JP2843731B2 - Drive structure of combine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a driving system in which the driving speed of the reaper increases as the traveling speed increases, and the driving speed of the reaper decreases as the traveling speed decreases. The present invention relates to a combine having a transmission system configured to drive the transmission system in synchronization with the transmission system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 271723/1992, by extracting the engine power that has passed through the HST, which is a traveling transmission, from a traveling transmission and inputting it to a reaper,
2. Description of the Related Art There is known a technique in which a traveling transmission system and a reaping transmission system are driven in synchronization.

[0003]

The culm to be cut is often not only in a dry and upright state suitable for harvesting, but also in a defective state in which it is wet or laid down by rain. In particular, since it often gets wet at the same time when it falls down, it is desirable to enhance the stem stalk standing action such as running at a low speed and increasing the elevating speed relatively in order to perform appropriate mowing. In such a case, in the conventional tuning drive type combine, the drive speed of the mowing unit is relatively set to be lower than the drive speed of the travel device by switching the sub-transmission mechanism that transmits the power that has passed through the HST to the travel device to a lower speed side. The speed-up means has been adopted in which the speed-up state of the elevating device is brought out by increasing the speed.

Although the above-mentioned speed-increasing means has made it possible to carry out the pre-cutting work without any inconvenience even in the lying state, the running speed tends to be too slow, and there is room for improvement in terms of work efficiency. Was left. There is also an idea that the driving speed ratio between the cutting unit and the traveling speed is set from the beginning so as to be suitable for cutting the lodging stem, but in this case, the driving speed of the cutting unit during normal work traveling is high. It is too inconvenient and cannot be realized. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the unnecessary lowering of the traveling speed in the fall cutting in a combine employing a synchronous drive structure, and to improve the work efficiency.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with a cutting section for cutting planted stems and culms for sequentially transporting the cut stems to a threshing apparatus. In a combine drive structure configured to transmit the engine power that has passed through the device to the reaping unit, a harvesting transmission mechanism that shifts the engine power that has passed through the transmission to a plurality of high and low levels and outputs it to the reaping unit, Shift operation means for performing, and vehicle speed detection means for detecting the traveling speed,
When the traveling speed detected by the vehicle speed detecting means is higher than the predetermined traveling speed, the speed ratio of the reaping transmission mechanism is switched to a lower speed side, based on the preset specific traveling speed, And a control device for controlling the operation of the speed change operation means based on the detection result of the vehicle speed detection means so as to switch the speed ratio of the mowing transmission mechanism to a higher speed side when the speed becomes lower than a predetermined traveling speed set in advance. In the control device, the running speed that is a reference when the gear ratio of the reaper transmission mechanism is switched from the high speed side to the low speed side is a reference when the speed ratio of the reaper transmission mechanism is switched from the low speed side to the high speed side. It is configured to be faster than a certain traveling speed.

[0006]

[Function] The work traveling speed is set to be low when the culm to be harvested is in a bad state such as lodging or wetting. In a good state such as drying or standing, the stalk should be run as fast as possible in order to improve work efficiency. Become. In other words, since the work traveling at low speed is a state in which it is desired to further increase the driving speed of the reaping unit, the reaping transmission mechanism that shifts the engine power through the traveling transmission to a plurality of high and low levels and outputs the motive power to the reaping unit is provided. When the traveling speed is low, the driving speed of the reaper is made higher, and when the traveling speed is high, the driving speed of the reaper is reduced and the gears are linked so as to be in the standard driving state.

For example, in the graph shown in FIG. 5, a specific traveling speed (0.8 m / s) set in advance with respect to a standard relationship line a (virtual line) between the traveling speed in the synchronous driving mode and the cutting unit driving speed. In the low-speed work traveling up to ()), the reaping transmission mechanism is switched to the high-speed side, and is the lodging-related line b (broken line).
As a result, the actual relation line c is in a state like a saw blade shape in which the lines a and b shown by solid lines are united, and unlike the conventional case, the working speed is not reduced unnecessarily, and A faster driving state of the mowing part during low-speed work traveling, such as raising the culm lightly, appears. (Note that the line c is intentionally shifted from the lines a and b in FIG. 5 for understanding the drawing.)

Further, in the present invention, the specific running speed set when the speed ratio of the reaper transmission mechanism is switched from the high speed side to the low speed side is switched from the low speed side to the high speed side of the reaper transmission mechanism. The hysteresis is configured to be faster than a specific traveling speed set in advance. For example, as shown in the graph of FIG. 5, the switching speed from the high speed side to the low speed side at the time of increasing the speed is 0.8 m / s, and the switching speed from the low speed side to the high speed side at the time of deceleration is 0.7 m. Set each to / s.

Due to the setting of the hysteresis, the traveling speed naturally increases and decreases naturally due to a change in road surface conditions,
Even if the running speed repeatedly increases and decreases in the vicinity of the speed ratio switching point of the mowing transmission mechanism due to frequent acceleration / deceleration operations, the speed ratio switching operation is smoothly performed. Hunting of the system is prevented.

[0010]

Accordingly, a transmission section dedicated to the mowing section is provided, and the transmission section is provided with hysteresis so as to shift according to the traveling speed range, so that hunting of the control system does not occur and unnecessary during low-speed work. Since the work efficiency was improved by eliminating the slowdown in speed, it was possible to further improve the performance of the inherently efficient tuning drive type combine.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 shows a combine, wherein A is a reaping unit, B is a traveling machine, and C is a threshing device. The mowing unit A is equipped with a raising device 1, a mowing device 2, a transport device 3, and the like. The harvested stems from the transport device 3 are transferred to the threshing feed chain 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes a crawler traveling device, and reference numeral 6 denotes a control unit.

Next, the driving structure of the combine will be described. FIG. 2 shows a drive system, 7 is an engine, 8 is a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (HST), 9 is a main clutch, 10 is a transmission, and 8b is a reaping output shaft for outputting the output of the HST 8 to the reaping section A. , 11 is a reaping clutch, 12 is a counter shaft,
13 is a threshing clutch, 14 is a branch transmission mechanism, and 15 is a handling cylinder. In this drive system, the cutting unit A is input to the cutting unit A from the cutting output shaft 8b so that the speed of the cutting unit A is synchronized with that of the crawler traveling device 5.

A first transmission mechanism E for transmitting the feed chain 4 from the counter shaft 12 to the feed chain 4 so that the speed of the feed chain 4 is also synchronized with the crawler traveling device 5, and H
A second transmission mechanism F for transmitting the engine power that has not passed through ST8 to the feed chain 4 is provided, and the first transmission mechanism E is in the transmission state, and the second transmission mechanism F is in the transmission disconnected state. There is provided a switching mechanism G that selectively appears between a transmission mode and a constant-speed transmission mode in which the first transmission mechanism E is in the transmission-disconnected state and the second transmission mechanism F is in the transmission state.

That is, a second pulley 17 that is belt-linked to the transmission shaft 16 and a first pulley 18 that is belt-linked to the counter shaft 12 are loosely fitted to the intermediate shaft 19.
A meshing shifter 20 meshing with one of the first and second pulleys 18 and 17 is slidably fitted outside the spline on the intermediate shaft 19, and is engaged with the first pulley 18 and the meshing shifter 20.
The first transmission mechanism E is connected to the second pulley 17 and the meshing shifter 2.
The second transmission mechanism F is constituted by 0 or the like. The meshing shifter 20 is switched by a switching mechanism G including an electric cylinder 21 and a swinging fork 22, and a speedometer 24 is connected to a first control device 23 that controls the operation of the electric cylinder 21.

When the traveling speed is lower than the predetermined speed, the meshing shifter 20 engages with the first pulley 18 and a synchronous transmission mode appears, and when the traveling speed is higher than the predetermined speed, the meshing shifter 20 becomes The first control device 23 controls the speedometer 24 so that it engages with the two pulleys 17 so that a constant speed transmission mode appears.
And the electric cylinder 21 are controlled in cooperation.

For example, when the traveling speed is in a range from 0 m / s to 0.5 m / s, the driving speed of the feed chain 4 is also from 0 m / s to 0.8 m / s.
A synchronous transmission form that increases and decreases proportionally up to / s appears.
When the traveling speed exceeds 0.5m / s, the feed chain speed
A constant speed transmission mode maintained at 0.8 m / s constant appears, and at the switching point, the first and second transmission mechanisms E, F
The speed ratios are set so that the feed chain speeds are the same (0.8 m / s).

As shown in FIG. 2, an input portion a to the cutting portion A and an input portion b to the first transmission mechanism E of the counter shaft 12 are provided.
, A feed transmission device 25 capable of freely shifting between three high and low stages
Are provided, and can be switched by manual operation of the switching lever 26. The feed transmission 25 is set to the medium speed position during the standard harvesting operation, the feed transmission 25 is set to the high speed side in bad conditions such as lodging, and the feed transmission 25 is set to the low speed in good conditions such as when the rice is sufficiently dried. For example, it is convenient to change the speed according to the situation at the time of cutting the stem and stem, such as switching to the side.

If a setting device 27 capable of changing and setting the traveling speed at the switching point is connected to the first control device 23, the switching point between the synchronous transmission mode and the constant-speed transmission mode of the feed chain 4 is determined by the speed. It is also possible to shift to a lower or faster side and intentionally provide a speed difference at a point where the transmission mode is tuned and switched at a constant speed.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
The mowing speed change mechanism H for shifting the engine power having passed through the HST 8 to two or more high and low levels and outputting the power to the mowing output shaft 8b is provided therein. It is provided. That is, the first drive gear G ₁ and the second drive gear G ₂ are provided on the output shaft 8 a of the HST 8.
And the cutting output shaft 8b mounted to bite with the first driven gear G ₃ a second driven gear G ₄ Togaotto s constant engagement structure, by sliding on the spline portion of the Reaper output shaft 8b,-option A reaping transmission mechanism H is constituted by providing a dog 28 which is engaged with the first or second driven gear G ₃ , G ₄ . An output pulley 8p is attached to the cutting output shaft 8b via a one-way clutch 39.

A shifter 29 for sliding the dog 28
With the shifter shaft 29a
In addition, the shift operation means J is constituted by interlockingly connecting the output shaft 30a of the geared motor 30 to the shifter shaft 29a. The geared motor 30 is equipped with limit switches 30s and 30g for stopping the motor from rotating forward and backward in order to stop the motor at the end of a high or low gear shift. or,
It is convenient to provide a friction transmission mechanism that automatically slips when a load torque greater than a predetermined value acts.

For reference, FIG. 4 shows the internal structure of the transmission 10, in which reference numeral 40 denotes an auxiliary transmission portion, reference numeral 41 denotes left and right side clutches, reference numeral 42 denotes each crawler drive shaft, and reference numeral 43 denotes a side clutch 4.
This is a dog clutch that is disengaged with one boat.

As shown in FIG. 1, in this combine,
A vehicle speed detecting means K for detecting the traveling speed of the body is also provided. When the traveling speed increases, the cutting speed change mechanism H is switched to a low speed side, and when the traveling speed decreases, the cutting speed change mechanism H is switched to a high speed side. A second control device (comprising two relays) 33 is provided for linking the vehicle speed detecting means K and the geared motor 30 so as to operate the vehicle. A tuning speed ratio switching control for automatically increasing the speed is performed.

The vehicle speed detecting means K connects the HST 8 to the rod 32
And a speed change lever 31 for traveling, which is operated through the switch, and two limit switches 34 and 35. That is, the limit switches 34 and 35 are attached to the arc-shaped operation plate 36 mounted near the pivot axis P of the transmission lever 31.
The upper and lower large-diameter portions 36a that contact the contacts 34a, 35a to operate the switch and the small-diameter portions 36b that do not contact the contacts 34a, 35a so as not to operate the switch are formed.

The operation of the tuning gear ratio switching control will be described.
The shift lever 31 at the high-speed position (the left side in FIG. 1) is rocked to the low-speed side, and the first limit switch 34 is turned ON just at the corner of the large-diameter portion 36a (the state shown in FIG. 1). ), The geared motor 30 is driven to rotate forward and the dog 28
It meshed with the second driven gear G _4, for switching and operating the cutting speed change mechanism H on the high speed side. At the time of this deceleration operation, the mowing transmission mechanism H
The vehicle speed at the switching point is set to 0.7 m / s.

Next, when the shift lever 31 on the low speed side (the right side in FIG. 1) is swung to the high speed side, each contact 3
The angle range β of the small diameter portion 36b is slightly larger than the angle range α of the swing axis P between 4a and 35a (β> α).
Since the first limit switch 34 is turned off and the second limit switch 35 is turned on after a while, the geared motor 30 is driven in the reverse direction to engage the dog 28 with the first driven gear G ₃ , and the mowing is performed. The transmission mechanism H is switched to the low speed side.

That is, hysteresis is generated by the above angle difference (β> α). As shown in FIG. 5, the vehicle speed at the switching point of the cutting speed change mechanism H during the speed increasing operation is reduced. Value slightly faster than the vehicle speed 0.7 m / s at the switching point of the mowing transmission mechanism H (for example, 0.8 m / s)
Is set to With this hysteresis setting, hunting of the control system due to frequent acceleration / deceleration operations near the switching point is prevented.

By the way, each of the switches 34 and 35 is urged to the OFF side, and until the other switch is turned ON, even if it is turned OFF after the ON operation, the switches 34 and 35 are not turned ON. Harvesting transmission mechanism H
Is controlled such that the speed change state is maintained. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the driving speed of the reaping unit with respect to the vehicle speed passes through the line y during the deceleration operation and the line x during the speed-up operation.
Hysteresis is set to pass through.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 37 denotes a cutting speed change mechanism H.
Is a manual switch for artificially switching the operation of the reference numeral 38 is a stock source detection switch provided near the weeding implement, and the above-mentioned tuning transmission ratio switching control is such that the stock source switch 38 is ON, and
The switch is activated when the manual switch 37 is in the "standard" position. When the manual switch 37 is set to the "downside down" position, the mowing transmission mechanism H is switched to the high speed side prior to the synchronous transmission ratio switching control.

[Another embodiment] The harvesting speed change mechanism is constructed in a three-stage speed change structure.
In the standard work traveling, the second control device 33 may function such that the harvesting speed is low.

Further, the vehicle speed detecting means K may be constituted by a speedometer, or may be equipped with a belt continuously variable transmission for traveling and an actuator such as an electric cylinder for shifting the speed of the transmission, and a light-weight device capable of transmitting an electric signal. The shift operation means J may be configured to have a shift lever.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a circuit structure of tuning gear ratio switching control.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a transmission system of a combine.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of a mowing transmission mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure of a traveling mission.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship graph between a vehicle speed with hysteresis and a cutting speed.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the combine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 8 transmission device 33 control device A reaping section C threshing device H reaping transmission mechanism J transmission operation means K vehicle speed detection means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Sho 55-162524 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 69/00 302

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutting unit (A) for cutting planted stems and culms, and transporting the cut stems to a threshing device (C) sequentially, and using engine power passing through a traveling transmission (8). A drive structure of a combine configured to be transmitted to the reaping unit (A), wherein engine power having passed through the transmission (8) is shifted to a plurality of high and low stages and output to the reaping unit (A). A cutting speed change mechanism (H), a speed change operation means (J) for performing a speed change operation thereof, and a vehicle speed detection means (K) for detecting a running speed, wherein a predetermined specific running speed is used as a reference. The vehicle speed
The traveling speed detected by the detecting means (K) is set in advance.
The harvesting transmission
Switch the gear ratio of the gear (H) to the low speed side and set it in advance.
When the running speed is lower than the specified running speed,
In order to switch the speed ratio of the speed change mechanism (H) to the high speed side,
The change based on the detection result of the vehicle speed detection means (K).
A control device (33) for controlling the operation of the speed operating means (J)
And the control device (33) includes a
The reference when the gear ratio is switched from high speed to low speed
Traveling speed, the gear ratio of the mowing transmission mechanism (H) is low.
Running speed as a reference when switching from high speed to high speed
Combine drive structure that is configured to be faster than degrees .