JP2810969B2 - Structure of osmotic intake and construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial application field" The present invention relates to a structure of an osmotic intake for taking water from the sea, river, lake, etc. for the purpose of aquaculture, fisheries test, drinking water, industrial water, etc. And its construction method.

"Prior art" There are cases where water is taken from the sea, rivers, lakes and marshes for the purpose of aquaculture, fisheries testing, drinking water, industrial water, and the like, and a water intake device is used for such water intake.

The water intake device, a water intake device main body installed on the ground, and a water intake pipe having one end connected to the water intake device main body,
The intake pipe connected to the other end of the intake pipe.

Conventionally, various types of water intake systems have been developed and provided, and when classified into structural types, there are a direct water intake system (selective water intake system) and an osmotic water intake system.

The water intake according to the direct water intake method is suspended from the water, such as the sea, to which water is to be taken, and directly takes in seawater from the water intake.

The infiltration type water intake system is buried in the water bottom of the sea or the like to be withdrawn, and takes in seawater or the like that has penetrated through the earth and sand from the water intake.

“Problems to be Solved by the Invention” However, the intakes according to the above two intake systems have the following problems.

In the direct water intake method, prevention of earth and sand suction,
It is necessary to prevent the scouring from affecting the intake structure, and it is necessary to provide a relatively deep intake from the viewpoint of ensuring water quality. Therefore, in the direct water intake system, the water intake is not damaged by waves,
Unlike the infiltration type water intake method, the amount of water intake does not decrease due to clogging, but the length of the intake pipe must be lengthened, and the diameter of the intake pipe must be reduced because it is necessary to consider the adhesion of aquatic organisms inside the pipe. Must be bigger. Therefore, there is a problem that a considerable cost is required for the construction cost of the water intake device having the water intake according to the direct water intake method.

The water intake for the infiltration type water intake system allows water to be taken from a shallow place near the water's edge, and the water taken in is filtered as it permeates through the earth and sand to obtain high quality water at low cost. On the other hand, the water intake according to the osmotic water intake system has problems such as a decrease in water intake due to clogging and damage due to waves (damage due to water impact, cavitation, etc.).

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and it is an object of the present invention to reduce the construction cost of a water intake device as compared with the related art, to reduce the water intake amount and to reduce the water intake. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a permeation type water intake which is not damaged and a method of constructing the same.

Means for Solving the Problems The gist of the invention described in claim 1 is that a osmosis system for taking in water such as seawater, river water, lake water, and the like, and for preventing inflow of suspended matter such as sand in water. An intake port, comprising a water collection tank buried in the water bottom with a buried material, a water collection pipe and a water intake pipe attached to the water collection tank, and the buried material is a sand-permeable layer and a filter sequentially deposited from a dug surface. A water-permeable sheet between the filter layer and the buried layer, the water collecting pipe is provided in the filter layer, and the water intake pipe has a part thereof embedded in the filter layer. It has a structure of a permeated water intake characterized by being buried in wood.

The gist of the invention according to claim 2 is a step of forming a drilling hole in the sea floor, a step of installing the water collecting tank in the drilling hole, a step of sequentially forming the sand-permeable layer and the filter layer, and 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: laying the permeable sheet on a layer; and forming the buried layer on the permeable sheet.

"Operation" The buried material prevents the non-adherence of organisms in the intake pipe. Therefore, the diameter of the intake pipe can be reduced. The length of the intake pipe is shorter than that of the direct intake method because it is based on the osmotic intake method. Therefore, the present invention can reduce the construction cost of the water intake device according to the related art.

The water permeable sheet prevents inflow of earth and sand into the filter layer. The filter layer prevents sediment from falling into the collection pipe. The permeable layer prevents sedimentation in the filter layer. Therefore, the water-permeable sheet, the filter layer, and the sand-permeable layer prevent clogging of the water collecting pipe. Therefore, the present invention can prevent a decrease in water intake.

The buried material prevents damage to the intake by waves. Therefore, the present invention can prevent breakage of the water intake.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in the present embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to them unless otherwise specified. , Are merely illustrative examples.

First, the structure of the permeated water intake A according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the infiltration type water intake A, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line aa in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line bb in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the infiltration type water intake A is provided in a seabed B cut into a truncated cone to take in seawater and prevent inflow of suspended matter such as sand. , A water collecting tank 10 buried with the burying material 20, a water intake pipe 50 and eight water collecting pipes 40 attached to the water collecting tank 10.

The buried material 20 is composed of a sand-permeable layer 21, a filter layer 22, and a buried layer 23 which are sequentially deposited from the excavated sea bottom (excavated surface e). The sand-permeable layer 21 is made of a crushed stone 21a having a particle size capable of transmitting sand. The filter layer 22 is made of a pea gravel 22a or the like. The buried layer 23 is obtained by regenerating excavated soil 23a generated when excavating the seabed B.
The thickness is set to a sufficient thickness so that the infiltration type water intake A is not damaged by waves, drifting sand, or the like.

The water collecting tank 10 is a cylindrical body whose bottom surface is in contact with the excavation surface e and is an octagonal prism extending from the excavation surface e to the seabed B surface. The upper surface of the water collecting tank 10 is covered with a lid 11 such as a manhole, and has a sediment reservoir 10a at a lower portion.

A water permeable sheet 30 is provided between the filter layer 22 and the buried layer 23.
Is interposed. What is necessary is just to use the thing suitable for implementing this invention as the said water-permeable sheet 30.

Each water collecting pipe 40 has a T-shape in a plan view in a state where it is attached to the water collecting tank 10 as shown in FIG. 2, and is a pipe body having light over substantially all side surfaces, and is embedded below the filter layer 22. It becomes. In the water collecting tank 10, a portion corresponding to the end of the T-shaped vertical bar portion of each water collecting pipe 40 is collected.
Are installed one at a time below the center of each side surface (the position where the filter layer 22 is to be located when the permeation type intake port A is installed).

The water intake pipe 50 has one end attached to the water collecting tank 10, the other end attached to a water collecting device main body (not shown), and a part on the water collecting tank 10 side embedded in the filter layer 22.

Next, a method of constructing the infiltration type water intake A will be described.

First, an excavation hole H is provided by excavating the seabed B into a truncated cone.

Next, the water collecting tank 10 to which the water collecting pipe 40 and the water collecting pipe 50 are attached is installed on the excavation surface e.

Next, in the excavation hole H, the crushed stone 21a and the pebble 2
The sand-permeable layer 21 and the filter layer 22 are formed by regenerating 2a.

Next, a water permeable sheet 30 is laid on the filter layer 22.

Next, the buried layer 23 is formed by back-filling the excavated soil 23a on the permeable sheet 30.

Through the above steps, the osmotic water intake A can be buried in the seabed B.

In the above construction method, each water collecting pipe 40 and the water collecting pipe 50 are attached to the water collecting tank 10 in advance, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and other methods such as the water collecting tank 10 are used in the present invention. After installing on the excavation surface e,
A suitable construction method for implementing the present invention, such as attaching the intake pipe 40 or the intake pipe 50, can be adopted.

Next, the operation of the osmotic water intake A configured as described above will be described.

The water collecting pipe 40 collects seawater that has penetrated the buried material 20.

 The water collecting tank 10 stores the seawater collected by the water collecting pipe 40.

 The water intake pipe 50 takes in seawater collected in the water collecting tank 10.

The buried material 20 prevents organisms from adhering to the intake pipe 50. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the pipe diameter in advance in consideration of the adhesion, and the pipe diameter of the water intake pipe 50 can be set to the minimum diameter necessary for water intake. Since the permeation type water intake A is related to the permeation type water intake system, its length is shorter than that of the direct water intake system.

The water-permeable sheet 30 prevents inflow of earth and sand into the filter layer 22. The filter layer 22 prevents sediment from falling into the water collecting pipe 40. The permeable layer 21 prevents sediment from accumulating on the filter layer 22. Therefore, the water-permeable sheet 30, the filter layer 22, and the sand-permeable layer 21 prevent the water collecting pipe 40 from being clogged.

The buried material 20 is made thick enough to protect the seepage type intake A from waves, drifting sand, etc., thereby preventing the seepage type intake A from being damaged by waves.

The water collection from the water collection pipe 40 is performed by a water intake pump in the water intake device main body.

Next, the effect of the osmotic water intake A configured as described above will be described.

The buried material 20 can reduce the diameter of the intake pipe 50,
Since the intake pipe 50 is shorter than the direct intake system, the construction cost of the intake apparatus can be reduced as compared with the prior art.

The water-permeable sheet 30, the filter layer 22, and the sand-permeable layer 21 prevent clogging of the water collecting tube 40, so that a decrease in water intake can be prevented.

The buried material 20 is made thick enough to protect the seepage-type intake port A from waves, drifting sand, etc., so that damage to the seepage-type intake port A can be prevented.

Further, since a large number of water collecting pipes 40 are arranged radially from the water collecting tank 10, the water collecting pipes 40 are arranged in a narrow area around the water collecting tank 10.
, The area occupied by the sea area is small, and it is possible to reduce the construction period and construction cost in terms of construction. In addition, when collecting the same amount of water, the flow rate can be made more uniform when the number of water collection pipes 40 is larger than when the number of water collection pipes 40 is small.
(Maximum average flow velocity in the pipe can be reduced.)
Therefore, stable water intake with little clogging becomes possible (the higher the average flow velocity in the pipe, the greater the dust collection force).

The lid 11 is openable and closable, and the water collecting tank 10 is
Since 10a is provided, it is possible to repair or check when the above occurs in the osmotic water intake A.

In addition, in this embodiment, the infiltration type intake port A is installed in the seabed B. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. , A river bottom, or the like, which is suitable for carrying out the present invention.

Further, the water collecting tank 10 is a cylindrical body, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto. In the present invention, other shapes, for example, a quadrangular prism, a shape suitable for practicing the present invention. It can be.

Further, although a perforated pipe is used as the water collecting pipe 40, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention implements the present invention, such as a pipe made of a water-permeable material. The above suitable one can be used.

“Effects of the Invention” The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects.

The buried material can reduce the diameter of the intake pipe to a necessary minimum, and the intake pipe is shorter than the direct intake system, so that the construction cost of the intake apparatus can be reduced as compared with the prior art.

The permeable sheet prevents the inflow of sediment into the filter layer, the filter layer prevents the sediment from falling into the collecting pipe, and the permeable layer prevents the accumulation of sediment on the filter layer. The permeable layer prevents clogging of the collecting pipe. As a result, the present invention can prevent a decrease in water intake.

The buried material is made thick enough to protect the osmotic inlet from waves, drifting sand, etc., so that damage to the osmotic inlet can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a permeation type water intake according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the permeation type water intake, and FIG. 2 is aa in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line bb in FIG. 1. A: Infiltration water inlet, B: Ocean floor, H: Drilled hole, e ...
… Excavated surface, 10… water collecting tank, 20… buried material, 21… permeable layer, 21a…
Particle size adjustment crushed stone, 22 …… Filter layer, 22a …… Gravel, 2
3 ... Buried layer, 23a ... Drilling, 30 ... Permeable sheet, 40
…… water collecting pipe, 50 …… intake pipe.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E03B 3/32 E03B 3/36 E03B 3/40 E03B 3/04

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A permeation type water intake for taking in water such as seawater, river water, lake water and the like, and for preventing inflow of suspended matter such as sand, which is buried in a water bottom by a buried material. A water collecting tank, comprising a water collecting pipe and an intake pipe attached to the water collecting tank, wherein the burying material has a sand-permeable layer, a filter layer, and a burying layer sequentially deposited from an excavation surface, and the filter layer and the burying layer. A water permeable sheet is interposed between the filter layers, the water collecting pipe is embedded in the filter layer, and the water intake pipe is partially embedded in the embedding process. Structure. 2. A step of providing a drilling hole in the sea floor, a step of installing the water collecting tank in the excavation hole, a step of sequentially forming the sand-permeable layer and the filter layer, and a step of forming the water-permeable layer on the filter layer. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: laying a sheet; and forming the buried layer on the permeable sheet.