JP2820716B2 - Tear volume measuring device - Google Patents
Tear volume measuring deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2820716B2 JP2820716B2 JP1116776A JP11677689A JP2820716B2 JP 2820716 B2 JP2820716 B2 JP 2820716B2 JP 1116776 A JP1116776 A JP 1116776A JP 11677689 A JP11677689 A JP 11677689A JP 2820716 B2 JP2820716 B2 JP 2820716B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- humidity
- measuring
- measuring device
- data detected
- tear volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
Description
この発明は涙液の量を雰囲気中に湿度として測定する
非接触式の涙液量測定装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-contact type tear volume measuring device that measures the amount of tear in an atmosphere as humidity.
いわゆる涙液分泌減少症として知られている疾患には
Miklicz症候群、Sjogren症候群、Steven−Johnson症候
群などがあり、これらは特殊な疾患と考えられがちであ
る。 しかし、実際の臨床面では目の乾燥感、疲労感を訴え
て受診する患者は相当数おり、これらの多くは症候性の
涙液分泌減少症、所謂ドライアイである場合が非常に多
い。 また近年社会的に問題となっているVDT症候群におい
ても、VDT作業時の涙液分泌低下がその一因である可能
性も示唆されている。 こうした涙液分泌能が問題となる疾患に対して、現在
日常の診療で行なわれている検査法としてはシルマーテ
スト、線糸法、BUT等があるが、これらの検査は再現性
に乏しく、また全くの非侵襲的な検査ではないこともあ
り、涙液の基礎分泌を必ずしも正しく反映しておらず信
頼性の点で問題がある。 そこで、この種の分野においては、非侵襲的で簡便に
しかも正確に涙液動態を評価できる装置の開発が待ち望
まれている。A condition known as so-called lacrimation is
There are Miklicz syndrome, Sjogren syndrome, Steven-Johnson syndrome, and the like, which are often considered to be special diseases. However, in the actual clinical situation, there are a considerable number of patients who consult for complaints of dryness and fatigue in the eyes, and many of these patients have symptomatic lacrimation or so-called dry eye. It has also been suggested that the decrease in tear secretion during VDT work may contribute to VDT syndrome, which has recently become a social problem. For such diseases in which tear secretion ability is a problem, Schirmer test, wire thread method, BUT, etc. are currently used in daily medical care, but these tests have poor reproducibility and It may not be a completely non-invasive test, and does not always accurately reflect the basal secretion of tears, which is problematic in terms of reliability. Therefore, in this type of field, development of a device that can evaluate non-invasive, simple and accurate lacrimal fluid dynamics has been awaited.
この発明は上記事情に鑑み鋭意研究の結果創案された
ものであって、その主たる課題は、涙液動態を湿度検出
手段と瞬目カウント手段を用い、閉瞼状態の湿度データ
と開瞼状態の湿度データとの差から雰囲気中の湿度の上
昇変化を求めて涙液量を測定する装置を提供するにあ
る。In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has been made as a result of earnest research, and its main problem is to use tear detection means and blink count means for tear dynamics, An object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the amount of tears by obtaining a change in the humidity in the atmosphere from the difference from the humidity data.
この発明は上記課題を達成するために請求項１の発明
では、 眼球形状に沿って気密状に覆うことができる密閉体
と、 該密閉体内の湿度を測定する湿度検出手段と、 瞬目の回数をカウントする瞬目カウント手段とを有
し、 所定のサンプリング間隔で、前記湿度検出手段で検出
された湿度データを基に、瞬目カウント手段で得られた
瞬目回数による湿度への影響を補正して補正後の湿度デ
ータを求め、 閉瞼状態で検出された湿度データと開瞼状態で検出さ
れた湿度データの差を基に涙液の蒸発速度を算出し、涙
液量を測定してなる、という技術的手段を講じている。 また、請求項２の発明では、 眼球形状に沿って気密状に覆うことができる密閉体
と、 該密閉体内の湿度を測定する湿度検出手段と、 該密閉体内の温度を測定する温度検出手段と、 瞬目の回数をカウントする瞬目カウント手段とを有
し、 所定のサンプリング間隔で、前記湿度検出手段で検出
された湿度データを基に、温度検出手段で検出された温
度と瞬目カウント手段で得られた瞬目回数による湿度へ
の影響を補正して補正後の湿度データを求め、 閉瞼状態で検出された湿度データと開瞼状態で検出さ
れた湿度データの差を基に涙液の蒸発速度を算出し、涙
液量を測定してなる、という技術的手段を講じている。In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a sealed body which can be hermetically covered along an eyeball shape, humidity detecting means for measuring humidity in the sealed body, the number of blinks And blink correction means for counting the number of blinks obtained by the blink counting means at predetermined sampling intervals based on the humidity data detected by the humidity detecting means. To obtain the corrected humidity data, calculate the tear evaporation rate based on the difference between the humidity data detected in the closed eyelid state and the humidity data detected in the open eyelid state, and measure the tear volume. Is taking technical measures. Further, in the invention of claim 2, a sealed body that can be covered in an airtight manner along the shape of the eyeball, a humidity detecting means for measuring the humidity in the sealed body, and a temperature detecting means for measuring the temperature in the sealed body. A blink counting means for counting the number of blinks, and at a predetermined sampling interval, the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means and the blink counting means based on the humidity data detected by the humidity detecting means. The corrected humidity data is obtained by correcting the effect of humidity on the number of blinks obtained in step 2.The tear fluid is based on the difference between the humidity data detected in the closed eyelid state and the humidity data detected in the open eyelid state. Technical measures such as calculating the evaporation rate of water and measuring the amount of tears.
以下に、この発明の涙液量測定装置の好適実施例を図
面を参照して説明する。 涙液量測定装置１は、図１に示すごとく、ゴーグル型
の密閉体２と、密閉体２内に設けられたセンサ３と、セ
ンサ３と接続された測定装置４とから構成されている。 すなわち、密閉体２は、本実施例の場合、頂面にガラ
スを配した無底の円筒状からなる測定室部2Aと、その外
側に連通可能に接続されたセンサ収納部2Bを組み合わせ
たチャンバーからなっており、被検者の左右の眼瞼の周
囲をそれぞれ覆うように左右一対になっており、該密閉
体２に連結されたバンド部５で被診断者の頭部に掛止め
て密閉体２を被検者に装着している。 上記実施例では、一対の測定室部2Aにそれぞれセンサ
３を設けているが、上記一対の測定室部2A間に１つのセ
ンサ収納部2Bを連通可能に設けて、測定対象とならない
側の測定室部2Aを遮断する密閉扉を設けて左右の測定室
部2Aを順次測定する構成（図示せず）であってもよい。 そして、センサ収納部2Bに内蔵されたセンサ３は例え
ば、SH70（商品名、林電工（株）製）等の非接触式の温
度湿度センサ等が用いられる。 上記センサ３は測定装置４と接続して、所定の測定を
行なう。 この測定装置４は、上記センサ３を制御して所定サン
プリング間隔で密閉体２内の雰囲気中の湿度を温度と共
に検出するものであるが、本実施例では、更に上記の得
られたデータをもとに湿度の変化（上昇）率を算出する
演算手段4Aを有しており、演算結果はディスプレイまた
はプリンタなどの外部表示部4Bに表示させる構成となっ
ている。 上記センサ３は湿度と温度を測定すると共に目瞬の回
数をカウントするものであるが、温度は測定しないもの
でよい。 図２に示す実施例では、センサ３が温度湿度センサ3A
と、赤外線を用いた目瞬センサ3Bを用いている。 目瞬センサ3Bは、眼瞼部分の温度差の測定から目瞬の
有無の判定を行い目瞬の回数のカウントを行なうように
なっている。 これによって、湿度の値を測定した際の温度変化や目
瞬回数などの条件による湿度への影響を補正することが
できるようになっている。 図３は、前記実施例における基本的な検査手順の一例
を示す。 被験者が密閉体２を装着して、測定をスタートする
と、ステップ１では被検者が閉瞼の状態で測定装置４に
設けられたタイマーが所定の測定時間（本実施例では２
分間）の計測を開始し、ステップ２で上記測定時間中、
カウンターで瞬目の数を数えると共に、前記センサ３で
一定のサンプリング間隔（本実施例では15秒間隔）で温
度と湿度を測定し、ステップ３で測定時間が経過すると
上記検出を停止する。 次いで、ステップ４では被検者が普通に開瞼した状態
でタイマーが上記測定時間（２分間）の計測を開始し、
ステップ５で上記測定時間中、カウンターで瞬目の数を
数えると共に、センサ３で一定のサンプリング間隔（15
秒間隔）で温度と湿度を測定し、ステップ６で測定時間
が経過すると上記検出を停止する。 次いでステップ７では、センサ３等から入力されたデ
ータをもとに測定装置４の演算手段4Aで前記開瞼状態で
得られた湿度の値と、閉瞼状態で得られた湿度の値の差
を算出する。 この湿度の値の差をもとにステップ８で上記演算手段
4Aで湿度の上昇率、即ち涙液の水分蒸発速度を算出す
る。 即ち、温度が一定、つまり飽和水蒸気が一定とした場
合に湿度Ｈ（％）の上昇速度は次のように表わすことが
できる。 dH/dt＝ｋ（100−Ｈ） ……（１） この式を解くと、 Ｈ＝100−（100−ａ）e-kt ……（２） となる。但しａは初期温度である。 この式と実際の測定値を用いてｋ（これを蒸発係数と
する）を求める。 ｋ値を求めることにより、任意の湿度における蒸発の
速度を得ることができる。 これにより実験系のように閉鎖された状態ではなく、
実際の状態（実際には外界の湿度はほぼ一定と考えられ
る。）における角結膜からの水分蒸発量を算出すること
ができる。 実測の結果、ｋ値は正常人では平均3.5×10-3±0.6×
10-3となったのに比べ、ドライアイ患者では平均て1.8
×10-3±08×10-3となった。 そして、実測の結果、ｋ値の測定は再現性が高く、同
一被検者では±10％程度のばらつきしかないことが確認
された。 このｋ値より、例えば湿度40％の場合には１眼当りの
水分蒸発速度は正常人で18.2×10-7g/secとなり、ドラ
イアイ患者では18.2×10-7g/secと算出される。 この値は従来の綿糸を眼瞼に接触して測定する方法で
計測した眼球表面からの水分蒸発量に相応するものであ
り、本発明が信頼性あることを裏付けている。 そしてこのようにして算出された結果は、測定装置４
の外部表示部4Bに表示される。 この測定手順では、測定装置４で全ての演算を行なわ
せたが、測定装置４を簡便な構造とする場合には上記演
算は別々の装置で行なわせてもよい。 即ち、センサと接続された測定装置４では密閉体２内
の雰囲気中の湿度の値だけを算出するものとし、後の演
算処理は他の計算装置（マイクロコンピュータ等）で行
なわせてもよい。 その他、この発明では、密閉体の構造やセンサの具体
的な構成は特に限定するものではなく、要するに密閉体
は眼球に沿って密閉された中空を形成するものであれば
よく、またセンサは局部に接触せずに少なくとも湿度を
測定できるものであればよい。A preferred embodiment of the tear volume measuring device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the tear volume measuring device 1 includes a goggle-type sealed body 2, a sensor 3 provided in the sealed body 2, and a measuring device 4 connected to the sensor 3. That is, in the case of the present embodiment, the closed body 2 is a chamber in which a measurement chamber 2A formed of a bottomless cylindrical shape having glass disposed on the top surface and a sensor housing 2B connected to the outside thereof so as to be able to communicate with the outside. And a pair of left and right eyelids covering the left and right eyelids of the subject, respectively. 2 is worn on the subject. In the above embodiment, the sensor 3 is provided in each of the pair of measurement chamber sections 2A. However, one sensor storage section 2B is provided so as to be able to communicate between the pair of measurement chamber sections 2A, and the measurement on the side not to be measured is performed. A configuration (not shown) may be adopted in which a closed door that shuts off the chamber 2A is provided to sequentially measure the left and right measurement chambers 2A. As the sensor 3 built in the sensor housing 2B, for example, a non-contact type temperature and humidity sensor such as SH70 (trade name, manufactured by Hayashi Denko KK) is used. The sensor 3 is connected to a measuring device 4 to perform a predetermined measurement. The measuring device 4 controls the sensor 3 to detect the humidity in the atmosphere in the sealed body 2 together with the temperature at a predetermined sampling interval. In the present embodiment, the obtained data is also used for the measurement. In addition, a calculation means 4A for calculating a change (rise) rate of humidity is provided, and the calculation result is displayed on an external display unit 4B such as a display or a printer. The sensor 3 measures the humidity and the temperature and counts the number of blinks, but may not measure the temperature. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the sensor 3 is a temperature / humidity sensor 3A.
And an eye-blinking sensor 3B using infrared rays. The blink sensor 3B determines the presence or absence of a blink from the measurement of the temperature difference between the eyelids, and counts the number of blinks. This makes it possible to correct the influence on humidity due to conditions such as temperature change and the number of blinks when measuring the humidity value. FIG. 3 shows an example of a basic inspection procedure in the embodiment. When the subject wears the closed body 2 and starts the measurement, in step 1, the timer provided in the measuring device 4 with the subject in a closed eyelid state is set to a predetermined measurement time (2 in this embodiment).
Minutes), and in step 2, during the above measurement time,
The number of blinks is counted by a counter, and the temperature and humidity are measured at a fixed sampling interval (15 second interval in the present embodiment) by the sensor 3. When the measurement time elapses in step 3, the detection is stopped. Next, in Step 4, the timer starts measuring the above measurement time (2 minutes) with the subject's eyelids opened normally,
In step 5, during the above measurement time, the number of blinks is counted by the counter, and a certain sampling interval (15
The temperature and humidity are measured at (second intervals), and when the measurement time elapses in step 6, the above detection is stopped. Next, in step 7, the difference between the humidity value obtained in the open eyelid state and the humidity value obtained in the closed eyelid state by the calculating means 4A of the measuring device 4 based on the data input from the sensor 3 and the like. Is calculated. Based on the difference between the humidity values, the calculation means
At 4A, the rate of increase in humidity, that is, the rate of evaporation of tear water is calculated. That is, when the temperature is constant, that is, when the saturated steam is constant, the rising rate of the humidity H (%) can be expressed as follows. dH / dt = k (100−H) (1) When this equation is solved, H = 100− (100−a) e− kt (2) Where a is the initial temperature. Using this equation and actual measured values, k (this is referred to as the evaporation coefficient) is obtained. By determining the k value, the rate of evaporation at any humidity can be obtained. This is not a closed state like an experimental system,
It is possible to calculate the amount of water evaporation from the corneal conjunctiva in an actual state (actually, the humidity of the outside world is considered to be substantially constant). As a result of actual measurement, the k value was 3.5 × 10 -3 ± 0.6 × on average for normal subjects
On average, 1.8 in dry eye patients compared to 10 -3
× 10 -3 ± 08 × 10 -3 . As a result of the actual measurement, it was confirmed that the measurement of the k value had high reproducibility, and there was only a variation of about ± 10% in the same subject. From this k value, for example, when the humidity is 40%, the water evaporation rate per eye is calculated to be 18.2 × 10 −7 g / sec for a normal person and 18.2 × 10 −7 g / sec for a dry eye patient. . This value corresponds to the amount of water evaporation from the surface of the eyeball measured by a conventional method in which the cotton thread is brought into contact with the eyelid, and confirms that the present invention is reliable. The result calculated in this way is output to the measuring device 4
Is displayed on the external display unit 4B. In this measurement procedure, all the calculations are performed by the measurement device 4. However, when the measurement device 4 has a simple structure, the calculations may be performed by separate devices. That is, the measuring device 4 connected to the sensor calculates only the value of the humidity in the atmosphere in the closed body 2, and the subsequent arithmetic processing may be performed by another calculating device (microcomputer or the like). In addition, in the present invention, the structure of the closed body and the specific configuration of the sensor are not particularly limited. In short, the closed body only needs to form a closed hollow along the eyeball. What is necessary is just to be able to measure at least humidity without contacting the surface.
この発明によれば、眼球の表面、角結膜からの水分蒸
発量を雰囲気中の湿度の上昇変化として非接触式の湿度
検出手段を用いて測定するので非侵襲的であり局所的に
眼球や角結膜を押圧したり擦って傷つける虞れがなく、
また測定具を介しての伝染や汚染もなく、検査時におけ
る安全性が極めて高い。 また、１回の測定であっても、蒸発係数を求めること
により任意の湿度における角結膜からの水分蒸発の速度
を求めることができるので、様々な湿度における水分蒸
発量を計算でき再現性が高い。 更に測定に際しては高度な技術や熟練を要することな
く誰でも簡便に操作することができる。According to the present invention, the amount of water evaporation from the surface of the eyeball and the corneal conjunctiva is measured as a change in humidity in the atmosphere using the non-contact type humidity detecting means. There is no danger of pressing or rubbing the conjunctiva,
In addition, there is no transmission or contamination via the measuring tool, and the safety at the time of inspection is extremely high. Further, even in a single measurement, since the rate of water evaporation from the keratoconjunctiva at an arbitrary humidity can be obtained by obtaining the evaporation coefficient, the amount of water evaporation at various humidities can be calculated and the reproducibility is high. . Further, anyone can easily operate the measurement without requiring advanced technology or skill.
第１図はこの発明の涙液量測定装置の概略構成を示すブ
ロック図、第２図は異なる涙液量測定装置を示すブロッ
ク図、第３図は涙液量測定を示すフローチャート、第４
図は皮膚の水分蒸発量を測定する装置を示すブロック図
である。 １……涙液量測定装置 ２……密閉体 2A……測定室部 2B……センサ収納部 ３……センサ ４……測定装置 4A……演算手段 4B……外部表示部FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a tear volume measuring device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a different tear volume measuring device, FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing tear volume measurement, FIG.
The figure is a block diagram showing a device for measuring the amount of water evaporation of the skin. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tear amount measuring device 2 ... Sealed body 2A ... Measurement chamber part 2B ... Sensor storage part 3 ... Sensor 4 ... Measuring device 4A ... Calculation means 4B ... External display part
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−57031（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−46131（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−207127（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) A61B 3/00 A61B 5/00(56) References JP-A-63-57031 (JP, A) JP-A-63-46131 (JP, A) JP-A-59-207127 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int) .Cl. 6 , DB name) A61B 3/00 A61B 5/00
Claims (3)
る密閉体と、 該密閉体内の湿度を測定する湿度検出手段と、 瞬目の回数をカウントする瞬目カウント手段とを有し、 所定のサンプリング間隔で、前記湿度検出手段で検出さ
れた湿度データを基に、瞬目カウント手段で得られた瞬
目回数による湿度への影響を補正して補正後の湿度デー
タを求め、 閉瞼状態で検出された湿度データと開瞼状態で検出され
た湿度データの差を基に涙液の蒸発速度を算出し、涙液
量を測定してなることを特徴とする涙液量測定装置。1. A closed body which can be covered in an airtight manner along an eyeball shape, a humidity detecting means for measuring humidity in the sealed body, and a blink counting means for counting the number of blinks. At a predetermined sampling interval, based on the humidity data detected by the humidity detecting means, the effect on humidity due to the number of blinks obtained by the blink counting means is corrected to obtain corrected humidity data, A tear volume measuring device comprising: calculating a tear evaporation rate based on a difference between humidity data detected in a state and humidity data detected in an eyelid state, and measuring a tear volume.
る密閉体と、 該密閉体内の湿度を測定する湿度検出手段と、 該密閉体内の温度を測定する温度検出手段と、 瞬目の回数をカウントする瞬目カウント手段とを有し、 所定のサンプリング間隔で、前記湿度検出手段で検出さ
れた湿度データを基に、温度検出手段で検出された温度
と瞬目カウント手段で得られた瞬目回数による湿度への
影響を補正して補正後の湿度データを求め、 閉瞼状態で検出された湿度データと開瞼状態で検出され
た湿度データの差を基に涙液の蒸発速度を算出し、涙液
量を測定してなることを特徴とする涙液量測定装置。2. A sealed body which can be covered in an airtight manner along the shape of an eyeball, humidity detecting means for measuring humidity in the sealed body, temperature detecting means for measuring temperature in the sealed body, and blinking Blink detection means for counting the number of times, at predetermined sampling intervals, based on the humidity data detected by the humidity detection means, the temperature detected by the temperature detection means and obtained by the blink count means. The corrected humidity data is obtained by correcting the effect of humidity on the number of blinks, and the evaporation rate of tears is calculated based on the difference between the humidity data detected in the closed eyelid state and the humidity data detected in the open eyelid state. A tear volume measuring device characterized by calculating and measuring the tear volume.
ていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の涙液量測定装
置。3. The tear volume measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the humidity detecting means comprises a non-contact type sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1116776A JP2820716B2 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1989-05-10 | Tear volume measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1116776A JP2820716B2 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1989-05-10 | Tear volume measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02295532A JPH02295532A (en) | 1990-12-06 |
| JP2820716B2 true JP2820716B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
Family
ID=14695437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1116776A Expired - Fee Related JP2820716B2 (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1989-05-10 | Tear volume measuring device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2820716B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0613682Y2 (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1994-04-13 | 一男 坪田 | Eyepiece |
| JP6373014B2 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2018-08-15 | 拓也 新川 | Diagnosis support apparatus, change information output method, and program |
| WO2018102535A1 (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-07 | Oculeve, Inc. | Apparatus and method for dry eye forecast and treatment recommendation |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59207127A (en) * | 1983-05-10 | 1984-11-24 | 坂口 正雄 | Apparatus for measuring local sweat amount on basis of humidity |
| JPS6346131A (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1988-02-27 | 株式会社 スズケン | Apparatus for continuously measuring local perspiration amount |
| JPS6357031A (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1988-03-11 | 株式会社 スズケン | Apparatus for continuously measuring local sweating amount |
-
1989
- 1989-05-10 JP JP1116776A patent/JP2820716B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02295532A (en) | 1990-12-06 |
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