JP2844417B2 - Wind instruments having means for electronically processing acoustic signals - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal in which a musical tone generated in the wind instrument is controlled by an electronic delay line.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known an electronic musical instrument which simulates a musical tone generated in a natural musical instrument such as a wind instrument by an electronic delay line as an apparatus for generating a musical tone. Various developments of such electronic musical instruments have been proposed. Among these electronic musical instruments, an electronic wind instrument converts a pressure change such as human expiration into an electric signal, and supplies the electric signal to an electronic delay line. The electronic delay line is constituted by, for example, a non-linear circuit which roughly approximates a non-linear characteristic generated in the lead. The electronic delay line delays an electric signal through the electronic delay line for a predetermined time, and the delayed electric signal. The signal is amplified and supplied to a speaker for conversion into sound.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional electronic wind instrument, the performer merely gives an input on an initial condition and unilaterally, and cannot obtain feedback from the instrument. Was. Therefore, the conventional electronic wind instrument cannot obtain an integrated feeling between the player and the musical instrument like a natural musical instrument, and can merely control the input.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal capable of obtaining a sense of unity with a musical instrument at the same level as a natural musical instrument. The purpose is to:

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a wind instrument having a means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to the present invention comprises a mouthpiece portion including a lead such as a flute, clarinet or oboe, or The mouthpiece part of the brass instrument is left as a normal instrument, and the sound signal and the electric signal are converted by sensors and actuators, and only the sound pipe (straight pipe), which is a linear system, is replaced with electronic means. ing.

That is, in the wind instrument of the present invention having a means for electronically processing an acoustic signal, a sensor is installed at a predetermined position on a tube wall near the mouthpiece of a straight pipe to which a mouthpiece is connected. The output is input to a first electronic delay line, the output of the first electronic delay line is inverted in a load circuit and input to a second electronic delay line, and the output of the second electronic delay line is The output is supplied to a first actuator that provides an acoustic output to the predetermined position, and the output of the load circuit is amplified and supplied to a speaker to obtain a musical sound output.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The output of the sensor is A / D converted and input as a digital signal to the first electronic delay line, and the output of the second electronic delay line is D / A converted and converted as an analog signal to the first actuator. They are being supplied.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The acoustic impedance of the thin tube connecting the first actuator and the straight tube is sufficiently larger than the characteristic acoustic impedance of the straight tube.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The input of the first electronic delay line is obtained by subtracting a signal proportional to a signal supplied to the first actuator from an output of the sensor.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The end of the straight pipe in the direction opposite to the mouthpiece is an acoustically non-reflective end.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The acoustically non-reflective end is constituted by a pipe having a length sufficient to be regarded as an approximately infinite length pipe.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The acoustically non-reflective end is constituted by active means.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The active means is connected through a capillary to an end of the straight tube in a direction opposite to the mouthpiece, and converts the output of a third electronic delay line supplied with the output of the sensor into an acoustic signal. Actuator.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
A binary code is generated according to a set position of a mechanical pipe length control device such as a valve system, a slide tube, and a key mechanism, and the first and second electronic delay lines are generated according to the binary code. It is configured to change the delay time.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The delay time is finely adjusted in accordance with the value of a variable resistor linked to a set position of a mechanical length control device such as a trigger device or a slide tube.

[0016]

The wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to the present invention comprises the above technical means, so that sound waves traveling from the mouthpiece side are converted into electric signals by a sensor.
An electronic delay line delays it by the time corresponding to the length of the straight pipe, converts it back to an acoustic signal with an actuator, and returns it back to the pipe, thereby providing a mechanism for controlling the effective pipe length of the wind instrument. By means of
Moreover, feedback from musical instruments can be obtained.

In the wind instrument of the present invention having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal, the mouthpiece portion is not changed, and only the straight pipe portion of the wind instrument is replaced by electronic means. It becomes possible to do.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to the present embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a reed instrument such as a clarinet. It should be noted that other woodwind instruments such as flutes (instruments whose other end is almost a straight pipe) can be configured similarly to the present embodiment.

[0020] In FIG. 1, a portion from a point A ₁ of a wind instrument having a means for processing the audio signals electronically over the point A ₂ is a mouthpiece portion read is locked (A ₁ to A ₂
Part) 1. The portion from the point A ₂ toward point B is straight portion (A ₂ .about.B portion) 2 of the same tube diameter, the straight pipe portion 2, from point A ₂ of the over the point A of the length L ₁ Part (A ₂ -A part) and length L from point A to point B
_It consists of _two parts (A and B parts). Of the length L ₁ is the length applied to acoustically tube length, but the length L
The portion ₂ is provided for forming an acoustic non-reflection end at the point B.

The driving ends of the sensor 10 and the first actuator 18 are provided on the cross section at the position of the point A. The sensor 10 is used for detecting pressure (or particle velocity) in a pipe. In this embodiment, the sensor 10 is embedded in the pipe wall so as not to hinder the vibration of the air column. The first actuator 18 drives a tube column through a high impedance tubule T ₁ having an acoustic impedance Z _s .

Reference numerals 13 and 15 denote first and second electronic delay lines, respectively, and their delay times (delay amounts)
Can be freely changed according to the note (pitch) as described later.

Next, the state of propagation of sound waves inside a wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to the present embodiment will be described.

The pressure blown by the player from the point A _1, which is the entrance of the mouthpiece 1, moves the reed and causes fluctuations in the pressure and the flow rate in the mouthpiece 1. Its variation mouthpiece end, i.e., reaches a point A ₂ is the entry of the straight pipe 2. Note that the waveform of the sound pressure wave at point A ₂ is P
₀ (t) and its Laplace transform form is P ₀ (s).

The sound pressure wave P ₀ (s) propagates through points A ₂ to A and reaches point A. here,

[0026]

(Equation 1)

In particular, since there is a delay of length L _1, a wave of P ₀ (s) ε ^L1 enters point A from the mouthpiece 1 side. Here, c in [Equation 1] represents the speed of sound.
Also, T is a term related to the loss in the pipeline, and assuming that there is approximately no loss, T → ∞, and therefore 1 / T ≒ 0.

The wave incident on the point A proceeds rightward and reaches the point B. In this embodiment, since the acoustic non-reflection end is formed at the point B, the reflected wave returns from the point B. I don't come.
Incidentally, acoustic non-reflection end, as described below, with respect to the sound pressure P _A (s) at point _{A, P S = Z S /} Z A (1-Z A / Z C)
The mechanical system of the second actuator 26 may be driven by P _A (s) ε ^L2 .

The sound wave P ₀ (s) ε ^L1 incident on the point A is applied to the sensor 10 embedded in the inner wall of the tube on the same cross section as the point A.
Is converted into an electric signal. This electric signal is A /
After being converted into a digital signal by the D converter 11, the buffer filter circuit 12 having a transfer function K ₁ (s)
Is input to the input point C ₁ of the first electronic delay line 13.

The delay length of the first electronic delay line 13 is represented by d
Then, the output of the first electronic delay line 13 is K ₁ (s)
P ₀ (s) referred epsilon ^{L1 + d} is output from the output point C ₂ as an electric signal.

The output is supplied to an input point C ₃ of a second electronic delay line 15 through a digital filter circuit 14 having an impedance R (s) corresponding to the radiation impedance at the open end of the wind instrument. Usually clarinet,
Since the tip of a woodwind instrument such as a flute can be approximated by an open end, the reflection coefficient with respect to sound pressure is m _H (s) ≒ -1, so that the digital filter circuit 14 is simply a phase inversion circuit. Therefore, the pressure wave is −K ₁ (s) P ₀ (s) ε
It becomes ^{L1 + d} is applied to the input point C ₃ of the second electronic delay line 15. This signal is delayed by a delay length d equivalent to that of the first electronic delay line 13, and −K ₁ (s) P ₀ (s) ε ^{L1 + 2d}
It is output to the output point C ₄ becomes.

This signal passes through a buffer filter circuit 16 having a transfer function K ₂ (s), and then a D / A converter 17
Is converted into an analog signal, and the driving voltage −K ₁ (s) K ₂ (s) P ₀ (s) ε is applied to the voltage terminal of the first actuator 18.
Given as ^{L1 + 2d} .

Next, a wave generated at the point A in the straight pipe 2 by the first actuator 18 and propagating to the left and right of the point A will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the application of this drive voltage causes the first actuator 1
The force acting on the diaphragm 18a of 8 and P _s in sound pressure terms.

FIG. 2A shows the first actuator 18.
Output is a diagram showing a state to be supplied to the straight pipe 2 wind instruments through a fine impedance tube T ₁ having an acoustic impedance Z _s of. FIG. 2B is an equivalent circuit for a traveling wave when the characteristic acoustic impedance function of the straight pipe portion 2 of the wind instrument is Z _c (s), and FIG. 2C further simplifies this. This is an equivalent circuit.

[0035] From the equivalent circuit of FIG. 2 (c), the point A V _s
= P _s / (Z _s + Z _c / 2), it can be seen that the sound pressure is P _s ′ = [P _s / (Z _s
+ _Zc / 2)]. _Zc / 2. However, impedance tube T as compared to the straight pipe 2 characteristic acoustic impedance Z _c
Large enough ₁ of the acoustic impedance Z _s (Z _s »
Z _c ), P _s ′ = 1/2 · (Z _c / Z _s ) ·
P _s . Here, P _s is the first actuator 18
Since the proportional to the drive voltage, when the proportional constant and _{α, P s' = -1 /} 2 · (Z c / Z s) · α · K 1 (s) K
A sound pressure of ₂ (s) P ₀ (s) ε ^{L1 + 2d} is generated at the point A. Therefore, the transfer functions K ₁ (s) and K ₂ (s) of the buffer filter circuits 12 and 16 are K ₁ (s) K ₂ (s) = (2 / α)
By adjusting so as to satisfy the relational expression of (Z _s / Z _c ), the sound pressure wave of −P ₀ (s) ε ^{L1 + 2d} was reflected at the point A from the opening end B and returned. Become equivalent.

This sound pressure wave propagates in the directions of points A ₂ and B. In this embodiment, since the acoustic non-reflection end is formed at the point B as described above, the wave traveling in the direction of the point B does not return to the point A again. On the other hand, if the sensor 10 detects this wave and activates the route for driving the first electronic delay line 13 again, it will be different from the actual physical system. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the subtracter 1
9 is provided so that the signal returned to the first actuator 18 is subtracted from the signal detected by the sensor 10.

The wave propagating in the direction from the point A to the point A ₂ is a point A which is a joint between the mouthpiece 1 and the straight pipe 2.
It is reflected at ₂ and returns to point A again. If the acoustic impedance function of the point A ₂ to A moiety and Z _m (s), the reflection coefficient at the point _{A 2 m M (s) =} (Z m -Z c) / (Z m +
Z _c ). Therefore, considering the delay due to the path, the sound pressure wave of −m _M (s) P ₀ (s) ε ^{3L1 + 2d} returns to the point A from the mouthpiece side.

As described above, in the wind instrument, the propagation and reflection of the wave are repeated successively.
The sound pressure wave propagating from the mouthpiece side to P ₁ (s)
= P ₀ (s) ε ^{L1 _{[1-m M ε 2 (L1}} + d) + m 2 M ε 4 (L1 + d)
−...]. Conversely, the sound wave that propagates to the point A from the other end or the bosh tube side is P ₂ (s) = − P
₀ (s) ε ^L1 ε ^2d [1-m _M ε ^{2 (L1 + d)} + m ² _M ε ^{4 (L1 + d)}
−...].

Here, assuming that L, which is the effective straight pipe portion length (total straight pipe length) of an actual musical instrument, is L = L ₁ + d, the sound pressure at point A is given by the following [Equation 2]. expressed.

[0040]

(Equation 2)

[Equation 2] is an expression representing the Laplace transform form of the sound pressure at one point A from the mouthpiece portion 1 to the point A of the straight pipe portion having the length L of the tip as shown in FIG. The length d portion of the entire straight pipe length L is replaced with the electronic delay line as described above. Therefore, by electronically controlling the delay time in the first and second electronic delay lines 13 and 15 as will be described later, the performance input portion composed of the reed-mouthpiece non-linear vibration system is the same as that of a natural musical instrument. Thus, a wind instrument having a means for electronically processing an acoustic signal can be configured. The acoustic signal is output by converting the output of the digital filter circuit 14 into an analog signal by the D / A converter 20, amplifying it to a predetermined level by the amplifier circuit 21, and driving the speaker 22 with this signal. .

Next, the acoustically non-reflective end located at the point B in this embodiment will be described. If a pipe having the same diameter as the straight pipe and an infinite length is installed at the point B, the sound wave is not reflected and returned, so that the point B can be an acoustic non-reflection end. However, in practice, even if the length of the pipe is not infinite, if the pipe is sufficiently long to be regarded as an approximately infinite length pipe or if an appropriate absorber is used at point B, the necessary frequency band Reflection can be kept low. In addition,
If a sufficiently long pipe is used, it can be kept in a relatively small space by spiraling it.

On the other hand, the point B
It is also possible to make an acoustically non-reflective end. Hereinafter, this will be described.

The sound pressure P _A (s) at the point A is given by [Equation 2]. The sound pressure P (s, x) and the volume velocity at a point at a distance x from the point A to the point B are obtained. V _S (s, x) is expressed as follows, where a and b are the amplitudes of the traveling wave and the reflected wave of the sound pressure waveform, respectively.

[0045]

(Equation 3)

[0046]

(Equation 4)

FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a state in which a secondary sound source is supplied from an actuator to a straight pipe through an impedance tube T ₂ having an impedance Z _s with an acoustic driving force P _s , and FIG. () Is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit thereof. Figure 4 (b), the sound pressure P _B and volume velocity V _B at point B, a volume velocity V _S given by the secondary sound source, the acoustic impedance Z _A of the tube end, P _B = P _S + Z _S V
Relationship of _{S = Z A (V B -V} S). Therefore, V
_S = a _{(Z A V B -P S)} / (Z A + Z S), it holds the following [Equation 5].

[0048]

(Equation 5)

Here, in this embodiment, since the actuator is driven via Z _S ≫Z _A , that is, the impedance tube T ₂ having a sufficiently large impedance Z _S , P _B
≒ becomes _{P S · (Z A / Z} S) + V B Z A.

Therefore, when x = 0, P (s, 0) = P _A (s)
, X = L ₂ and P (s, L ₂ ) = P _B = P _S · (Z _A /
From the boundary condition Z _S ) + V _B Z _A , P _A (s) = a +
b, and

[0051]

(Equation 6)

Holds. From these two equations, the amplitude b (s) of the reflected wave is

[0053]

(Equation 7)

From the non-reflection condition b = 0, the following [Equation 8] holds.

[0055]

(Equation 8)

Therefore, if the actuator is driven at P _S in terms of sound pressure [Equation 8], the reflected wave is canceled and disappears, and a non-reflection end is formed at point B. That is, a signal proportional to the sound pressure P _A (s) detected by the sensor 10 installed at the point A is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 11, and H (s) = (Z _S / Z _A ) (1-Z _A /
Digital filter circuit 23 having a transfer function of Z _C )
, A signal delayed by a third electronic delay line 24 having a delay length equivalent to L _{2 is} converted to a D / A converter 25.
When the second actuator 26 is driven by converting the signal into an analog signal, an acoustic non-reflection end is formed at the point B.

On the other hand, when Z _A ≫Z _S , for example, when the end of point B is a closed tube, P _B ≒ (P _S +
The _{V B Z S) Z A /} Z A = P S + V B Z S. Therefore, when x = 0, P (s, 0) = P _A (s), and when x = L ₂ , P (s,
From the boundary condition of L ₂ ) = P _B = P _S + V _B Z _S , P _A (s) = a + b, and

[0058]

(Equation 9)

Holds. From these two equations, the amplitude b (s) of the reflected wave is

[0060]

(Equation 10)

Therefore, the following [Equation 11] is satisfied under the non-reflection condition b (s) = 0.

[0062]

[Equation 11]

Therefore, in terms of sound pressure, P _S of [Equation 11] is obtained.
When the actuator is driven in step (2), the reflected wave is canceled and disappears, and a non-reflection end is formed at point B. That is, point A
Sound pressure P _A (s) detected by the sensor 10 installed at
It converted into a digital signal in the A / D converter 11 a signal proportional to, through a digital filter circuit 23 having a transfer function H (s) = (1- Z S / Z C), equivalently L ₂ becomes delayed Third electronic delay line 24 having a length
Is converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter 25 and the second actuator 26 is driven,
An acoustically non-reflective end is formed at point B.

In this embodiment, the first and second
Actuators 18 and 26 are connected to the straight pipe portion 2 of the instrument body.
To the characteristic acoustic impedance in comparison with Z _C generate sound pressure through an impedance tube with a sufficiently high impedance Z _S, diameter be formed smaller, suitable resistance material or the like is filled as required therein The thin tube is attached to the tip of the diaphragm.

It is desirable that the acoustically non-reflective end has no sound generated from outside thereof. Therefore, it is necessary to pass a large resistance component, or to squeeze a tube to radiate the sound from this end. It is necessary to take measures such as lowering the end and making it a closed end.

Further, in order to eliminate the reflection from the acoustically non-reflective end B, the transfer function H () described above depends on the magnitude of the radiated acoustic impedance Z _A at that end and the acoustic impedance Z _S of the impedance tube. s) = (Z _S / Z _A )
(1−Z _A / Z _C ) or H (s) = (1−Z _S /
Although the digital filter circuit 23 having Z _C ) is used, fine adjustment is required due to a change in the speed of sound or a change in dimensions due to temperature or the like. Therefore, when playing, previously blown a short pulse waveform from the mouthpiece end A _1, it passes through the point A, so that the reflected pulse returning to the reflected again point A at point B is close to 0 It is desirable to adjust the transfer function H (s) of the digital filter circuit 23 and the characteristics of the third electronic delay line 24.

Next, a mechanism for changing the length of the straight pipe portion of the electronic length control device will be described. For example, in a trumpet, the pipe length changes in seven stages by operating the valve system. Although the trombone tube length changes continuously, there are typically seven slide positions. Therefore, for these musical instruments, it is sufficient that the delay time by the above-mentioned electronic delay line changes in seven steps at semitone intervals. However, in the case where the pitch continuously changes with a constant width by an operation such as a trigger, a function of finely adjusting the delay time is required. For example, in the case of a trumpet, a function of finely adjusting a delay time by a resistance value or a voltage value that changes in accordance with the movement of the third slide tube having a trigger is necessary, as described later.

FIG. 5 shows three pistons I, II and III.
1 shows a trumpet according to an embodiment of the present invention in which a switch for detecting on / off of a valve is structurally provided in a valve system. In this trumpet, a valve system, a slide tube and a key mechanism which are arranged in the same shape and at the same interval as the actual trumpet and perform the same movement are used. In addition, the operation due to the performance is detected in the form of a binary code, and this is input as a scale control code to the above-mentioned electronic delay line to generate a delay coefficient.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the operation states of the three pistons I, II, and III are represented by ON-OFF codes, and the delay lines 52 are represented in the form of 3-bit binary codes.
To the delay time control circuit. On the other hand, the trigger 50a
Is detected by the detector 50. The detector 50 shown in FIG. 5 detects the operation state of the trigger 50a by an analog amount. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the detection output of the detector 50 is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 51 and supplied to the delay line 52.

On the straight pipe 53, a sensor 54 and a first
Of actuators 55 are provided.

A buffer amplifier 58 a is provided between the delay line 52 and the first actuator 55 so that the signal derived from the delay line 52 is amplified and added to the first actuator 55. I have.

Further, a buffer amplifier 58b is provided between the delay line 52 and the speaker 59, and amplifies the output of the delay line 52 to a predetermined level before the speaker 59
To supply it.

In the thus configured trumpet of this embodiment, when the depression (switch-on) of the piston corresponds to the symbol "1" and the piston rise (switch-off) corresponds to the symbol "0", the piston is pushed. The relationship shown in the following [Table 1] exists between the piston, the switch state, and the tube length change.

[0074]

[Table 1]

Therefore, if the switch code shown in Table 1 is input as a scale control code input to a delay coefficient generating circuit shown in FIG. 6 described later, the pipe length of the straight pipe portion can be controlled. A similar method can be adopted for instruments other than the trumpet.

Next, a pipe length control section for controlling the length of the straight pipe portion in this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the pipe length control unit. The pipe length control unit includes a pitch setting unit 61,
Delay coefficient generating means 62, address generating means 63, selecting means 64, storing means 65, calculating means 66,
An A converter 67 is provided. Here, the pitch setting means 61 is generally composed of a switch group corresponding to a valve as shown in FIG. 5, but may be a keyboard such as a keyboard. Further, pitch setting means 61
Is provided with means for fine adjustment of the tube length, such as a volume or a rotary encoder for directly outputting a digital value.

In the pipe length control unit having such a configuration, the switch information and the fine adjustment information of the scale instruction output from the pitch setting means 61 are output to the delay coefficient generating means 62 as a scale control code and a fine adjustment code.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the delay coefficient generating means 62. The scale control code input to the delay coefficient generating means 62 is based on a scale delay conversion table 71.
(Configured in a ROM or the like), it is converted into a scale delay coefficient corresponding to a delay time (sound propagation delay time of a sound wave) for obtaining a desired scale. Further, the fine adjustment code is also converted to a fine adjustment delay coefficient in the fine adjustment conversion table 72. These two coefficients are added in the adder 73.

Here, for the sake of simplicity, the frequency of the system clock in this embodiment is 800 kHz. This is because if the delay time described later is calculated as 10 μs (corresponding to 100 kHz), the system delay amount can be easily grasped. If the pipe length is extended by 34 cm, the sound speed c is 340 m / s at a temperature of 15 ° C., so that the delay time T _D required for the sound wave to propagate 34 cm is 34 ÷ 34.
000 = 0.001 seconds = 1 ms. Since the delay time resolution of the system is 10 μs as described above, the delay coefficient is set to 100
Is obviously equal to the delay amount.

It is clear from the scale frequency table that the scale is not a divisible value as described above. In addition, 10
It is also understood that a resolution of μs is not sufficient. This is determined by the precision of the pitch control, and therefore this delay coefficient is necessarily a quantity including a decimal part.

The fine adjustment delay conversion table 71 is also determined by the frequency accuracy and the frequency range to be controlled. These are problems related to the specifications of the system. If realized by a conversion table as in this embodiment, the fine adjustment curve can be changed, and the assignment of the control frequency (such as a wind instrument piston) can be freely changed. it can. Further, a conversion table can be provided for each type of musical instrument, and a conversion table corresponding to the type of musical instrument can be selected. In the present embodiment, the scale delay conversion table 71 and the fine adjustment delay conversion table 72 are provided independently. However, if these are collectively provided as one conversion table ROM, it is easy to read them in a time-division manner. Can be realized.

The integer part of the delay coefficient from delay coefficient generating means 62 is input to address generating means 63. Here, in the present embodiment, the RAM is used as a method of realizing the delay circuit, but it is apparent that the RAM can be realized by a circuit configuration such as a shift register. FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the address generating means 63 in this embodiment, and FIG. 10 shows the operation timing. Hereinafter, all the description of the timing will be described based on FIG. The timing of this embodiment is based on eight timing signals τ _{0 to} τ ₇ .

In FIG. 8, the first selecting means 81 sequentially selects the values “0” and “1” and the integer parts D _{L0 to} D _{Lm of the} delay coefficient according to the timing signal τ. The second selecting means 82 sequentially selects the latch output and the count values T _{3 to} T _n−1 according to the timing signal τ. First, at the first timing τ ₀ , the selection means 81 sets the delay coefficients D _{L0 to} D _Lm
, And the subtracter 83 subtracts this from the higher count values T _{3 to} T _n−1 of the counter, and latches the result in the latch circuit 84. Therefore, [T- _DL ] is at the second timing τ ₁
Is given as a RAM address at the timing shown in FIG.
0).

Further, at the second timing τ _1, the second selecting means 82 selects the latch output, and the first selecting means 81 selects “1”, thereby increasing the delay time by one clock [ T−D _L −1] is calculated and latched at the third timing τ ₂ . At the third timing τ ₂ , the first selecting means 81 selects “0”,
The second selecting means 82 selects the count values T _{3 to} T _n-1 again. Then, the addresses T _{3 to} T _n-1 indicated by the pointers
Is calculated and output as a RAM address at the fourth timing τ ₃ .

Similar calculations are performed at the subsequent timings τ ₄ , τ ₅ , τ ₆ , and the respective timings τ ₅ , τ ₆ , τ ₆
Latch output at ₇ . Here, when the address _Tn is latched, the traveling wave area (MSB is “LOW”)
And the reflected wave area (MSB is “HIGH”) are output. This means that the first half of the RAM area is a traveling wave and the second half is a reflected wave storage area. Here, the subtracter 83 can be configured by an adder, and the timing is also τ _{3 to} τ ₇ , so that the above-described delay coefficient calculation can also be performed.

Next, the storage means 65 shown in FIG. 6 will be described. As described above, this storage means 65
At the timing shown in FIG. Here, the storage unit 65 stores the input wave W _i at the fourth timing τ ₃ ,
The at timing τ ₇ W _R (arithmetic means output will be described later) are written via the selection means 64 in FIG. 6.

Next, the operation means 66 shown in FIG. 6 will be described. FIG. 9 shows the calculating means 66 in this embodiment.
The decimal part of the delay coefficient from the delay coefficient generating means 62 is input to the interpolation coefficient generating means 91 of the calculating means 66 to generate the interpolation coefficients IP and IP '(' is inverted). The interpolation coefficient generating means 91 may control the complement output of "1" by exclusive OR, but it is apparent that the interpolation coefficient can be generated using a ROM.

The interpolation coefficients IP and IP 'and the RAM output data are supplied to the latch 92 and the latch 93 by φ _M
, And is multiplied by a multiplier 94.
Latched by latch 95. The multiplication result F * IP 'is the second
Is a latch 96 for being cleared at the timing tau ₁ added by the adder 97 is latched by the latch 96 at the third timing tau ₂ of the rear end, is added to further F ⁺ * IP at fourth timing tau ₃ and latched by the latch 98 as the final operation result (W _F traveling wave) is output. Timing tau ₅ in ～Tau ₇ is operation similar done, it should be understood that interpolation calculation of the reflected wave (W _R reflected wave) is carried out.

[0090]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A sensor and a first actuator are disposed in a straight pipe portion of a wind instrument, and first and second delay lines are disposed. The output of the sensor is electronically controlled by the first and second delay lines. Is supplied to the first actuator after being delayed, so that the feedback from the musical instrument can be obtained even though the processing of the acoustic signal is electrically processed, and the musical instrument can be obtained. Can be given to the player as much as a natural musical instrument. As a result, it is possible to play with a feeling similar to that of a natural musical instrument, and it is possible to eliminate a mechanical pitch changing mechanism that requires advanced processing and adjustment. Therefore, a failure or the like hardly occurs and reliability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a driving mode of an actuator that converts an output of an electronic delay line into an acoustic signal.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the total straight length of a wind instrument.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a driving style of an actuator at an acoustic non-reflection end.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a scale code generated when a piston of a trumpet is turned on / off.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a pipe length control unit.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a delay coefficient generating means.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an address generating means.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a calculating means.

FIG. 10 is a timing chart of pipe length control.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 sensor 11 A / D converter 12 16 buffer filter circuit 13 first electronic delay line 14 23 digital filter circuit 15 second electronic delay line 17 20 25 D / A converter 18 first actuator 19 subtracter 21 amplifier 22 Speaker 24 Third Electronic Delay Line 26 Second Actuator

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sensor is installed at a predetermined position on a wall of a straight pipe connected to a mouthpiece near the mouthpiece, and an output of the sensor is input to a first electronic delay line. The output of the electronic delay line is inverted in a load circuit and input to a second electronic delay line, and the output of the second electronic delay line is supplied to a first actuator that provides an acoustic output at the predetermined position. A wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal, wherein a musical tone output is obtained by amplifying an output of the load circuit and supplying the amplified output to a speaker. 2. The output of the sensor is A / D converted and input as a digital signal to the first electronic delay line. The output of the second electronic delay line is D / A converted and converted as an analog signal. A wind instrument having means for electronically processing acoustic signals according to claim 1, supplied to a first actuator. 3. The sound according to claim 1, wherein an acoustic impedance of a thin tube connecting the first actuator and the straight tube is sufficiently larger than a characteristic acoustic impedance of the straight tube. A wind instrument having means for electronically processing signals. 4. The input of the first electronic delay line is obtained by subtracting a signal proportional to a signal supplied to the first actuator from an output of the sensor. A wind instrument having means for electronically processing the acoustic signal according to any one of claims 3 to 3. 5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein an end of the straight pipe in a direction opposite to the mouthpiece is an acoustically non-reflective end. Wind instrument having means for performing 6. The sound signal according to claim 5, wherein said acoustically non-reflective end is constituted by a pipe having a length sufficient to be regarded as an approximately infinite length pipe. A wind instrument having electronic processing means. 7. A wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to claim 5, wherein said acoustically non-reflective end is constituted by active means. 8. The active means is connected through a capillary to an end of the straight tube in a direction opposite to the mouthpiece, and outputs an output of a third electronic delay line supplied with an output of the sensor to an acoustic signal. 8. A wind instrument having means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to claim 7, further comprising a second actuator for converting the acoustic signal into an acoustic signal. 9. A binary code is generated according to a set position of a mechanical pipe length control device such as a valve system, a slide pipe, or a key mechanism, and the first and second electronic devices are generated according to the binary code. A wind instrument having a means for electronically processing an acoustic signal according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wind instrument is configured to change a delay time in a dynamic delay line. 10. The delay time according to claim 9, wherein the delay time is finely adjusted according to a value of a variable resistor that is linked to a set position of a mechanical pipe length control device such as a trigger device or a slide tube. Wind instrument having means for electronically processing the acoustic signal of the wind instrument.