JP2841534B2 - Guide jig for plasma arc cutting and positioning method - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plasma arc cutting guide jig used for cutting an object to be cut by a plasma arc and a method of positioning the guide jig.

<Prior Art> Generally, as a plasma arc cutting operation, a workpiece W is cut linearly as shown in FIG. 10 (a), or a workpiece W is cut as shown in FIG. 10 (b). Is cut diagonally.

By the way, an automatic cutting device is frequently used because plasma arc cutting is at a high speed of twice or more of a gas cutting speed and a plasma arc torch must be moved smoothly in order to obtain a smooth cut surface. Tend to be.

As shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and (b), for example, this automatic cutting device has a guide rail 1 'disposed on a workpiece W and a motor provided along the guide rail 1'. A traveling vehicle 2 ′, first and second adjustment mechanisms 51 and 52 supported in the traveling vehicle 2 ′ and adjustable in the Y and Z directions, and supported by the lower end of the second adjustment mechanism 52. And a torch angle adjusting mechanism 53 capable of adjusting the angle about an axis in the X direction parallel to the cutting line, and a plasma arc torch T supported by an angle adjusting member 54.

As described above, the plasma arc automatic cutting device can perform various cuttings by appropriately adjusting the first and second adjusting mechanisms 51 and 52 and the angle adjusting mechanism 53.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and (b), when the end surface of the workpiece W is cut obliquely, that is, when a so-called groove is formed, various groove shapes or alternatives are used. When the general-purpose automatic cutting device is used, a marking line G to be a cutting line is displayed on the surface of the workpiece W, and the guide rail 1 ′ is parallel to the marking line G. After the arrangement, the position of the plasma arc torch T is aligned with the marking line G.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the above-mentioned automatic cutting device requires not only a power supply for driving the traveling motor and an electric control device, but also a cost increase, and various electric cables are obstructive. There was a disadvantage that workability was poor.

In addition, when the automatic cutting device is used as described above, the operation of displaying the marking line G on the surface of the workpiece W is troublesome. Further, in the above-mentioned general-purpose automatic cutting device, workability is poor because it takes time to arrange the general-purpose long guide rail 1 ′ in parallel with the marking line G.

In particular, in the plasma arc cutting operation of various steel materials and other relatively short objects to be used for constructions, etc., in which demand is rapidly increasing in recent years, the operation efficiency before cutting is poor with an automatic cutting device, so that the cost is low and the cost is high. An efficient plasma arc cutting guide jig has been desired.

<Means for Solving the Problems> According to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, a support member for supporting a torch for cutting a plasma arc and a guide rail which is attracted to a workpiece through a magnet are movable. In a plasma arc cutting guide jig that integrally supports a traveling member and travels the traveling member manually, the traveling member is formed such that the dimension in the traveling direction is smaller than the width dimension of the guide rail. A guide is provided with a margin in the width direction of the guide rail, and a pointer extending in the long axis direction of the guide rail is provided on the traveling member, and corresponding to the change of each angle of the groove. At least the support member is replaced with a dedicated one.

The second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the running member is provided with a friction reducing member at a contact portion with the guide rail.

The third invention is a method for positioning a stable jig for plasma arc cutting according to the first or second invention,
A gauge body with a scale, a positioning block that is slidable and position-adjustable with respect to the gauge body and abuts on a guide rail for positioning, and a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gauge body at the end of the gauge body And a contact member that comes into contact with the end surface of the object to be cut, constitutes a positioning gauge for the guide rail, and the thickness g of the object to be cut, the root surface height a, and the groove angle θ The distance L between the contact member and the positioning block is L = (ta) tanθ-k secθ / 2 + 1 (where k is the actual diameter of the plasma arc, l: the distance between the cutting point on the surface of the workpiece and the guide rail) The conversion table obtained based on the conversion table is created, the position of the positioning block is determined in accordance with the conversion table, and the guide rail is positioned using the positioning gauge.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an illustrated example.

1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a flat guide rail, and the guide rails 1 are provided with magnets 7, 7 embedded at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction. Approximately 2 the guide rail 1 in along connexion movable driving member, for example, the traveling member 2 is to be opened downward with a width y ₁ somewhat greater than the width y ₀ of Y-y line section of the guide rail 1 is formed in a U shape, a frame 3 which is smaller than the width in the running direction of the dimension x ₁ guide rail, antifriction member 4 abuts and is supported by the frame 3 on the upper surface 101 of the guide rail 1 It is composed of Note that, as the above dimensions, y ₁ −y ₀ = 0.1 to ₁ mm and x ₁ = 10 to 50 mm are appropriate. The antifriction member 4 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin material formed into a curved surface. 5 is a plasma arc torch T
Is a support member that supports the distal end of the support member at a specific angle in an electronically insulated manner. In the illustrated case, the support member 5 and the traveling member 2 are integrally supported. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, several types of the support member 5 and the traveling member 2 are prepared according to the type of the groove angle. Reference numeral 6 denotes a pointer supported by the traveling member 2 and extending in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 1. The guide jig 8 for plasma arc cutting is constituted by the above 1 to 7.

In the guide jig 8, the light guide rail 1 is disposed at a predetermined position of the workpiece W as described later, and the support member 5 corresponding to a desired groove angle is used. The cutting is performed while the traveling member 2 is manually traveling via the arc torch T. During actual cutting work,
The operator operates the plasma arc torch T while observing such that the pointer 6 and the guide rail 1 are substantially parallel.

At the time of actual work, a so-called long torch in which the distance between the tip of the torch and the grip portion gripped by the operator is long to improve workability, and the pointer 6 and the guide rail 1 are used.
In order to easily observe the parallelism of the torch 1 and facilitate the traveling operation of the torch 1, it is preferable to arrange the torch 1 so that its major axis is substantially in the cutting direction, as shown in FIG. In this case, since the friction reducing member 4 of the traveling member 2 and the surface 101 of the guide rail abut in a single state, even if the position of the grip portion of the torch gripped by the operator is slightly shifted in the vertical direction. , The plasma flow ejected from the torch is
Since it has only a so-called advancing angle or a receding angle, it hardly affects the plasma cutting result. Of course, in this case, even if the position of the gripping portion of the long torch is slightly shifted in the horizontal direction, since the traveling member 2 is arranged with a margin in the width direction of the guide rail 1, the traveling member 2 There is no danger of hindering the traveling of the vehicle.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, when several types of the support member 5 and the traveling member 2 are integrally supported in accordance with the type of the groove angle, the pointers 6 may be provided for each of them. When the groove angle is changed, only the plasma arc torch T needs to be replaced with the exclusive support member 5 integrally supported, but the pointer 6 can be replaced in the same manner as the plasma arc torch T is replaced. The anti-friction member 4 is
As shown in FIG. 5, a structure in which two or more points abut on the guide rail 1 in the longitudinal direction may be employed. Furthermore, the sixth
As shown in the drawing, the guide rail 1 is provided with a flange, and the traveling member 2 in which a plurality of friction reducing members 4, 4, which are rollers holding the flange, are supported by the frame 3 can be provided. Of course, the anti-friction member 4 shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6 can be appropriately replaced. As shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, if the antifriction member 4 and the guide rail 1 are configured to abut at two or more points, the position of the traveling member 2 relative to the guide rail 1 in the traveling direction is substantially reduced. Since it is constant, it is suitable when the long axis of the plasma torch T is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the long axis of the guide rail 1.

In addition, among the support member 5 and the traveling member 2 that are integrally supported, at least several support members 5 are created according to the type of the included angle, and when the included angle is changed, the support member 5 is replaced with a dedicated support member 5. The exclusive support member 5 and the common traveling member 2 can be fastened and integrally supported.

Next, a method of positioning the guide jig 8 will be described.

First, a description will be given of a positioning gauge for a guide rail. In FIGS. 7 and 8, reference numeral 11 denotes a gauge main body on which a scale 12 is mounted, 13 denotes a slidable relative to the gauge main body 11, and a setting tool 14, for example, The positioning block 13 is a positioning block whose position can be freely set by a tightening screw. In the illustrated case, the contact portion 131 is formed so as to slidably fit and contact the guide rail 1. 15 is the gauge body 11
The contact member 15 protrudes from the end of the gauge body 11 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gauge body 11, and the contact member 15 contacts the end surface of the workpiece W.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a cutting state using the guide jig 8 for plasma arc cutting, and includes a groove shape, that is, a groove angle θ, and a plate thickness t of the object to be cut, according to the object W to be cut. And the root surface height a is appropriately determined. In the guide jig 8, the plasma arc torch T is replaced with the dedicated support member 5 in accordance with the change of the groove angle θ, so that there is no problem with the groove angle. However, due to other variables t and a,
The distance L between the guide rail 1 arranged on the object to be cut and the end face of the object to be cut W must be changed. If the distance between the cutting point on the surface of the object to be cut and the guide rail 1 is 1 and the actual diameter of the plasma arc is k, and as shown in the drawing, L ₁₁ , L ₁₂ , and L ₁₃ , L ₁₁ = (k / 2) From (1 / cos θ) = k sec θ / 2, L ₁₂ = (t−a) tan θ, L ₁₃ = L ₁₂ −L ₁₁ , L = L ₁₃ + l, L = (t−a) tan θ−k sec θ / 2 + l ... (1)

For example, when cutting the tip of the plasma torch tip and the object to be cut under a cutting condition of 4 mm and a cutting current of 80 A,
As an approximate value, k = 3 mm.

In this case, if l = 50 mm, a conversion table for the value of L shown in Table 1 can be obtained from equation (1).

When cutting with a plasma arc, the plasma jet is directed in a direction slightly deviating from the object to be cut, so that under the above cutting conditions, a plane perpendicular to the surface of the object with respect to the groove angle θ ゜ is used. The plasma arc torch T is supported by the support member 5 so that the plasma jet of the plasma arc torch forms an angle (θ-2) ゜. Also,
In Table 1, the value of l is the same when the dedicated support members 5 are used depending on the difference in the groove angle θ. However, the value of l may be made different for each dedicated support member 5. it can. In most cases, the groove angle θ is 35 ° or 45 °, but it is of course preferable to obtain a conversion table for other angles.

Now, as a pre-cutting operation, the guide rail 1 is moved to the object W to be cut.
Position, and select the value of L according to the groove shape from Table 1, and set the gauge body so that the value of L is obtained.
The positioning block 13 is fixed to 11. In this case, since the position of only the scale 12 corresponding to the distance l ₀ between the abutting portion 131 abutting against the guide rail 1 and the scale reader 132 of the positioning block 13 is offset, the positioning block 13 in the gauge body 11 Set easily. Thereafter, the end surface of the workpiece W and the guide rail 1 are brought into contact with the contact member 15 of the positioning gauge and the contact portion 131 of the positioning block 13, respectively. By performing the operation at at least two positions in the axial direction, the positioning operation of the guide rail with respect to the workpiece is completed.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
When the contact portion 131 disposed on the guide rail 1 is slidably fitted to the guide rail 1, the contact member 15 of the positioning gauge is brought into contact with the end surface of the object to be cut, and the positioning gauge is moved to the guide rail 1. , The guide rail 1 is slid in the longitudinal direction to position the guide rail with respect to the workpiece.

<Effects of the Invention> As is apparent from the above description, the guide jig for plasma arc cutting according to the present invention is attached to a support member for supporting a torch for plasma arc cutting and a workpiece through a magnet. In a plasma arc cutting guide jig for integrally supporting a traveling member movable along a guide rail and manually traveling the traveling member, the traveling member has a dimension in the traveling direction that is the width of the guide rail. The guide member is formed to be smaller than the dimension, is provided with a margin in the width direction of the guide rail, and is provided with a pointer extending in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail on the traveling member. Since the structure is such that at least the support member is replaced with a special one in response to a change in the angle, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than a conventional automatic cutting device, and is necessary when using the automatic cutting device. Since various necessary electrical cables are not required, the cables do not interfere with the work, and thus the workability is improved.

Of course, when the groove angle is changed, the support member of the torch is replaced with a dedicated one. However, since the position adjusting operation of the plasma arc torch is not required, there is no possibility that an incorrect cutting is performed. Further, the cutting is performed manually using the guide jig. However, since the supporting member and the traveling member that support the plasma arc torch can be smoothly moved along the guide rail, a desired cutting result is obtained. be able to.

Furthermore, to set the position of the positioning block to a value selected from the conversion table created according to the groove shape, and to position the guide rail with respect to the workpiece by the positioning gauge having the set positioning block,
The positioning work of the plasma arc cutting guide jig including the guide rail can be performed extremely easily and reliably. Of course, when the portion to be cut is short, the positioning operation of the plasma arc cutting guide jig must be performed frequently. However, the plasma arc cutting guide jig is more compact and lighter than the automatic cutting device. Therefore, even if the positioning operation of the guide jig is repeated, the fatigue of the worker is extremely small. Further, the cutting work efficiency before cutting, which is conventionally required, is unnecessary, so that the cutting work efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a guide jig according to the present invention,
2 is a front view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a view when the groove angle θ in FIG. 1 is changed. FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a front view showing a modification of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a positioning method when positioning the guide jig. FIG. 7 is a front view showing a positioning gauge for a guide rail.
8 is a plan view of FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a positional relationship between the groove shape and the guide jig, and FIGS. 10 (a) and (b) are objects to be cut of the present invention. FIG. 11 (a) is a front view showing a conventional example, and FIG. 11 (b) is a plan view of FIG. 11 (a). DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Guide rail, 2 ... Running member, 5 ... Support member for torch for plasma arc cutting, 6 ... Pointer, 8 ... Guide jig for plasma arc cutting, 11 ... Gauge body, 13 ... Positioning Block, 131… Contact part, 15… Contact member, 16… Positioning gauge

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-51-123754 (JP, A) JP-A-2-127391 (JP, U) JP-A-59-99066 (JP, U) (58) Investigation Field (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23K 10 / 00,37 / 02,7 / 10 B23K 9/28

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A support member for supporting a torch for cutting a plasma arc; and a traveling member movable along a guide rail which is sucked on a workpiece through a magnet. In the guide jig for plasma arc cutting, in which the traveling member is manually operated, the traveling member is formed so that the dimension in the traveling direction is smaller than the width dimension of the guide rail, and has a margin in the width direction of the guide rail. And a pointer extending in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail is disposed on the traveling member, and at least the support member is replaced with a dedicated one in response to a change in the included angle. Guide jig for plasma arc cutting. 2. A guide jig for plasma arc cutting according to claim 1, wherein a friction reducing member is attached to said traveling member at a contact portion with said guide rail. 3. A gauge body with a scale, a positioning block slidable and position-adjustable with respect to the gauge body for abutting and positioning on a guide rail, and a gauge body at an end of the gauge body. A positioning gauge for the guide rail is constituted by a contact member which is provided in a direction perpendicular to the axis and which comes into contact with an end face of the object to be cut, and the thickness of the object to be cut is
A conversion table is created by calculating the distance L between the contact member and the positioning block in accordance with t, the root surface height a, and the groove angle θ based on the following formula, and the position of the positioning block corresponding to the conversion table. 3. The positioning method for positioning a plasma arc cutting guide jig according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position of the guide rail is determined using the positioning gauge. L = (ta) tanθ-k secθ / 2 + 1 (k: actual diameter of plasma arc, l: gap between cutting point on the surface of workpiece and guide rail)