JP2839988B2 - Laminated rubber bearing - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated rubber bearing used for seismic isolation of a structure or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a basic material for protecting a structure such as a building from an earthquake, a laminated rubber bearing 1 as shown in FIG. 5 has been put to practical use. This is a structure in which rubber-like elastic plates 2 such as natural rubber and synthetic rubber and rigid plates 3 such as steel plates are alternately laminated, and mounting plates 4 are arranged above and below, and as shown in FIG. 5 is used as a cushioning material for supporting the foundation 5 so as to float from the foundation 6.

The seismic isolation is possible with the above structure because the ratio of vertical spring rigidity / horizontal spring rigidity of the laminated rubber support 1 is very large. That is, due to the large vertical spring rigidity,
It supports the heavy structure 5 stably without moving up and down,
In addition, the structure 5 can be vibrated in the horizontal direction by the small horizontal spring stiffness. Since the horizontal spring stiffness is small, the natural frequency in the horizontal direction is longer than that of the maximum amplitude component of the shear wave of the seismic motion causing the destruction, and causes the ground to perform a low-speed translational motion when an earthquake occurs. This reduces the input acceleration of the earthquake and protects the structure 5.

Conventionally, the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 of the laminated rubber support 1 have been bonded. However, in this structure, when the laminated rubber bearing 1 is greatly deformed in the horizontal direction due to a large earthquake, the peripheral portion of the rubber-like elastic plate 2 is in a high tension state, reaches the yield region and is hardened, and the horizontal spring stiffness is increased. And the seismic isolation performance is reduced, and this high tension part triggers the fracture, and the fracture progresses at once.

The reason why the peripheral portion is in a high tension state is as follows. When a heavy structure 5 is loaded, the rubber-like elastic plate 2 sandwiched between the rigid plates 3 tends to bulge laterally,
This is suppressed in a state where the peripheral edge portion is stretched. In this state, if there is a large horizontal displacement, the amount of extension of the peripheral portion pulled by the rigid plate 3 further increases, and ultimately a maximum tensile load is applied to the peripheral portion.

[0006] In order to solve this problem, the applicant has laminated the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 in a non-adhesive state, and fixed the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 by a large frictional force generated by the weight of the loaded structure 5. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-153137). This is because the peripheral edge of the rubber-like elastic plate 2 is not adhered and is not restrained by the rigid plate 3, and therefore, at the time of large deformation, the peripheral edge of the rubber-like elastic plate 2 performs a rolling motion with respect to sliding of the upper and lower rigid plates 3. And substantially enlarge the free surface exposed to the external space, relieve stress concentration and eliminate hardening. Thereby, the horizontal spring stiffness is maintained substantially constant even during large deformation, and the occurrence of cracks in the rubber-like elastic plate 2 during large deformation is eliminated, thereby improving the seismic isolation performance and durability of the laminated rubber bearing 1. be able to. In addition, due to the non-adhesive structure, the assembly is merely required to be positioned and stacked, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0007]

The improved laminated rubber bearing 1 has a structure that is easy to manufacture and can improve the characteristics and extend the service life. Mutual deformations become non-uniform due to partial accumulation, which may reduce performance.

The improved laminated rubber bearing body 1 can maintain a fixed state by a frictional force due to the weight of the structure 5 to be loaded against a small or medium-sized earthquake, and there is no practical problem at all. However, in the case of a large-scale earthquake, since the amount of deformation in the horizontal direction becomes considerably large, the rubber-like elastic plate 2 approaches the hardening region (hardened region), and the viscous resistance and frictional resistance of the rubber decrease. As a result, a small slip occurs between the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3. Although this slip is a very preferable behavior from the viewpoint of preventing the peripheral portion from hardening, there is a problem that residual deformation is accumulated with repeated large deformation, and seismic isolation performance deviates from a design expected value.

In view of the above, the present invention expands the elastic behavior range for repeated large deformation while minimizing the occurrence of residual deformation while maintaining the above-mentioned features of the improved laminated rubber bearing which is laminated without bonding. The purpose is to provide a structure to obtain.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a laminated rubber in which a rubber-like elastic plate and a rigid plate are alternately laminated in a non-adhered state, and the structure is mounted so as to be swingable in a horizontal direction. The following is provided as the structure of the support.

[0011] A thin rubber-like elastic plate is adhered to the surface of the rigid plate that comes into contact with the rubber-like elastic plate, and the rigid plate and the rubber-like elastic plate are brought into contact by friction between rubbers.

A laminated body of a rubber-like elastic plate and a rigid plate is provided with a through hole in a vertical direction, and a columnar elastic body that exerts a restoring action is embedded therein.

[0013] A through hole is provided in a portion of each rigid plate that protrudes laterally from the rubber-like elastic plate at a position where the position matches when viewed in the laminating direction, and a position regulating rod is slidably inserted through the through hole. The position is regulated so that the amount of sliding during horizontal deformation is equally divided by each rigid plate.

[0014]

[0015] In the configuration described above - in combination of two or more, constituting the laminate of the rubber-like elastic plates and the rigid plate.

[0016]

[Function] All of the above configurations are seismic isolation operations for large seismic isolation. Even if the laminated rubber bearing is greatly deformed in the horizontal direction, the slip between each plate is equalized and the shape is maintained to maintain the shape. Guarantee long-term stabilization.

In the configuration described above, the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 are brought into contact with each other by the adhesive force and the frictional force between the rubbers, and a considerably large fixing force acts as compared with the frictional force between the rubber and the steel plate. Therefore, even if the rubber-like elastic plate approaches the hardening region (hardened region) due to large deformation, a sufficient fixing force is exerted to maintain the shape of the laminated rubber support.

In the structure of (1), since the elastic body penetrating through the laminated body of the rigid plate and the rubber-like elastic plate gives a restoring force, even if it is largely deformed in the horizontal direction, it is possible to prevent a change in the overall shape.

In the configuration (1), the position holding rods penetrating the plurality of rigid plates in the vertical direction restrict the position of the rigid plates while equally sliding in accordance with the horizontal deformation while equally dividing the sliding amount of each rigid plate. Thereby, accumulation of partial residual deformation between the rigid plates is prohibited, and a change in the overall shape can be prevented.

[0020]

According to the configuration (1), the shape retaining effect is further enhanced by combining two or more types of the above configurations.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

In the first invention (the above-described configuration), as shown in FIG. 1, a rubber sheet as a thin rubber-like elastic plate 7 is bonded to a steel plate as a rigid plate 3. When the rubber sheet 7 having this structure is applied by vulcanization bonding, the bonding strength is high and the rubber sheet 7 is difficult to peel off. Adhesion may be performed only on the portion that comes into contact with the rubber-like elastic plate 2, but if the entire surface is covered as shown in the figure, the corrosion resistance of the rigid plate 3 can be improved, and the life can be improved from this aspect as well. The assembly as the laminated rubber support 1 is performed by combining the rigid plate 3 and the rubber-like elastic plate 2 covered with the rubber sheet 7 in this manner.
It suffices to simply position and alternately laminate, and the good assemblability, which is one of the characteristics of the non-adhesive type, can be utilized as it is.
In this structure, since the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 come into contact with each other due to the frictional sliding of rubber to rubber, a large fixing force can be obtained even in the case of large deformation, and shape deformation can be prevented.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the second invention (the above-described configuration), a laminated body of the rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 is provided with a through hole 9 in a vertical direction, and a columnar elastic body is provided inside the through-hole 9. 8 is embedded. The columnar elastic body 8 allows the laminated rubber bearing 1 to move in the horizontal direction while giving a restoring force to the laminated rubber bearing 1 particularly during a large deformation. For example, a rubber rod shown in FIG. A conventional laminated rubber bearing (not shown) in which the elastic plate and the rigid plate are laminated in an adhesive state can be used. To assemble the laminated rubber support 1, a rubber-like elastic plate having a hole formed in the center and a rigid plate are positioned and laminated, and a columnar elastic body 8 is press-fitted into a through hole 9 formed therein. Alternatively, a rubbery elastic plate and a rigid plate having holes are alternately fitted one by one into the elastic body 8. The elastic body 8 in the illustrated example is a rubber rod in which steel end plates 10 are fixed to both end surfaces of a single body of a rubber rod. In order to surely control the shape, this end plate 10 is attached to a step portion provided on the mounting plate 4. It is fitted and fixed with bolts 11.

The third invention (the above configuration) is intended to regulate the amount of sliding of the rigid plate 3 when the laminated rubber bearing 1 is deformed in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. In the portion that protrudes laterally from the rubbery elastic plate 2 of 3,
A through-hole 12 overlapping in the stacking direction is provided.
2, a position regulating rod 13 is slidably inserted.

In this structure, the upper and lower mounting plates 4 slide during deformation in the horizontal direction, and the creepage distance of the side surface of the laminate changes. Therefore, the position of all the rigid plates 3 cannot be regulated by one position regulating rod 13. Therefore, the position regulating rod 13 is divided into a member for regulating the position of the upper rigid plate 3 and a member for regulating the position of the lower rigid plate 3, and one end of each is connected to the mounting plate 4 by a flexible joint 14. . The length of each position regulating rod 13 is such that the free end does not reach the opposing mounting plate 4 in a state without deformation and the rigid end is in the middle position even when the free end is deformed to the maximum in the horizontal direction. It should be longer than 3. In addition, this position regulating rod 1
For 3, adopt telescopic telescopic structure,
If both ends are connected to the mounting plate 4, it is not necessary to divide the upper and lower portions as in the illustrated example, and the position of all the rigid plates 3 can be regulated by one.

The position regulating rods 13 are, for example, steel rods, and a plurality thereof are provided around the rigid plate 3 (not shown). Flexible joint 14
Means that the position restricting rod 13 is provided in the rigid plate 3 within a predetermined range of the through hole 1.
2 slides and stops at one end so as not to deviate therefrom. In the illustrated example, flexible rubber is used.

According to the structure of the third aspect of the present invention, when the position regulating rod 13 penetrating through the rigid plate 3 is deformed in the horizontal direction, the position regulating rod 13 has a ratio corresponding to the position of the rigid plate 3 in the vertical direction. The amount of sliding is regulated so that it moves with no deformation, and no residual deformation occurs even during large deformation.

[0029]

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the above first configuration is provided.
By combining two or more of the configurations of the third to third aspects, all combinations are possible. For example, if a structure for embedding a columnar elastic body 9 to the second invention is a laminated rubber in bearings, combined with another aspect of the present invention, the center of FIG. 1, a rubber-like elastic plate 2 and the rigid plate 3 in the structure of FIG. 3 parts may I open a hole in the case where a structure using the position regulating rod 13 is a third aspect of the invention, combined with another aspect of the present invention, FIG. 1, through a predetermined position of the rigid plate 3 in the structure of FIG hole 12 May be provided.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the parts for different parts are combined, the shape retaining effect can be enhanced.

With respect to the first to third aspects of the present invention, a rubber-like elastic plate 3 having a thickness of 7 mm and a lamination number of 10 was manufactured, and the behavior with respect to large deformation was measured. confirmed. With the structure of these production examples,
Assuming that the number of laminated rubber-like elastic plates is 1, even if a horizontal displacement of 70 mm is given, a sufficient shape restoring property can be obtained without losing the spring characteristics required for seismic isolation. In addition, it has been confirmed that when the number of laminations is plural, the same performance can be obtained even with a horizontal displacement of four times or more of the total rubber thickness.

[0033]

According to the present invention, a rubber-type elastic rubber plate and a rigid plate are laminated in a non-adhesive state, and the rubber-like elastic plate and the rigid plate are fixed to each other by a frictional force depending on a load. Slip between the elastic plate and the rigid plate can be minimized, and shape resilience can be ensured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first configuration of the present invention in which a thin rubber sheet is vulcanized and bonded to a rigid plate.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a second configuration of the present invention in which a columnar elastic body is embedded in the center of a laminated rubber bearing.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a third configuration of the present invention for restricting horizontal movement of a rigid plate.

FIG. 4 is a side view (a) and a plan view (b) showing a general structure of a laminated rubber bearing.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a seismic isolation structure using a laminated rubber bearing for a building.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A laminated rubber bearing body comprising a rubber-like elastic plate and a rigid plate alternately laminated and supporting a heavy object so as to be capable of swinging in a horizontal direction, wherein the rubber-like elastic plate and the rigid plate are A laminated rubber bearing, wherein lamination is performed in a non-adhered state, and a thin rubber-like elastic plate is adhered to a contact surface of the rigid plate with the rubber-like elastic plate. 2. A laminated rubber bearing body configured by alternately stacking rubber-like elastic plates and rigid plates, and for mounting and supporting a heavy object so as to be swingable in a horizontal direction. A laminated rubber bearing, wherein lamination is performed in a non-adhered state, a vertical through-hole is provided in the laminated body, and a columnar elastic body is embedded in the through-hole. 3. A laminated rubber bearing body comprising a rubber-like elastic plate and a rigid plate alternately laminated and supporting a heavy object so as to be capable of swinging in a horizontal direction, wherein the rubber-like elastic plate and the rigid plate Lamination is performed in a non-adhered state, and a through-hole is provided in a portion of each rigid plate that protrudes laterally from the rubber-like elastic plate so as to overlap in the laminating direction, and a position regulating rod is slidably inserted through the through-hole. A laminated rubber bearing body wherein horizontal displacement during seismic isolation operation is regulated so that each rigid plate is equally divided. 4. A consists of rubber-like elastic plates and rigid plates are laminated alternately, the laminated rubber bearing body swingably mounted support heavy horizontally, according to claims 1 to 3 A laminated rubber bearing comprising a combination of two or more of the above structures.