JP2805653B2 - Non-magnetic one-component developer - Google Patents
Non-magnetic one-component developerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2805653B2 JP2805653B2 JP2057727A JP5772790A JP2805653B2 JP 2805653 B2 JP2805653 B2 JP 2805653B2 JP 2057727 A JP2057727 A JP 2057727A JP 5772790 A JP5772790 A JP 5772790A JP 2805653 B2 JP2805653 B2 JP 2805653B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- developing
- developer
- toner
- magnetic
- average particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0821—Developers with toner particles characterised by physical parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0819—Developers with toner particles characterised by the dimensions of the particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0827—Developers with toner particles characterised by their shape, e.g. degree of sphericity
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、電子写真方式による複写機や静電記録装置
に用いられる現像剤、並びに現像方法に関し、より詳細
には、画像濃度、解像度、階調性等の画像特性に優れた
非磁性一成分現像剤、並びに該現像剤を用いた現像方法
に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a developer and a developing method used for an electrophotographic copying machine or an electrostatic recording apparatus, and more particularly, to image density, resolution, The present invention relates to a non-magnetic one-component developer excellent in image characteristics such as gradation, and a developing method using the developer.
電子複写機や静電記録装置に用いられる現像方法とし
て、搬送部材によって現像剤を搬送し、この現像剤によ
って感光体上に形成された静電潜像を可視像化する方法
は周知である。As a developing method used in an electronic copying machine or an electrostatic recording apparatus, a method of transporting a developer by a transport member and visualizing an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoconductor by the developer is well known. .
この現像方法では、一般に、トナーのみからなる一成
分系の現像剤、あるいはトナーとキャリヤーからなる二
成分系の現像剤が用いられている。In this developing method, a one-component developer composed of only a toner or a two-component developer composed of a toner and a carrier is generally used.
近年、装置を小型化でき、保守が容易であるという利
点より、トナーのみからなる一成分系の現像剤を用いた
各種の現像方式が提唱されている(米国特許第3,909,25
8号、米国特許第4,121,931号など)。In recent years, various types of developing methods using a one-component developer consisting of toner alone have been proposed because of the advantages that the apparatus can be downsized and maintenance is easy (US Pat. No. 3,909,25).
No. 8, U.S. Pat. No. 4,121,931).
ところで、一成分系現像剤として、磁性粉を含んだ磁
性一成分現像剤があるが、これは、比較的比抵抗の小さ
い磁性トナーを用いるので、静電潜像上の現像像を普通
紙等の支持部材へ静電的に転写することが困難であり、
また、トナーに多量の磁性粉を含有させるため、カラー
トナーが得られない。By the way, as a one-component developer, there is a magnetic one-component developer containing a magnetic powder. However, since a magnetic toner having a relatively small specific resistance is used, a developed image on an electrostatic latent image is transferred to plain paper or the like. It is difficult to transfer electrostatically to the support member of
Further, since a large amount of magnetic powder is contained in the toner, a color toner cannot be obtained.
そこで、最近、磁性粉を含有せず、比抵抗の大きな非
磁性一成分現像剤を用いた現像法が注目を集めている。
この非磁性一成分現像剤は、通常、結着樹脂とカーボン
ブラック等の着色剤を含むものであり、カラー化への対
応二有利である。Therefore, recently, a developing method using a non-magnetic one-component developer having a large specific resistance without containing magnetic powder has attracted attention.
This non-magnetic one-component developer usually contains a binder resin and a colorant such as carbon black, which is advantageous for colorization.
非磁性一成分現像剤(以下、非磁性トナーともいう)
を用いた現像法は、例えば、第1図に示す現像装置を使
用して以下のように行なうものである。Non-magnetic one-component developer (hereinafter also referred to as non-magnetic toner)
Is carried out, for example, as follows using a developing device shown in FIG.
すなわち、感光体1の近傍に設置したトナー容器2内
に、感光体1と圧接して現像ロール3、およびトナー補
給ロール4が設けられており、現像ロール3には、電源
5により現像バイアスが印加されている。That is, a developing roll 3 and a toner replenishing roll 4 are provided in pressure contact with the photoreceptor 1 in a toner container 2 installed near the photoreceptor 1, and a developing bias is applied to the developing roll 3 by a power supply 5. Has been applied.
また、トナー容器2内には、非磁性トナーよりなる一
成分現像剤6が収容されていて、トナー補給ロール4の
回転により、当該ロール4の表面に供給されたトナー6
が現像ロール3との接触面に搬送される。さらに、非磁
性トナーは、現像ロール3の回転とともに感光体1側へ
運ばれ、感光体1の表面に形成された静電潜像が現像さ
れるようになっている。The toner container 2 contains a one-component developer 6 made of a non-magnetic toner, and the toner 6 supplied to the surface of the toner supply roll 4 is rotated by the rotation of the toner supply roll 4.
Is transported to the contact surface with the developing roll 3. Further, the non-magnetic toner is carried to the photoconductor 1 side with the rotation of the developing roll 3 so that the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photoconductor 1 is developed.
この現像方法においては、現像ロール3上に均一な厚
さでかつ薄い非磁性トナー層を形成させることが重要で
あり、このために現像ロール3の表面に付着する非磁性
トナー層の厚さを均一に規制する層厚規制部材7が設け
られている。In this developing method, it is important to form a non-magnetic toner layer having a uniform thickness and a small thickness on the developing roll 3. For this reason, the thickness of the non-magnetic toner layer adhering to the surface of the developing roll 3 must be reduced. A layer thickness regulating member 7 that regulates uniformly is provided.
しかし、この現像方法に、従来二成分系現像剤に用い
られてきた結着樹脂と着色剤からなるトナーを一成分現
像剤として用いると、トナー補給が不安定で、現像ロー
ル上に薄い均一なトナー層を形成することが極めて困難
であり、十分な摩擦帯電が起らず、画像濃度の低い、地
肌汚れの多い貧弱な画像しか得られない。However, in this developing method, when a toner composed of a binder resin and a colorant, which has been conventionally used for a two-component developer, is used as a one-component developer, toner replenishment is unstable, and a thin uniform It is extremely difficult to form a toner layer, sufficient triboelectric charging does not occur, and only a poor image with a low image density and a lot of background stains can be obtained.
本発明の目的は、トナー補給が安定であり、現像ロー
ル上に薄い均一なトナー層が得られ、感光体上の静電潜
像に対し、再現よく、かつ、十分なトナーが現像ロール
より移行することにより、画像濃度が高く、しかも地肌
汚れの等の欠点がない非磁性一成分現像剤を提供するこ
とにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a stable toner replenishment, obtain a thin and uniform toner layer on a developing roll, and reproduce a sufficient amount of toner with respect to an electrostatic latent image on a photoreceptor from the developing roll. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-magnetic one-component developer having high image density and free from defects such as background stain.
また、本発明の目的は、このような優れた特性を有す
る非磁性一成分現像剤を用いた現像方法を提供すること
にある。Another object of the present invention is to provide a developing method using a non-magnetic one-component developer having such excellent characteristics.
さらに、本発明の目的は、特に、トナーの極性が感光
体上の静電潜像の極性と同一である反転現像方式による
現像方法、および/または、感光体上の静電潜像と現像
ロールを直接接触させて現像する現像方法を提供するこ
とにある。Another object of the present invention is to provide a developing method using a reversal developing method in which the polarity of the toner is the same as the polarity of the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor, and / or the development roller and the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor. To provide a developing method for directly contacting and developing.
本発明者らは、前記従来技術の有する問題点を克服す
るために鋭意研究した結果、非磁性トナーの形状、粒
径、粒径分布、帯電量等を特定の限られた範囲に制御す
ることにより、前記目的を達成できることを見出し、そ
の知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to overcome the problems of the prior art and found that the shape, particle size, particle size distribution, charge amount, etc. of the non-magnetic toner can be controlled to a specific limited range. As a result, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved, and have completed the present invention based on the findings.
かくして、本発明によれば、現像ロールおよび該現像
ロール上に供給する現像剤の層厚を均一に規制する現像
ブレードを備えた現像装置によって、感光体上に形成さ
れた静電潜像を現像剤により現像する方法で用いられる
現像剤において、現像剤が結着樹脂と着色剤を含み、 (a)体積平均粒径(dv)が5〜15μmの範囲で、 (b)体積平均粒径(dv)と個数平均粒径(dn)の比
(dv/dn)が1.00〜1.40の範囲であり、 (c)粒子の絶対最大長を直径とした円の面積(Sc)を
粒子の実質投影面積(Sr)で割った値(Sc/Sr)が1.00
〜1.30の範囲、かつ、 (d)BET法による比表面積(A)(m2/g)、個数平均
粒径(dn)(μm)および真比重(D)の積(A*dn*
D)が5〜10の範囲の実質的に球形で、さらに、 (e)帯電量(Q)(μc/g)と比表面積(A)の比(Q
/A)が15〜70の範囲にある、ことを特徴とする非磁性一
成分現像剤が提供される。Thus, according to the present invention, the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductor is developed by the developing device including the developing roll and the developing blade for uniformly regulating the layer thickness of the developer supplied on the developing roll. (B) volume average particle diameter (dv) in the range of 5 to 15 μm; and (b) volume average particle diameter (dv). The ratio (dv / dn) of dv) to the number average particle size (dn) is in the range of 1.00 to 1.40, and (c) the area (Sc) of a circle whose diameter is the absolute maximum length of the particle is the actual projected area of the particle. The value (Sc / Sr) divided by (Sr) is 1.00
And (d) the product (A * dn *) of the specific surface area (A) (m 2 / g), the number average particle diameter (dn) (μm), and the true specific gravity (D) according to the BET method.
D) is substantially spherical in the range of 5 to 10;
/ A) is in the range of 15 to 70.
また、本発明によれば、前記の現像方法において、現
像剤として前記非磁性一成分現像剤を用いることを特徴
とする現像方法が提供される。Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a developing method as described above, wherein the nonmagnetic one-component developer is used as a developer.
特に、この現像方法として、感光体上の静電潜像の極
性と非極性一成分現像剤の極性とが同一である反転現像
方式により現像する方法、また、感光体上の静電潜像と
現像ロールを直接接触させて現像する方法が提供され
る。In particular, as the developing method, a method of developing by a reversal developing method in which the polarity of the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor and the polarity of the non-polar one-component developer are the same, There is provided a method of developing by directly contacting a developing roll.
さらに、この実質的に球形の非磁性一成分現像剤は、
ビニル系単量体と着色剤を含む均一混合液を懸濁重合法
によって重合することにより製造することができる。Further, the substantially spherical non-magnetic one-component developer is
It can be produced by polymerizing a homogeneous mixture containing a vinyl monomer and a colorant by a suspension polymerization method.
ここで、本発明における現像剤の物性測定方法および
測定装置は、下記の通りである。Here, the method and apparatus for measuring the physical properties of the developer in the present invention are as follows.
Sc/Srは、画像処理解析装置により下記の条件で測定
し解析した値である。Sc / Sr is a value measured and analyzed by an image processing analyzer under the following conditions.
画像処理解析装置:ルーゼックスIID((株)ニコレ
製) フレーム面積に対する粒子の面積率:Max2%トータル
処理粒子数:1000個 (Sc/Sr値は、1000個の個数平均で示す。) また、BET法比表面積(A)は、島津製作所製の比表
面積自動測定装置2200型を用いて測定した値であり、体
積平均粒径(dv)および個数平均粒径(dn)は、コール
ターカウンター(モデルTA−II型、(株)日科機製)に
より測定した値であり、真比重は、ベックマン比重計に
より測定した値である。Image processing analyzer: Luzex IID (manufactured by Nicole Corp.) Area ratio of particles to frame area: Max 2% Total number of processed particles: 1000 (Sc / Sr values are indicated by the number average of 1,000) BET The specific surface area (A) is a value measured using a specific surface area automatic measuring apparatus Model 2200 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The volume average particle diameter (dv) and the number average particle diameter (dn) are measured with a Coulter counter (model TA). -II type, manufactured by Nikkaki Co., Ltd.), and the true specific gravity is a value measured by a Beckman hydrometer.
以下、本発明について詳述する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
(非磁性一成分現像剤) 従来、トナーは、一般に、結着樹脂と着色剤を含む混
合物を溶融混練し、次いで冷却してから粉砕機で粉砕
し、分級して粒径を揃えることにより調製していた。と
ころが、このような粉砕方式により得られるトナーは、
粒子形状が不定形であり、粒子の絶対最大長を直径とし
た円の面積(Sc)を粒子の実質投影面積(Sr)で割った
値(Sc/Sr)は一般に1.3を越えるものとなり。また、BE
T法比表面積(A)が大きくなり、比表面積(A)(m2/
g)、個数平均粒径(dn)(μm)および真比重(D)
の積(A*dn*D)の値は10を越えるものとなる。(Non-magnetic one-component developer) Conventionally, a toner is generally prepared by melting and kneading a mixture containing a binder resin and a colorant, then cooling, pulverizing with a pulverizer, and classifying to uniform particle diameters. Was. However, the toner obtained by such a pulverization method is
The particle shape is irregular, and the value (Sc / Sr) obtained by dividing the area (Sc) of a circle whose diameter is the absolute maximum length of the particle by the actual projected area (Sr) of the particle generally exceeds 1.3. Also, BE
T method specific surface area (A) increases, specific surface area (A) (m 2 /
g), number average particle diameter (dn) (μm) and true specific gravity (D)
The value of the product (A * dn * D) exceeds 10.
上記のような形状、性質を持つトナーは、流動性が、
悪く、前記現像方法における現像剤として使用した場合
には、現像ロール上に供給されるトナー層が不均一とな
り、画像濃度が低く、しかも濃度ムラ、地肌汚れが多い
画像となってしまう。The toner having the shape and properties as described above has fluidity,
On the other hand, when used as a developer in the developing method, the toner layer supplied on the developing roll becomes non-uniform, resulting in an image having a low image density and having a lot of density unevenness and background stain.
一方、本発明の非磁性トナーは、粒子の絶対最大長を
直径とした円の面積(Sc)を粒子の実質投影面積(Sr)
で割った値(Sc/Sr)が1.00〜1.30の範囲にあり、か
つ、BET法による比表面積(A)(m2/g)、個数平均粒
径(dn)(μm)および真比重(D)の積(A*dn*
D)が5〜10の範囲の、実質的に球場な粒子であるた
め、その流動性は極めて良好である。On the other hand, in the non-magnetic toner of the present invention, the area (Sc) of a circle having the absolute maximum length of the particle as the diameter is calculated as the substantial projected area (Sr) of the particle.
(Sc / Sr) is in the range of 1.00 to 1.30, and the specific surface area (A) (m 2 / g), number average particle diameter (dn) (μm), and true specific gravity (D ) Product (A * dn *)
Since D) is a substantially spherical particle in the range of 5 to 10, the fluidity thereof is extremely good.
さらに、上記の実質的に球形のトナーの中でも、その
体積平均粒径(dv)が5〜15μmの範囲、体積平均粒径
(dv)と個数平均粒径(dn)の比(dv/dn)が1.00〜1.4
0、好ましくは1.00〜1.25の範囲で、かつ、ブローオフ
法(キャリヤーTEFV150/250、トナー濃度5%、150rpm
回転で30分間混合攪拌後に測定)による帯電量(Q)
(μc/g)と比表面積(A)の比(Q/A)が15〜70、好ま
しくは20〜60の範囲の特性を備えたトナーを前記現像方
法における現像剤として使用すると、現像ロール上に均
一な薄いトナー層が形成され、感光体上の潜像へのトナ
ーの乗りが良く、しかも粒子表面の電荷が一定かつ均一
であるため、転写工程におけるトナーの転写効率が高く
なる。この結果、画像濃度が高い、ちり、ムラのない鮮
明な像が形成される。ただし、帯電量(Q)及び比(Q/
A)は、絶対値を示す。Further, among the above substantially spherical toners, the volume average particle diameter (dv) is in the range of 5 to 15 μm, and the ratio of the volume average particle diameter (dv) to the number average particle diameter (dn) (dv / dn). Is 1.00-1.4
0, preferably in the range of 1.00 to 1.25, and the blow-off method (carrier TEFV150 / 250, toner concentration 5%, 150 rpm
(Measured after mixing and stirring for 30 minutes by rotation)
When a toner having a characteristic (Q / A) of (μc / g) and specific surface area (A) in the range of 15 to 70, preferably 20 to 60 is used as a developer in the above-mentioned developing method, the toner on the developing roll Since a uniform thin toner layer is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor, the toner can easily ride on the latent image, and the charge on the particle surface is constant and uniform. As a result, a clear image having a high image density and having no dust and unevenness is formed. However, the charge amount (Q) and the ratio (Q /
A) shows the absolute value.
また、本発明の非磁性トナーを用いると、現像ロール
上とトナー層厚規制部材間での摩擦帯電性も、一定かつ
均一となり、感光体上の静電潜像と現像ロールを直接接
触させる接触現像方式を採用しても、地肌汚れが生じな
い。Further, when the non-magnetic toner of the present invention is used, the frictional charging property between the developing roller and the toner layer thickness regulating member becomes constant and uniform, and the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor is brought into direct contact with the developing roller. Even if the developing method is adopted, background stain does not occur.
感光体上の現像像を紙等の支持体上に転写する転写工
程後のブレード等によるクリーニング工程においても、
本発明の非磁性トナーは、ほとんど感光体上より除去さ
れ、わずかに除去されずに感光体上に残留したトナー
も、次の現像工程で現像と同時に現像ロールで除去され
るため、長期連続現像でも安定した良好な画像が得られ
る。In a cleaning process using a blade or the like after the transfer process of transferring the developed image on the photoconductor onto a support such as paper,
The non-magnetic toner of the present invention is mostly removed from the photoreceptor, and the toner remaining on the photoreceptor without being slightly removed is also removed by the developing roll at the same time as the development in the next development step, so that the long-term continuous development However, a stable and good image can be obtained.
これらの優れた作用効果は、非磁性トナー粒子の形
状、粒径、粒径分布、帯電量等が相互にバランスした結
果、初めて得られるものである。These excellent effects can be obtained for the first time as a result of the shape, particle size, particle size distribution, charge amount, and the like of the nonmagnetic toner particles being mutually balanced.
前記の形状係数(Sc/Sr)及びせき(A*dn*D)の
条件を満足しない粒子をトナーとして用いると、転写効
率が低く、画像濃度が不十分で、地肌汚れや画像ムラが
発生する。If particles that do not satisfy the conditions of the shape factor (Sc / Sr) and cough (A * dn * D) are used as the toner, the transfer efficiency is low, the image density is insufficient, and the background stain and image unevenness occur. .
体積平均粒径(dv)が5μm未満または15μmを越え
る非磁性トナーでは、現像ロール上のトナー層の均一化
が得られないか、あるいは転写効率が悪くなり、十分な
画像濃度が得られない。With a non-magnetic toner having a volume average particle diameter (dv) of less than 5 μm or more than 15 μm, uniformity of the toner layer on the developing roll cannot be obtained, or transfer efficiency deteriorates, and sufficient image density cannot be obtained.
体積平均粒径(dv)と個数平均粒径(dn)の比(dv/d
n)が1.40を越えるような粒径分布が広いものでは、長
期連続現像時にトナー補給が極めて不安定となってしま
う。The ratio of the volume average particle diameter (dv) to the number average particle diameter (dn) (dv / d
If the particle size distribution is so wide that n) exceeds 1.40, toner replenishment becomes extremely unstable during long-term continuous development.
帯電量(Q)(μc/g)と比表面積(A)の比(Q/A)
が15未満または70を越えるトナーを使用した場合には、
十分な画像濃度が得られなかったり、地肌汚れの多い画
像となってしまう。また、転写後のクリーニング工程お
いても、トナーの感光体への付着が強すぎるため、クリ
ーニングブレード等により十分な除去が行なわれず、ゴ
ースト像の発生等不具合が生じる。Ratio (Q / A) of charge amount (Q) (μc / g) and specific surface area (A)
If less than 15 or more than 70 toner is used,
A sufficient image density cannot be obtained, or the image has a lot of background stains. Also, in the cleaning step after the transfer, the toner is too strongly adhered to the photoreceptor, so that it is not sufficiently removed by a cleaning blade or the like, and a problem such as generation of a ghost image occurs.
(非磁性一成分現像材の製造方法) 本発明の非磁性トナーは、ビニル系単量体と着色剤を
含む均一混合液を懸濁重合法により重合させて得ること
ができる。(Production Method of Non-Magnetic One-Component Developer) The non-magnetic toner of the present invention can be obtained by polymerizing a homogeneous mixture containing a vinyl monomer and a colorant by a suspension polymerization method.
具体的な懸濁重合法としては、例ば、ビニル系単量
体、着色材、ラジカル重合開始剤、所望により各種添加
剤などを含む混合物をボールミル等で均一に分散させて
均一混合液を調製し、次いで、この均一混合液を高煎断
攪拌により水中に微細化して分散させて水分散液とし、
通常、30〜200℃の温度で懸濁重合する方法がある。As a specific suspension polymerization method, for example, a uniform mixture is prepared by uniformly dispersing a mixture containing a vinyl monomer, a colorant, a radical polymerization initiator, and various additives as required by a ball mill or the like. Then, this homogenous mixed solution is finely dispersed in water by high decoction and stirring to form an aqueous dispersion,
Usually, there is a method of performing suspension polymerization at a temperature of 30 to 200 ° C.
ここで用いられるビニル系単量体としては、例えば、
スチレン、ビニルトルエン、α−メチルスチレン等のス
チレン系単量体;アクリル酸、メタクリル酸;アクリル
酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸プロピル、ア
クリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタ
アクリル酸エチル、メタルリル酸プロピル、メタクリル
酸ブチル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリ
ル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、アクリロニトリル、アクリ
ルアミド等のアクリル酸若しくはメタクリル酸の誘導
体;エチレン、プロピレン、ブチレン等のエチレン性不
飽和モノオレフィン;塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、フ
ッ化ビニル等のハロゲン化ビニル;酢酸ビニル、プロピ
オン酸ビニル等のビニルエステル;ビニルメチルエーテ
ル、ビニルエチルエーテル等のビニルエーテル;ビニル
メチルケトン、メチルイソプロペニルケトン等のビニル
ケトン;2−ビニルピリジン、4−ビニルピリジン、N−
ビニルピロリドン等の含窒素ビニル化合物等が挙げられ
る。これらのビニル系単量体は単独で用いてもよいし、
複数の単量体を組み合わせて用い共重合させてもよい。Examples of the vinyl monomer used here include, for example,
Styrene monomers such as styrene, vinyltoluene and α-methylstyrene; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, Derivatives of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid such as propyl metal acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, and acrylamide; ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as ethylene, propylene and butylene; vinyl chloride; Vinyl halides such as vinylidene chloride and vinyl fluoride; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether and vinyl ethyl ether; vinyl methyl ketone and methyl Vinyl ketones such as isopropenyl ketone; 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, N-
Nitrogen-containing vinyl compounds such as vinylpyrrolidone and the like. These vinyl monomers may be used alone,
A plurality of monomers may be used in combination for copolymerization.
また、これらのビニル系単量体とともに、任意の架橋
剤、例えば、ジビニルベンゼン、ジビニルナフタレンお
よびその誘導体の芳香族ジビニル化合物;エチレングリ
コールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールメタク
リレート等のジエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸エステル;
N,N−ジビニルアニリン、ジビニルエーテル等のジビニ
ル化合物、および3個以上のビニル基を有する化合物を
単独あるいは2種類以上組み合わせて用いることができ
る。In addition, along with these vinyl monomers, an optional crosslinking agent, for example, divinylbenzene, aromatic divinyl compounds of divinylnaphthalene and derivatives thereof; ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as diethylene glycol methacrylate;
Divinyl compounds such as N, N-divinylaniline and divinyl ether, and compounds having three or more vinyl groups can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本発明に用いられる着色剤としては、例ば、カーボン
ブラック、アニリンブラック、スリスタルバイオレッ
ト、ローダミンB、マラカイトグリーン、ニグロシン、
銅フタロシアニン、アゾ染料等の顔料、染料が1種また
は2種以上で併用できる。Examples of the colorant used in the present invention include, for example, carbon black, aniline black, crystal violet, rhodamine B, malachite green, nigrosine,
Pigments and dyes such as copper phthalocyanine and azo dyes can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
さらに、ニグロシン染料、モノアゾ染料、含金属染
料、亜鉛ヘキサデシルサクシネート、ナフトエ酸のアル
キルエステルまたはアルキルアミド、ニトロフミン酸、
N,N′−テトラメチルジアミンベンゾフェノン、N,N′−
テトラメチルベンジジン、トリアジン、サリチル酸金属
錯体等のこの分野で帯電制御剤と呼ばれる極性の強い物
質を、1種あるいは2種以上含有させてもよい。Further, nigrosine dye, monoazo dye, metal-containing dye, zinc hexadecyl succinate, alkyl ester or alkyl amide of naphthoic acid, nitrohumic acid,
N, N'-tetramethyldiaminebenzophenone, N, N'-
One or more kinds of strongly polar substances called charge control agents in this field, such as tetramethylbenzidine, triazine and metal salicylate complex, may be contained.
また、本発明の非磁性トナーには、帯電性、導電性、
流動性、または感光体もしくは定着ロールへの付着を制
御するための各種添加剤を含有させるのか、あるいは外
添することができる。Further, the non-magnetic toner of the present invention has a chargeability, conductivity,
Various additives for controlling the fluidity or adhesion to the photoreceptor or the fixing roll may be contained, or may be externally added.
添加剤としては、例えば、低分子量ポリエチレン、低
分子量ポリプロピレン、各種ワックス、シリコーン油等
の離型剤;カーボンブラック、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化
チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化セリウム、炭酸カルシウム等の
無機微粉末;等が挙げられる。Examples of additives include release agents such as low molecular weight polyethylene, low molecular weight polypropylene, various waxes, and silicone oil; inorganic fine powders such as carbon black, silica, alumina, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, and calcium carbonate; And the like.
(現像方法) 本発明の非磁性トナーは、現像ロールおよび該現像ロ
ール上に供給する現像剤の層厚を均一に規制する現像ブ
レードを備えた現像装置によって、感光体表面に形成さ
れた静電潜像を現像剤により現像する方法において用い
られる。(Developing Method) The non-magnetic toner of the present invention is formed on a photoreceptor surface by a developing device provided with a developing roll and a developing blade for uniformly controlling a layer thickness of a developer supplied on the developing roll. Used in a method of developing a latent image with a developer.
この場合、感光体上の静電潜像の極性と非磁性一成分
現像剤の極性とが同一である反転現像方式により現像す
ることがこのましい。In this case, it is preferable that the developing is performed by a reversal developing method in which the polarity of the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor and the polarity of the non-magnetic one-component developer are the same.
また、感光体上の静電潜像と現像ロールを直接接触さ
せて現像することが好ましい。Further, it is preferable that the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor is brought into direct contact with the developing roll for development.
本発明によれば、従来技術に比較して、現像ロールお
よび該現像ロール上に供給する現像剤の層厚を均一に規
制する現像ブレードを備えた現像装置によって、感光体
上に形成された静電潜像を現像剤により現像する方法で
用いられる場合に、潜像上へのトナーの乗りがよく、転
写工程におけるトナーの転写効率が高く、そのため画像
濃度が高い、ちり、ムラのない鮮明な像が形成され、さ
らに地肌汚れがない良好な画質となるトナーが提供され
る。According to the present invention, as compared with the prior art, a developing device provided with a developing roll and a developing blade for uniformly regulating the layer thickness of a developer supplied on the developing roll has a static electricity formed on a photoreceptor. When used in a method of developing an electro-latent image with a developer, the toner rides on the latent image well, and the transfer efficiency of the toner in the transfer process is high, so that the image density is high, and there is no An image is formed, and a toner having good image quality without background smear is provided.
さらにまた長期連続現像においても画像濃度の低下、
地肌汚れの増大、ゴースト像の発生等のない安定した画
質を得る非磁性トナーと該トナーを用いた現像方法が提
供される。Further, even in long-term continuous development, a decrease in image density,
The present invention provides a non-magnetic toner capable of obtaining a stable image quality without an increase in background stain, generation of a ghost image, and the like, and a developing method using the toner.
以下に実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明について具
体的に説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例のみに限
定されるものではない。また、以下の例おいて、部およ
び%は、特に断りのない限り重量基準である。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these Examples. In the following examples, parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.
[実施例1] スチレン70部、ブチルメタクリレート30部、低分子量
ポリプロピレン4部、カーボンブラック(商品名プリン
テックス150T)10部、Cr系染料(商品名ボントロン−3
4)1.0部、2,2‘−アゾビス(2,4−ジメチルバレロニト
リル)2部をボールミル分散を行なって均一混合液を得
た。[Example 1] 70 parts of styrene, 30 parts of butyl methacrylate, 4 parts of low molecular weight polypropylene, 10 parts of carbon black (trade name: PRINTEX 150T), Cr-based dye (trade name: Bontron-3)
4) 1.0 part and 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) 2 parts were subjected to ball mill dispersion to obtain a uniform mixed solution.
次に、上記混合液を、リン酸カルシウム3部を微細に
分散した純水305部中に添加し、水分散液を得た。Next, the above mixture was added to 305 parts of pure water in which 3 parts of calcium phosphate was finely dispersed to obtain an aqueous dispersion.
上記水分散液を、pH9以上の条件下に、ロータステー
ター型ホモミキサーにより高煎断攪拌を行ない、上記混
合液を水中に微細化して分散させた。The aqueous dispersion was subjected to high-blow stirring with a rotor-stator-type homomixer under the condition of pH 9 or more, and the mixed liquid was finely dispersed in water and dispersed.
次に、この水分散液を攪拌翼がついた反応器に入れ、
65℃で4時間攪拌下に重合を行なった。Next, this aqueous dispersion is put into a reactor equipped with a stirring blade,
Polymerization was carried out with stirring at 65 ° C. for 4 hours.
このようにして得られた重合体の分散液を酸洗、水洗
を充分に行った後、分離、乾燥してトナー材料を得た。The polymer dispersion thus obtained was thoroughly washed with acid and water, then separated and dried to obtain a toner material.
上記トナー材料100部に、流動化剤として疎水性シリ
カ0.2部を外添し、非磁性トナーを得た。To 100 parts of the above toner material, 0.2 parts of hydrophobic silica was externally added as a fluidizing agent to obtain a non-magnetic toner.
かくして得られた非磁性トナーは、第1表に示す特性
を有する実質的に球形の粒子であった。The non-magnetic toner thus obtained was substantially spherical particles having the properties shown in Table 1.
次に、上記非磁性トナーを用い、基本的には第1図の
構成を有する装置であって、感光体1として有機系感光
体を用い、現像ロール3は金属芯の導電性支持体の外周
面のゴム系のトナー担持層を設けたものを用い、トナー
層厚規制部材7としてウレタン系のゴムを使用した接触
現像方式の現像機を有する装置により、画像評価を実施
した。Next, an apparatus using the above non-magnetic toner and having basically the configuration shown in FIG. 1, wherein an organic photoreceptor is used as the photoreceptor 1, and a developing roll 3 is provided around a metal core conductive support Image evaluation was carried out by using a device provided with a rubber-based toner carrying layer on the surface thereof and using a device having a contact-developing type developing machine using urethane-based rubber as the toner layer thickness regulating member 7.
得られた画像は、画像濃度が高く、地肌汚れ、ちり、
ムラのない鮮明なものであり、2万枚の連続現像におい
ても安定した画質が得られた。The resulting image has a high image density, background stain, dust,
The image was clear without unevenness, and stable image quality was obtained even in continuous development of 20,000 sheets.
[実施例2] 実施例1において、Cr系染料(商品名ボントロンS−
34)1.0部に代えて、Cr系染料(商品名スピロンブラッ
クTRH)0.3部を用い、分散媒として、リン酸カルシウム
6部が微細に分散した純水400部を使用した以外は、実
施例1と同様な方法で、実施例1におけるより体積平均
粒径(dv)の小さいトナー材料を得た。Example 2 In Example 1, a Cr-based dye (trade name: Bontron S-
34) The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that 0.3 parts of a Cr-based dye (trade name: Spiron Black TRH) was used instead of 1.0 part, and 400 parts of pure water in which 6 parts of calcium phosphate were finely dispersed were used as a dispersion medium. In a similar manner, a toner material having a smaller volume average particle diameter (dv) than in Example 1 was obtained.
上記トナー材料100部に、流動化剤としてアルミナ0.5
部を外添し、非磁性トナーを得た。得られた非磁性トナ
ーは、体積平均粒径(dv)が5.9μmと微細かつ粒径分
布(dv/dn比)が1.20と狭く、第1表に示す特性を有す
る実質的に球形の粒子であった。To 100 parts of the toner material, alumina 0.5 was used as a fluidizing agent.
Was added externally to obtain a non-magnetic toner. The obtained non-magnetic toner is a substantially spherical particle having a volume average particle diameter (dv) as fine as 5.9 μm, a narrow particle diameter distribution (dv / dn ratio) of 1.20, and having the characteristics shown in Table 1. there were.
次に、上記磁性トナーを用い、実施例1と同様な装置
で画像評価を行なった。Next, using the above magnetic toner, image evaluation was performed using the same apparatus as in Example 1.
得られた画像は、画像濃度が高く、地肌汚れ、ちり、
ムラがなく、しかも階調性、解像度の極めて優れたもの
であった。The resulting image has a high image density, background stain, dust,
There was no unevenness and the gradation and resolution were extremely excellent.
[実施例3] 実施例1において、着色剤としてカーボンブラック
(商品名プリンテックス150T)を5部とCr系染料(商品
名ボントロンS−34)を3.0部使用した以外は、実施例
1と同様な方法で、実施例1におけるよりQ/A比の大き
なトナー材料を得た。[Example 3] Same as Example 1 except that 5 parts of carbon black (trade name PRINTEX 150T) and 3.0 parts of a Cr-based dye (trade name Bontron S-34) were used as the colorant. In this way, a toner material having a higher Q / A ratio than that of Example 1 was obtained.
上記トナー材料100部に、流動化剤として疎水性シリ
カ0.6部を外添し、非磁性トナーを得た。得られた非磁
性トナーは、第1表に示す特性を有する実質的に球形の
粒子であった。0.6 parts of hydrophobic silica was externally added as a fluidizing agent to 100 parts of the toner material to obtain a non-magnetic toner. The obtained non-magnetic toner was substantially spherical particles having the characteristics shown in Table 1.
次に、上記非磁性トナーを用い、実施例と同様な装置
で画像評価を行なった。Next, image evaluation was performed using the above non-magnetic toner with the same apparatus as in the example.
得られた画像は、画像濃度が高く、地肌汚れ、ちり、
ムラのない鮮明なものであった。The resulting image has a high image density, background stain, dust,
It was clear without unevenness.
[比較例1] スチレン−ブチルメタクリレート共重合体(スチレ
ン:ブチルメタクリレート比=70:30)100部、カーボン
ブラック(商品名キャボットBPL)10部、Cr系染料(商
品名ボントロンS−34)1部、低分子量ポリプロピレン
4部をニーダーにて溶融混練後、ジェットミルにて粉砕
し、さらに風力分級によりトナー材料を得た。Comparative Example 1 100 parts of a styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer (styrene: butyl methacrylate ratio = 70: 30), 10 parts of carbon black (trade name: Cabot BPL), 1 part of Cr-based dye (trade name: Bontron S-34) After melt-kneading 4 parts of low molecular weight polypropylene with a kneader, the mixture was pulverized with a jet mill, and further subjected to air classification to obtain a toner material.
上記トナー材料100部に、流動化剤として疎水性シリ
カ0.2部を外添し、非磁性トナーを得た。得られた非磁
性トナーは、第1表に示すように形状係数(Sc/Sr)が
1.53、積(A*dn*D)が14.6の不定形の粒子であっ
た。To 100 parts of the above toner material, 0.2 parts of hydrophobic silica was externally added as a fluidizing agent to obtain a non-magnetic toner. The obtained non-magnetic toner has a shape factor (Sc / Sr) as shown in Table 1.
The particles were amorphous particles having a size of 1.53 and a product (A * dn * D) of 14.6.
次に、上記非磁性トナーを用い、実施例1と同様な装
置で画像評価を行った。Next, using the above-mentioned non-magnetic toner, image evaluation was performed using the same apparatus as in Example 1.
上記非磁性トナーでは、現像ロール上のトナー層厚が
不均一となり、画像濃度が低く、しかも地肌汚れの多
く、濃度ムラがある画像となった。With the above non-magnetic toner, the thickness of the toner layer on the developing roll became nonuniform, the image density was low, the background was stained a lot, and the image was uneven in density.
2万枚の連続現像をお個なったところ、時間経過とと
もに、画像濃度の低下、地肌汚れの増大が極めて激し
く、本現像方式では使用に耐えないトナーであった。When the continuous development was performed on 20,000 sheets, the image density decreased and the background stain increased extremely with the lapse of time, and the toner was unusable in the present development system.
[比較例2] 実施例1において、Cr系染料(商品名ボントロンS−
34)を使用しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様な方法で
トナー材料を得た。[Comparative Example 2] In Example 1, a Cr-based dye (trade name: Bontron S-
A toner material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 34) was not used.
上記トナー材料100部に、流動か剤として疎水性シリ
カ0.2部を外添し、非磁性トナーを得た。To 100 parts of the above toner material, 0.2 parts of hydrophobic silica was externally added as a fluidizing agent to obtain a non-magnetic toner.
かくして得られた非磁性トナーは、第1表に示すよう
に実質的に球形のトナーであったが、帯電量(Q)(μ
c/g)と比表面積(A)の比(Q/A)が13と小さいもので
あった。The non-magnetic toner thus obtained was a substantially spherical toner as shown in Table 1, but the charge amount (Q) (μ
c / g) and the specific surface area (A) (Q / A) were as small as 13.
次に、上記非磁性トナーを用い、実施例1と同様な装
置で画像評価を行った。Next, using the above-mentioned non-magnetic toner, image evaluation was performed using the same apparatus as in Example 1.
得られた画像は、画像濃度が低く、地肌汚れが一面に
生じ、ムラの多いものとなった。The obtained image had a low image density, was stained on the entire surface, and had many irregularities.
[比較例3] 実施例1において、Cr系染料(商品名ボントロンS−
34)1.0部に代えて、Cr系染料(商品名スピロンブラッ
クTRH)5.0部を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法
で非磁性トナーを得た。[Comparative Example 3] In Example 1, a Cr-based dye (trade name: Bontron S-
34) A non-magnetic toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5.0 parts of a Cr-based dye (trade name: Spiron Black TRH) was used instead of 1.0 part.
かくして得られた非磁性トナーは、第1表に示すよう
に実質的に球形のトナーであったが、帯電量(Q)(μ
c/g)と比表面積(A)の比(Q/A)が79と大きなもので
あった。The non-magnetic toner thus obtained was a substantially spherical toner as shown in Table 1, but the charge amount (Q) (μ
c / g) and the specific surface area (A) were as large as 79 (Q / A).
次に、上記非磁性トナーを用い実施例1と同様な装置
で画像評価を行なった。Next, an image evaluation was performed using the above non-magnetic toner with the same apparatus as in Example 1.
得られた画像は、画像濃度が低く、ちりが多く、しか
もトナー感光体への付着性が高くゴースト像が発生し
た。The obtained image had a low image density, a large amount of dust, and a high ghost image due to high adhesion to the toner photoreceptor.
第1図は、本発明の非磁性一成分現像剤を使用する現像
装置の構成例を示す概略図(部分断面図)である。 1……感光体、5……バイアス電源、 2……トナー容器、6……トナー、 3……現像ロール、7……トナー層厚規制部材、 4……トナー供給ロール。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (partial sectional view) showing a configuration example of a developing device using a non-magnetic one-component developer of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Photoreceptor, 5 ... Bias power supply, 2 ... Toner container, 6 ... Toner, 3 ... Developing roll, 7 ... Toner layer thickness regulating member, 4 ... Toner supply roll.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 斉藤 純 神奈川県川崎市川崎区夜光1―2―1 日本ゼオン株式会社研究開発センター内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−279864(JP,A) 特開 昭62−223765(JP,A) 特開 昭63−38947(JP,A) 特開 平1−158459(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) G03G 9/08──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Jun Saito 1-2-1 Night Light, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Zeon Corporation Research and Development Center (56) References JP-A-61-279864 (JP, A) JP-A-62-223765 (JP, A) JP-A-63-38947 (JP, A) JP-A-1-158459 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) G03G 9/08
Claims (5)
る現像剤の層厚を均一に規制する現像ブレードを備えた
現像装置によって、感光体上に形成された静電潜像を現
像剤により現像する方法で用いられる現像剤において、
現像剤が結着樹脂と着色剤を含み、 (a)体積平均粒径(dv)が5〜15μmの範囲で、 (b)体積平均粒径(dv)と個数平均粒径(dn)の比
(dv/dn)が1.00〜1.40の範囲であり、 (c)粒子の絶対最大長を直径とした円の面積(Sc)を
粒子の実質投影面積(Sr)で割った値(Sc/Sr)が1.00
〜1.30の範囲、かつ、 (d)BET法による比表面積(A)(m2/g)、個数平均
粒径(dn)(μm)および真比重(D)の積(A*dn*
D)が5〜10の範囲の実質的に球形で、さらに、 (e)帯電量(Q)(μc/g)と比表面積(A)の比(Q
/A)が15〜70の範囲にある、ことを特徴とする非磁性一
成分現像剤。An electrostatic latent image formed on a photoreceptor is developed with a developer by a developing device having a developing roll and a developing blade for uniformly regulating a layer thickness of the developer supplied on the developing roll. In the developer used in the method,
The developer contains a binder resin and a colorant, (a) the volume average particle diameter (dv) is in the range of 5 to 15 μm, and (b) the ratio of the volume average particle diameter (dv) to the number average particle diameter (dn). (Dv / dn) is in the range of 1.00 to 1.40, and (c) the value (Sc / Sr) obtained by dividing the area (Sc) of the circle having the absolute maximum length of the particle as the diameter by the actual projected area (Sr) of the particle. Is 1.00
And (d) the product (A * dn *) of the specific surface area (A) (m 2 / g), the number average particle diameter (dn) (μm), and the true specific gravity (D) according to the BET method.
D) is substantially spherical in the range of 5 to 10;
/ A) is in the range of 15 to 70.
を懸濁重合法により重合させて得たものである請求項1
記載の非磁性一成分現像剤。2. A composition obtained by polymerizing a homogeneous mixture containing a vinyl monomer and a colorant by a suspension polymerization method.
A non-magnetic one-component developer as described in the above.
る現像剤の層厚を均一に規制する現像ブレードを備えた
現像装置によって、感光体表面に形成された静電潜像を
現像剤により現像する方法において、現像剤として請求
項1記載の非磁性一成分現像剤を用いることを特徴とす
る現像方法。3. An electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of a photoreceptor is developed with a developer by a developing device having a developing roll and a developing blade for uniformly regulating a layer thickness of the developer supplied on the developing roll. A developing method, wherein the non-magnetic one-component developer according to claim 1 is used as a developer.
現像剤の極性とが同一である反転現像方式により現像す
ることを特徴とする請求項3記載の現像方法。4. The developing method according to claim 3, wherein the developing is performed by a reversal developing method in which the polarity of the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member and the polarity of the non-magnetic one-component developer are the same.
触させて現像することを特徴とする請求項3または4記
載の現像方法。5. The developing method according to claim 3, wherein the development is performed by directly contacting the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member with the developing roll.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2057727A JP2805653B2 (en) | 1990-03-08 | 1990-03-08 | Non-magnetic one-component developer |
EP91301720A EP0445986A1 (en) | 1990-03-08 | 1991-03-01 | Non-magnetic one-component developer and development process |
AU72035/91A AU7203591A (en) | 1990-03-08 | 1991-03-01 | Non-magnetic one-component developer and development process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2057727A JP2805653B2 (en) | 1990-03-08 | 1990-03-08 | Non-magnetic one-component developer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03259161A JPH03259161A (en) | 1991-11-19 |
JP2805653B2 true JP2805653B2 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=13063963
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2057727A Expired - Fee Related JP2805653B2 (en) | 1990-03-08 | 1990-03-08 | Non-magnetic one-component developer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0445986A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2805653B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU7203591A (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2812080B2 (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1998-10-15 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Non-magnetic one-component developer |
JP2899193B2 (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1999-06-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | Electrostatic image developing toner and image forming method |
JPH06295099A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-10-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Toner, production of the toner and developing device using the toner |
JP3079146B2 (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 2000-08-21 | 京セラミタ株式会社 | Non-magnetic one-component developing toner |
DE69409533T2 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-11-12 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Dry developer for direct electrostatic printing processes |
US5830617A (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1998-11-03 | Konica Corporation | Toner for developing an electrostatic latent image, Developer and a method of producing an image using the toner |
US5912100A (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1999-06-15 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic images |
EP0791861B1 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 2003-05-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming method |
US6033817A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 2000-03-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner for developing electrostatic image and image forming method |
WO1998006012A1 (en) * | 1996-08-06 | 1998-02-12 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Image forming apparatus and image forming method |
EP0875795B1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2002-03-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming method featuring a residual charge control property resulting from a selected toner formulation |
JPH1172961A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-16 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Color toner |
JPH1172960A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-16 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Powder toner |
US6183924B1 (en) | 1997-08-29 | 2001-02-06 | Daimippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Electrostatic image developer |
US6649315B1 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 2003-11-18 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Nonmagnetic one component developer and developing method |
US6203957B1 (en) | 1999-01-29 | 2001-03-20 | Dianippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Spherical toner particle |
EP1146397B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2008-12-24 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Electrophotographic cartridge, image-forming method and image-forming apparatus |
WO2002075457A1 (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2002-09-26 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developing method for electrophotographic image and developing device, and printing device using the developing device |
JP2003122221A (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-25 | Konica Corp | Image forming device and image forming method |
EP1868039B1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2016-03-16 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic image, developer including the toner, container containing the toner, and developing method using the toner |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2091435A (en) * | 1980-12-18 | 1982-07-28 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Toner for developing electrostatic latent images |
JPH0648399B2 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1994-06-22 | 三田工業株式会社 | Method of developing electrostatic image |
US5041351A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1991-08-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | One component developer for developing electrostatic image and image forming method |
-
1990
- 1990-03-08 JP JP2057727A patent/JP2805653B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-03-01 AU AU72035/91A patent/AU7203591A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-01 EP EP91301720A patent/EP0445986A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0445986A1 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
JPH03259161A (en) | 1991-11-19 |
AU7203591A (en) | 1991-09-12 |
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