposed. Remove a part, apply coal tar to the exposed part, paste waterproof and oilproof material such as plastic film,
Furthermore, it is cured with a protective material such as a straw, a recommendation, and a rag.

Therefore, no special technique or chemical is required, and anyone can easily apply a method for controlling pine wood nematodes to a large amount of pine trees, and exhibit an excellent control effect.
Moreover, it is extremely excellent without damaging the tree or making it unsightly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a root portion of a pine provided with a strip-shaped exposed portion.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which coal tar or the like is applied to a strip-shaped exposed portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base part of pine tree 6 Coal tar 2 Rough skin 7 Vinyl film 3 Stripe bare part 8 Straw 4 Cuticle 9 String 5 Cuticle removal part

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. The root of a pine tree, or the bark of the trunk or root part is peeled off partially or entirely to a height of about 5 to 20 cm to expose the cuticle, and the coal tar is directly exposed to the bare part or the solvent is removed. And then apply a waterproof and oil-proof material such as a plastic film, cover it with a protective material such as a straw, a recommendation, a rag, and fasten it with a string, tape, net, etc. A method for treating or preventing pine wilt caused by pine wood nematodes. 2. Coal tar is applied to the exposed portion as it is or after dilution with a solvent in a state in which a portion of the exposed cuticle is removed in a lengthwise direction at one to several places of about 1 to 5 cm in width. A method for treating or preventing pine wilt caused by the pine wood nematode according to 1.