JP2841384B2 - Electrostatic toner - Google Patents
Electrostatic tonerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2841384B2 JP2841384B2 JP63239431A JP23943188A JP2841384B2 JP 2841384 B2 JP2841384 B2 JP 2841384B2 JP 63239431 A JP63239431 A JP 63239431A JP 23943188 A JP23943188 A JP 23943188A JP 2841384 B2 JP2841384 B2 JP 2841384B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- weight
- resin
- acid
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- -1 imidazole compound Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 7
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-methoxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1CN1CCCCC1 OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 5
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1982121 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PZTQVMXMKVTIRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl2028348 Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PZTQVMXMKVTIRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010187 litholrubine BK Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHLKMGYGBHFODF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=C(CN=C=O)C=C1 OHLKMGYGBHFODF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZWPUBMUJFCAIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,2-diaminoethoxy)ethane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC(N)COCC(N)N TZWPUBMUJFCAIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFMYRCRXYIIGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl]-n-[4-[4-[[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-methylphenyl]-2-methylphenyl]-3-oxobutanamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=C(C)C(NC(=O)C(N=NC=3C(=CC(Cl)=CC=3)Cl)C(C)=O)=CC=2)C=C(C)C=1NC(=O)C(C(=O)C)N=NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl JFMYRCRXYIIGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGHFDIIVVIFNPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methyl-3-buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=O ZGHFDIIVVIFNPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTJGVAJYTOXFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminonaphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=CC(N)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C21 MTJGVAJYTOXFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVOJOIBIVGEQBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[2-chloro-4-[3-chloro-4-[(5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-4-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]-5-methyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-ol Chemical compound CC1=NN(C(O)=C1N=NC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)C1=CC(Cl)=C(C=C1)N=NC1=C(O)N(N=C1C)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVOJOIBIVGEQBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KNIUHBNRWZGIQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-diethoxyphosphinothioyloxy-4-methylchromen-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)=CC=C21 KNIUHBNRWZGIQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000848645 Banza Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001106557 Papaver argemone Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MRQIXHXHHPWVIL-ISLYRVAYSA-N Sudan I Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1 MRQIXHXHHPWVIL-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alizarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZLFVRXUOSPRRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl2138372 Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZLFVRXUOSPRRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WTNDADANUZETTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C1 WTNDADANUZETTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- CTIQLGJVGNGFEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L naphthol yellow S Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C([O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 CTIQLGJVGNGFEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 235000012736 patent blue V Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BJQFWAQRPATHTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1Cl BJQFWAQRPATHTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEVVKKAVYQFQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C(C)=C1 OEVVKKAVYQFQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHFHDVDXYKOSKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 WHFHDVDXYKOSKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VENDXQNWODZJGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC(NC(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C VENDXQNWODZJGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N non-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)C=C HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOTPFVNWMLFMFW-ISLYRVAYSA-N para red Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(N(=O)=O)C=C1 WOTPFVNWMLFMFW-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RAPZEAPATHNIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N risperidone Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C3CCN(CC3)CCC=3C(=O)N4CCCCC4=NC=3C)=NOC2=C1 RAPZEAPATHNIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- VVNRQZDDMYBBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 1-[(1-sulfonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=CC2=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(N=NC3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3O)=CC=C21 VVNRQZDDMYBBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemercury Chemical compound [Hg]=S QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CABKTBARMIMCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl methanetetracarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C(=O)OC)(C(=O)OC)C(=O)OC CABKTBARMIMCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006230 thermoplastic polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBKBGHZMNFTKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 2-[(2-oxido-3-sulfo-6-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]benzoate Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C(=O)[O-])N=NC2=C3C=CC(=CC3=CC(=C2[O-])S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] RBKBGHZMNFTKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JEVGKYBUANQAKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N victoria blue R Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC=CC=C2C(=[NH+]CC)C=CC1=C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 JEVGKYBUANQAKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09783—Organo-metallic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
- C07F3/003—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/09758—Organic compounds comprising a heterocyclic ring
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、電子写真、静電記録および静電印刷等にお
ける静電荷像を現像するための新規なトナー、さらに詳
しくは正帯電性に優れたトナーに関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel toner for developing an electrostatic image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like, and more particularly, to a toner excellent in positive chargeability. About.
従来技術およびその課題 静電潜像の現像は、種々な方式で感光体上に形成され
た正または負の電荷を有する静電潜像に対し、負または
正に摩擦帯電されたトナーを静電的に吸着させることに
より行なわれ、次いで転写紙上にトナー画像を転写し、
定着させることにより現像画像の定着が行なわれる。こ
のトナーは、カブリ等のない鮮明な現像画像を得るため
に適正な帯電量を有することがまず要求される。更に、
帯電量に経時変化がなく、環境変化、例えば湿度変化等
により、著しい帯電量の減衰や固化等の変化を生じない
ことも要求されている。これは帯電量が最初に設定され
た値から減衰して小さくなると、トナー飛散が多くなり
地肌カブリや白紙部分へのトナー飛散、また現像装置周
辺にトナー汚れが生ずる等の問題が発生するからであ
る。2. Description of the Related Art The development of an electrostatic latent image is performed by applying a negatively or positively triboelectrically charged toner to an electrostatic latent image having a positive or negative charge formed on a photoreceptor by various methods. The toner image is transferred onto transfer paper,
By fixing, the developed image is fixed. The toner is first required to have an appropriate charge amount in order to obtain a clear developed image without fog or the like. Furthermore,
It is also required that the charge amount does not change with time and that there is no significant change in charge amount such as attenuation or solidification due to environmental changes such as changes in humidity. This is because if the charge amount attenuates from the initially set value and becomes smaller, toner scattering increases, causing problems such as background fog, toner scattering on blank paper, and toner contamination around the developing device. is there.
上記要求に応えるため、トナー製造に際し通常荷電制
御剤が添加されるが、近年カラー化が進み、色再現性に
優れた白色あるいは淡黄色の帯電制御剤が要求される。In order to meet the above demand, a charge control agent is usually added at the time of toner production. In recent years, colorization has been advanced, and a white or pale yellow charge control agent having excellent color reproducibility has been required.
負の電荷を付与する負荷電制御剤には無色、白色また
は薄い黄色のものが市販され、効果も高く、これらの制
御剤を用いることは特に実用上制限はない。ところが正
の電荷を付与する正電荷制御剤、特にカラートナーに使
用可能なものは、有色のニグロシン系染料、白色の四級
アンモニウム塩あるいはイミダゾール系化合物(特開昭
62−287262号公報、特開昭61−259265号公報あるいは特
開昭59−187350号公報等)が知られているがその種類は
非常に少ない。Colorless, white, or pale yellow negative charge control agents that impart a negative charge are commercially available and have high effects, and the use of these control agents is not particularly limited in practice. However, a positive charge control agent that imparts a positive charge, particularly one that can be used for a color toner, is a colored nigrosine dye, a white quaternary ammonium salt or an imidazole compound (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
JP-A-62-287262, JP-A-61-259265 and JP-A-59-187350) are known, but the types thereof are very few.
ニグロシン系染料は、純粋な一種類の化合物からなる
のではなく、数種類の化合物の混合物でその正確な組成
等は不明で、常に同程度の機能を期待できず問題であ
る。またニグロシン系染料は複写速度が中低速である複
写機に用いられるトナーに対しては安定した荷電を付与
することに有効に機能するが、さらに低融点、低粘度の
樹脂で構成される高速複写機用のトナーにそのまま適用
しても上記機能を得ることはできない。カラートナーに
関しても、ニグロシン系染料は有色であるため適応する
ことに問題がある。Nigrosine dyes do not consist of a single pure compound, but are a mixture of several compounds, the exact composition and the like of which are unknown. Nigrosine dyes function effectively to provide a stable charge to toner used in copying machines whose copying speed is medium to low, but high-speed copying made of resin with a low melting point and low viscosity The above function cannot be obtained even if it is applied as it is to a machine toner. As for color toners, there is a problem in adapting nigrosine dyes because they are colored.
四級アンモニウム塩は荷電性能の耐環境安定性が不安
定であり、粒径が大きくかつ定着時に溶けず、さらに匂
いがある等の問題がある。また4級アンモニウム塩はニ
グロシン染料と同様に帯電性能において不十分である。The quaternary ammonium salt has problems such as unstable environmental stability of charging performance, large particle size, insolubility at the time of fixing, and odor. Also, the quaternary ammonium salt is insufficient in charging performance like the nigrosine dye.
イミダゾール系化合物としては下記式; で表されるジオルガノスズビスイミダゾール(特開昭62
−287262号公報)、下記式; で表わされる2−アミノベンゾイミダゾール類(特開昭
61−217055号公報)、下記式; で表わされるビニルイミダゾール類(特開昭59−187350
号公報)等が知られている。As the imidazole compound, the following formula; Diorganotin bisimidazole represented by
-287262), the following formula; 2-aminobenzimidazoles represented by
61-217055), the following formula; Vinylimidazoles represented by the formula (JP-A-59-187350)
Is known.
本願が開示しようとする荷電制御剤もイミダゾール系
の化合物雨であるが、上記化合物とは全く異なる。The charge control agent disclosed in the present application is also an imidazole-based compound rain, which is completely different from the above-mentioned compound.
発明が解決しようとする課題 上記したごとく正の電荷を付与する正荷電制御剤は、
その数も少なく、特にカラートナーに適した無色あるい
は白色のものが望まれている。Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, a positive charge control agent that imparts a positive charge is
The number is small, and a colorless or white color toner particularly suitable for a color toner is desired.
本発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたものであって、荷電
の立ち上がり、安定性および耐環境性に優れた正荷電性
トナーを提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a positively chargeable toner having excellent charge rising, stability, and environmental resistance.
本発明の別の目的は色再現性に優れ、透光性にも優れ
た正荷電性トナーを提供することを目的とする。Another object of the present invention is to provide a positively chargeable toner having excellent color reproducibility and excellent translucency.
課題を解決するための手段 数平均分子量(Mn)が1000〜7000、重量平均分子量/
数平均分子量(Mw/Mn)が40〜70、Z平均分子量/数平
均分子量(Mz/Mn)が200〜500である結着樹脂、着色剤
および下記一般式[I]; [式中R1およびR2は、水素原子、アルキル基、アラルキ
ル基またはアリール基を表わし、それぞれ同一であって
も異なっていてもよい。] で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体を含有することを特徴
とする静電荷現像用トナーに関する。Means for Solving the Problems Number average molecular weight (Mn) is 1000 to 7000, weight average molecular weight /
A binder resin having a number average molecular weight (Mw / Mn) of 40 to 70 and a Z average molecular weight / number average molecular weight (Mz / Mn) of 200 to 500, a colorant, and the following general formula [I]; [Wherein R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group, and may be the same or different. ] It is related with the toner for electrostatic charge development characterized by containing the imidazole derivative represented by these.
一般式[I]中R1またR2は水素原子、C1〜C35のアル
キル基(枝分かれしていてもよい)、ベンジルまたはフ
ェネチル等のアラルキル、、またはフェニル基等のアリ
ール基であり、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。In the general formula [I], R 1 and R 2 are a hydrogen atom, a C 1 to C 35 alkyl group (which may be branched), an aralkyl such as benzyl or phenethyl, or an aryl group such as a phenyl group; They may be the same or different.
係るイミダゾール誘導体は、トナーの荷電制御剤とし
て有用であり、特にプラス帯電性トナーの荷電制御剤と
して用いられる。Such an imidazole derivative is useful as a charge control agent for a toner, and is particularly used as a charge control agent for a positively chargeable toner.
一般式[I]で示されるイミダゾール化合物とホルム
アルデヒドを直接または適当な溶剤を用いて無機強アル
カリの触媒を用いて反応させることにより容易に合成す
ることができる。It can be easily synthesized by reacting the imidazole compound represented by the general formula [I] with formaldehyde directly or using an appropriate solvent using a strong inorganic alkali catalyst.
合成に使用される溶媒としてはメタノール、エタノー
ル、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール、エチレン
グリコールモノアルキルエーテル等のアルコール類が好
ましい。反応温度は溶剤の種類にもよるが80〜200℃が
適当である。As the solvent used for the synthesis, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether are preferable. The reaction temperature depends on the type of the solvent, but is suitably from 80 to 200 ° C.
本発明の一般式[I]で表わされる誘導体としては以
下のようなものがあるがこれに限定されるものではな
い。 Examples of the derivative represented by the general formula [I] of the present invention include the following, but are not limited thereto.
一般式[I]で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体荷電制
御剤は、公知のトナー、例えば粉砕法トナー、懸濁重合
トナー、カプセルトナー等に適用できる。一般式[I]
で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体は、係るトナーの内部
に含ませてもよいし、トナー表面に付着固定してもよ
い。 The imidazole derivative charge control agent represented by the general formula [I] can be applied to known toners, for example, a pulverized toner, a suspension polymerization toner, a capsule toner and the like. General formula [I]
The imidazole derivative represented by the formula (1) may be contained in the inside of the toner, or may be adhered and fixed on the toner surface.
内部に含ませる場合、着色剤等の添加剤に加え、さら
に本発明のイミダゾール誘導体荷電制御剤を添加して、
粉砕法トナー、懸濁重合トナー、カプセルトナー等を通
常の方法で調製すればよい。カプセルトナーの場合は、
外殻層に該荷電制御剤を含有するように調製することが
望ましい。また、荷電制御剤を外殻層の表面部に付着さ
せる態様においては、ファンデルワールス力および静電
気力の作用により上記したトナー表面に付着させた後、
機械的衝撃力などにより固定化させればよい。When included inside, in addition to additives such as colorants, further added imidazole derivative charge control agent of the present invention,
A pulverization method toner, a suspension polymerization toner, a capsule toner and the like may be prepared by an ordinary method. For capsule toner,
It is desirable to prepare the outer shell layer so as to contain the charge control agent. Further, in an embodiment in which the charge control agent is adhered to the surface portion of the outer shell layer, the charge control agent is adhered to the toner surface by the action of van der Waals force and electrostatic force,
What is necessary is just to fix by mechanical shock force etc.
このような方法において好適に用いられ得る装置とし
ては、高速気流中衝撃法を応用したハイブリダイゼーシ
ョンシステム(奈良機械製作所社製)、オングミル(ホ
ソカワミクロン社製)、メカノミル(岡田精工社製)な
どがある。しかしながら、もちろんこのような方法に限
定されるものではない。Apparatuses that can be suitably used in such a method include a hybridization system (manufactured by Nara Machinery Co., Ltd.) to which a high-speed airflow impact method is applied, an ng mill (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron), a mechanomill (manufactured by Okada Seiko), and the like. . However, it is of course not limited to such a method.
一般式[I]で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体の含有
量は、トナーの種類、トナーの添加剤、結着樹脂の種類
等により、またトナーの現像方式(二成分あるは一成
分)等により適宜選択すべきものであるが、粉砕法や懸
濁法等でトナー内部に含有させる場合は、トナー構成樹
脂100重量部に対し0.1〜20重量部、好ましくは1〜10重
量部である。0.1重量部より少ないと所望の帯電量が得
られず、20重量部より少ないと所望の帯電量が得られ
ず、20重量部より多いと帯電量が不安定になり、また定
着性が低下する。The content of the imidazole derivative represented by the general formula [I] should be appropriately selected according to the type of the toner, the additive of the toner, the type of the binder resin, and the like, and the developing method (two components or one component) of the toner. When it is contained in the toner by a pulverization method or a suspension method, the amount is 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin constituting the toner. If the amount is less than 0.1 part by weight, the desired amount of charge cannot be obtained.If the amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the desired amount of charge cannot be obtained.If the amount is more than 20 parts by weight, the amount of charge becomes unstable, and the fixability is deteriorated. .
イミダゾール誘導体をトナー表面に付着固定させて使
用する場合は、トナー粒子100重量部に対して0.001〜10
重量部、好ましくは0.05〜2重量部、さらに好ましくは
0.1〜1重量部用いる。0.001重量部より少ないとトナー
粒子表面部に存在する荷電制御剤の量が少ないため帯電
量が不足し、10重量部より多い場合、トナー表面への荷
電制御剤の付着が不十分となり、使用時にトナー表面か
らの荷電制御剤の剥離が問題となる。トナー表面に荷電
制御剤を付着固定する場合は、上記のように非常に少な
い量の使用で安定した帯電量を付与することができ、か
つ本発明のイミダゾール誘導体は白色であることとも相
俟って、帯電性能に優れかつ鮮明なカラー画像形成可能
なカラートナーを提供することが可能である。When the imidazole derivative is used by being attached and fixed to the toner surface, 0.001 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the toner particles.
Parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably
Use 0.1 to 1 part by weight. If the amount is less than 0.001 part by weight, the amount of the charge control agent present on the surface of the toner particles is small and the charge amount is insufficient.If the amount is more than 10 parts by weight, the charge control agent is not sufficiently attached to the toner surface, and The separation of the charge control agent from the toner surface poses a problem. When the charge control agent is adhered and fixed on the toner surface, a stable charge amount can be imparted by using a very small amount as described above, and the imidazole derivative of the present invention is white. Therefore, it is possible to provide a color toner which is excellent in charging performance and can form a clear color image.
一般式[I]で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体はそれ
をトナー内部に含有させる場合は5μm以下、好ましく
は3μm以下、さらに好ましくは1μm以下の粒径で使
用する。5μmより大きい粒径で使用すると、分散状態
が不均一となり、帯電量の諸特性が不均一となる。イミ
ダゾール誘導体をトナー表面に付着させる場合は1μm
以下、さらに好ましくは0.5μm以下の粒径で使用す
る。1μmより大きい粒径で使用するとトナー表面へ均
一に付着固定化するという面で不利となる。When the imidazole derivative represented by the general formula [I] is contained in the toner, it is used in a particle size of 5 μm or less, preferably 3 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less. When used with a particle size larger than 5 μm, the dispersion state becomes non-uniform, and various characteristics of the charge amount become non-uniform. 1 μm when the imidazole derivative is attached to the toner surface
The particle size is more preferably 0.5 μm or less. Use of a particle size larger than 1 μm is disadvantageous in that the toner particles are uniformly adhered and fixed to the toner surface.
本発明の荷電制御剤イミダゾール誘導体は、他の正荷
電制御剤と併用してもよい。また、帯電性の安定化を図
るため、負荷電制御剤をごく少量添加してもよい。この
ように本発明の荷電制御剤を他の荷電制御剤と併用する
場合は、その合計量が前述した使用量範囲となるように
する。The charge control agent imidazole derivative of the present invention may be used in combination with another positive charge control agent. Further, in order to stabilize the charging property, a very small amount of a negative charge control agent may be added. As described above, when the charge control agent of the present invention is used in combination with another charge control agent, the total amount thereof is set to be within the above-mentioned usage range.
正荷電制御剤としては、例えば、ニグロシンベースEX
(オリエント化学工業社製)、第4級アンモニウム塩P
−51(オリエント化学工業社製)、ニグロシン、ボント
ロンN−01(オリエント化学工業社製)、スーダンチー
フシュバルツBB(ソルベントブラック3:Color Index261
50)、フェットシュバルツHBN(C.I.No.26150)、ブリ
リアントスピリッツシュバルツTN(ファルベン.ファブ
リッケン・バイヤ社製)、ザボンシュバルツX(ファル
ベルケ.ヘキスト社製)、さらにアルコキシ化アミン、
アルキルアミド、モリブデン酸キレート顔料、などが挙
げられ、また、負荷電制御剤としては、例えば、オイル
ブラック(Color Index26150)、オイルブラックBY(オ
リエント化学工業社製)、ボントロンS−22(オリエン
ト化学工業社製)、サリチル酸金属錯体E−81(オリエ
ント化学工業社製)、イオインジゴ系顔料、銅フタロシ
アニンのスルホニルアミン誘導体、スピロンブラックTR
H(保土谷化学工業社製)、ボントロンS−34(オリエ
ント化学工業社製)、ニグロシンSO(オリエント化学工
業社製)、セレスシュバルツ(R)G(ファルベン・フ
ァブリケン・バイヤ社製)、クロモーゲンシュバルツET
OO(C.I.No.14645)、アゾオイルブラック(R)(ナシ
ョナル・アニリン社製)などが挙げられる。As the positive charge control agent, for example, Nigrosine Base EX
(Manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries), quaternary ammonium salt P
-51 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries), Nigrosine, Bontron N-01 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries), Sudan Chief Schwarz BB (Solvent Black 3: Color Index 261)
50), Fettschwarz HBN (CINo. 26150), Brilliant Spirits Schwarz TN (Farben Fabriken Bayer), Pavbon Schwarz X (Falberge Hoechst), further alkoxylated amines,
Alkyl amides, molybdate chelate pigments, and the like. Examples of the negative charge control agent include, for example, Oil Black (Color Index 26150), Oil Black BY (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries), Bontron S-22 (Orient Chemical Industries). , Salicylic acid metal complex E-81 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries), ioindigo pigment, sulfonylamine derivative of copper phthalocyanine, Spiron Black TR
H (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical), Bontron S-34 (manufactured by Orient Chemical), Nigrosine SO (manufactured by Orient Chemical), Celes Schwarz (R) G (manufactured by Farben Fabriken Bayer), black Mogen Schwarz ET
OO (CINo. 14645), Azo Oil Black (R) (manufactured by National Aniline Co., Ltd.) and the like.
トナーを構成する樹脂としては、通常トナーにおいて
結着剤として凡用されているものであれば、特に限定さ
れるものではなく、例えば、以下に示されるようなモノ
マーを重合することによって得られる。スチレン系樹脂
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂、オレフィン系樹脂、アミド系
樹脂、カーボネート樹脂、ポリエーテル、ポリスルフォ
ン、ポリエステル系樹脂、エポキシ樹脂などのような熱
可塑性樹脂、あるいは尿素樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、エポキ
シ樹脂などのような熱硬化性樹脂並びにこれらの共重合
体およびポリマーブレンドなどが用いられる。なお、本
発明の静電潜像現像用トナーにおいて用いられる合成樹
脂としては、例えば熱可塑性樹脂におけるように完全な
ポリマーの状態にあるもののみならず、熱硬化性樹脂に
おけるようにオリゴマーないしはプレポリマーの状態の
もの、さらにポリマーに一部プレポリマー、架橋剤など
を含んだものなども使用可能である。The resin constituting the toner is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a binder in a toner. For example, it can be obtained by polymerizing a monomer as shown below. Thermoplastic resin such as styrene resin (meth) acrylic resin, olefin resin, amide resin, carbonate resin, polyether, polysulfone, polyester resin, epoxy resin, or urea resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin Thermosetting resins such as, for example, and their copolymers and polymer blends are used. As the synthetic resin used in the toner for developing an electrostatic latent image of the present invention, not only those in a perfect polymer state as in a thermoplastic resin, but also oligomers or prepolymers as in a thermosetting resin In addition, those containing a prepolymer, a cross-linking agent and the like partially in the polymer can also be used.
本発明において用いられる樹脂を構成するモノマーと
して具体的には以下に挙げるようなものがある。すなわ
ちビニル系モノマーとしては、例えばスチレン、o−メ
チルスチレン、m−メチルスチレン、p−メチルスチレ
ン、p−エチルスチレン、2,4−ジメチルスチレン、p
−n−ブチルスチレン、p−tert−ブチルスチレン、p
−n−ヘキシルスチレン、p−n−オクチルスチレン、
p−n−ノニルスチレン、p−n−デシルスチレン、p
−n−ドデシルスチレン、p−メトキシスチレン、p−
フェニルスチレン、p−クロルスチレン、3,4−ジクロ
ルスチレン等のスチレンおよびその誘導体が挙げられ、
その中でもスチレンが最も好ましい。他のビニル系モノ
マーとしては、例えばエチレン系、プロピレン、ブチレ
ン、イソブチレンなどのエチレン系不飽和モノオレフィ
ン類、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、臭化ビニル、弗化
ビニルなどのハロゲン化ビニル類、酢酸ビニル、プロピ
オン酸ビニル、ベンゾエ酸ビニル、酪酸ビニルなどのビ
ニルエステル類、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチ
ル、アクリル酸n−ブチル、アクリル酸イソブチル、ア
クリル酸プロピル、アクリル酸n−オクチル、アクリル
酸ドデシル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル
酸ステアリル、アクリル酸2−クロルエチル、アクリル
酸フェニル、α−クロルアクリル酸メチル、メタクリル
酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸プロピ
ル、メタクリル酸n−ブチル、メタクリル酸イソブチ
ル、メタクリル酸プロピル、メタクリル酸n−オクチ
ル、メタクリル酸ドデシル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘ
キシル、メタクリル酸ステアリル、メタクリル酸フェニ
ル、メタクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、メタクリル酸
ジエチルアミノエチルなどのα−メチレン脂肪族モノカ
ルボン酸エステル類、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニ
トリル、アクリルアミドなどのような(メタ)アクリル
酸誘導体、ビニルメチルエーテル、ビニルエチルエーテ
ル、ビニルイソブチルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル
類、ビニルメチルケトン、ビニルヘキシルケトン、メチ
ルイソプロペニルケトンなどのビニルケトン類、N−ビ
ニルピロール、N−ビニルカルバゾール、N−ビニルイ
ンドール、N−ビニルピロリドンなどのN−ビニル化合
物、ビニルナフタリン類を挙げることができる。Specific examples of the monomers constituting the resin used in the present invention include the following. That is, examples of the vinyl monomer include styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, and p-methylstyrene.
-N-butylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, p
-N-hexylstyrene, pn-octylstyrene,
pn-nonylstyrene, pn-decylstyrene, p
-N-dodecylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-
Styrene such as phenylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene and 3,4-dichlorostyrene and derivatives thereof,
Among them, styrene is most preferred. Other vinyl monomers, for example, ethylene, propylene, butylene, ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as isobutylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl halides such as vinyl fluoride, vinyl acetate, Vinyl esters such as vinyl propionate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl butyrate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl, stearyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, α-methyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate Α-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic esters such as propyl acrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (Meth) acrylic acid derivatives such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and acrylamide; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether and vinyl isobutyl ether; vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone and methyl isopropenyl ketone , N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrole, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylindole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and vinylnaphthalenes. It is possible.
またアミド樹脂を得るモノマーとして、カプロラクタ
ム、さらに二塩基酸としては、テレフタル酸、イソフタ
ル酸、アジピン酸、マレイン酸、コハク酸、セバチン
酸、チオグリコール酸などを挙げることができ、ジアミ
ン類としては、エチレンジアミン、ジアミノエチルエー
テル、1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、1,4−ジアミノブタンな
どを挙げることができる。Further, as a monomer to obtain an amide resin, caprolactam, further as dibasic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, sebacic acid, thioglycolic acid and the like, and as the diamines, Examples include ethylenediamine, diaminoethyl ether, 1,4-diaminobenzene, and 1,4-diaminobutane.
ウレタン樹脂を得るモノマーとして、ジイソシアネー
ト類としては、p−フェニレンジイソシアネート、p−
キシレンジイソシアネート、1,4−テトラメチレンジイ
ソシアネートなどを挙げることができ、グリコール類と
しては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、
プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコールなどを
挙げることができる。As monomers for obtaining urethane resins, diisocyanates include p-phenylene diisocyanate and p-
Xylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, and the like.Examples of glycols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,
Propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and the like can be mentioned.
尿素樹脂を得るモノマーとして、ジイソシアネート類
としては、p−フェニレンジイソシアネート、p−キシ
レンジイソシアネート、1,4−テトラメチレンジイソシ
アネートなどを挙げることができ、ジアミン類として
は、エチレンジアミン、ジアミノエチルエーテル、1,4
−ジアミノベンゼン、1,4−ジアミノブタンなどを挙げ
ることができる。As a monomer for obtaining a urea resin, diisocyanates include p-phenylene diisocyanate, p-xylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, and the like.Diamines include ethylenediamine, diaminoethyl ether, 1,4
-Diaminobenzene, 1,4-diaminobutane and the like.
またエポキシ樹脂を得るモノマーとして、アミン類と
しては、エチルアミン、ブチルアミン、エチレンジアミ
ン、1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、1,4−ジアミノブタン、モ
ノエタノールアミンなどを挙げることができ、ジエポキ
シ類としては、ジグリシジルエーテル、エチレングリコ
ールジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールAジグリシ
ジルエーテル、ハイドロキノンジグリシジルエーテルな
どを挙げることができる。Examples of the monomers for obtaining the epoxy resin include amines such as ethylamine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, 1,4-diaminobenzene, 1,4-diaminobutane, and monoethanolamine.The diepoxy compounds include diglycidyl. Examples thereof include ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, and hydroquinone diglycidyl ether.
また、ポリエステル系樹脂を得るモノマーとして、ポ
リオール成分としては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレ
ングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、1,2−プロピ
レングリコール、1,3−プロピレングリコール、1,4−ブ
タンジオール、1,3−ブタンジオール、2,3−ブタンジオ
ール、1,5−ペンタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオー
ル、ネオペンチルグリコール、2−エチル1,3−ヘキサ
ンジオール、2,2,4−トリメチル−1,3−ペンタンジオー
ル、1,4−ビス(2−ヒドロキシメチル)シクロヘキサ
ン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシプロポキシフェニル)
プロパン、ビスフェノールA、水素添加ビスフェノール
A、ポリオキシエチレン化ビスフェノールAが挙げら
れ、また多塩基酸成分としてはマレイン酸、フマル酸、
メサコン酸、シトラコン酸、イタコン酸、グルタコン
酸、1,2,4−ベンゼントリカルボン酸、1,2,5−ベンゼン
トリカルボン酸などの不飽和カルボン酸類、フタル酸、
テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、コハク酸、アジピン酸、
マロン酸、セバシン酸、1,2,4−シクロヘキサントリカ
ルボン酸、1,2,5−シクロヘキサントリカルボン酸、1,
2,4−ブタントリカルボン酸、1,3−ジカルボキシ−2−
メチル−2−メチルカルボキシプロパン、テトラ(メチ
ルカルボキシ)メタンなどの飽和カルボン酸類等が挙げ
られ、あるいはこれらの酸無水物や低級アルコールとの
エステルなども用いられ得、具体的には、例えば、無水
マレイン酸、無水フタル酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル
酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、エンドメチレンテトラ
ヒドロ無水フタル酸、テトラクロロ無水フタル酸、テト
ラブロモ無水フタル酸、ジメチルテレフタレートなどを
挙げることができる。なお、本発明に用いられるポリエ
ステル系樹脂は、上記したようなポリオール成分と他塩
基酸成分とをそれぞれ1種づつ組合せて重合したものに
限られず、それぞれ複数種づつ用いて重合したものであ
ってもよく、特に多塩基酸成分としては不飽和カルボン
酸と飽和カルボン酸、あるいはポリカルボン酸とポリカ
ルボン酸無水物を組合せることが多く行なわれる。Further, as a monomer for obtaining a polyester resin, as a polyol component, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butane Diol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentane Diol, 1,4-bis (2-hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxypropoxyphenyl)
Propane, bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, polyoxyethylenated bisphenol A, and maleic acid, fumaric acid,
Unsaturated carboxylic acids such as mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, glutaconic acid, 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, phthalic acid,
Terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid,
Malonic acid, sebacic acid, 1,2,4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,
2,4-butanetricarboxylic acid, 1,3-dicarboxy-2-
Saturated carboxylic acids such as methyl-2-methylcarboxypropane and tetra (methylcarboxy) methane and the like, and acid anhydrides and esters with lower alcohols thereof can also be used. Maleic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, dimethyl terephthalate, and the like can be given. The polyester resin used in the present invention is not limited to the above-described one obtained by polymerizing the polyol component and the other basic acid component one by one in combination. Particularly, as the polybasic acid component, an unsaturated carboxylic acid and a saturated carboxylic acid, or a combination of a polycarboxylic acid and a polycarboxylic anhydride is often used.
熱可塑性樹脂にはさらに低分子量ポリオレフィン系ワ
ックスを添加することが望ましく、その量は熱可塑性樹
脂100重量部に対して1〜10重量部、好ましくは2〜6
重量部である。これら組成物に対して本発明一般式
[I]で表される化合物は、良好な正荷電性制御機能を
示し、実用上十分な帯電性を付与することができる。It is desirable to further add a low-molecular-weight polyolefin-based wax to the thermoplastic resin, the amount of which is 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 6 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin.
Parts by weight. The compound represented by the general formula [I] of the present invention exhibits a good positive charge control function with respect to these compositions, and can impart practically sufficient chargeability.
最近、より一層高速で複写できる技術が望まれてお
り、そのような高速現像に使用されるトナーにおいては
トナーの転写紙等への短時間での定着性、定着ローラー
からの分離性を向上させる必要がある。従って高速現像
時に使用され、前記したスチレン系モノマー、(メタ)
アクリル系モノマー、(メタ)アクリレート系から合成
されるホモポリマーあるいは共重合系ポリマー、または
前記したポリエステル系樹脂は、その分子量として数平
均分子量(Mn)、重量平均分子量(Mw)、Z平均分子量
(Mz)との関係が、 1,000≦Mn≦7,000 40≦Mw/Mn≦70 200≦Mz/Mn≦500 であり、数平均分子量(Mn)についてはさらに2,000≦M
n≦7,000であるものを使用することが好ましい。In recent years, there has been a demand for a technology capable of copying at higher speeds. For toner used for such high-speed development, the fixability of the toner to transfer paper or the like in a short time and the separating property from the fixing roller are improved. There is a need. Therefore, it is used at the time of high-speed development, and the styrene-based monomer (meth)
The homopolymer or copolymer polymer synthesized from an acrylic monomer, (meth) acrylate, or the above-mentioned polyester resin has a number average molecular weight (Mn), a weight average molecular weight (Mw), a Z average molecular weight (Mn). The relationship with Mz) is 1,000 ≦ Mn ≦ 7,000 40 ≦ Mw / Mn ≦ 70 200 ≦ Mz / Mn ≦ 500, and the number average molecular weight (Mn) is further 2,000 ≦ M
It is preferable to use those where n ≦ 7,000.
またトナー構成樹脂としては、耐塩ビ性、透光性カラ
ートナーとしての透光性、OHPシートとの接着性の関点
からポリエステル樹脂が注目されているが、通常ポリエ
ステル樹脂は、そのもの自体の特性として負帯電性を示
し、正帯電性トナー樹脂として用いることが困難であ
る。これらのポリエステル樹脂は、透光性トナーに用い
られる場合にはガラス転移温度が55〜70℃、軟化点が80
〜150℃の線状ポリエステルを用いることが望ましい。
またオイルレス定着用トナーとして用いる場合にはガラ
ス転移温度55〜80℃、軟化点80〜150℃、5〜20wt.%の
ゲル化成分が含有されているものが望ましい。しかし、
本発明の一般式[I]で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体
は、係るポリエステル樹脂に対しても良好な正電荷制御
性能を示し、実用上十分な帯電性を付与することができ
る。Polyester resin has attracted attention as a toner constituent resin because of its PVC resistance, translucency as a translucent color toner, and adhesiveness to OHP sheets. And it is difficult to use as a positively chargeable toner resin. These polyester resins have a glass transition temperature of 55 to 70 ° C. and a softening point of 80 when used for translucent toner.
It is desirable to use a linear polyester at ~ 150 ° C.
When used as an oilless fixing toner, a toner containing a gelling component having a glass transition temperature of 55 to 80 ° C., a softening point of 80 to 150 ° C., and 5 to 20% by weight is desirable. But,
The imidazole derivative represented by the general formula [I] of the present invention exhibits good positive charge control performance even for such a polyester resin, and can impart practically sufficient chargeability.
また本発明の一般式[I]で表されるイミダゾール誘
導体は、線状ポリエステル樹脂(A)にジイソシアネー
ト(B)を反応させて得られる線状ウレタン変性ポリエ
ステル(C)を主成分としてなる樹脂で構成されるトナ
ーにも実用上十分良好な静荷電制御能を付与することが
できる。なお、ここでいう線状ウレタン変性ポリエステ
ルは、ジカルボン酸とジオールよりなり、数平均分子量
が1000〜20000で酸価が5以下の実質的に末端基が水酸
基よりなる線状ポリエステル樹脂(A)1モル当たり、
0.3〜0.95モルのジイソシアネート(B)を反応させて
得られる線状ウレタン変性ポリエステル樹脂で(C)
で、かつ当該樹脂(C)のガラス転移温度が40〜80℃で
酸価が5以下であるものを主成分とする、ジカルボン
酸、ジオールおよびジイソシアネートは前述したものを
使用できる。The imidazole derivative represented by the general formula [I] of the present invention is a resin mainly composed of a linear urethane-modified polyester (C) obtained by reacting a linear polyester resin (A) with a diisocyanate (B). Practically sufficiently good electrostatic charge controllability can be imparted to the formed toner. The linear urethane-modified polyester referred to here is a linear polyester resin (A) 1 comprising a dicarboxylic acid and a diol, having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000, an acid value of 5 or less, and substantially having a terminal group consisting of a hydroxyl group. Per mole,
A linear urethane-modified polyester resin obtained by reacting 0.3 to 0.95 mol of diisocyanate (B) (C)
The above-mentioned dicarboxylic acids, diols and diisocyanates containing as a main component a resin (C) having a glass transition temperature of 40 to 80 ° C. and an acid value of 5 or less can be used.
本発明の静電荷現像用トナーに含有される着色剤とし
ては、以下に示すような、有機ないし無機の各種、各色
の顔料、染料が使用可能である。As the colorant contained in the toner for electrostatic charge development of the present invention, various kinds of organic or inorganic pigments and dyes as shown below can be used.
すなわち、黒色顔料としては、カーボンブラック、酸
化銅、二酸化マンガン、アニリンブラック、活性炭など
がある。That is, examples of black pigments include carbon black, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, aniline black, and activated carbon.
黄色顔料としては、黄鉛、亜鉛黄、カドミウムイエロ
ー、黄色酸化鉄、ミネラルファスチエロー、ニッケルチ
タンイエロー、ネーブルスエロー、ナフトールエロー
S、バンザーイエローG、バンザーイエロー10G、ベン
ジジンエローG、ベンジジンエローGR、キノリンエロー
レーキ、パーマネントエローNCG、タートラジンレーキ
などがある。Yellow pigments include: lead, zinc yellow, cadmium yellow, yellow iron oxide, mineral fast yellow, nickel titanium yellow, navel yellow, naphthol yellow S, banza yellow G, banza yellow 10G, benzidine yellow G, benzidine yellow GR , Quinoline Yellow Lake, Permanent Yellow NCG, Tartrazine Lake etc.
褐色顔料としては、赤色黄鉛、モリブデンオレンジ、
パーマネントオレンジGTR、ピラゾリンオレンジ、バル
カンオレンジ、インダスレンブリリアントオレンジRK、
ベンジジンオレンジG、インダスレンブリリアントオレ
ンジGKなどがある。As a brown pigment, red lead, molybdenum orange,
Permanent Orange GTR, Pyrazolin Orange, Vulcan Orange, Indus Ren Brilliant Orange RK,
Benzidine Orange G and Indus Len Brilliant Orange GK.
赤色顔料としては、ベンガラ、カドミウムレッド、鉛
丹、硫化水銀、カドミウム、パーマネントレッド4R、リ
ソールレッド、ピラゾロンレッド、ウオッチングレッ
ド、カルシウム塩、レーキレッドD、ブリリアントカー
ミン6B、エオシンレーキ、ローダミンレーキB、アリザ
リンレーキ、ブリリアントカーミン3Bなどがある。Red pigments include red iron, cadmium red, lead red, mercury sulfide, cadmium, permanent red 4R, lithol red, pyrazolone red, watching red, calcium salt, lake red D, brilliant carmine 6B, eosin lake, rhodamine lake B, Alizarin Lake, Brilliant Carmine 3B and others.
染色顔料としては、マンガン紫、ファストバイオレッ
トB、メチルバイオレットレーキなどがある。Examples of the coloring pigment include manganese violet, fast violet B, and methyl violet lake.
青色顔料としては、紺青、コバルトブルー、アルカリ
ブルーレーキ、ビクトリアブルーレーキ、フタロシアニ
ンブルー、無金属フタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニ
ンブルー部分塩素化物、ファーストスカイブルー、イン
ダスレンブルーBCなどがある。Examples of the blue pigment include navy blue, cobalt blue, alkali blue lake, Victoria blue lake, phthalocyanine blue, metal-free phthalocyanine blue, partially chlorinated phthalocyanine blue, fast sky blue, and indaslen blue BC.
緑色顔料としては、クロムグリーン、酸化クロム、ピ
グメントグリーンB、マラカイトグリーンレーキ、ファ
イナルイエローグリーンGなどがある。Green pigments include chrome green, chromium oxide, pigment green B, malachite green lake, final yellow green G, and the like.
白色顔料としては、亜鉛華、酸化チタン、アンチモン
白下、硫化亜鉛などがある。Examples of white pigments include zinc white, titanium oxide, antimony white, and zinc sulfide.
体質顔料としては、バライト粉、炭酸バリウム、クレ
ー、シリカ、ホワイトカーボン、タルク、アルミナホワ
イトなどがある。The extender includes baryte powder, barium carbonate, clay, silica, white carbon, talc, alumina white and the like.
また塩基性、酸性、分散、直接染料などの各種染料と
しては、ニグロシン、メチレンブルー、ローズベンガ
ル、キノリンイエロー、ウルトラマリンブルーなどがあ
る。Various dyes such as basic, acidic, disperse, and direct dyes include nigrosine, methylene blue, rose bengal, quinoline yellow, and ultramarine blue.
これらの着色剤は、単独であるいは複数組合せて用い
ることができるが、芯粒子に含まれる合成樹脂および外
殻層に含まれる合成樹脂100重量部に対して、1〜20重
量部、より好ましくは2〜10重量部使用することが望ま
しい。すなわち、20重量部より多いとトナーの定着性が
低下し、一方、1重量部より少ないと所望の画像濃度が
得られず、また透光性カラートナーとして用いる場合
は、着色剤としては、以下に示すような、各種、各色の
顔料、染料が使用可能である。These colorants can be used alone or in combination of two or more, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin contained in the core particles and 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin contained in the outer shell layer, more preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably It is desirable to use 2 to 10 parts by weight. That is, when the amount is more than 20 parts by weight, the fixability of the toner is reduced, while when the amount is less than 1 part by weight, a desired image density is not obtained. When used as a translucent color toner, the following colorants are used. Various pigments and dyes of various colors can be used as shown in FIG.
黄色顔料としては、C.I.10316(ナフトールエロー
S)、C.I.11710(ハンザエロー10G)、C.I.11660(ハ
ンザエロー5G)、C.I.11670(ハンザエロー3G)、C.I.1
680(バンザエローG),C.I.11730(ハンザエローG
R)、C.I.11735(ハンザエローA)、C.I.11740(ハン
ザエローRN)、C.I.12710(ハンザエローR)、C.I.127
20(ピグメントエローL)、C.I.21090(ベンジジンエ
ロー)、C.I.21095(ベンジジンエローG)、C.I.21100
(ベンジジンエローGR)、C.I.20040(パーマネントエ
ローNCG)、C.I.21220(バルカンファストエロー5)、
C.I.21135(バルカンファストエローR)などがある。As a yellow pigment, CI10316 (Naphthol Yellow S), CI11710 (Hanza Yellow 10G), CI11660 (Hanza Yellow 5G), CI11670 (Hanza Yellow 3G), CI1
680 (Banzaero G), CI11730 (Hanzaero G
R), CI11735 (Hanzaero A), CI11740 (Hanzaero RN), CI12710 (Hanzaero R), CI127
20 (pigment yellow L), CI21090 (benzidine yellow), CI21095 (benzidine yellow G), CI21100
(Benzidine Yellow GR), CI20040 (Permanent Yellow NCG), CI21220 (Vulcan Fast Yellow 5),
CI21135 (Vulcan Fast Yellow R) and the like.
赤色系顔料としては、C.I.12055(スターリンI)、
C.I.12075(パーマネントオレンジ)、C.I.12175(リソ
ールファストオレンジ3GL)、C.I.12305(パーマネント
オレンジGTR)、C.I.11725(ハンザエロー3R)、C.I.21
165(バルカンファストオレンジGG)、C.I.21110(ベン
ジジンオレンジG)、C.I.12120(パーマネントレッド4
R)、C.I.1270(パラレッド)、C.I.12085(ファイヤー
レッド、)C.I.12315(ブリリアントファストスカーレ
ット)、C.I.12310(パーマネントレッドF2R)、C.I.12
335(パーマネントレッドF4R)、C.I.12440(パーマネ
ントレッドFRL)、C.I.12460(パーマネントレッドFRL
L)、C.I.12420(パーマネントレッドF4RH)、C.I.1245
0(ライトファストレッドトーナーB)、C.I.12490(パ
ーマネントカーミンFB)、C.I.15850(ブリリアントカ
ーミン6B)などがある。CI12055 (Stalin I) as a red pigment,
CI12075 (Permanent Orange), CI12175 (Resole Fast Orange 3GL), CI12305 (Permanent Orange GTR), CI11725 (Hanzaero 3R), CI21
165 (Vulcan Fast Orange GG), CI21110 (Benzidine Orange G), CI12120 (Permanent Red 4
R), CI1270 (parared), CI12085 (firered), CI12315 (brilliant fast scarlet), CI12310 (permanent red F2R), CI12
335 (permanent red FRL), CI12440 (permanent red FRL), CI12460 (permanent red FRL)
L), CI12420 (Permanent Red F4RH), CI1245
0 (light fast red toner B), CI12490 (permanent carmine FB), CI15850 (brilliant carmine 6B) and the like.
また青色顔料としては、C.I.74100(無金属フタロシ
アニンブルー)、C.I.74160(フタロシアニンブル
ー)、C.I.74180(ファーストスカイブルー)などがあ
る。Examples of the blue pigment include CI74100 (metal-free phthalocyanine blue), CI74160 (phthalocyanine blue), and CI74180 (fast sky blue).
これらの着色剤は、単独であるいは複数組合せて用い
ることができるが。トナー粒子中に含まれる樹脂100重
量部に対して、1〜10重量部、より好ましくは2〜5重
量部使用することが望ましい。すなわち、10重量部より
多いとトナーの定着性および透光性が低下し、一方、1
重量部より少ないと所望の画像濃度が得られない虞れが
あるためである。These colorants can be used alone or in combination. It is desirable to use 1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin contained in the toner particles. That is, if the amount is more than 10 parts by weight, the fixing property and the light transmitting property of the toner are reduced.
If the amount is less than the weight part, a desired image density may not be obtained.
本発明のトナーには定着性向上のためにオフセット防
止剤を併用してもよい。オフセット防止剤としては各種
ワックス、特に低分子量ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレ
ン、あるいは酸化型のポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン等
のポリオレフィン系ワックスが好適に用いられる。さら
にこれらワックスとしては数平均分子量(Mn)が1000〜
20000、軟化点(Tm)が80〜150℃のものが好ましい。数
平均分子量Mnが1000以下、あるいはな化点Tmが80℃以下
であると、合成樹脂被覆層における合成樹脂成分との均
一な分散ができずに、トナー表面にワックスのみが溶出
して、トナーの貯蔵あるいは現像時に好ましくない結果
をもたらす恐れがあるばかりでなく、フィルミング等の
感光体汚染を引き起こす恐れがある。また数平均分子量
が20000を越える、あるいはTmが150℃を越えると樹脂と
の相溶性が悪くなるばかりでなく、耐高温オフセット性
等のワックスを含有させる効果が得られない。また、相
溶性の面から極性基を有する合成樹脂とともに用いる場
合には極性基を有するワックスが望ましい。An offset preventing agent may be used in combination with the toner of the present invention to improve fixability. As the anti-offset agent, various waxes, in particular, polyolefin waxes such as low molecular weight polypropylene and polyethylene, or oxidized polypropylene and polyethylene are preferably used. Furthermore, these waxes have a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 1000-
Those having a 20,000 and a softening point (Tm) of 80 to 150 ° C are preferred. If the number average molecular weight Mn is 1000 or less, or the conversion point Tm is 80 ° C or less, uniform dispersion with the synthetic resin component in the synthetic resin coating layer cannot be performed, and only the wax elutes on the toner surface, and the toner Not only may result in undesired results during storage or development, but also may cause photoreceptor contamination such as filming. On the other hand, if the number average molecular weight exceeds 20,000 or the Tm exceeds 150 ° C., not only does the compatibility with the resin deteriorate, but also the effect of containing a wax such as high-temperature offset resistance cannot be obtained. When used with a synthetic resin having a polar group from the viewpoint of compatibility, a wax having a polar group is desirable.
本発明のトナーには流動性向上のために、流動化剤を
添加混合してもよい。流動化剤としてはシリカ、酸化ア
ルミンヒウム、酸化チタン、シリカ・酸化アルミニウム
混合物、シリカ・酸化チタン混合物等を挙げることがで
きる。これらの物質を、内添しても良い。A fluidizing agent may be added to and mixed with the toner of the present invention in order to improve fluidity. Examples of the fluidizing agent include silica, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, a mixture of silica and aluminum oxide, and a mixture of silica and titanium oxide. These substances may be added internally.
本発明のトナーは二成分系現像剤、一成分系現像剤
(磁性および非磁性)いずれにも適用できる。二成分現
像剤として用いる場合には、キャリア粉、例えばフェラ
イトキャリア、コーティングキャリア、鉄粉キャリア・
複合荷電面を有するキャリア等公知のものを使用するこ
とができる。The toner of the present invention can be applied to both two-component developers and one-component developers (magnetic and non-magnetic). When used as a two-component developer, carrier powder such as ferrite carrier, coating carrier, iron powder carrier
A known carrier such as a carrier having a composite charged surface can be used.
本発明に係る静電荷現像用トナーを作製するには前記
本発明に係る荷電制御剤を熱可塑性樹脂及び着色剤とし
ての顔料又は染料、必要に応じて磁性材料、その他の添
加剤等をボールミルその他の混合機により十分混合して
から加熱ロール、ニーダー等の熱混練機を用いて溶融、
混和及び混練して樹脂類を互いに相溶せしめた中に顔料
又は染料を分散又は溶解せしめ、冷却固化後粉砕及び分
級して所望の平均粒径のトナーを得ることが出来る。To prepare the toner for electrostatic charge development according to the present invention, the charge control agent according to the present invention is made of a thermoplastic resin and a pigment or dye as a colorant, a magnetic material as needed, and other additives are added to a ball mill or the like. After thoroughly mixing with a mixer, heating rolls, melting using a hot kneader such as a kneader,
Pigments or dyes are dispersed or dissolved in the resin mixed with each other by mixing and kneading, followed by cooling and solidification, followed by pulverization and classification to obtain a toner having a desired average particle size.
あるいは結着樹脂溶液中に材料を分散して後、噴霧乾
燥することにより得る方法、あるいは、結着樹脂を構成
すべき単量体に所定材料を混合して懸濁液とした後に重
合させてトナーを得る重合法トナー製造法、或いはコア
材とシェル材から成るいわゆるマイクロカプセルトナー
においてコア材或いはシェル材或いはその両方に含有さ
せる方法等が応用出来る。Alternatively, a method in which the material is dispersed in a binder resin solution and then obtained by spray drying, or a method in which a predetermined material is mixed with a monomer to constitute the binder resin to form a suspension and then polymerized. A polymerization method of obtaining a toner, a method of producing a toner, a method of including a core material and / or a shell material in a so-called microcapsule toner comprising a core material and a shell material, and the like can be applied.
さらに表面層に荷電制御剤をファンデワールス力およ
び静電気力の作用により付着させた後、機械的衝撃力な
どにより固定化させる方法においても有効に利用でき
る。Further, the method can also be effectively used in a method in which a charge control agent is attached to a surface layer by the action of van der Waals force and electrostatic force, and then fixed by mechanical impact force or the like.
これらの方法により作製されたトナーは、従来公知の
手段で電子写真、静電記録及び静電印刷等における静電
荷像を顕像化するための現像用には全て使用出来る。The toners produced by these methods can be used for development for visualizing an electrostatic image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like by conventionally known means.
[実施例1](トナーA)成分 重量部 スチレン−n−ブチル 100 メタクリレート樹脂(軟化点132℃、 ガラス転移点60℃) カーボンブラック 8 (三菱化成社製:MA#8) ビスコール 550P 5 (三洋化成工業社製) 上記材料をボールミルで充分混合した後、140℃に加
熱した3本ロール上で混練した。混練物を放置冷却後、
フェザーミルを用い粗粉砕し、さらにジェットミルで微
粉砕した。その後風力分級し、平均粒径10μmの微粉末
を得た。ここで得られた粒子を(i)とする。[Example 1] (toner A) component parts by weight styrene-n-butyl 100 methacrylate resin (softening point 132 ° C, glass transition point 60 ° C) carbon black 8 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation: MA # 8) Viscol 550P 5 (Sanyo) After the above materials were sufficiently mixed by a ball mill, they were kneaded on three rolls heated to 140 ° C. After cooling the kneaded material,
Coarse pulverization was performed using a feather mill, and fine pulverization was performed using a jet mill. Thereafter, air classification was performed to obtain a fine powder having an average particle diameter of 10 μm. The particles obtained here are referred to as (i).
さらに、ここで得られた微粒子100重量部に対し、帯
電制御剤として化合物(3)を0.3重量部をヘンシェル
ミキサーに入れ、1,500rpmの回転数で2分間混合撹拌
し、着色剤含有樹脂粒子表面に化合物(3)の微小粒子
をファンデルファールスカおよび静電的に付着させた。
次に奈良機械ハイブリダイゼーションシステムNHS−1
型を用い6000rpmで3分間処理を行い、着色剤含有樹脂
粒子表面に化合物(3)を固着させ、トナーAを得た。Further, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the obtained fine particles, 0.3 part by weight of the compound (3) as a charge controlling agent was put into a Henschel mixer, and mixed and stirred at 1,500 rpm for 2 minutes to obtain a surface of the colorant-containing resin particles. The microparticles of compound (3) were vandalfaska and electrostatically attached to the sample.
Next, Nara Machine Hybridization System NHS-1
The compound (3) was fixed on the surface of the colorant-containing resin particles by performing a treatment at 6000 rpm for 3 minutes using a mold to obtain a toner A.
[実施例2](トナーB)成 分 重量部 ポリエステル樹脂 100 (花王社製:タフトンNE−382) ブリリアントカーミン6B 3 (CI15850) 化合物(4) 4 上記材料をボールミルで充分混合した後、140℃に加
熱した3本ロール上で混練した。混練物を放置冷却後、
フェザーミルを用い粗粉砕し、さらにジェットミルで微
粉砕した。その後風力分級し、平均粒径11μmの微粉末
を得た。[Example 2] (Toner B) Component Parts by weight Polyester resin 100 (manufactured by Kao Corporation: Tuftone NE-382) Brilliant Carmine 6B 3 (CI15850) Compound (4) 4 After the above materials were thoroughly mixed in a ball mill, 140 ° C. And kneaded on a heated three-roll mill. After cooling the kneaded material,
Coarse pulverization was performed using a feather mill, and fine pulverization was performed using a jet mill. Thereafter, air classification was performed to obtain a fine powder having an average particle size of 11 μm.
この得られた微粉末をトナーBとする。 The resulting fine powder is referred to as toner B.
[実施例3](トナーC)成 分 重量部 ポリエステル樹脂 100 (花王社製:NE−100) カーボンブラック 8 (三菱化成工業社製:MA#8) 低分子量酸化型ポリプロピレン 3 ビスコールTS−200(三洋化成工業社製) 化合物(10) 5 実施例2(トナーB)と同様の方法で平均粒径11μm
の微粉末を得た。この得られた微粉末をトナーCとす
る。Example 3 (Toner C) Component weight part polyester resin 100 (manufactured by Kao Corporation: NE-100) Carbon black 8 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd .: MA # 8) Low molecular weight oxidized polypropylene 3 Viscol TS-200 ( Compound (10) 5 Average particle size 11 μm by the same method as in Example 2 (Toner B)
Was obtained. The obtained fine powder is referred to as a toner C.
[実施例4](トナーD)成 分 重量部 ポリエステル樹脂 100 (花王社製:NE−382) フタロシアニン顔料 3 実施例2と同様の方法で平均粒径8μmの着色剤含有
樹脂粒子を得た。[Example 4] (Toner D) Component weight part polyester resin 100 (manufactured by Kao Corporation: NE-382) Phthalocyanine pigment 3 In the same manner as in Example 2, colorant-containing resin particles having an average particle diameter of 8 µm were obtained.
さらに、ここで得られた微粒子100重量部に対し、帯
電制御剤として化合物(9)を0.3重量部をヘンシェル
ミキサーに入れ、1,500rpmの回転数で2分間混合撹拌
し、着色剤含有樹脂粒子表面に化合物(9)の微小粒子
をファンデルファールスカおよび静電的に付着させた。
次に奈良機械ハイブリダイゼーションシステムNHS−1
型を用い6000rpmで3分間処理を行い、着色剤含有樹脂
粒子表面に化合物(9)を固着させ、トナーDを得た。Further, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the obtained fine particles, 0.3 part by weight of a compound (9) as a charge control agent was put into a Henschel mixer, and mixed and stirred at 1,500 rpm for 2 minutes to obtain a surface of the colorant-containing resin particles. The microparticles of compound (9) were electrostatically attached to Van der Vaalska.
Next, Nara Machine Hybridization System NHS-1
Using a mold at 6000 rpm for 3 minutes, the compound (9) was fixed on the surface of the colorant-containing resin particles to obtain a toner D.
[実施例5](トナーE) シード重量法により得られた単分散球状のスチレンお
よびn−ブチルメタクリレートの共重合ポリマー(平均
粒径6μm:ガラス転移温度54℃:軟化点128℃、ゲル化
成分(トルエン不溶成分)15%含有)100重量部とカー
ボンブラック(三菱化成工業社製:MA#8)8重量部を1
0ヘンシェルミキサーに入れ1500rmpの回転数で2分間
混合撹拌しポリマー粒子の表面にカーボンブラックを付
着させた。次に奈良機械ハイブリダイゼーションシステ
ムNHS−1型を用い6,000rpmで3分間の処理を行い、カ
ーボンブラックをポリマー粒子表面に固定化した。Example 5 (Toner E) Monodisperse spherical copolymer of styrene and n-butyl methacrylate obtained by a seed weight method (average particle size: 6 μm: glass transition temperature: 54 ° C .: softening point: 128 ° C., gelling component) 100 parts by weight (containing 15% of toluene-insoluble component) and 8 parts by weight of carbon black (MA # 8, manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
0 The mixture was stirred in a Henschel mixer at 1500 rpm for 2 minutes and carbon black was adhered to the surface of the polymer particles. Next, a carbon black was immobilized on the surface of the polymer particles by performing a treatment at 6,000 rpm for 3 minutes using Nara Machine Hybridization System NHS-1.
さらに上記カーボンブラックを処理したポリマー粒子
100重量部とMMA/iBMA(1:9)粒子MP−4951(綜研化学社
製:平均粒径0.2μm;ガラス転移温度85℃)10重量部を
ハイブリダイゼーションシステムの処理条件として回転
数8000rpmで5分間とする以外は上記と同様の処理によ
り樹脂コート層を設けた。さらにここで得られたポリマ
ー粒子100重量部に対し、正の荷電制御剤化合物(4)
の微小粒子0.5重量部をカーボンブラック層を形成した
上記と同様の処理を行うことにより、化合物(4)の微
小粒子トナー表面に固着させ、平均粒径6.5μm、球形
度132、変動係数8%のトナーEを得た。Polymer particles treated with the above carbon black
100 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight of MMA / iBMA (1: 9) particles MP-4951 (manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd .: average particle size: 0.2 μm; glass transition temperature: 85 ° C.) A resin coat layer was provided by the same treatment as described above except that the time was set to be minutes. Further, based on 100 parts by weight of the obtained polymer particles, a positive charge control agent compound (4)
0.5 parts by weight of the fine particles of the above were fixed to the surface of the fine particle toner of the compound (4) by performing the same treatment as described above in which the carbon black layer was formed, the average particle diameter was 6.5 μm, the sphericity was 132, and the variation coefficient was 8%. Was obtained.
[比較例1](トナーF) 実施例3(トナーC)において帯電制御剤として化合
物(10)にかえ、ニグロシン系ボントロンN−01(オリ
エント化学工業社製)5重量部に変える以外は同様の方
法で平均粒径11μmの微粒子を得た。この得られた微粒
子をトナーFとする。[Comparative Example 1] (Toner F) The same procedure as in Example 3 (Toner C) was conducted except that Compound (10) was used as a charge control agent and Nigrosine-based Bontron N-01 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries) was changed to 5 parts by weight. Fine particles having an average particle size of 11 μm were obtained by the method. The obtained fine particles are referred to as a toner F.
[比較例2](トナーG) 実施例3(トナーC)において帯電制御剤として化合
物(10)に代え下記構造式; をした2−アミノベンズイミダゾール化合物を5重量部
に変えた以外は同様の方法で平均粒径11μmの粒子を得
た。ここで得られた微粒子をトナーGとする。[Comparative Example 2] (Toner G) In Example 3 (Toner C), the following structural formula was used instead of compound (10) as a charge control agent; Particles having an average particle size of 11 μm were obtained in the same manner except that the 2-aminobenzimidazole compound was changed to 5 parts by weight. The fine particles obtained here are referred to as toner G.
[実施例6](トナーH)成分 重量部 ・熱可塑性スチレンアクリル樹脂 100 Mn:4,200 Mw:210,900 Mz:1,323,000 Mw/Mn:50.2 Mz/Mn:315 Tg:62℃ 軟化点:115℃ 酸価:25.8 ・カーボンブラック 8 (三菱化成工業社製:MA#8) ・低分子量ポリプロピレン 4 (三洋化成工業社製:ビスコール605P) ・化合物(3) 3 実施例2(トナーB)と同様の方法で平均粒径11μm
の微粉末を得る。ここで得られた微粉末をトナーHとす
る。[Example 6] (toner H) component by weight , thermoplastic styrene acrylic resin 100 Mn: 4,200 Mw: 210,900 Mz: 1,323,000 Mw / Mn: 50.2 Mz / Mn: 315 Tg: 62 ° C Softening point: 115 ° C Acid value: 25.8 ・ Carbon black 8 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd .: MA # 8) ・ Low molecular weight polypropylene 4 (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Viscol 605P) ・ Compound (3) 3 Averaged by the same method as in Example 2 (Toner B) Particle size 11μm
To obtain a fine powder of The fine powder obtained here is referred to as toner H.
[実施例7](トナーI)成分 重量部 ・熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂 100 Mn:3,400 Mw:213,400 Mz:1,183,200 Mw/Mn:62.8 Mz/Mn:348 酸価:16.7 軟化点:109℃ Tg:64℃ ・レーキレッドC 5 (大日精化工業社製) ・低分子量酸化型ポリプロピレン 5 (三洋化成工業社製:ビスコールTS−200) ・化合物(4) 3 実施例2(トナーB)と同様の方法で平均粒径11μmの
微粉末を得た。ここで得られた微粉末をトナーIとす
る。Example 7 (Toner I) 100 parts by weight of component : thermoplastic polyester resin 100 Mn: 3,400 Mw: 213,400 Mz: 1,183,200 Mw / Mn: 62.8 Mz / Mn: 348 Acid value: 16.7 Softening point: 109 ° C. Tg: 64 ° C. -Lake Red C5 (manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.)-Low molecular weight oxidized polypropylene 5 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .: Viscol TS-200)-Compound (4) 3 In the same manner as in Example 2 (Toner B) A fine powder having an average particle size of 11 μm was obtained. The fine powder obtained here is referred to as toner I.
[実施例8](トナーJ)成分 重量部 ・線状ウレタン変形ポリエステル樹脂 100 Mn:4,000 Mw:35,400 Mz/Mn:8.9 Tg:56℃ 酸価: 0.8 ・銅タロシアニン 5 (大日精化工業社製) ・低分子量ポリプロピレン 4 (三洋化成工業社製:ビスコール605P) ・化合物(4) 3 実施例2(トナーB)と同様の方法で平均粒径11μmの
微粉末を得た。ここで得られた微粉末をトナーJとす
る。[Example 8] (toner J) component parts by weight / linear urethane modified polyester resin 100 Mn: 4,000 Mw: 35,400 Mz / Mn: 8.9 Tg: 56 ° C Acid value: 0.8 ・ Copper thalocyanine 5 (manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) -Low molecular weight polypropylene 4 (Viscol 605P, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.)-Compound (4) 3 A fine powder having an average particle size of 11 µm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 (Toner B). The fine powder obtained here is referred to as toner J.
[比較例3] 実施例7において本発明における化合物の代わりにニ
グロシンベースEX(オリエント化学工業社製)3重量部
にかえる以外は同様の方法で平均粒径11μmの部粉末を
得た。ここで得られた微粉末をトナー(K)とする。Comparative Example 3 A partial powder having an average particle diameter of 11 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that 3 parts by weight of Nigrosine Base EX (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries) was used instead of the compound of the present invention. The fine powder obtained here is referred to as a toner (K).
[比較例4] 実施例8において本発明における化合物の代わり四級
アンモニウム塩P−51(オリエント化学工業社製)5重
量部にかえる以外は同様の方法で平均粒径11μmの部粉
末を得た。ここで得られた微粉末をトナー(L)とす
る。Comparative Example 4 A partial powder having an average particle size of 11 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the compound of the present invention was replaced with 5 parts by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt P-51 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries). . The fine powder obtained here is referred to as a toner (L).
[実施例9]成分 重量部 ・ポリエステル樹脂 100 Mn:3,400 Mw:213,400 Mz:1,183,200 Mw/Mn:62.8 Mz/Mn:348 酸価:16.7 軟化点:109℃ Tg:64℃ ・酸化型低分子量ポリプロピレン 5 (ポリプロピレンの熱分解生成物 160℃における粘度140cps酸価5) ・カーボンブラックMA#8 8 (三菱化成工業社製) 以上の材料を粒子(i)の調製と同様の方法で平均粒
径10.2μmの粒子を得た。[Example 9] Ingredients by weight : polyester resin 100 Mn: 3,400 Mw: 213,400 Mz: 1,183,200 Mw / Mn: 62.8 Mz / Mn: 348 Acid value: 16.7 Softening point: 109 ° C Tg: 64 ° C ・ Oxidized low molecular weight polypropylene 5 (The thermal decomposition product of polypropylene, viscosity at 160 ° C., 140 cps, acid value 5) • Carbon black MA # 88 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) μm particles were obtained.
さらに、ここで得られた微粒子100重量部に対し、帯
電制御剤として化合物(10)を0.3重量部をヘンシェル
ミキサーに入れ、1,500rpmの回転数で2分間混合撹拌
し、着色剤含有樹脂粒子表面に化合物(10)の微小粒子
をファンデルファールスカおよび静電的に付着させた。
次に奈良機械ハイブリダイゼーションシステムNHS−1
型を用い6000rpmで3分間処理を行い、着色剤含有樹脂
粒子表面に化合物(10)を固着させ、トナーMを得た。Further, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the obtained fine particles, 0.3 part by weight of the compound (10) as a charge control agent was put into a Henschel mixer, and mixed and stirred at a rotation speed of 1,500 rpm for 2 minutes. The microparticles of compound (10) were vandalfarska and electrostatically attached to the sample.
Next, Nara Machine Hybridization System NHS-1
Using a mold at 6000 rpm for 3 minutes, the compound (10) was fixed on the surface of the colorant-containing resin particles to obtain a toner M.
[比較例5] 実施例9において粒子表面に処理する帯電制御剤を化
合物(10)に代えて、ニグロシン系染料ボントロンN−
01(オリエント化学工業社製)0.3重量部とする以外は
同様の組成、方法により平均粒径10.3μmのトナーNを
得た。[Comparative Example 5] In Example 9, the nigrosine dye Bontron N- was used in place of the compound (10) as the charge control agent for treating the particle surface.
01 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd.) A toner N having an average particle diameter of 10.3 μm was obtained by the same composition and method except that the amount was 0.3 parts by weight.
[実施例10] 実施例4と同様の平均粒径8μmの着色剤含有樹脂粒
子100重量部とMMA/iBMA(1:9)粒子MP−4951(綜研科学
社製;平均粒径0.2μm、ガラス転移点85℃)15重量
部、さらに本発明による化合物(15)1重量部を奈良機
械O.M.ダイザーに入れ1200rpm回転数で2分間混合撹拌
した後、奈良機械ハイブリダイゼーションシステムNHS
−1型を用い8000rpmの回転数で5分間処理を行い、帯
電制御剤化合物(15)含有の樹脂コート層を設け、これ
をトナーOとする。[Example 10] As in Example 4, 100 parts by weight of colorant-containing resin particles having an average particle diameter of 8 µm and MMA / iBMA (1: 9) particles MP-4951 (manufactured by Soken Kagaku Co., Ltd .; average particle diameter of 0.2 µm, glass) (Transition point 85 ° C) 15 parts by weight, and 1 part by weight of the compound (15) according to the present invention are further placed in a Nara Machine OM dicer and mixed and stirred at 1200 rpm for 2 minutes, and then Nara Machine Hybridization System NHS
Using a -1 type for 5 minutes at a rotation speed of 8000 rpm, a resin coat layer containing a charge control agent compound (15) is provided.
[実施例11および実施例12] 実施例6において使用する熱可塑性樹脂を、実施例11
においては、 熱可塑性スチレン・アクリル樹脂 Mn:12,800 Mw:178,900 Mz:957,600 Mw/Mn:14.0 Mz/Mn:75 Tg:62.3℃ 軟化点:127℃ 実施例12においては 熱可塑性スチレン・アクリル樹脂 Mn:4,800 Mw:374,400 Mz:3,321,600 Mw/Mn:78 Mz/Mn:692 Tg:66.2℃ 軟化点:138℃ に変更する以外は同様の組成、製造方法により平均粒径
がそれぞれ11μmであるトナーPおよびトナーQを得
た。Example 11 and Example 12 The thermoplastic resin used in Example 6 was replaced with Example 11
In, thermoplastic styrene-acrylic resin Mn: 12,800 Mw: 178,900 Mz: 957,600 Mw / Mn: 14.0 Mz / Mn: 75 Tg: 62.3 ° C Softening point: 127 ° C In Example 12, thermoplastic styrene-acrylic resin Mn: 4,800 Mw: 374,400 Mz: 3,321,600 Mw / Mn: 78 Mz / Mn: 692 Tg: 66.2 ° C Softening point: Toner P and toner having an average particle size of 11 μm each by the same manufacturing method except for changing to 138 ° C. Q was obtained.
[キャリアの製造] トナーを後述する評価に供するため、以下のごとくバ
インダー型キャリアを製造した。成 分 重量部 ・ポリエステル樹脂 100 (花王社製:NE−1100) ・無機磁性粉 500 (戸田工業社製、EPT−1000) ・カーボンブラック 2 (三菱化成社製、MA#8) 上記材料をヘンシェルミキサーにより充分混合、粉砕
し、次いでシリンダ部180℃、シリンダヘッド部170℃に
設定した押し出し混練機を用いて、溶融、混練した。混
練物を冷却後ジェットミルで微粉砕したのち、分級機を
用いて分級し、平均粒径55μmの磁性キャリアを得た。[Manufacture of Carrier] In order to use the toner for evaluation described below, a binder-type carrier was manufactured as follows. Ingredients by weight・ Polyester resin 100 (Kao: NE-1100) ・ Inorganic magnetic powder 500 (Toda Industries, EPT-1000) ・ Carbon black 2 (Mitsubishi Kasei, MA # 8) The mixture was sufficiently mixed and pulverized by a mixer, and then melted and kneaded using an extruder kneader set at a cylinder portion of 180 ° C. and a cylinder head portion of 170 ° C. After cooling, the kneaded product was finely pulverized with a jet mill, and then classified using a classifier to obtain a magnetic carrier having an average particle size of 55 μm.
[粒径測定]なお、トナーおよびキャリアの粒径測定は
以下のように行なった。[Measurement of Particle Size] The particle sizes of the toner and the carrier were measured as follows.
(1)キャリア粒径 キャリア粒径は、マイクロトラツクモデル7995−10SR
A(日機装社製を用い測定し、その平均粒径を求めた。(1) Carrier particle size Carrier particle size is microtrack model 7995-10SR
A (measured using Nikkiso Co., Ltd., and the average particle size was determined.
(2)トナー粒径 トナー平均粒径の測定は、コールタカウンタII(コー
ルタカウンタ社製)を用い、100μmのアパチャーチュ
ーブで粒径別相対重量分布を測定することにより求め
た。(2) Toner Particle Size The toner average particle size was measured by using a Coulter Counter II (manufactured by Coulter Counter Co.) and measuring the relative weight distribution by particle size using a 100 μm aperture tube.
諸特性に対する評価の方法 このようにして得られた実施例1〜12および比較例1
〜5のトナーA〜Qに対して以下に述べるように諸特性
の評価を行なった。なお、各トナー100重量部に対して
コロイダルシリカR−972(日本アエロジル社製):0.1
重量部で後処理を行い、諸特性に対する評価に用いた。Evaluation method for various properties Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Example 1 thus obtained
Various characteristics were evaluated for the toners A to Q of Nos. 1 to 5 as described below. The amount of colloidal silica R-972 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.): 0.1 with respect to 100 parts by weight of each toner.
Post-processing was performed in parts by weight and used for evaluating various properties.
帯電量(Q/M)および飛散量 ここで表面処理されたトナー2gと上記したキャリア28
gと50ccのポリ瓶に入れ回転架台にのせて1200rpmで回転
させたときのトナーの帯電量の立ち上がりを調べるため
に、10分間撹拌後の帯電量を測定し、またその時の飛散
量を調べた。また同様にトナーとキャリアをポリ瓶に入
れ、35℃、相対湿度85%下に24時間保管後の帯電量およ
び飛散量を測定し耐湿性も調べた。Charge amount (Q / M) and scattering amount 2 g of the surface-treated toner and the carrier 28
In order to check the rise of the charge amount of the toner when put in a plastic bottle of g and 50 cc and put on a rotating frame and rotated at 1200 rpm, the charge amount after stirring for 10 minutes was measured, and the scattering amount at that time was also examined . Similarly, the toner and the carrier were put in a plastic bottle, and the amount of charge and the amount of scattering after storage at 35 ° C. and a relative humidity of 85% for 24 hours were measured to examine the moisture resistance.
飛散量測定は、デジタル粉塵計P5H2型(柴田化学社
製)で測定した。前記粉塵計とマグネットロールを10cm
離れたところに設置し、このマグネットロールの上に現
像剤2gをセットした後、マグネットを2000rpmで回転さ
せたとき発塵するトナーの粒子を前記粉塵計が粉塵とし
て読み取って、1分間のカウント数cpmで表示する。こ
こで得られた飛散量が300cpm以下を○、500cpm以下を
△、500cpmより多い場合×として3段階の評価を行っ
た。△ランク以上で実用上使用可能であるが○が望まし
い。帯電量および飛散量の測定結果を表1に示す。The scattering amount was measured with a digital dust meter P5H2 type (manufactured by Shibata Chemical Co., Ltd.). 10cm of the dust meter and magnet roll
After setting 2 g of developer on this magnet roll and rotating the magnet at 2000 rpm, the dust meter reads the toner particles that are generated as dust when the magnet is rotated at 2000 rpm, and counts the counts per minute. Display in cpm. A three-step evaluation was performed, in which the obtained scattering amount was 300 cpm or less, 以下, 500 cpm or less, Δ, and when it was more than 500 cpm, x. Although it can be practically used at the rank of Δ or higher, ○ is desirable. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the charge amount and the scattering amount.
画出し評価 表1に示す所定のトナー及び上記キャリアをトナー/
キャリア=7/93の割合で混合し、2成分系現像剤を調製
した。この現像剤を用い、実施例1〜12、比較例1〜5
に対し、EP−470Z(システムスピード18cm/sec;ミノル
タカメラ社製)を持いて表1に示す各種画像評価を行っ
た(ただし、実施例2、4および10に対してはEP−470Z
(ミノルタカメラ社製)の定着器をオイル塗布方式に改
良したものを用いた)。Evaluation of Image Deposition The predetermined toner shown in Table 1 and the above carrier were
Carrier was mixed at a ratio of 7/93 to prepare a two-component developer. Using this developer, Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5
, And various image evaluations shown in Table 1 were carried out using EP-470Z (system speed 18 cm / sec; manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.).
(A fixing device manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.) modified to an oil application method was used.)
1)画像上のかぶり 前記した通り各種トナー及びキャリアの組み合せにお
いて、上記複写機を用いて画出しを行った。画像上のか
ぶりについては、白地画像上のトナーかぶりを評価し、
ランク付けを行った。△ランク以上で実用上使用可能で
あるが、○以上が望ましい。1) Fogging on Image In the combination of various toners and carriers as described above, image formation was performed using the above copying machine. For the fog on the image, evaluate the toner fog on the white background image,
The ranking was performed. Although it can be practically used at the rank of Δ or higher, it is preferable that the rank is at least ○.
2)耐刷テスト B/W比6%のチャートを用い10万枚の耐刷テストを行
い画像およびかぶりの評価を行った。結果を表1に示し
た。表中○は実用上使用可能領域であり、×は実用上問
題となる領域であることを意味する。2) Printing durability test A printing durability test of 100,000 sheets was performed using a chart having a B / W ratio of 6%, and the image and fog were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. In the table, ○ means a practically usable area, and × means a practically problematic area.
3)透光性 実施例2、4および10においては、透光性テストも行
った。3) Translucency In Examples 2, 4 and 10, a translucency test was also performed.
透光性はOHPシート上の定着画像をOHPプロジェクター
にて投影した際の投影像における色の鮮やかさを目視に
より評価した。結果を表1に示した。表中○は色再現面
で実用上使用可能領域を意味する。The translucency was visually evaluated for the color vividness of the projected image when the fixed image on the OHP sheet was projected by the OHP projector. The results are shown in Table 1. In the table, ○ means a practically usable area in terms of color reproduction.
耐湿テスト EP−470Z装置を35℃、85%(相対湿度)の高湿化に24
時間保存した後、画像評価、帯電量および飛散量測定を
行なった。Moisture resistance test Use EP-470Z equipment for high humidity of 85% (relative humidity) at 35 ℃.
After storage for a time, the image evaluation, the charge amount and the scattering amount were measured.
結果を表1に示した。表中の記号は上記各評価で示し
たものと同じ意味である。The results are shown in Table 1. The symbols in the table have the same meaning as those shown in the above evaluations.
高速定着性 実施例6、7、9、11および12について以下のように
高速定着性を評価した。High-speed fixability High-speed fixability of Examples 6, 7, 9, 11, and 12 was evaluated as follows.
テフロン系の樹脂をコートした60Φの定着ローラーと
その下にLTVゴムローラーを圧力100kgをかけて圧接した
定着器を45cm/secの速度でトナーを定着したときの高温
オフセット、低温オフセットの発生温度および175℃で
定着したときのID1.2およびID0.6定着強度を求めた。The temperature at which high-temperature offset and low-temperature offset occur when a 60 Φ fixing roller coated with Teflon resin and a fixing device pressed under pressure by applying an LTV rubber roller under pressure of 100 kg and fixing the toner at a speed of 45 cm / sec. The fixing strength of ID1.2 and ID0.6 at the time of fixing at 175 ° C. was determined.
高温オフセットとは、熱ロールに接したトナーが溶融
し軟化してローラーに付着したトナーが2回転目にコピ
ー紙に転写する現像で、一方、低温オフセットとは熱ロ
ールによりトナーが十分溶融せず表面のみ溶けたので、
紙への定着がほとんどなく熱ロールに付着したトナーが
2回転目にい、コピー紙に転写する現象である。High-temperature offset is the development in which the toner in contact with the hot roll melts and softens, and the toner attached to the roller is transferred to copy paper in the second rotation. On the other hand, low-temperature offset is the toner in which the toner is not sufficiently melted by the hot roll. Since only the surface melted,
This is a phenomenon in which the toner adhering to the heat roll with little fixation on the paper is present at the second rotation and is transferred to the copy paper.
IDとは、画像濃度をサクラ煩瑣濃度計で図値である。 The ID is a figure value of the image density measured by a Sakura simple densitometer.
ID1.2で80%以上、ID0.6で70%以上の強度が必要であ
る。また非オフセット幅は100℃以上が必要である。80% or more is required for ID1.2 and 70% or more for ID0.6. The non-offset width must be 100 ° C or more.
定着強度はコピーした画像を砂ケシゴムの上に1kg荷
重をのせた特性の装置でこすってトナー画像を消す。こ
のとき砂ケシゴムでこする前後の反射温度の比を100分
率で表した。As for the fixing strength, the copied image is rubbed with a device having a characteristic of applying a load of 1 kg on sand poppy rubber to erase the toner image. At this time, the ratio of the reflection temperature before and after rubbing with sand poppy rubber was expressed as a percentage.
上記評価において 実用上使用可能領域にあるものを、○ 使用できないものを × で表した。 In the above evaluation, those in the practically usable area were indicated by ○, and those that could not be used were indicated by ×.
発明の効果 本発明のイミダゾール誘導体を含むトナーは、安定か
つ均一な帯電量を示し、また長時間連続的に使用しても
トナー凝集あるいは画像上のカブリ、トナー飛散等が生
じない。 Effects of the Invention The toner containing the imidazole derivative of the present invention exhibits a stable and uniform charge amount, and does not cause toner aggregation, fogging on an image, toner scattering, etc. even when used continuously for a long time.
本発明のイミダゾール誘導体の使用により、負帯電性
の樹脂で構成されるトナーをも、上記効果を損なう事な
く正帯電で使用することができる。By using the imidazole derivative of the present invention, a toner composed of a negatively chargeable resin can be used in a positively charged state without impairing the above effects.
本発明によると、上記特性を維持し、かつ色再現性あ
るいは透光性に優れたカラートナーを得ることができ
る。According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a color toner which maintains the above characteristics and is excellent in color reproducibility or translucency.
本発明のイミダゾール誘導体は高速現像用トナーにも
適用できる。The imidazole derivative of the present invention can be applied to a toner for high-speed development.
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平1−262555(JP,A) 特開 平2−18570(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) G03G 9/097 G03G 9/087Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-262555 (JP, A) JP-A-2-18570 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) G03G 9 / 097 G03G 9/087
Claims (3)
均分子量/数平均分子量(Mw/Mn)が40〜70、Z平均分
子量/数平均分子量(Mz/Mn)が200〜500である結着樹
脂、着色剤および下記一般式[I]; [式中R1およびR2は、水素原子、アルキル基、アラルキ
ル基またはアリール基を表わし、それぞれ同一であって
も異なっていてもよい。] で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体を含有することを特徴
とする静電荷現像用トナー。(1) A number average molecular weight (Mn) of 1,000 to 7000, a weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight (Mw / Mn) of 40 to 70, a Z average molecular weight / number average molecular weight (Mz / Mn) of 200 to 500. A binder resin, a coloring agent and the following general formula [I]; [Wherein R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group, and may be the same or different. ] The toner for electrostatic charge development characterized by containing the imidazole derivative represented by these.
150℃であるポリエステル樹脂からなる結着樹脂、着色
剤および下記一般式[I]; [式中R1およびR2は、水素原子、アルキル基、アラルキ
ル基またはアリール基を表わし、それぞれ同一であって
も異なっていてもよい。] で表わされるイミダゾール誘導体を含有することを特徴
とする静電荷現像用トナー。2. A glass transition temperature of 55 to 70 ° C. and a softening point of 80 to
A binder resin composed of a polyester resin at 150 ° C., a colorant, and the following general formula [I]; [Wherein R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group, and may be the same or different. ] The toner for electrostatic charge development characterized by containing the imidazole derivative represented by these.
載の静電荷現像用トナー。3. The toner according to claim 1, further comprising an anti-offset agent.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63239431A JP2841384B2 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1988-09-22 | Electrostatic toner |
DE3931714A DE3931714C2 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1989-09-22 | Toners for developing electrostatic latent images comprising specified imidazoles |
US07/410,891 US5098811A (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1989-09-22 | Ioner for developing electrostatic latent image comprising specified imidazoles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63239431A JP2841384B2 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1988-09-22 | Electrostatic toner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0287164A JPH0287164A (en) | 1990-03-28 |
JP2841384B2 true JP2841384B2 (en) | 1998-12-24 |
Family
ID=17044673
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63239431A Expired - Lifetime JP2841384B2 (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1988-09-22 | Electrostatic toner |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2841384B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2695527B2 (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1997-12-24 | シャープ株式会社 | Electrophotographic developer |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0810364B2 (en) * | 1988-04-13 | 1996-01-31 | 四国化成工業株式会社 | Positively charged toner |
JPH0789239B2 (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1995-09-27 | 四国化成工業株式会社 | Positively charged toner |
-
1988
- 1988-09-22 JP JP63239431A patent/JP2841384B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0287164A (en) | 1990-03-28 |
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