JP2832507B2 - Vertical double-head grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical double-headed grinding machine, and more particularly, to a grinding technique for grinding both end faces of a workpiece held by a carrier while oscillating the workpiece between upper and lower grinding wheels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A general configuration of a vertical double-headed grinding machine is such that a carrier for holding a workpiece can pass or be inserted between the grindstone surfaces of a pair of upper and lower grinding wheels opposed to each other. In order to obtain a high degree of flatness and parallelism at both ends of the object to be ground, the present applicant has already proposed a structure as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). Gazette).

In the structure shown in FIG. 8A, a base end of a carrier a is attached to an upper end of a rotatable carrier shaft b, and the carrier shaft b is linked to a carrier driving unit (not shown). A work holding jig c for holding the workpiece W is rotatably provided on the carrier a, and an outer peripheral gear d of the work holding jig c is provided.
Is, through an intermediate gear e, a pinion g of the work rotating shaft f.
Is linked to The work rotation shaft f is provided concentrically and rotatably inside the carrier shaft b, and is linked to a work drive unit (not shown). “h” indicates a guide roller that rotationally guides the work holding jig c.

The work wheel W is rotated from the work exchange position (solid line position) by the rotation of the carrier a by the carrier drive unit, while being rotated together with the work holding jig c by the work drive unit. It is supplied to the grinding position (i.e., the position indicated by the two-dot chain line) between i and j, and the both ends are ground while being oscillated at this grinding position. When the grinding of one workpiece W is completed,
Due to the rotation of the carrier a by the carrier driving unit, the workpiece W is returned to the workpiece exchange position again, the rotation is stopped, and the workpiece W is exchanged (loaded / unloaded) with a new workpiece W. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated.

In the structure shown in FIG. 8 (b), the center of the carrier a is attached to the upper end of a rotatable carrier shaft b, and the carrier shaft b is linked to a carrier driving section (not shown). . On both sides of the carrier a, a pair of work holding jigs c, c for holding the workpiece W are rotatably provided, and these work holding jigs c, c are respectively connected to the transmission chains k. Is connected to the drive wheel 1 of the work rotating shaft f. These work rotation shafts f, f are rotatably provided inside the carrier shaft b, and are respectively linked to work drive units (not shown).

The workpiece W held by one of the work holding jigs c by the rotation of the carrier a by the carrier driving unit is moved to the grinding position between the rotating grinding wheels i and j (the right position in the drawing). Then, while being rotated together with the work holding jig c by the work drive unit, both ends are ground. At this time, the other work holding jig c is rotated to the work exchange position (the left position in the drawing), and the rotation is stopped. During this time, the loading / unloading of the workpiece W is performed. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated.

[0007]

However, the former FIG.
In the structure shown in (a), as described above, the workpiece W
Is extremely high in grinding accuracy, but the carrier a has only a single work holding jig c. Therefore, when the workpiece W is loaded and unloaded, grinding is performed. Is interrupted, and there is a loss in the grinding cycle time.

On the other hand, in the latter structure shown in FIG. 8B, as described above, the carrier a is provided with the pair of work holding jigs c and c and held by one of the work holding jigs c. While the workpiece W is being ground, the loading and unloading of the workpiece W to and from the other workpiece holding jig c are performed. Therefore, although there is no loss in the grinding cycle time, the workpiece W at the workpiece replacement position side is not damaged. The loading / unloading operation needs to be performed while the carrier a is stopped, which makes it impossible to oscillate the workpiece W at the grinding position.
Grinding accuracy is slightly inferior to the former.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and has as its object to perform grinding while rotating and oscillating a workpiece, while simultaneously performing grinding. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical double-headed grinding machine capable of ensuring high grinding accuracy and shortening a grinding cycle time by adopting a structure for carrying in / out a workpiece.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a vertical double-ended grinding machine according to the present invention comprises at least two carrier means for rotatably holding a workpiece and oscillating by independent driving means, An index means for indexing these carrier means to a grinding position between the two grinding wheels and a work exchange position outside the grinding wheels is provided.

[0011]

In the present invention, for example, a pair of carrier means are disposed oppositely on the opposite side with respect to the index axis of the index means, and one carrier means is located at a grinding position between the upper and lower grinding wheels. While the workpiece held by the means is being ground, the other carrier means is located at a workpiece changing position outside the grinding wheel,
The loading / unloading of the workpiece to / from the carrier means is performed.

In this case, since the two carrier means have independent driving means, the workpiece held by the carrier means at the grinding position is ground while rotating and oscillating.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a vertical double-ended grinding machine according to the present invention. Specifically, the vertical double-ended grinding machine simultaneously grinds both surfaces of a workpiece W by an oscillating infeed method. A pair of grinding wheels 1 and 2, two carrier devices (carrier means) 3A and 3B, an index device (index means) 4, a work exchange device (work exchange device) 5, and a control device (control means) 6 are configured as main parts. Have been. Hereinafter, each device will be sequentially described.

A. Grinding Wheels 1 and 2: Both grinding wheels 1 and 2 are so-called cup-type grinding wheels, and their grinding surfaces 1a and 2
a are respectively flat surface ground surfaces and are arranged so as to be opposed to and parallel to each other. The rotating spindles 10 and 11 of the grinding wheels 1 and 2 are respectively linked to a spindle motor as a rotary drive source via a power transmission mechanism such as a gear mechanism (not shown), and are connected to a lifting device such as a lifting cylinder. Are linked. And these two grinding wheels 1,
Numerals 2 are capable of rotating and raising and lowering independently of each other, so that the upper grinding wheel 1 performs a cutting operation (downward) with respect to the workpiece W.

B. Carrier device 3: The pair of carrier devices 3A and 3B hold the workpiece W and rotate and oscillate the workpiece W, and are arranged on the index device 4 to face each other.

Each of the carrier devices 3 (3A, 3B) has the same structure, and includes a carrier shaft 15 (15A, 15B), a carrier 16 (16A, 16B) and an oscillating drive unit 17.
(17A, 17B) as a basic configuration,
Work rotating device (work rotating means) 18 (18A, 18
B).

The carrier shaft 15 is provided with bearings 20 and 20 inside an index shaft 21 of the index device 4 described later.
, And are rotatably supported via a shaft, and are arranged in a vertically upright state parallel to the rotating main shafts 10 and 11 of the grinding wheels 1 and 2. A carrier 16 is provided at the upper end 15a of the carrier shaft 15.
Is attached, and its lower end 15b is linked to an oscillation drive section 17 which is a drive source.

As shown in FIG. 3, the base end 16a of the carrier 16 is mounted and fixed horizontally on the upper end 15a of the carrier shaft 15, and is rotatable in the horizontal direction together with the carrier shaft 15. A work holding jig 25 of a work rotating device 18 is rotatably provided on the carrier 16.

In connection with this, a guide plate 26 provided on the apparatus body 100 which is a fixed side is provided below the carrier 16, and its flat upper surface 26 a has
As shown in FIG. 3, the work piece W held by the work holding jig 25 has a horizontal surface that is close to the lower surface of the carrier 16 and has substantially the same height as the grindstone surface 2 a of the lower grinding wheel 2. Functions as a guide surface.

The oscillating driver 17 is provided with the carrier 16
And is linked to the carrier shaft 15 so as to be able to transmit rotation.

The oscillating drive section 17 is specifically composed of a servomotor, and is arranged upward below the support plate 27 of the index device 4 as shown in FIGS. The drive shaft 17a of the servo motor 17 faces the upper side of the support plate 27, and a drive gear 28 (28A, 28B) is fixedly mounted at the end thereof.

The drive gear 28 is connected to the carrier shaft 15
Driven gear 29 (29A, 2
9B), the carrier 16 is configured to perform an oscillating operation (reciprocal swing) within a predetermined angle range around the carrier shaft 15 by forward and reverse rotation driving of the servo motor 17.

In connection with this, an oscillating sensor 30 (30A, 30B) for detecting the oscillating position of the carrier 16 is provided above the support plate 27. As shown in FIG. 4, the oscillating sensor 30 includes a rotating portion 31 and a sensor portion 32 for detecting a rotating plate 31a of the oscillating sensor 30. A driven gear 31b of the rotating portion 31 is meshed with the driving gear 28.

The work rotating device 18 is provided with the carrier 16
For forcibly rotating (rotating) the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding jig 25 (25A, 25B), the rotation shaft 35 (35A, 35B), and the rotation drive unit 36 (36).
A, 36B) as main parts.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the work holding jig 25 comprises a jig main body 40 rotatably provided on the carrier 16 and a work holder 41 attached thereto. I have.

The jig body 40 is annular, and is held concentrically and rotatably in a jig holding hole 42 of the carrier 16 in a horizontal state. A driven gear 40a is provided on the outer periphery of the jig main body 40, and the driven gear 40a
, A plurality of (four in the illustrated example) guide gears 43 rotatably supported on the carrier 16.
(See FIG. 1).

When the thickness of the jig body 40 is relatively large, the guide gear 43 is replaced with, for example, FIG.
A guide roller 143 as shown in FIG.
In this case, a cylindrical surface 40b is formed adjacent to the driven gear 40a (shown on the lower side), and the cylindrical surface 40b is guided and supported by a plurality of guide rollers 143, 143,.

The work holder 41 is provided with a storage pocket 41a corresponding to the outer contour shape (circular in the illustrated example) of the workpiece W. The work holder 41 is attached to the inner peripheral portion of the jig main body 40 by an unillustrated mounting bolt or the like. Removably mounted and fixed. Although not shown, the work holder 41
Is provided with a detent mechanism for integrally fixing the circular workpiece W. This detent mechanism is not required for non-circular workpieces W.

The overall height of the combination of the carrier 16 and the work holding jig 25 is such that the two grinding wheel surfaces 1a, 2a can be inserted between the grinding wheel surfaces 1a, 2a of the two grinding wheels 1, 2. Distance (final finished thickness of workpiece W)
It is set smaller than.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotary shaft 35 is coaxially and rotatably held inside the carrier shaft 15 via bearings 45, 45. The upper end 35a of the rotating shaft 35 is linked to the work holding jig 25 so as to be able to transmit rotation.

As shown in FIG. 3, a drive pinion 50 (50A, 50B) is attached and fixed to the upper end 35a of the rotary shaft 35.
idler gear 51 (51A, 51B) provided on a
Through a driven gear 40a of the work holding jig 25.

The idler gear 51 is connected to the base end 16.
It is rotatably supported by a support shaft 52 on a through a bearing 53. The idler gear 15 is omitted according to the purpose, and the drive pinion 50 of the rotating shaft 35 is connected to the work holding jig 2.
5 may be directly meshed with the driven gear 40a.

The rotation driving section 36 is provided with the work holding jig 25.
And is linked to the rotation shaft 35 so as to be able to transmit rotation.

The rotation drive unit 36 is specifically composed of a servomotor, and, like the above-described oscillation drive unit 17,
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the indexing device 4 is disposed upward below the support plate 27. The drive shaft 36a of the servo motor 36 faces the upper side of the support plate 27 and has a drive gear 55 (55A, 55A)
B) is attached and fixed.

The drive gear 55 is connected to the carrier shaft 15
Driven gear 56 (56A, 5A)
6B), the work holding jig 25 and the work W stored and held therein are forcibly rotated (rotated) by the rotation of the servo motor 36 via the rotation shaft 35. Is configured.

In connection with this, a rotation position sensor 57 (57A, 57B) for detecting the rotation position of the workpiece W is provided above the support plate 27. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotation position sensor 57
8 and a sensor unit 59 for detecting the rotating plate 58a. The driven gear 58b of the rotating unit 58
5 is engaged.

The meshing arrangement of the gears on the support plate 27 has a plane configuration as shown in FIG.

C. Indexing device 4: The indexing device 4 is for indexing the two carrier devices 3A and 3B, and includes the index shaft 21 and the index driving section 60.

The index shaft 21 is mounted on the two grinding wheels 1 and 2.
2 is rotatably supported by the apparatus main body 100 via bearings 65 and 65, and the rotating main shafts 10 and
11 are arranged in a vertical upright shape parallel to 11.

The index shaft 21 is a hollow cylindrical shaft, inside which the carrier shaft 15 of the carrier device 3 is mounted.
A and 15B are rotatably held respectively in parallel with the axis of the index shaft 21. These two carrier shafts 15A and 15B are disposed opposite to each other at a position on the one diameter line of the index shaft 21, so that when one carrier, for example, the carrier 16A is at the grinding position O between the grinding wheels 1 and 2, The other carrier 16 </ b> B is configured to be at the workpiece exchange position P outside the grinding wheels 1 and 2.

In the upper part of the index shaft 21,
The carrier 16 of the carrier device 3 is capable of oscillating. On the other hand, as described above, the support plate 27 is horizontally mounted and supported on the lower disk 70 of the index shaft 21 via the four columns 71, 71,... (See FIG. 6). The servo motor 17 (17A, 17B) of the carrier device 3 and the servo motor 36 (36A, 36B) of the work rotating device 18 are attached to the above. A worm wheel 75 is attached and fixed below the index shaft 21 by a lock mechanism (for example, a power lock (trade name)) 76.

The index drive unit 60 indexes the index shaft 21 to the grinding position O and the work changing position P. More specifically, the index driving unit 60 comprises a servomotor, and as shown in FIG. Device main body 100
Are arranged horizontally and horizontally. This servo motor 60
The drive shaft 60a of the worm 7 is rotatably supported on the apparatus body 100 in a direction orthogonal to the index shaft 21 and rotatably.
7, and is connected to the worm 77 via a coupling 78.

The rotation of the servo motor 60 rotates the index shaft 21 in an index manner, so that the two carriers 16A and 16B are indexed between the grinding position O and the work exchange position P. Have been.

In connection with this, as shown in FIG. 4, an index sensor 80 for detecting the rotational position of the index shaft 21 is provided. The index sensor 80 includes a rotary plate 80a provided on the index shaft 21 side, and a sensor unit 80b provided on the apparatus main body 100 side and detecting the rotary plate 80a.

D. Work exchange device 5: Work exchange device 5
Is an exchange device having a well-known structure for exchanging (loading / unloading) the workpiece W with respect to the workpiece holding jig 25 of each carrier device 3, and is disposed above and near the workpiece exchange position P.

E. Control device 6: The control device 6 automatically controls the pair of upper and lower grinding wheels 1 and 2, the carrier devices 3 A and 3 B, the work rotating devices 18 A and 18 B, the index device 4, and the like in conjunction with each other. Is the CPU,
It is composed of a microcomputer including a RAM, a ROM, an I / O port and the like.

The control device 6 is electrically connected to a drive section, a sensor, and the like of each of the above devices, and is connected to one of the carriers 16A.
While the workpiece W held at the workpiece is being ground while being oscillated at the grinding position O, the other carrier 16B is moved at the workpiece exchange position P.
Each apparatus is controlled so that the exchange (loading / unloading) operation is performed, and an automatic grinding process described later is sequentially and continuously executed.

Next, the grinding process of the workpiece W in the vertical double-ended grinding machine configured as described above
A description will be given focusing on the 6A side.

In a state where one carrier 16A is stopped at the workpiece exchange position P (at this time, the other carrier 16B is at the grinding position O), the exchange of the workpiece W with respect to the workpiece holding jig 25 (loading / loading). The work is carried out by the work changing device 5. At this time, the workpiece W
Are loaded and unloaded in a state where they are aligned with the rotational position of the storage pocket 41a of the work holding jig 25.

When the replacement of the workpiece W is completed, the index shaft 21 is turned to a predetermined angle (180 in this embodiment).
The work W newly held by the carrier 16A is indexed from the workpiece exchange position P to the grinding position O (at this time, the other carrier 16A).
B is determined to the work exchange position P).

At the same time as the start of the index rotation or during the index rotation, the work holding jig 25 is rotated.
Starts to rotate.

The carrier 16A indexed to the grinding position O starts oscillating, and the upper grinding wheel 1 starts to cut into the workpiece W on the carrier 16A while rotating at high speed. As a result, the workpiece W is subjected to infeed grinding by the upper and lower grinding wheels 1 and 2 while the rotation and the oscillating are performed in cooperation with each other.

During the grinding process, the work exchange device 5 performs the process, that is, the exchange work of the workpiece W, on the other carrier 16B stopped at the work exchange position P.

When the grinding of the workpiece W is completed, the upper grinding wheel 1 is raised, and the index shaft 21 is again index-rotated by 180 °, so that the workpiece W on the carrier 16 A is moved from the grinding position O. It is indexed to the workpiece exchange position P and returns to the step (at this time, the other carrier 16B is indexed to the grinding position O,
Is performed).

At the start of the index rotation or during the index rotation, the rotation of the work holding jig 25 and the workpiece W is stopped at a predetermined rotation position, and the preparation posture for the exchange work at the work exchange position P is restored. Can be

Thereafter, the steps (1) to (4) are sequentially and continuously repeated.

It should be noted that the above-described embodiments merely show preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto, and various design changes may be made within the scope of the present invention. It is possible.

For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the carrier 3A, 3B is sent between the upper and lower grinding wheels 1, 2 so as to pass from one side to the other side. The carrier 3 </ b> A, 3 </ b> B may be configured to reciprocate between the workpiece and the workpiece exchange position P so that the carriers 3 </ b> A, 3 </ b> B are inserted and withdrawn from the upper and lower grinding wheels 1, 2 from one direction.

In addition, the specific structure of each component device is not limited to the illustrated one, but can be changed as long as it has the same function.

[0061]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
At least two carrier means for holding a workpiece rotatably and oscillating by independent driving means, and indexing these carrier means into a grinding position between the two grinding wheels and a work exchange position outside the grinding wheels. And index means for operating, so that one carrier means is located at a grinding position between the upper and lower grinding wheels, and while the workpiece held by the carrier means is being ground, another carrier means is provided. The work is carried in and out of the carrier means at the work exchange position outside the grinding wheel.

Moreover, since the two carrier means are provided with independent drive means, the work held by the carrier means at the grinding position can not only rotate, but also perform an oscillate which was previously impossible. Become. As a result, the workpiece comes into uniform contact with the abrasive grains on any part of the grinding surface on the outer peripheral portion and the grinding surface on the inner peripheral portion of the grinding wheel, and the wear difference due to the inner and outer peripheral portions of the grinding wheel is eliminated, A highly accurate flatness and parallelism of the ground surface of the workpiece can be obtained.

Further, since the grinding can be performed while the workpiece is being oscillated, the width of the grinding wheel, which is limited by the area to be ground of the workpiece, can be set relatively freely.

Further, the carrier shaft of the carrier means is provided in the index shaft, and the rotation shaft of the work rotating means is provided in the carrier shaft, so that the space of the shaft portion can be reduced, and the size of the apparatus can be reduced. Can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a main part of a vertical double-headed grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of the same-shaft double-headed grinding machine.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an upper part of the main part.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a lower portion of the main part.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a lower portion of the main part along the line VV in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view showing a lower portion of the main part along line VI-VI in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a rotation guide structure of a work holding jig in a double shaft double-headed grinding machine.

8 (a) and 8 (b) are plan views each showing a conventional vertical double-headed grinding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper grinding wheel 1a Grinding wheel surface of upper grinding wheel 2 Lower grinding wheel 2a Grinding wheel surface of lower grinding wheel 3 (3A, 3B) Carrier device (carrier means) 4 Index device (index means) 5 Work exchange device (Work exchange) Means) 6 Control device (control means) 10, 11 Rotating spindle of grinding wheel 15 (15A, 15B) Carrier shaft 16 (16A, 16B) Carrier 17 (17A, 17B) Servo motor (oscillate drive unit) 18 (18A, 18B) ) Work rotating device (work rotating means) 21 Index shaft 25 (25A, 25B) Work holding jig 26 Guide plate 35 (35A, 35B) Rotating shaft 36 (36A, 36B) Servo motor (rotation drive unit) 40 Jig body 41 Work Holder 41a Work Holder Storage Pocket 50 (50A, 50B) Drive Pinion 51 (51A, 51B) Idler gear 60 Servo motor (index drive unit) W Workpiece P Work change position O Grinding position

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vertical double-headed grinding machine in which carrier means for holding a workpiece can pass or be inserted between the grinding wheel surfaces of a pair of upper and lower grinding wheels provided opposite to each other. Holding and at least two carrier means which are oscillated by independent driving means, and index means for indexing these carrier means to a grinding position between the grinding wheels and a work exchange position outside the grinding wheel. A vertical double-headed grinding machine characterized by comprising: 2. The carrier means comprises: a carrier shaft provided rotatably in parallel with a main spindle of the grinding wheels outside the grinding wheels; a carrier shaft provided at an upper end of the carrier shaft; The vertical spindle double-sided grinding machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a carrier to be held; and an oscillating drive section which is operatively linked to the carrier shaft to oscillate the carrier. 3. The carrier means comprises a work rotating means for forcibly rotating the work, the work rotating means being rotatably provided on the carrier, and a work holding jig for holding the work. A rotation shaft coaxially and rotatably held in the carrier shaft, and linked to the work holding jig so as to be able to transmit rotation,
3. The vertical double-headed grinding machine according to claim 2, further comprising: a rotation drive unit configured to rotate the rotation shaft. 4. The indexing means comprises: an index shaft provided rotatably in parallel with a main spindle of the grinding wheels on the outside of the grinding wheels; An index driving unit for performing an indexing operation, wherein the index shaft is a hollow shaft in which a carrier shaft of the carrier means is rotatably held, and an upper portion of the index shaft, 4. The double-ended vertical shaft according to claim 2, wherein the carrier of the means is capable of oscillating, and an oscillating drive section of the carrier means and a rotation drive section of the work rotating means are mounted below the index shaft. Grinder. 5. A control means for automatically controlling the carrier means and the index means in conjunction with each other, wherein the control means grinds a workpiece held by one carrier means while oscillating the workpiece at the grinding position. While the machining is being performed, the other carrier means stops at the workpiece exchange position for exchanging the workpiece,
2. The vertical double-headed grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein said vertical grinding machine is configured to control each of said means.