JP2829020B2 - Fluid compressor - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a fluid compressor for compressing refrigerant gas of a refrigeration cycle, for example.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, various compressors such as a reciprocating compressor and a rotary compressor have been known. However, in these compressors, the structure of a drive unit such as a crankshaft for transmitting the rotational force to the compressor unit and the compressor unit is complicated, and the number of parts is large. Further, in such a conventional compressor, it is necessary to provide a check valve on the discharge side in order to increase the compression efficiency. However, since the pressure difference between the two sides of the check valve is very large, Gas leaks easily and compression efficiency is low. In order to solve such a problem, it is necessary to increase dimensional accuracy and assembling accuracy of each component, and the manufacturing cost is increased. In addition, conventional compressors include a motor,
A drive unit for transmitting the rotation of the motor and a compressor unit driven by the drive unit are arranged in series.
For this reason, the length of the compressor in the direction of the rotation axis is increased, and the compressor may be increased in size.

In addition, U.S. Pat. No. 2,401,189 discloses a screw pump. According to this pump, a cylindrical rotating body is disposed in the sleeve, and a spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. A spiral blade is slidably fitted in this groove. Then, by rotating the rotating body, the fluid trapped between two adjacent turns of the blade between the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body and the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve is moved from one end side of the sleeve to the other end side. Transfer. That is, the above-described screw pump merely transfers the fluid from one end to the other end, and does not have a function of compressing the fluid.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in the conventional fluid compressor, the structure is complicated, the length in the axial direction is increased, and the number of parts is large. Further, gas may leak from a check valve provided at the boundary between the high pressure side and the low pressure side, and the compression efficiency is low. Further, a screw pump of a type in which a rotating body wound with a helical blade is arranged in a sleeve simply transfers fluid, and has no compressing action.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above circumstances, and has as its object the purpose of improving the sealing performance with a relatively simple structure, enabling efficient compression, and facilitating the manufacture and assembly of parts, and miniaturizing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid compressor that can be made into a fluid compressor.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electric element comprising a stator and a rotor, and a rotor of the electric element fixed coaxially to an outer peripheral surface. A cylinder having a suction end side and a discharge end side, and a cylindrical shape which is disposed eccentrically along the cylinder axial direction in the cylinder and a part of which is rotatable in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. A rotator, a helical groove provided on the outer periphery of the rotator and formed at a pitch that gradually decreases from the suction end side to the discharge end side of the cylinder; A helical blade having an outer peripheral surface that is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder and partitioning a space between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body into a plurality of working chambers; Rotate synchronously The fluid from the suction end of the serial cylinder flowing into the working chamber; and a mechanism for sequentially transferred to the operation chamber on the discharge side of the cylinder.

(Operation) By doing so, the present invention can facilitate operation with a simple structure, improve sealing performance, enable efficient compression, and facilitate the manufacture and assembly of parts and reduce the size. It is to have done.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a hermetic compressor 1 for a refrigerant gas used in a refrigeration cycle. The compressor 1 includes a closed case 2, and an electric element 3 and a compression element 4 as driving means disposed in the closed case 2. The electric element 3 includes a substantially annular stator 5 fixed to the inner surface of the closed case 2 and an annular rotor 6 provided inside the stator 5.

The compression element 4 has a cylinder 7, and the rotor 6 is coaxially fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 7. Both ends of the cylinder 7 are rotatably supported by bearings 8 and 9 fixed to the inner surface of the sealed case 2. Both ends of the cylinder 7 are hermetically closed by these bearings 8 and 9. That is, the bearings 8 and 9 are provided with bosses 8a and 9a in which the ends of the cylinder 7 are rotatably fitted.
And the closed case 2 having a diameter larger than those of the bosses 8a and 9a.
And bases 8b and 9b fixed to the inner surface of the base.

In the cylinder 7, a piston 11 as a columnar rotating body having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 7 is disposed along the axial direction of the cylinder 7. The piston 11 is
The central axis A is disposed eccentrically downward in FIG. 1 with respect to the central axis B of the cylinder 7 by a distance e, so that a part of the outer peripheral surface of the piston 11 contacts the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7. doing.

At both ends in the axial direction of the piston 11, a support shaft portion 12 is provided.
a and 12b are provided, and these shaft portions 12a and 12b are rotatably inserted and supported in bearing holes 8c and 9c formed in the bearings 8 and 9, respectively.

A prism 13 having a square cross section is formed on one support shaft 12a of the piston 11. As shown in FIG. 4, the prism 13 is provided with an Oldham ring 15 having a rectangular long hole 14 formed therein. That is, the Oldham ring 15 is slidably fitted in the prism 13 along the longitudinal direction of the long hole 14. One end of a pair of pins 16 is slidably fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the Oldham ring 15 in a radial direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the long hole 14. The other ends of the pins 16 are fitted and fixed in fitting holes 17 formed in the peripheral wall of the cylinder 7.

Thereby, the piston 11 is connected to the cylinder 7 eccentrically in the radial direction of the cylinder 7. Therefore, the electric element 3 is energized to
When the rotor 6 and the rotor 6 are integrally rotated, the rotational force of the cylinder 7 is transmitted to the piston 11 via the Oldham ring 15. The fitting hole 17 is hermetically closed by a cover member 18. And the piston
The inside of the cylinder 7 rotates in a state where a part thereof contacts the inner surface of the cylinder 7.

A spiral groove 19 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 11 along the axial direction of the piston 11 as shown in FIGS. The pitch of the groove 19 is gradually reduced from the right side to the left side in these drawings, that is, from the suction side to the discharge side of the cylinder 7.

A spiral blade 21 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is fitted in the groove 19. The thickness of the blade 21 is substantially the same as the width of the spiral groove 13, and each part of the blade 21 can freely move in and out of the groove 19 substantially in the radial direction of the piston 11. The outer peripheral surface of the blade 21 is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7 and slides on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7 in this state.

The space between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the piston 11 is partitioned into a plurality of working chambers 22 by the blade 21. That is, each working chamber 22 is formed between two adjacent turns of the blade 21, and extends along the blade 21 from the contact portion between the piston 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7 to the next contact portion. It is in a state. The volume of the working chamber 22 gradually decreases as going from the suction side to the discharge side of the cylinder 7.

One of the bearings 8 located on the suction side of the cylinder 7 has a suction hole 23 penetrating in the axial direction as shown in FIG.
One end of the suction hole 23 communicates with the inside of the cylinder 7, and the other end is connected to a suction tube 24 of a refrigeration cycle.
A discharge hole 25 is formed in the other bearing 9. One end of the discharge hole 25 communicates with the discharge end side in the cylinder 7, and the other end is opened inside the closed case 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, an oil introduction passage 26 is formed in the piston 11 along the center axis A thereof. This oil introduction channel 26
Has one end communicating with the bottom of the spiral groove 19 on the discharge side, and the other end communicating with one end of a through hole 27 formed in one bearing 8. The other end of the through hole 27 is connected to the other end of the introduction pipe 28 whose one end is located at the bottom of the sealed case 2. A lubricating oil 29 is stored at the bottom of the closed case 2. Therefore, when the pressure in the sealed case 2 increases, the lubricating oil 29 is introduced into the space between the bottom of the groove 19 and the blade 21 through the introduction pipe 28, the through hole 27, and the oil introduction passage 26. .

Furthermore, a suction groove 31 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the end located on the suction side of the piston 11. This suction groove 31 is formed deeper than the spiral groove 19 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 11, one end of which is open to the end surface of the large diameter portion 11 a of the piston 11, and the other end of which is the cylinder 7. It is in a position communicating with the first working chamber 22 located on the suction end side. Thereby, the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction tube 24 into the cylinder 7 is surely introduced into the first working chamber 22 through the suction groove 31 without interruption.

As shown in FIG. 1, a discharge tube 32 that connects the inside and the outside of the closed case 2 is connected to the closed case 2.

Next, the operation of the compressor configured as described above will be described.

First, when the electric element 3 is energized, the rotor 6 rotates,
The cylinder 7 also rotates integrally with the rotor 6. When the cylinder 7 rotates, the piston 11 is driven to rotate with a part of its outer peripheral surface in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7. Such relative rotation between the piston 11 and the cylinder 7 is caused by the Oldham ring provided on the prism 13 of the piston 11.
Reserved by 15. And the blade 21 is also a piston
It rotates together with 11.

Since the blade 21 rotates with its outer peripheral surface being in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7, each part of the blade 21 moves toward the contact portion between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7. It is pushed into the groove 19 and moves in a direction protruding from the groove 19 as it moves away from the contact portion.

On the other hand, when the compression element 4 is operated, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the cylinder 7 through the suction tube 24 and the suction hole 23. The refrigerant gas sucked into the first working chamber 22 as shown in FIG. 6 is discharged as shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. To the working chamber 22 on the side. Then, the transferred and compressed refrigerant gas is discharged into a space in the sealed case 2 from a discharge hole 25 formed in the bearing 9 on the discharge side, and returned to the refrigeration cycle through a discharge tube 32.

When the refrigerant gas is discharged into the closed case 2 and the pressure in the closed case 2 rises, the lubricating oil 29 stored therein is pressurized, and the lubricating oil 29 passes through the oil introduction passage 26 to form a spiral groove. It is introduced into the space between the bottom of 19 and the blade 21. Therefore, the blade 21 is constantly pressed by the hydraulic pressure in the direction of being pushed out of the groove 19, that is, toward the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the blade 21 is always kept in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 7.
This prevents gas leakage between the working chambers 22.

The spiral groove 19 formed in the piston 11 is formed such that the pitch gradually decreases from the suction side to the discharge side of the cylinder 7. That is, the working chamber 22 partitioned by the blade 21 is formed so that the volume gradually decreases toward the discharge side. Therefore, while transferring the refrigerant gas from the suction side to the discharge side of the cylinder 7,
This refrigerant gas can be compressed. Further, since the refrigerant gas is transferred and compressed while being confined in the working chamber 22, the refrigerant gas can be efficiently compressed even when a check valve is not provided on the discharge side of the compressor.

Further, since the check valve can be omitted, the configuration of the compressor can be simplified and the number of parts can be reduced. Further, since the rotor 6 of the electric element 3 is supported by the cylinder 7 of the compression element 4, there is no need to provide a dedicated rotating shaft or bearing for supporting the rotor 6. Therefore, the configuration of the compressor can be further simplified, and the number of parts can be reduced.

The electric element 3 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 7 of the compression element 4.
Are concentrically fixed. That is, since the cylinder is fitted and held inside the rotor 6, the entire axial length can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where the electric element 3 and the compression element 3 are connected in series. Thereby, the compressor 1 can be downsized.

The material of the piston 11 is an iron-based metal,
If emphasis is placed on workability and weight reduction, an aluminum alloy or resin may be used.

In addition, the groove processing of the piston 11 is generally a cutting processing, but punching a notch having a rectangular cross section in a disk, and stacking such that the notch forms a spiral groove. Is also good.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention has a helical groove whose pitch gradually changes from one end to the other end on its outer periphery, and a helical blade is fitted into this groove so as to be able to enter and exit. The inserted cylindrical rotating body is eccentrically arranged in the cylinder, the blade partitions the space between the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder and the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body into a plurality of working chambers, and the cylinder is electrically driven. The rotor and the cylinder are rotated concentrically with respect to the cylinder, and the fluid flowing into the working chamber from the suction side of the cylinder is rotated by the cylinder and the rotor. The material was compressed while being sequentially transferred to the working chamber on the discharge side.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to operate smoothly with a simple structure, to improve sealing performance and reliability, to efficiently compress, and to make the manufacture and assembly of parts easy and to reduce the size. Has an effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire fluid compressor, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a compression element, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a piston, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion where a piston and a cylinder are joined by an Oldham ring, FIGS. 5 to 9 are explanatory diagrams sequentially showing a compression process of refrigerant gas, and FIG.
The figure is a side view of the compression element. 2 ... closed case, 3 ... electric element, 6 ... rotor, 7 ... cylinder, 11 ... piston (rotating body), 15 ... Oldham ring,
19 ... groove, 21 ... blade, 22 ... working chamber.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Hayano 8 Shinsugita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Within the Home Appliances Research Laboratory, Toshiba Yokohama Office Co., Ltd. No. 8 Toshiba Yokohama Works Home Appliances Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Masayuki Okuda 8 Shinsugita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture Toshiba Yokohama Works Home Appliances Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Toshiharu Nagase Kanagawa 70, Yanagicho, Yukicho, Kawasaki-shi, Ltd. Inside the Toshiba Yanagicho Plant (72) Inventor Hisanori Honma 70, Yanagicho, Yukicho, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Inside the Toshiba Yanagimachi Plant (56) References U.S.A. 63-14881 (JP, U) U.S.A. 61-147388 (JP, U) US Patent 2,527,536 (US, A) (58) (Int.Cl. ^6, DB name) F04C 2/30 - 2/352 F04C 18/30 - 18/352

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An electric element comprising a stator and a rotor;
A cylinder having a suction end side and a discharge end side on which the rotor of the electric element is coaxially fixed on the outer peripheral surface, and disposed eccentrically in the cylinder along the axial direction of the cylinder, a part of which is disposed in the cylinder; A cylindrical rotating body rotatable in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and a spiral formed on the outer periphery of the rotating body and formed at a pitch that gradually decreases from the suction end to the discharge end of the cylinder. A plurality of working chambers each having a groove and an outer peripheral surface which is fitted in the groove so as to be able to freely enter and exit and which is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder; And a mechanism for rotating the rotating body synchronously with the cylinder and sequentially transferring fluid flowing into the working chamber from the suction end side of the cylinder to the working chamber on the discharge side of the cylinder. Features Fluid compressor.