JP2811142B2 - Power management system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power consumption management system for suppressing the power consumption of large consumers of electric power.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A contract for paying a power fee for power consumption is determined on the basis of a certain time (demand time) in a time zone where power consumption is the highest in a day. This is because electricity cannot be stored, so from the perspective of the power company on the supply side, it is necessary to keep facilities and other equipment at the maximum power consumption, and there is an obligation to secure power so that power can always be supplied. It is. On the other hand, from the consumer's point of view, the fact that the maximum power consumption, which is a short period of time in a day, is used as the basis for power consumption, means that a higher rate than necessary for other lower power consumption. There is an inconvenience that you will be forced to pay.

[0003] Such high power consumption is not desirable for both consumers and suppliers, and management is performed to reduce power consumption even slightly, especially in summer, when power consumption increases. Conventionally, as a management method, a meter called a demand meter is attached to a power supply line to monitor the power consumed by the demand meter, and to reach a predetermined power value, or An alarm or the like is activated when it is almost reached, thereby turning off a part of the load to avoid a peak.

[0004]

If the power consumption is managed by the demand meter in this way, a slight time peak can be avoided, which is very preferable for both the demander and the supplier. This does not solve all problems. In other words, when power consumption is managed using a demand meter, a dedicated line may be installed and automatic load control may be performed. Since the power consumption is managed by turning off the switch, a time delay may occur in the power consumption management. In addition, this installation work is required to use a dedicated line. Furthermore, there are few establishments that have demand meters installed, so even if a specific establishment saves power, it may not be possible to manage the entire system from the power supply side.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of this point, and manages power consumption of business establishments and the like, which are large consumers.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a system performed by a remote management device. In this way, a plurality of locations can be managed accurately and quickly at one location.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides, as means for solving the above problems, the invention described in claim 1
In this case, the load power flowing through the commercial power line is detected.
Sensor and the power value detected by the sensor are preset.
A comparison circuit for comparing with the set power value, and an output of the comparison circuit.
DTM for generating tone signal of predetermined frequency by force signal
F generator and output signal of the DTMF generator
Circuit that modulates a tone signal that is
Is converted to a transmission signal and the commercial power line or
Is equipped with a transmission circuit to be mounted on a separate commercial power line.
A control unit, and a transmission signal mounted on the commercial power line.
Receiving circuit, and a signal received by the receiving circuit.
A demodulation circuit for demodulating to a tone signal;
DTMF signal to read DTMF signal from tone signal
And the output signal of the DTMF receiver in advance.
Compared with the specified slave unit number and opened when the slave unit number matches.
Load control unit having a decoder for issuing a control signal to a switch
And a load power flowing through the commercial power line.
It is characterized by performing load on / off control corresponding to
I do.

[0007] In the invention described in claim 2,
Is a sensor that detects the load power flowing through the commercial power line
And the power value detected by the sensor is set in advance.
A comparison circuit for comparing with the set power value, and an output signal of the comparison circuit;
Signal modulated signal and preset deman
Main unit equipped with a transmission circuit that transmits a synchronization signal every
A control unit, a transmission signal of the transmission circuit and synchronization
A receiving circuit for receiving a signal, and an output signal of the receiving circuit.
Is a load control unit that issues a switching signal for the load power supply
When the demand time elapses when no synchronization signal is received
From a microcomputer with a program to reset
Multiple loads in a preset order or
From the main control unit depending on the program or
On / off control from load control unit side
And

[0008] In the invention described in claim 3,
Is the one described in claim 1 or 2,
Load control unit decoder or microcomputer output signal
Lights up when power is supplied to the load
And emits an electrical output signal by sensing light emission of the light emitting body
Photocoupler and signal and load control from the photocoupler
Receiving the signal from the decoder of the unit,
When there is a signal input and there is no signal input from the photocoupler
A logic unit for outputting an output signal to the logic unit, and an output of the logic unit
An oscillation circuit that oscillates with a signal, and an oscillation signal of the oscillation circuit.
An external on having a relay that closes a contact when received;
Off control device, and the external on / off control device
Connect the relay contacts in parallel with the power switch of the load
And performs on / off control of the load.

[0009]

With such a configuration, the power value detected by the sensor that detects the load power flowing through the commercial power line is compared with a preset power value by a comparison circuit.
When the resulting signal is transmitted from the main control unit, it is received by the load control unit, and the received signal can control the plurality of loads on and off according to a predetermined sequence or program.

[0010] In this case, the present invention is described in claim 1.
In the invention, the toe which is the output signal of the DTMF generator is used.
Use modulation signals instead of using
Therefore, no malfunction occurs. Claim 2
In the invention, the microcomputer included in the load control unit is stored in the microcomputer.
For a predetermined time without receiving a signal from the control unit
Equipped with a program to return the load to the initial setting when the elapsed time
The main control unit has failed and
Can handle situations where no signal is sent for some reason.
Will be.

Further, in the invention described in claim 3, the negative
Power supply to the load is not simply turned on and off,
For those requiring constant sequence operation, the load is
When the light emitter is not illuminated due to inactivity,
Detects with a coupler and closes the contact through the logic section and oscillation circuit
The relay that controls the power switch circuit in the sequence circuit
Will close.

[0012]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a main control unit and 2 is a load control unit. As described later, the load control unit 2 receives a signal generated by the main control unit 1. 3 is a three-phase 200 volt commercial power line, 4 is a single-phase 1
It is a 00 volt commercial power line. A demand monitoring device 5 is set in the commercial power supply line 3 and monitors a load current flowing through the commercial power supply line 3. The demand monitoring device 5 originally has a function of monitoring the load current and stopping the power supply to the load when the load current exceeds a set value. In the present invention, this function is Instead, an output voltage generated at the output terminal 6 and proportional to the load current is used. In this case, the demand monitoring device 5
Output terminal 6 functions as a sensor for detecting load power flowing through the commercial power supply line 3 which is a power supply line.

The output terminal 6 has an amplifier 7 for amplifying an output voltage generated at the output terminal 6, an A / D converter 8 for converting an analog output signal of the amplifier 7 into a digital signal, and an A / D converter 8. A microcomputer (microcomputer) 9 for taking in an output signal of the converter 8 and a key setting device 10 for inputting a set value to the microcomputer 9 are provided. The microcomputer 9 functions as a comparison circuit that compares a load power value generated at the output terminal 6 with a preset power value.

The microcomputer 9 includes a DTMF generator 11 for receiving a signal output from the microcomputer 9 and generating a tone signal of a predetermined frequency from 16 types of tone signals.
The tone signal which is the output signal of the MF generator 11 is
A modulation circuit 12 that modulates the signal at 00 kHz, and converts an output signal of the modulation circuit 12 into a transmission signal to convert the signal into a commercial power supply line 4.
Is connected. A power supply circuit 14 is connected to the commercial power supply line 4 and supplies power to each component of the main control unit 1 described above.

The load control unit 2 has a commercial power line 4
, A demodulation circuit 16 for demodulating a signal received by the reception circuit 15 into a tone signal, and a DTMF receiver 17 for reading a DTMF signal from the tone signal demodulated by the demodulation circuit 16 When,
A decoder 19 is provided which compares the output signal of the DTMF receiver 17 with a preset slave unit number and issues a control signal to the switch 18 when the slave unit number matches. Reference numeral 20 denotes a slave unit number setting switch for setting a slave unit number in the decoder 19, and reference numeral 21 denotes a power supply circuit connected to the commercial power supply line 4 for supplying power to each component of the load control unit 2 described above. is there.

The switch 18 is connected to the commercial power line 3 and, when activated by the output signal of the decoder 19,
The power supply to the load 22 which has been connected to the power supply and turned off is turned off. If there is no output signal from the decoder 19, the current supply to the load 22 is continued. Note that an air conditioner or the like can be considered as an example of the load 22.

The apparatus configured as described above has a plurality of load control units 2 for one main control unit 1.
Use in combination. As an example, when the DTMF generator 11 emits 16 types of tone signals, in a simple combination, it is possible to use eight load control units 2 assuming that two tone signals are used for ON and OFF. That is, the first load control unit 2
Is turned on by a first tone signal, turned off by a seventh tone signal, the second load control unit 2 is turned on by a second tone signal, and turned off by an eighth tone signal. It is such usage. Since the load control unit 2 is provided for each one of the loads 22, even in this case,
One main control unit 1 can perform on / off control for one load 23 in accordance with the load power.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for the main control unit 1 side of the above operations. That is, in step S1, the power consumption of the load 22 is read, and in the following step S2, a demand value is calculated from the read value. In step S3, it is determined whether the demand value exceeds the target value. If so, an off control signal is sent out in step S4 and the process returns to step S1, and if not, the process proceeds to step S5. , An ON control signal is sent out, and the process returns to step S1.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the load control unit 2. More specifically, communication data is read in step S10, and it is determined in step S11 whether a control signal has been received. As a result, if the control signal has been received, the load control is performed in step S12. If the control signal has not been read, the process returns to step S10 without performing the load control.

FIG . 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
You. In this embodiment, the transmission signal of the transmitting circuit 13 is
The signal is sent to the receiving circuit 15 of the load control unit 2 using the line 31.
It is so. According to this circuit, the dedicated electric wire 31
It will take time to lay, but the influence of radio interference
Since there is no control, more reliable control can be performed.

This embodiment differs from the one shown in FIG.
There is no significant difference in road and basic operation. Therefore, the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be used as they are, but there are some differences in details.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 25 designates a power supply line, which is connected to each input side of a three-phase transformer 27 and a single-phase transformer 28 via a power transformer (potential current transformer) 26. To the output side of the three-phase transformer 27 and the single-phase transformer 28, a three-phase 200 volt commercial power supply line 3 and a single-phase 100 volt commercial power supply line 4 are connected. These commercial power lines 3 and 4
Although shown by one line, it is the same as that shown by three lines in FIG. A composite transaction meter (hereinafter, referred to as a meter) 29 is connected to the power transformer 26.

The meter 29 measures the power consumption based on the output signal of the power transformer 26, and outputs a pulse signal corresponding to the measurement result to the pulse detector 30.
The pulse detector 30 processes a pulse signal from the meter 29, and the output side thereof is connected to the input side of the microcomputer 9 of the control unit 1. In the circuit shown in FIG. 1, the signal from the demand monitoring device 5 is supplied to the microcomputer 9 via the amplifier circuit 7 and the A / D converter 8, and this connection in this embodiment is also the same. Can be obtained.

FIG . 5 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the decoder 19 is provided in the circuits shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 , and a microcomputer 32 is connected in place of the decoder 19, and a signal from the main control unit 1 is supplied by the microcomputer 32 to a predetermined level. When the time (demand time) has not come, a pulse is generated, and the energization control of the switch 18 is controlled by this pulse.

Thus, load control can be performed on the load control unit 2 side in synchronization with the demand time, and when the communication stop state from the main control unit 1 continues after the demand time, the load control unit 2 side Thus, the load can be controlled to the initial setting state irrespective of the control from the main control unit 1 side. Other basic operations are the same as those of the circuits shown in FIGS .

FIGS. 6 and 7 are flow charts for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. To explain this, FIG. 6 shows the operation in the main control unit 1, and the flow up to step S4 is the same as that in FIG. 2. In FIG. In S6, it is determined whether or not the demand time has ended. If the demand time has ended, a synchronization signal is transmitted in step S7.

FIG . 7 shows the operation of the load control unit 2. The operation up to step S12 is the same as the flow of FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, the operation returns to the beginning in step S12. In step S13, it is determined whether or not the synchronization signal has been received. If the reception is confirmed, the demand time is reset in the next step S14. If the reception of the synchronization signal is not confirmed, the demand time is measured in step S15, and if the demand time ends, the load is controlled to the initial setting in step S16. It is returned to the beginning before the demand time ends.

In each of the embodiments described above, the load 22
Can be considered other than the air conditioner.However, even if it is an air conditioner or other load, it may be turned on and off as needed, and the one that can never be turned off Exists. Therefore, when the power consumption reaches a peak, the load 22 that may be turned off is preferentially turned off. When there are a plurality of loads 22, they are turned on and off in a certain order, or a program of the order is prepared, and the loads are controlled in that order.

In the embodiment described above, the power consumption value flowing through the load is obtained by the signal current generated at the output terminal of the demand meter. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, a separate sensor may be provided for detection. As the sensor used in this case, for example, a Hall element or the like can be considered.

FIG . 8 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
This is a clear example. This is an external on / off control device that can be applied to , for example , a portion related to the decoder 19 and the switch 18 in FIG. Explaining this, 33 is a control device provided on the decoder 19 side, and 34 is a microcomputer control device on the switch 18 side controlled by the control device 33. The control unit 33 is provided with a logic unit 35.
Of the load control unit 2 are connected to the input terminals of
Or an external ON signal which is an output signal of the microcomputer 32,
Of the light-emitting body 42 which is turned on when power is supplied to the load 22.
Photocoupler 4 that detects light emission and generates an electrical output signal
3 are added.

The output terminal of the logic unit 35 is an oscillation circuit 36
The output side of the oscillation circuit 36 is connected to a relay 38 via a driver circuit 37. The driver circuit 37 amplifies the output power of the oscillation circuit 36 so that the relay 38 can be driven. The output side (normally open contact) of the relay 38 is connected by a wire 39 to a tact switch (power switch of the load 22 ) provided in the microcomputer control device 34.
Switch) 40 in parallel. Thus, if relay 38 is turned on, if the tact switch 40 is O
Even when it is not turned on , the energization control of a load (not shown) connected to the tact switch 40 by the electric wire 41 can be performed.

The microcomputer control device 34 is provided with a light emitting diode 42 for indicating the operation state thereof, and emits light when the power supply circuit operates. This light emission is confirmed by a photocoupler 43 provided on the control device 33 side, and the output side of the photocoupler 43 is connected to the logic unit 35.

This external ON,
The off control device operates as follows. Logic unit 35
Is the decoder 19 of the load control unit 2 (or
32) and the signal from the photocoupler 43.
Signal is received from the load control unit 2 side
Outputs an output signal when there is no signal input from the photocoupler.
I do. Therefore, when the external ON signal in the logic unit 35 is ON, the oscillation signal is continuously transmitted from the logic unit 35 to the oscillation circuit 36 until the operation signal from the photocoupler 43 is turned ON. The oscillation circuit 37 turns on and off the relay 38 at a fixed cycle (for example, on for one second and off for one second), and the output side contact of the relay 38 is turned on instead of the tact switch 40, so that the microcomputer controller 3
4 is operated. When the microcomputer control device 34 operates, the light emitting diode 42 is turned on, so that the photocoupler 43 detects this and causes the logic unit 35 to stop oscillation.

By using the external ON / OFF control device that operates as described above, it is possible to control an already installed microcomputer control device such as a cooler by an external signal from a demand monitoring device or the like.

[0035]

According to the present invention, a power consumption management system configured as described above is provided.
According to the invention , on / off control of a plurality of loads can be efficiently performed by one main control unit and in a free order or by a program. Also, the signal transmission from the main control unit to the load control unit
Since a commercial power line can be used or a dedicated electric wire can be used, a wide selection can be made according to the situation of the installation location. And when using the commercial power line, the load is a point
Installation work becomes easier when you are present. Commercial power line
Error is likely to occur with ordinary signals due to the characteristics of
In the following description, the tone signal of the DTMF generator is used as is.
Since it is used after being modulated by the modulation circuit without using it, stable control can be performed without being affected by external noise or the like.

According to the second aspect of the present invention,
When the communication stop state from the main control unit continues after the demand time, the load control unit can control the load to the initial setting state regardless of the control from the main control unit. Claim 3
According to the invention described in (1), power supply to the load can be simply performed.
It does not need to be turned on and off, but a certain sequence operation
Usability is improved for what is needed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a main control unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a load control unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the main control unit in FIG. 6;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the load control unit in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an external on / off control device.

[Description of Signs] 1 Main control unit 2 Load control unit 3 Commercial power line 4 Commercial power line 5 Demand monitor 6 Output terminal 9 Microcomputer 10 Key setting device 11 DTMF generator 12 Modulation circuit 13 Transmission circuit 15 Receiving circuit 16 Demodulation circuit 17 DTMF receiver 18 switch 19 decoder 20 slave unit number setting switch 22 load 25 power line 26 power transformer 27 three-phase transformer 28 single-phase transformer 29 composite instrument for transaction 30 pulse detector 31 dedicated electric wire 32 microcomputer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Noriki Hirai 1-112-17 Kamirenjaku, Mitaka City, Tokyo Inside the Atsuden Corporation (72) Inventor Kenya Iwasaki 1-12-17 Kamikarenjaku, Mitaka City, Tokyo Inside Atsuden Corporation (56) References JP-A-56-159935 (JP, A) JP-A-2-72644 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) H02J 3 / 00-5/00 H02J 13/00-13/00 311

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for detecting load power flowing through a commercial power supply line.
Sensor and the power value detected by the sensor are set in advance.
A comparison circuit for comparing with a set power value, and the comparison circuit
Generates a tone signal of a predetermined frequency by the output signal of
TMF generator and output of the DTMF generator
Modulating circuit for modulating a tone signal as a signal and the modulation
Converting the output signal of the circuit into a transmission signal,
Or a transmitter equipped with a transmission circuit to be mounted on a separate commercial power line
Control unit and a transmission line mounted on the commercial power line.
A receiving circuit for receiving a signal, and a signal received by the receiving circuit.
And a demodulation circuit for demodulating the signal into a tone signal.
DTMF for reading DTMF signal from adjusted tone signal
Receiver and the output signal of the DTMF receiver in advance
Compared with the set slave unit number,
Control with a decoder for issuing a control signal to a switch
And a load flowing through the commercial power line.
A power consumption management system that performs on / off control of a load according to electric power. 2. Detecting load power flowing through a commercial power supply line.
Sensor and the power value detected by the sensor are set in advance.
A comparison circuit for comparing with a set power value, and the comparison circuit
The output signal of the
Transmission circuit that transmits a synchronization signal for each demand time
The main control unit and the transmission signal of the transmission circuit
And a receiving circuit for receiving the synchronization signal, and an output of the receiving circuit
Load control unit that issues a load power switching signal
The demand time elapses when no synchronization signal is received
A microcomputer with a program to return the load to the initial settings later
, Consisting of multiple loads in a preset order
Or from the main control unit side by the program
Alternatively, the on / off control can be performed from the load control unit side.
And a power consumption system. 3. The decoder of said load control unit or
When power is supplied to the load by the output signal of the microcomputer
A luminous body that is illuminated at an
A photocoupler that emits an output signal, and
And the signal from the load control unit decoder.
Signal from the decoder, and
A logic unit that emits an output signal when there is no signal input,
An oscillation circuit that oscillates with an output signal of the logic unit;
A relay that closes the contact when receiving the oscillation signal of the vibration circuit
An external on / off control device having:
Turn off the relay contact of the off control
Switch connected in parallel to perform load on / off control.
The power consumption management according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
system.