JP2805346B2 - Energy absorber for structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a so-called energy absorbing device for a structure that absorbs deformation energy such as an earthquake acting on a structure such as a building or a pipe, and particularly to a cylinder-type energy absorbing device. More specifically, the present invention relates to an energy absorbing device utilizing an energy absorbing effect accompanying shear deformation of a metal plastic material.

[Conventional technology]

A cylinder type energy absorbing device utilizing plastic deformation of metal is known from Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-30470.

According to this known technique, a cylinder, a rod inserted in a penetrating manner along an axial direction in the cylinder, and lead sealed in a space between the cylinder and the rod are provided. The lead is sheared and deformed by passing through the reduced cross section formed in the vacant space due to the relative movement of the space, and the energy consumption at this time absorbs the deformation energy and attenuates the movement of the structure linked to this energy absorbing device Is what you do.

However, in the above-described known technology, the frictional force between the rod surface and lead is large, and a predetermined force for plastically fluidizing lead may not be obtained.
Not only is the attenuation characteristic unstable, but it is not possible to exhibit an effective attenuation capability. If the reduction ratio of the cross-section reduction part is designed to be large, it is insensitive to small seismic force, and it operates only with large seismic force. Reacts but exceeds the permissible value for large seismic forces.In other words, the absorption characteristics of seismic force vary greatly depending on the ratio of the reduced section, which makes it extremely difficult to determine the reduced section. There is a problem that there is.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a cylinder-type energy absorbing device of this type that has a mechanism capable of obtaining stable and effective energy absorbing characteristics and absorbing a wide range of energy from small to large. The purpose is to provide.

For this reason, the present invention applies pure shear deformation to an energy absorber such as lead, that is, a metal plastic flowing material enclosed in the energy absorbing portion, and applies the deformation energy to the energy absorbing portion according to the magnitude of the deformation energy. It has been made based on the finding that this object can be achieved by adopting a mechanism for transmitting information dynamically.

B. Configuration of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] The structural energy absorbing device of the present invention specifically employs the following technical means (configuration). That is, an energy absorbing device installed between structures that are relatively displaced, and a cylindrical housing 1 fixed to one of the structures.
And a rod 2 fixed to the other structure and disposed along a central axis in the housing 1, and an energy absorbing portion in which an energy absorbing member is sealed in a central portion of an annular space between the housing 1 and the rod 2. 3 and the housing 1
A plurality of concentric sliding wheels 20A to 20E are arranged in a multiplex manner so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to each other. The two are engaged by the engagement hole 21 and the engagement protrusion 22 while allowing only a certain axial movement, the innermost sliding wheel 20A is fixed to the rod 2 side, and the outermost sliding wheel 20E is connected to the housing. And sliding parts 4 and 5 fixed to one side.

[Action] When a strong displacement force such as an earthquake motion acts between structures,
The relative displacement between the structures is the relative displacement in the axial direction between the housing 1 and the rod 2 of the present energy absorbing device.

The relative displacement of the rod 2 with respect to the housing 1
The plastic fluid such as lead encapsulated in the energy absorbing part 3 undergoes shear deformation and is transmitted to the energy absorbing part 3 by the sliding wheels 4 and 5 in a stepwise manner. Absorbs the deformation energy of the structures, thereby attenuating the movement between the structures.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 7 show an energy absorbing device S of one embodiment. That is, FIG. 1 shows a stationary state of the entire structure, FIG. 2 shows an operating state thereof, and FIGS. 3 to 7 show structures of respective parts.

The energy absorbing device S includes a cylindrical housing, that is, a cylinder 1, a cylindrical rod 2 having one end protruding along a central axis in the cylinder 1, and an annular space between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2. And a first and a second energy absorbing portion 3 in which the lead P is sealed and disposed in the annular space between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2 via the energy absorbing portion 3. Including sliding parts 4 and 5,
A bracket 7 is attached to the protruding portion of the rod 2, and a bracket 8 is attached to the cylinder 1.

 Hereinafter, the detailed structure of each part will be described.

The cylinder 1 is made of a hard body such as a metal, and has a flange portion bulging in the inner diameter direction at one end (rear portion) on the inner surface thereof.
10 is formed, and a screw portion 11 is screwed into the other end (opening). The thread diameter (minimum diameter) of the screw portion 11 does not exceed the inner diameter of the cylinder 1. On the outer surface, a screw portion 12 is screwed to the end where the flange 10 is formed.

The rod 2 arranged along the center axis of the girder 1 has a flange 14 at a stationary position corresponding to the flange 10 of the cylinder 1 described above. 15 is screwed. The thread diameter of the thread part 15 is rod 2
Never exceed the diameter of the body.

The energy absorbing section 3 includes an outer cylinder 17 fitted on the inner surface of the cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 18 fitted on the outer surface of the rod 2. Lead P as an absorber is inserted. The energy absorbing unit 3
Receives shear deformation in the axial direction at the relevant portion, and absorbs energy with the shear deformation.

Both the first and second sliding portions 4 and 5 have the same configuration, transmit the relative displacement of the rod 2 with respect to the cylinder 1 in a stepwise manner, and selectively allow the axial displacement of the rod 2 in the radial direction. Performs the function of restraining the movement (blur) of the object.

For this reason, the sliding portions 4 and 5 adopt a configuration in which a plurality of concentric sliding wheels 20 are overlapped.

In this embodiment, five sliding wheels 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20
E, which are arranged concentrically, that is, concentrically with each other. Each sliding wheel 20 has an engaging hole 21 and an engaging protrusion 22 that is loosely fitted in the engaging hole 21. The engaging hole 21 and the engaging projection 22 are
Are provided at positions facing each other in the radial direction, and the respective sliding wheels are provided so as to be displaced in the axial direction.

More specifically, the innermost sliding wheel 20A has an inner diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the rod 2, and is fitted on the rod 2.

The sliding wheel 20A is provided with an engaging hole 21A, but has no engaging projection. The sliding wheel 20B is fitted and slid on the sliding wheel 20A, and the engaging protrusion 22B is mounted in the engaging hole 21A. Is entered.

Hereinafter, the sliding wheel 20C sequentially has the engagement hole 21C, and the sliding wheel 20C
B, the engagement protrusion 22C is inserted into the engagement hole 21B. The sliding wheel 20D has an engaging hole 21D, is fitted on the sliding wheel 20C, and the engaging projection 22D is inserted into the engaging hole 21C.

The outermost sliding wheel 20E has no engaging hole, and the engaging protrusion 22E is inserted into the engaging hole 21D and fitted.

5 and 6 show an example of the detailed structure of the engaging hole 21 and the engaging projection 22. FIG.

That is, the engaging protrusion 22 is a separate small piece attached to the inner periphery of the main body of the sliding wheel 20, and the sliding hole 20 has a bolt hole 23,
Screw holes 24 are respectively formed in the engaging projections 22 in correspondence with the bolt holes 23, and the two are connected by a plurality of (two in this embodiment) fastening bolts 25.

In the stationary position, the engaging projection 22 is
A predetermined distance α from the other end surface of the engagement hole 21. The α is a uniform division of a stroke L of the present apparatus S described later. In the circumferential direction, both ends of the engagement protrusion 22 keep an interval of β. This allows a deviation in the circumferential direction. Needless to say, β is set to 0 when the deviation is restricted.

Each of these sliding wheels 20A to 20D is halved, and is embedded in the cylinder 1 with the rod 2 held therein.

The first sliding part 4 has a stepped part 1 of the flanges 10 and 14
0a, 14a, and the second sliding portion 5 is disposed on the side of the opening in the cylinder 1. The second sliding portion 5 is restrained by two spacers 27, 28 and a stopper 29. .

That is, the large-diameter outer spacer 27 has a cylindrical shape, and is fitted and disposed inside the cylinder 1, and has one end (rear side) thereof.
Abuts on the outermost sliding wheel 20E of the sliding portion 5. And
The other end (opening side) comes into contact with the inner side surface of the annular stopper 29 which is thick and screwed into the screw portion 11 screwed into the opening end of the cylinder 1.

The small-diameter inner spacer 28 is longer than the outer spacer 29, is fitted on the rod 2, and has one end thereof in contact with the innermost sliding wheel 20 </ b> A of the sliding portion 5. The other end has a threaded hole in a threaded portion 15 screwed to the end of the rod 2.
The inner end face 7b of the bracket 7 to be screwed with 7a is pressed and contacted.

The inner spacer 28 has a gap 3 with the annular hole 29a of the stopper 29.
It is inserted through 0.

The stopper 29 also comes into contact with the inner end face 7b of the bracket 7 so as to be able to freely come and go.

A mounting plate 32 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 7.
It is attached to one of the structures with an attachment hole 32a opened in 32.

The bracket 8 is provided with a screw hole 8a on the inner periphery of a bracket body forming a bottomed cylindrical body, and a screw portion outside the cylinder 1 is provided.
The mounting plate 34 is fixed to the outer end surface by screwing to the mounting surface 12, and is mounted to the other structure with the mounting hole 34a. External and cylinder 1 on the outer surface of the bracket body
An air hole 35 communicating with the inside of the device is formed.

In the above configuration, by tightening the bracket 7 and the stopper 29, the first and second sliding portions 4, 5 and the energy absorbing portion 3 are integrally tightened via the spacers 27, 28, and the cylinder 1 is arranged.

The device S of the present embodiment has a configuration in which ease of assembly and disassembly are considered. Therefore, when it is not necessary to consider these matters, an integrated structure is appropriately adopted.

That is, in terms of assembling, the rod 2 from which the bracket 7 has been removed is held at the center axis position of the cylinder 1, the second sliding part 5 is first mounted on the rod 2 and pushed into the cylinder 1, and then the energy absorbing part 3 and the first sliding part 4 are inserted. After that, spacers 27 and 28 and stopper 2
9 is attached, and the bracket 7 is attached. The tightening end surface 7b of the bracket 7 presses the spacer 28 and abuts against the end surface 29b of the stopper 29. The bracket 8 is screwed to complete the assembly.

(Operation of Example) The present energy absorbing device S is provided with brackets 7 and 8
It is installed between structures that move relative to each other.

When the structures are relatively displaced by receiving deformation energy such as seismic motion, the displacement is transmitted to the cylinder 1 and the rod 2.

When the rod 2 is displaced with respect to the cylinder 1 in the direction a (rightward in the figure) as shown in FIG.
The innermost sliding wheel 20A is fixed to the rod 2 and the outermost sliding wheel 20E is fixed and fixed to the cylinder 1 at both ends thereof via the intermediate energy absorbing portion 3 at these ends. Since the sliding wheels 20B, 20C, and 20D interposed between the sliding wheels 20A and 20E are mutually slidable, the displacement of the rod 2 is changed from the rotating wheel 20A toward the sliding wheel 20E. It is transmitted stepwise sequentially over the stroke L.

The energy absorbing portion 3 is deformed following the deformation of the sliding portions 4 and 5 between the sliding portions 4 and 5. The deformation of the energy absorbing portion 3 is a pure shear deformation caused by the slip between the sliding wheels 20A to 20E, and the slip surface appears in multiple layers. In this embodiment, this pure shear deformation surface appears in four layers.

Thus, this deformation consumes energy and dampens movement.

The operation of the above device S is performed by the sliding wheels 20A to 20E of the sliding portions 4 and 5.
Are displaced, that is, the case where the large deformation energy is received, but when the structure receives the small deformation energy, a part of the sliding wheel moves.

FIG. 8 schematically shows a state near the energy absorbing section 3 of the present apparatus S.

In other words, some sliding wheels including the sliding wheel 20A in contact with the rod 2 move only l in the direction a. In the figure, two shear planes are shown.

According to the energy absorbing device S of the present embodiment, in the energy absorbing unit 3, a shear deformation surface appears in multiple layers,
In addition to exhibiting efficient energy absorption, a small deformation force can be dealt with by operating some of the sliding wheels, and a wide range from large deformation energy to small deformation energy can be dealt with.

In addition, the pure shear deformation in the energy absorbing section 3 of the present apparatus S has a clear energy absorbing characteristic, and can be designed rationally. Further, in the operation of the apparatus S of the embodiment, the movement of the rod 2 is guided without shaking in the axial direction of the cylinder 1, and the rod 2 is allowed to twist.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention. That is, the following embodiments are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

(A) In the embodiment described above, the housing is shown as a cylinder having a cylindrical body, and the rod is shown as having a cylindrical shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the housing may be a box having at least a quadrangle or more. Can also be taken. In this case, it is natural that the rod also has a polygonal shape corresponding to the box shape. According to this aspect, the torsional displacement is restricted, and it is necessary to consider the distance β between the engaging projection and the engaging hole as in the previous embodiment.

(B) In the above embodiment, the mode in which the rod 2 is displaced in one direction has been described, but the mode in which the rod 2 is periodically displaced is not excluded.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the engaging projection is disposed at an intermediate position of the engaging hole in the normal position.
Naturally, design changes such as maintaining a predetermined distance between the contact surface of the bracket 7 and the stopper 29 are made.

(C) In addition to lead, metals such as tin, zinc, aluminum, sodium, and copper;
Superplastic alloys such as tin alloys, zinc-aluminum-copper, or granular materials such as glass beads, metal powders (including steel balls), and ceramic particles are used. Furthermore, if lead or the above substances are selected, combinations of two or more of these substances are also possible. At
Combinations of two or more are also employed as appropriate.

When the above-mentioned substances are used as energy absorbers, these substances are attenuated by energy absorption accompanying plastic fluidization like lead bodies.

In the case of using the above-mentioned particulate matter, a damping function due to friction between closely packed particulate matter is used.

C. Effects of the Invention Since the energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention has the above-described configuration and exerts an action, it has the following specific effects.

In the energy absorbing section, the plastic fluid material undergoes shear deformation in multiple layers, and exhibits a large energy absorbing ability.

The analysis of the energy absorption of the shear deformation of the plastic flow material is easy, and therefore, the design of the present apparatus can be simplified.

According to this device, in the energy absorbing portion, since shear deformation occurs sequentially from the portion corresponding to the sliding wheel on the inner diameter side constituting the sliding portion with respect to the vibration displacement, from the small seismic force due to a small earthquake, the large seismic force due to a large earthquake. Good damping effect is exhibited up to seismic force.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show an embodiment of an energy absorbing device for a structure according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an entire structure of the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an operation state similar to FIG. Figure,
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion V of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5, and FIG. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a small displacement,
The figure is another mechanism diagram of the sliding portion. 1 ... housing (cylinder), 2 ... rod, 3 ...
Energy absorbing part, 4,5 ... Sliding part, 20A-20E ... Sliding ring, 21 ... Engaging hole, 22 ... Engaging projection, P ... Lead

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-110038 (JP, A) JP-A-63-43041 (JP, A) JP-A-51-133669 (JP, A) JP-A-63-114772 (JP) , A) JP-A-59-62742 (JP, A) JP-A-62-274124 (JP, A) JP-B-58-30470 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB Name) F16F 7/00-7/14 F16F 9/00-9/32 F16F 9/36-9/43 F16F 9/53-9/54 F16F 15/00-15/32

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An energy absorbing device installed between structures that are relatively displaced, comprising: a cylindrical housing fixed to one structure; and a cylindrical housing fixed to the other structure. Along the rod, an energy absorbing portion encapsulating an energy absorber in the center of the annular space between the housing and the rod, and facing each other with the energy absorbing portion interposed between the housing and the rod. A plurality of concentric sliding wheels are multiplexed so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to each other, and the sliding wheels are engaged with each other by an engagement hole and an engagement projection while allowing only a certain axial movement. And an innermost sliding wheel fixed to the rod side, and an outermost sliding wheel fixed to the housing side, comprising: a sliding portion.